(B) to guide the child (B) social, philosophical (C) to educate the child (C) philosophical, philosophical (D) to lead the child 2. Pedagogy is the study of? (D) environmental, psychological (A) Education 13. According to John Dewey, schools must prepare (B) Learning Process students for (A) (C) Teaching Methods present life (D) Guiding Students (B) future life 3. The philosopher who worked in mathematical (C) entrepreneurship and scientific didactic was? (A) Jean Piaget (D) research (B) John Dewey 14. Responses that produce a satisfying effect in a (C) Martin Wagenschein particular situation become __________ to occur (D) Lev Vygotsky again in that situation. (A) not likely 4. The use of technology to enhance learning (B) equally likely process is called __________ in education. (C) less likely (A) IT (D) more likely (B) ICT 15. Responses that produce a discomforting effect (C) Information technology become __________ to occur again in that situation. (D) Communication technology (A) not likely 5. A scoring guide use to evaluate the quality (B) equally likely of students is called (A) rubrics (C) less likely (D) more likely (B) checklists 16. According to Rousseau, at what age a person (C) inventories ready to have a companion of the opposite sex? (D) rating scales (A) 16 6. As people grow older, the __________ of (B) 17 learning declines. (A) speed (C) 18 (B) power (D) 19 1 (C) quality (A) 3 (D) quantity (B) 4 7. Which from the following should be used (C) 5 to increase correct responses and appropriate behavior? (A) Praise 17. The field of study concerned with the construction (B) Reward of thought processes, including remembering, (C) Ignorance problem solving, and decision-making is called (D) Strictness (A) Education (B) 8. Which from the following should be used to Pedagogy decrease minor inappropriate behavior? (C) Cognitive Development (A) Praise (D) Epistemology (B) Reward 18. Jean Piaget proposed __________ stages of (C) Ignorance Cognitive Development. (D) Strictness (D) 6 9. The book Emile or “On Education” on the nature of 19. The more often a particular ability is used the education and man is written by __________ it becomes. (A) more important (A) Aristotle (B) less important (B) Plato (C) stronger (C) John Dewey (D) weaker (D) Rousseau 19. The longer a particular ability is unused the 10. According to Emile, the noblest work in education __________ it becomes. (A) more important is to make a/an (A) good citizen (B) less important (B) reasoning man (C) stronger (C) thinker (D) weaker (D) entrepreneur 21. The more parts of your brain you use, the more 11. Teachers should present information to the likely you are to __________ information. students clearly and in interesting way, and relate (A) use (B) miss (C) misuse this new information to the things students (D) retain (A) don’t know 22. The conclusion of a deductive argument is (B) already know (A) certain (C) willing to know (B) experience (D) not willing to know (C) observation 12. According to John Dewey, school is a (D) probable __________ institution, and education is a 23. The truth of the conclusion of an inductive argument is (D) society (A) certain 33. Who advocated removing children from their (B) experience mothers’ care and raising them as wards of the (C) observation state? (A) Socrates (D) probable (B) Plato 24. The process of reasoning from one or more given (C) Aristotle statements to reach a logically certain conclusion is (D) John Locke called 34. The famous book “The Republic” was written by (A) Deductive Reasoning (A) Socrates (B) Inductive Reasoning (B) Plato (C) Qualitative Reasoning (C) Aristotle (D) Quantitative Reasoning (D) John Locke 25. The reasoning in which the given statements 35. “All who have meditated on the art of governing are viewed as supplying strong evidence for the mankind have been convinced that the fate of truth of the conclusion is called (A) Deductive empires depends on the education of youth.” This is Reasoning the saying of (A) Aristotle (B) Inductive Reasoning (B) Socrates (C) Qualitative Reasoning (C) Plato (D) Quantitative Reasoning (D) John Locke 36. The Waldorf education approach emphasizes a 26. According to Jean Piaget, children develop balanced development of (A) head and heart abstract logic and reasoning skill during (B) head and hands (A) Sensorimotor stage (C) heart and hands (B) Preoperational stage (D) head, heart, and hands (C) Concrete operational stage 37. Plato believed that talent and intelligence are (D) Formal operational stage 27. Children are (A) distributed genetically usually egocentric during __________ and (B) not distributed genetically __________ stages. (C) distributed gender-wise (A) Sensorimotor, Preoperational (D) not distributed gender-wise (B) Preoperational, Concrete operational 38. A priori knowledge is knowledge that is known (C) Concrete operational, Formal operational independently of (A) analysis (D) Formal operational, Sensorimotor (B) information 28. According to Jean Piaget, children are no (C) experience longer egocentric when entering (A) Sensorimotor (D) evidence stage 39. A posteriori knowledge is knowledge that is (B) Preoperational stage known by (A) (C) Concrete operational stage analysis (D) Formal operational stage (B) information 