26/02/2019 SAP Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete Tutorial with Tcodes

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SAP Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete

Tutorial with Tcodes
What is System Monitoring?
System monitoring is a daily routine activity and this document provides a systematic step
by step procedure for Server Monitoring. It gives an overview of technical aspects and
concepts for proactive system monitoring. Few of them are:

Checking Application Servers.

Monitoring System-wide Work Processes.
Monitoring Work Processes for Individual Instances.
Monitoring Lock Entries.
CPU Utilization
Available Space in Database.
Monitoring Update Processes.
Monitoring System Log.
Bu er Statistics

Some others are:

Monitoring Batch Jobs

Spool Request Monitoring.
Number of Print Requests
ABAP Dump Analysis.
Database Performance Monitor.
Database Check.
Monitoring Application Users.

Why Daily Basic checks / System Monitoring?

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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_1.png)

How do we do monitor a SAP System?

Checking Application Servers (SM51)

This transaction is used to check all active application servers.

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_2.png)

Here you can see which services or work processes are configured in each instance.

Monitoring Work Processes for Individual Instances SM50:

Displays all running, waiting, stopped and PRIV processes related to a particular instance.
Under this step we check all the processes; the process status should always be waiting or
running. If any process is having a status other than waiting or running we need to check
that particular process and report accordingly.
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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_3.png)

This transaction displays a lot of information like:

1. Status of Work process (whether it's occupied or not)

2. If the work process is running, you may be able to see the action taken by it in the Action
column.
3. You can which table is being worked upon

Some of the typical problems:

The user takes a long time to log on/not able to logon/online transaction very slow. This
could be the result of the DIA work processes are fully utilized. There could be also the
result of long running jobs (red indicator under the Time column). If necessary you can
cancel the session by selecting the jobs then go to Process>Cancel Without core. This will
cancel the job and release the work process for other user/process
Some users may have PRIV status under Reason column. This could be that the user
transaction is so big that it requires more memory. When this happen the DIA work
process will be 'owned' by the user and will not let other users use. If this happens, check
with the user and if possible run the job as a background job.
If there is a long print job on SPO work process, investigate the problem. It could be a
problem related to the print server or printer.

Monitoring System-wide Work Processes (SM66)

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_4.png)
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 By checking the work process SAP
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load using the global work process overview, we can quickly
Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete Tutorial with Tcodes

investigate the potential cause of a system performance problem.

Monitor the work process load on all active instances across the system

Using the Global Work Process Overview screen, we can see at a glance:

The status of each application server

The reason why it is not running
Whether it has been restarted
The CPU and request run time
The user who has logged on and the client that they logged on to
The report that is running

Monitor Application User (AL08 and SM04)

This transaction displays all the users of active instances.

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_5.png)

Monitoring Update Processes (SM13)

Execute Transaction SM13 and put '**' in the field USER and click on
(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_6.png) button.

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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_7.png)

If there are no long pending updates records or no updates are going on then this queue will
be empty as shown in the below screen shot.

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_8.png)

But, if the Update is not active then find the below information:

Is the update active, if not, was it deactivated by the system or by a user?

Click on (/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_9.png)
button and get the information.
Click on (/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_10.png) button and get the below
information:
Is any update cancelled?
Is there a long queue of pending updates older than 10 minutes?

Monitoring Lock Entries (SM12)

Execute Transaction SM12 and put '*' in the field User Name
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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_11.png)

SAP provides a locking mechanism to prevent other users from changing the record that you
are working on. In some situations, locks are not released. This could happen if the users are
cut o i.e. due to network problem before they are able to release the lock.

These old locks need to be cleared or it could prevent access or changes to the records.

We can use lock statistics to monitor the locks that are set in the system. We record only
those lock entries which are having date time stamp of the previous day.

Monitoring System Log (SM21)

We can use the log to pinpoint and rectify errors occurring in the system and its
environment.
We check the log for the previous day with the following selection/option:

Enter Date and time.

Select Radio Button Problems and Warnings
Press Reread System Log.

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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_12.png)

Tune Summary (ST02)

Step 1: Go to ST02 to check the Tune summary.

Step 2: If you see any red values, in SWAPS, double –click the same.

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_13.png)

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 Step 3: In the below screen click
26/02/2019
on the tab 'Current Parameters'
SAP Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete Tutorial with Tcodes

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_14.png)

Step 4: Note down the value and the Profile parameters

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_15.png)

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 Step 5: Go to RZ10 (to change the
26/02/2019
Profile parameter values)
SAP Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete Tutorial with Tcodes

Step 6: Save the changes.

