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Intelligence Test

The document discusses intelligence tests, including their history and classification. Intelligence quotient (IQ) is derived from standardized tests and measures human intelligence. IQ tests are classified as verbal individual tests, non-verbal individual tests, verbal group tests, and non-verbal group tests based on whether they use language and are given individually or in a group.

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226 views4 pages

Intelligence Test

The document discusses intelligence tests, including their history and classification. Intelligence quotient (IQ) is derived from standardized tests and measures human intelligence. IQ tests are classified as verbal individual tests, non-verbal individual tests, verbal group tests, and non-verbal group tests based on whether they use language and are given individually or in a group.

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saroj hayat
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HIND COLLEGE OF NURSING

Safedabad, Barabanki

SUBJECT- NURSING EDUCATION


ASSIGNMENTS
ON
INTELLIGENCE TEST

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
MR. MUTHU KUMAR MS. SAROJ TIGGA
PROFESSOR M.Sc. NURSING 1ST YEAR
DEP. OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING HIND COLLEGE OF NURSING
INTELLIGENCE TEST

INTRODUCTION
An intelligence quotient (IQ) is a total score derived from a set of standardized tests or subtests
designed to assess human intelligence. The abbreviation "IQ" was coined by the psychologist
William Stern for the German term Intelligenz quotient, his term for a scoring method for
intelligence tests at University of Breslau he advocated in a 1912 book.

Historically, IQ was a score obtained by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by
administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of
years and months. The resulting fraction (quotient) is multiplied by 100 to obtain the IQ score.
For modern IQ tests, the median raw score of the norming sample is defined as IQ 100 and
scores each standard deviation (SD) up or down are defined as 15 IQ points greater or less.[4] By
this definition, approximately two-thirds of the population scores are between IQ 85 and IQ 115.
About 2.5 percent of the population scores above 130, and 2.5 percent below 70.

IQ scores are used for educational placement, assessment of intellectual disability, and
evaluating job applicants. In research contexts, they have been studied as predictors of job
performance and income. They are also used to study distributions of psychometric intelligence
in populations and the correlations between it and other variables. Raw scores on IQ tests for
many populations have been rising at an average rate that scales to three IQ points per decade
since the early 20th century, a phenomenon called the Flynn effect. Investigation of different
patterns of increases in subtest scores can also inform current research on human intelligence.

Classification of Intelligence Tests

Intelligence tests are classified according to the activities involved in them. These are classified
as follows:

Intelligence tests: Verbal tests and Non verbal tests

Verbal tests: Individual tests and Group tests

Non verbal tests: Individual tests and Group tests

Verbal tests make use of language while non-verbal tests include the activities which do not
require the use of language. Both these types are suitable for individual as well as group tests.
Hence both verbal and non-verbal tests are further divided into individual and group tests. Hence
there are four types of intelligence tests.

1. Verbal Individual Intelligence tests: These tests involve the use of language and given to an
individual at a time. For example- Binet scale consisted of 30 items (arranged in order of
increasing difficulty) graded for different levels as:-

 At age 3- Point out nose, eyes and mouth.


 At age 7- Tell what is missing in the unfinished picture.

2. Non-verbal Individual Intelligence tests: As verbal tests cannot be used in case of illiterates
or children, who cannot express nu language. But it is possible with non-verbal individual
intelligence tests. These tests involve the least possible language ability and are almost
unaffected by knowledge derived from books. For example- Individual performance tests which
include popularly known scale such as –

 The Pinter Patterson Scale


 Alexander’s Battery of Performance Tests

1. Verbal Group Intelligence Tests: These are designed to test the intelligence of a group and
not of an individual. All the people in the group are given same directions and have to perform
the same activities. Even the scores of the result of group intelligence tests is calculated by
machines instead of a skilled examiner keeping economy of time in mind. Some of the earlier
tests are:

 Army Alpha Tests (Developed in World War I)


 Army General Classification Test (Developed in World War II)
Today we have many verbal group tests. Some of the popular Indian Tests of this nature are:
 CIE verbal group test of Intelligence (Hindi)
 Group test of General Mental Ability (Samadhi Mansik Yogyata Pariksha).

2. Non-verbal Group Intelligence Tests: These tests do not necessitate the use of language and
are applied to the group of individuals at a time. There are some performance tests in group
intelligence tests in which the examiner draws some lines according to his abilities, fills in some
empty spaces, draws some simple figures, or performs some simple activities. As Alexander
said, “A complete performance battery will be a better measure than a complete verbal battery”.
The examples of such type of tests are:-

1. Chicago Non-verbal test


2. Army Beta test (World War I)
3. Raven’s Progressive Matrices test
4. For interpreting the scores earned on intelligence tests, we make use of the concept of
mental age and IQ.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Braaten, Ellen B.; Norman, Dennis (1 November 2006). "Intelligence (IQ) Testing".
Pediatrics in Review. 27 (11): 403–408. doi:10.1542/pir.27-11-403. ISSN 0191-9601. Retrieved
22 January 2020.
2. Stern 1914, pp. 48–58 (1912 original German edition by Stern); 70–84 (1914 English
translation by Whipple)
3. Glossary of Important Assessment and Measurement Terms. Philadelphia, PA: National
Council on Measurement in Education. 2016. Intelligence quotient (IQ). Archived from the
original on 2017-07-22. Retrieved 2017-07-01
4. Gottfredson 2009, pp. 31–32
5. Neisser, Ulrich (1997). "Rising Scores on Intelligence Tests". American Scientist. 85 (5):
440– 447. Bibcode: 1997AmSci...85...440N. Archived from the original on 4 November 2016.
Retrieved 1 December 2017.

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