Aptitude Test - Maths
Aptitude Test - Maths
Aptitude Test - Maths
100APTITUDE
Questions
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5. Rahul and Bharti are partners in a (c) 15000 (d) 60000
business. Rahul contributes 1/4th capital for 9. P, Q, R enter into a partnership & their
15 months and Bharti received 2/3 of profit. shares are in the ratio 1/2: 1/3: 1/4, after
For how long Bharti money was used. two months, P withdraws half of the capitals
(a) 8 months (b) 10 months & then after 10 months, a profit of Rs 378 is
(c) 11 months (d) 17 months divided among them. What is Q's share?
6. Check which among following are required (a) 144 (b) 154
to answer this questions: (c) 164 (d) none of the above
Three friends started a businesses, let their 10. A, B, C rent a pasture. A puts „X‟ oxen
names are A, B and C. What profit B will get, for 7 months, B puts 4 oxen for 5 months
if, and C puts 5 oxen for 3 months for grazing.
1. C invested Rs. 8000 for nine months; his If the rent of the pasture is Rs. 168, Find X if
profit was 3/2 times that of B's and his C pays Rs 45 as rent.
investment was four times that of A. (a) 3 (b) 2
2. A and B invested for one year in the (c) 4 (d) 5
proportion 1: 2 respectively.
3. The three together got Rs. 1000 as profit Percentage
at the year end. 1. If the price of petrol increases by 25%
(a) Only 1 and 3 (b) Only 1 and 2 and raj intends to spend only an additional
(c) All 1, 2 and 3 (d) None of above 10% on petrol, by how much % will he
7. If 4 (P's Capital) = 6 (Q‟s Capital) = 10 reduced the quantity of petrol purchased?
(R‟s Capital), then out of the total profit of (a) 10% (b) 12%
Rs 4650, R will receive (c) 8% (d) 6.67%
(a) 700 (b) 900 2. Rahul went to a shop and bought things
(c) 600 (d) 750 worth Rs.25, out of which 30 paise went to
8. A and B started a partnership business. A sales tax on taxable purchases .If the tax
invested 15000 and B invested 30000. After rate was 6%, then what was the cost of the
6 months A invested some more so that they tax free items?
divide the profit equally in the year end. How (a) Rs.20.00 (b) Rs. 17.90
much did A invest additionally? (c) Rs.19.70 (d) Rs.18.70
(a) 45000 (b) 30000
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3. Rama‟s expenditures and savings are in (c) 100 kg (d) 124 kg
the ratio 5:3. If her income increases by 8. The price of sugar having gone down by
12% and expenditure by 15%, they by how 10%,a consumer can buy 5 kg more sugar
much percent do her savings increase? for Rs.270.The difference between the
(a) 12 (b) 7 original and reduced price per kg is,
(c) 8 (d) 13 (a) 64 paise (b) 60 paise
4. The price of sugar is increased by 20%.As (c) 40 paise (d) 54 paise
a result a family has decreased its 9. The price of ghee is increased by
consumption by 20%.The expenditure of the 32%.Therefore, a family reduces its
family on sugar is decreased by consumption, so that the increment in price
(a) 0% (b) 2.5% of ghee is only 10%.If consumption of ghee
(c) 4% (d) 5% is 10kg before the increment, then what is
5. A vessel has 60L of solution of acid and the consumption now?
water having 80% acid. How much water is 1
(a) 8 kg
3
(b) 8 kg
3 4
to be added to make it solution in which acid 1 1
(c) 82 kg (d) 97 kg
forms 60%?
10. In a recent survey 30% houses
(a) 48 L (b) 24 L
contained 2 or more people. Of those houses
(c) 20 L (d) 28 L
containing only one person 15% were having
6. A candidate who scores 30% fails by 5
only a male. What is the percentage of all
marks, while another candidate who scores
houses contain exactly one female and no
40% marks gets 10 more than minimum
males?
pass marks. The minimum marks required to
(a) 60% (b) 60.5%
pass are
(c) 59% (d) 59.5%
(a) 45 (b) 60
(c) 90 (d) 50
Profit and Loss
7. A solution of salt and water contains 15%
1. A metal trader buys two kinds of copper
salt by weight. Of it, 30 kg water evaporates
foils, the ratio of their prices being 1:4. He
and the solution now contains 20% of salt.
sells the mixture at Rs.90 per kg so that he
Find the original quantity of salt.
can make a profit of 20%. If the ratio of
(a) 120 kg (b) 160 kg
their quantities present in a mixture is 6:1
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respectively, find the purchase price of the rate of 9 eggs for Rs.2. What is his
foil present in lesser quantity. percentage profit or loss?
(a) Rs. 52.5 (b) Rs. 55 (a) 10% loss (b) 11.11%loss
(c) Rs. 47.5 (d) Rs. 45 (c) 3% loss (d) 2.5% profit
2. Akram has two types of grapes. One is the 5. A merchant earns 25% profit in general.
fresh grapes containing 80% water and dry Once his 25% consignment was abducted
grapes containing 25% water. He sells 20 kg forever by some goondas. Trying to
dry grapes, by adding water to the dry compensate his loss he sold the rest amount
grapes, at cost price. What is the total profit by increasing his selling price by 20%. What
percentage when water is added in is the new percentage profit or loss?
proportion to that of fresh grapes to the 20 (a) 10% loss (b) 12.5% loss
kg of dry grapes? (c) 12.5% profit (d) 11.11% loss
(a) 275% (b) 200% 6. A milkman purchases 10 liters of milk at
(c) 80% (d) 125% Rs.7 per liter and forms a mixture by adding
3. A dishonest retailer cheats his wholesaler freely available water which constitutes
and customer both. He purchases 19% more 16.66% of the mixture. Later on he replaced
quantity from the wholesaler and sells 15% the mixture by some freely available water
less quantity while selling to his customer. and thus the ratio of milk is to water is 2:1.