Step 7: Restart the server to take the new changes e ect.

CPU Utilization (ST06)

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_16.png)

Idle CPU utilization rate must be 60-65%, if it exceeds the value then we must start checking
at least below things:

Run OS level commands – top and check which processes are taking most resources.
Go to SM50 or SM66. Check for any long running jobs or any long update queries being
run.
Go to SM12 and check lock entries
Go to SM13 and check Update active status.
Check for the errors in SM21.

ABAP Dumps (ST22)

Here we check for previous day's dumps

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26/02/2019 SAP Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete Tutorial with Tcodes

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_17.png)

Spool Request Monitoring (SP01)

For spool request monitoring, execute SP01 and select as below:

Put '*' in the field Created By

Click on (/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_18.png) execute button.

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_19.png)

Here we record only those requests which are terminated with problems.

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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_20.png)

Monitoring Batch Jobs (SM37)

For Monitoring background jobs, execute SM37 and select as below:

Put '*' in the field User Name and Job name

In Job status, select: Scheduled, Cancelled, Released and Finished requests.

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_21.png)

Transactional RFC Administration (SM58)

Transactional RFC (tRFC, also originally known as asynchronous RFC) is an asynchronous

communication method which executes the called function module in the RFC server only
once.
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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_22.png)

We need to select the display period for which we want to view the tRFCs and then select '*'
in the username field to view all the calls which have not be executed correctly or waiting in
the queue.

QRFC Administration (Outbound Queue-SMQ1)

We should specify the client name over here and see if there any outgoing qRFCs in waiting
or error state.

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_23.png)

QRFC Administration (Inbound Queue-SMQ2)

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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_24.png)

We should specify the client name over here and see if there any incoming qRFCs in waiting
or error state.

Database Administration (DB02)

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_25.png)

A er you select Current Sizes on the first screen we come to the below screen which shows
us the current status of all the tablespaces in the system.

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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_26.png)

If any of the tablespaces is more than 95% and the auto extent is o then we need to add a
new datafile so that the database is not full.
We can also determine the history of tablespaces.

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_27.png)

We can select Months, Weeks or Days over here to see the changes which take place in a
tablespace.
We can determine the growth of tablespace by analyzing these values.

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(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_28.png)

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_29.png)

Database Backup logs (DB12)

From this transaction, we could determine when the last successful backup of the system
was. We can review the previous day's backups and see if everything was fine or not.

We can also review the redo log files and see whether redo log backup was successful or not.

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26/02/2019 SAP Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete Tutorial with Tcodes

(/images/sap/2013/05/050913_0552_30.png)

Quick Review
Daily Monitoring Tasks

1. Critical tasks
2. SAP System
3. Database

Critical tasks

No Task Transaction Procedure / Remark

1 Log onto the R/3

Check that the R/3System is up.
System

2 Check that daily backup executed without Check database

DB12
errors backup.

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 SAP System
26/02/2019 SAP Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete Tutorial with Tcodes

No
Task Transaction Procedure / Remark

Check that all

1
application servers are SM51 Check that all servers are up.
up.

2 Check work processes All work processes with a “running” or a

SM50
(started from SM51). “waiting” status

3 Global Work Process Check no work process is running more than

SM66
overview 1800 second

Set date to one day ago

Look for any failed
3 Enter * in the user ID
updates (update SM13
Set to “all” updates Check for lines with
terminates).
“Err.”

Set date and time to before the last log

review. Check for:

4 Errors
Check system log. SM21
Warnings
Security messages
Database problems

5 Review for canceled Enter an asterisk (*) in User ID.Verify that all
SM37
jobs. critical jobs were successful.

6
Check for “old” locks. SM12 Enter an asterisk (*) for the user ID.

Review for an unknown or di erent user ID

7 Check for users on the
SM04AL08 and terminal.This task should be done
system.
several times a day.

Enter an asterisk (*) for Created ByLook for

8 Check for spool
SP01 spool jobs that have been “In process” for
problems.
over an hour.
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26/02/2019 SAP Monitoring & Performance Checks: Complete Tutorial with Tcodes
No
Task Transaction Procedure / Remark

Check for:

9
Check job log SM37 New jobs
Incorrect jobs

10 Review and resolve Look for an excessive number of dumps.

ST22
dumps. Look for dumps of an unusual nature.

11
Review bu er statistics. ST02 Look for swaps.

Database

No
Task Transaction Procedure / Remark

1 Review error log for

ST04
problems.

Database
2 If tablespace is used more than 90 % add new
GrowthMissing DB02
data file to itRebuild the Missing Indexes
Indexes

3 Database Statistics
DB13
log

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