29. According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive (C) experience development, the Concrete operational stage (D) evidence starts at age (A) 3 (B) 7 40. According to John Locke, a child’s mind does not (C) 11 contain any (A) innate ideas (D) 15 (B) memory 30. According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive (C) observation development, the Formal operational stage starts at (D) imagination age 41. The philosopher who for the first time mentioned (A) 3 the importance of play (or sports) in education was (B) 7 (A) Socrates (C) 11 (B) Plato (D) 15 (C) Aristotle 31. The most recent response is most likely to (D) John Locke (A) forget 42. The process of selecting units from a population (B) compromised to estimate characteristics of the population is called (C) reoccur (A) analyzing (D) not occur again (B) inference 32. Rousseau advocated an educational method (C) research which consisted of removing the child from (D) sampling (A) school 43. We calculate average marks of a student in the (B) burden way as we calculate (C) past memory (A) arithmetic mean (B) geometric mean (C) standard deviation (D) variance 44. The __________ is a measure of how spreads (C) scientists out points are from the mean. (A) arithmetic mean (D) citizens (B) geometric mean 55. Progressivism believes that children learn in a/an (C) standard deviation (A) community (D) variance (B) competition 45. The standard deviation is the __________ of the (C) isolation variance. (A) square (D) closed environment (B) square root 56. A normal human being has __________ senses. (C) cube (A) 4 (D) cube root (B) 5 46. The concept of pragmatism in educational (C) 6 philosophy says that education should be about (D) 7 (A) obedience 57. Which from the following is NOT among the five (B) virtue senses? (A) vision (C) life and growth (B) touch (D) shaping good citizens (C) smell 47. The idea of practical learning means education (D) thought should apply to the (A) practice 58. The application of ideas, knowledge and skills to (B) society achieve the desired results is called (C) abstract knowledge (A) problem solving (D) real world (B) critical thinking 48. An aspect of pragmatism is experiential learning, (C) reasoned arguments which says, education should come through (D) deductive method (A) experience 59. According to Socrates of Meno, virtue is (B) practice (A) teachable (C) knowledge (B) unteachable (D) observations (C) reachable 49. According to Aristotle, virtue is a/an __________ (D) unreachable state between excess and deficiency. 60. The curriculum of educational institutes should be (A) natural based on (A) (B) intermediate theory (C) real (B) practice (D) artificial (C) theory and practice 50. In case of spending money, the virtue is (D) theory, practice and research __________ between wastefulness and stringiness. 61. The new curriculum should be introduced (A) generosity (A) abruptly (B) penury (B) continuously (C) lavishness (C) gradually (D) prodigal (D) relatively 51. The concept of perennialism in education means 62. Evaluation of the process of curriculum school curricula should focus on what is development should be made (A) important (A) abruptly (B) everlasting (B) continuously (C) in demand (C) gradually (D) in need (D) relatively 52. According to John Dewey, children should 63. Curriculum revision should be a/an __________ experience __________in school to make them process. (A) abrupt better citizens. (A) rules (B) continuous (B) discipline (C) gradual (C) democracy (D) relative (D) practical implementation 64. The term heuristic means __________ in 53. Progressivism believes that education comes decision making. (A) brain storming from the experience of the (B) calculations (A) child (C) thoroughness (B) teacher (D) mental shortcuts (C) principal 65. Robert Sternberg, a famous psychologist, argued (D) society that creativity requires __________ different types of 54. The idea of teaching the whole child in the intelligence. (A) 3 (B) 4 “philosophy of pragmatism in education” means (C) 5 teaching students to be good (D) 6 (A) learners (B) thinkers 66. According to Robert Sternberg, the three different (C) Socrates types of required intelligence for creativity are (A) (D) Edward Thorndike synthetic, analytical, and practical 77. The advocators of philosophy of Pragmatism (B) analytical, observational and practical believe that reality is (A) (C) analytical, critical and practical imagination (D) abstract, synthetic and analytical (B) stagnant 67. A common technique to help people begin the (C) constantly changing creative process is (D) related to mind (A) calculations 78. The psychologist who for the first time proposed (B) brain storming the concept of connectionism in learning was (C) thoroughness (A) Aristotle (D) mental shortcuts (B) Plato 68. According to Plato, the highest goal in all of (C) Robert Sternberg education is knowledge of the (D) Edward Thorndike (A) science 79. According to Edward Thorndike, learning is about (B) mathematics responding to (A) analysis (C) philosophy (B) change (D) good (C) experiment 69. Plato argued that __________ are fit to rule. (D) stimuli (A) educationists and philosophers 80. Anything that causes a reaction is called (B) only educationists (A) learning (C) only philosophers (B) stimulus (D) only psychologists (C) connectionism 70. The book “A Brief History of Time” is written by (D) physical objects (A) Aristotle 81. The connection between stimulus and response (B) John Dewey is called (C) Robert Sternberg (A) stimulus-response bond (D) Stephen Hawking (B) receiving-accepting bond 71. The branch of philosophy focuses on the nature (C) stimulus-response paradigm of reality is (A) (D) receiving-accepting paradigm Connectionism 82. The __________ the stimulus-response bond (B) Epistemology (SR bond), the better a person has learned the (C) Metaphysics lesson. (D) Pedagogy (A) stable 72. Idealism is a philosophical approach that (B) unstable argues that __________are the only true reality, (C) stronger and the only thing worth knowing. (A) ideas (D) weaker (B) experiences 83. There are __________ laws of connectionism. (C) observations (A) 2 (D) physical objects (B) 3 73. Realism is a philosophical approach that argues (C) 4 that ultimate reality is the world of (D) 5 (A) ideas 84. The three laws of connectionism are the laws of (B) experiences (A) effect, stimulus and response (C) observations (B) stimulus, response and exercise (D) physical objects (C) exercise, readiness and response 74. Who is called the father of both Realism and the (D) effect, exercise and readiness scientific method? 85. According to the law of effect, if a stimulus results (A) Aristotle in a positive outcome, the S-R bond is (B) Plato (A) strengthened (C) Socrates (B) weakened (D) Edward Thorndike (C) stabilized 75. The philosopher who is called the father of (D) unsterilized Idealism is 86. According to the law of effect, if a stimulus results (A) Aristotle in a negative outcome, the S-R bond is (B) Plato (A) strengthened (C) Socrates (B) weakened (D) Edward Thorndike (C) stabilized 76. The philosopher who for the first time taught logic (D) unsterilized as a formal discipline was 87. According to the __________, the more you do (A) Aristotle something, the better you are at it. (B) Plato (A) law of effect (B) law of exercise 96. The study of the physical, social and mental (C) law of readiness aspects of aging is called (D) law of connectionism (A) Esthetics (B) Genetics (C) Gerontology 88. According to the __________, S-R bonds are (D) Clinical psychology stronger if an individual is ready to learn. 97. As people gets older, the ability of applying or (A) law of effect maintain attention (A) increases (B) law of exercise (B) decreases (C) law of readiness (C) stays constant (D) law of connectionism (D) remains unaffected 89. The __________ says, we are motivated to gain 98. The brain __________ as people gets older. rewards and avoid punishments. (A) shrinks (A) law of effect (B) expands (B) law of exercise (C) stays constant (C) law of readiness (D) remains unaffected (D) law of connectionism 99. There is __________ in working memory as 90. The Law of Effect can be effectively used in people gets older. (A) upgradation (A) accelerate learning (B) degradation (B) curriculum development (C) no change (C) classroom management (D) a slight change (D) teaching methods 100. According to the philosophy of Idealism in 91. For an effective teaching, the teacher must be a education, the subject matter of curriculum should be subject matter expert that includes I. command over (A) mathematics the subject (B) science II. the ability to convey knowledge (C) physical world III. the ability to apply ideas from one discipline to (D) mind another (A) 101. In education, __________ is used to make I only inference about the learning and development of (B) II only students. (A) assessment (C) I and II only (B) evaluation (D) I, II and III (C) measurement 92. The satiation technique of classroom (D) diagnosis management is a technique where instead of 102. An assessment that is conducted prior to the punishing negative behaviors, the teacher might start of teaching or instruction is called decide to actually __________ the negative (A) initial assessment behavior. (A) encourage (B) formal assessment (B) discourage (C) formative assessment (C) ignore (D) summative assessment (D) divert 103. An assessment that is carried out throught the 93. The extinction technique of classroom course is called (A) initial assessment management is a technique where teacher (B) diagnostic assessment __________ any negative behavior. (C) formative assessment (D) (A) divert summative assessment (B) ignore 104. An assessment is __________ if it consistently (C) encourage achieves the same results with the same (or similar) (D) discourage students. (A) Valid 94. The use of a physical punishment for class (B) Invalid management is called (A) (C) Reliable extinction technique (D) Unreliable (B) satiation technique 105. A/An __________ assessment is one which (C) time out technique measures what it is intended to measure. (D) corporal punishment (A) Valid 95. The technique of classroom management where (B) Invalid the teacher punishes negative behaviors by (C) Reliable removing an unruly student from the rest of the class (D) Unreliable is called (A) extinction technique Sabir Jan Marri (B) satiation technique Gold medalist (research) (C) time out technique https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-1917 (D) corporal punishment