What is profit percentage by selling the He then sold the new mixture at cost price of
goods at cost price? milk and replaced amount of mixture at
(a) 36.78% (b) 34% twice the cost of milk then what is the profit
(c) 40% (d) 36.85% percentage?
4. An egg seller sells his eggs only in the (a) 68% (b) 34%
packs of 3 eggs, 6 eggs, 9 eggs, 12 eggs (c) 40% (d) none of these
etc, but the rate is not necessarily uniform. 7. Profit on selling 10 candles equals selling
One day Raju (who is not the same egg price of 3 bulbs. While loss on selling 10
seller) purchased at the rate of 3 eggs for a bulbs equals selling price of 4 candles. Also
rupee and the next hour he purchased equal profit percentage equals to the loss
number of eggs at the rate of 6 eggs for a percentage and cost of a candle is half of the
rupee. Next day he sold all the eggs at the cost of a bulb. What is the ratio of selling
price of candle to the selling price of a bulb?
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(a) 5:4 (b) 3:2 increases in the ratio of 20:27. What is the
(c) 4:5 (d) 3:4 profit percentage of employees over the
8. Cost price of two motorcycles is same. previous wages?
One sold at a profit of 15% and the other for (a) 10% (b) 9.09%
Rs.4800 more than the first. If the net profit (c) 11.11% (d) none of these
is 20%. Find the cost price of each 12. A man sells an article at a profit of 40%.
motorcycle: If he had bought it at 40% less and sold for
(a) Rs.48000 (b) Rs.52000 Rs. 5 less, he would have gained 50%. Find
(c) Rs.36000 (d) Rs.42500 the cost price of the article.
9. One trader calculates the percentage of (a) Rs.10 (b) Rs.15
profit on the buying price and another (c) Rs.20 (d) Rs.30
calculates on the selling price. When their
selling prices are the same, then the Ratio Proportion and Ages
difference of their actual profits is Rs.85 and 1. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
both claim to have made 20 % profit. What Bronze is an alloy containing 80% of copper,
is the selling price of each? 4% of zinc and 16% of tin. A fused mass of
(a) Rs. 1700 (b) Rs.2100 brass and bronze is found to contain 74% of
(c) Rs. 2550 (d) Rs.2750 copper, 16% of zinc, and 10% of tin. The
10. Kamal bought a house in Sushant city, ratio of copper to zinc in Brass is:
whose sale price was Rs.8 lakh. He availed (a) 64% and 36% (b) 33% and 67%
20% discount as an early bird offer and then (c) 50% and 75% (d) 68% and 32%
10% discount due to cash payment. After 2. If Rs. 58 is divided among 150 children
that he spent 10% of the cost price in such that each girl and each boy gets 25p
interior decoration and lawn of the house. At and 50p respectively. Then how many girls
what price should he sell the house to earn a are there?
profit of 25%? (a) 52 (b) 54
(a) Rs. 9 lakh (b) Rs.7.99 lakh (c) 68 (d) 62
(c) Rs. 7.92 lakh (d) none of these 3. A person gave 2/5 part of his income to
11. In an office the number of employees his elder son and 30% part to his younger
reduces in the ratio of 3:2 and the wages son. He saved his remaining money in three
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trusts A, B and C in the ratio of 3:5:2. If ages of Tanya and her grandfather 8 years
difference between the amounts got by his ago?
both sons is Rs. 2000, how much amount he (a) 11 : 50 (b) 11: 51
saved in trust C? (c) 11: 53 (d) 11: 54
(a) Rs. 1140 (b) Rs. 1200rs 7. Ayesha's father was 38 years of age when
(c) Rs. 1256 (d) Rs. 1300 she was born while her mother was 36 years
4. The ratio of female population of two old when her brother four years younger to
neighboring states A and B is 2:3. The sex her was born. What is the difference
ratios for A and B respectively are 926 and between the ages of her parents?
914 females per 1000 males. If the female (a) 2 years (b) 4 years
population of B is 33 million, what is the (c) 6 years (d) 8 years
total population of A? 8. Last time I visited a friend‟s farm near
(a) 46.28 million (b) 45.76 million Bangalore, he gave me a bag containing
(c) 44.98 million (d) 44.54 million 1000 peanuts, from which I took out 230
5. In an election each voter may vote for two peanuts for myself and gave away the bag
candidates. Half of the voters vote for A, but with the remainder of peanuts to three little
divide their votes between B, C and D in the brothers who live in my neighborhood and
ratio 3:2:1. Of the remainder, half vote for B told them to distribute the nuts among
and divide their votes between C and D in themselves in proportion of their ages which
the ratio 2: 1. Of the remainder, half vote for together amounted to 17 ½ years. Anil, Sunil
C and D and the remaining 840 do not vote and kapil, the three brothers, divided the
for anyone. How many votes were received nuts in the following manner: As often as
by A, B, C and D respectively? Anil took four, Sunil took three and as often
(a) 3360, 3360, 3080 and 1960 as Anil took six, Kapil took seven. When
(b) 3360, 3360, 1960 and 3080 were the respective ages (in years) of the
(c) 3450, 3210, 4120 and 1210 boys?
(d) 5000, 5000, 2500 and 1250 (a) 8, 4 ½, 6 (b) 6, 4 ½, 7
6. Tanya's grandfather was 8 times older to (c) 4 ½, 6, 7 (d) 4 ½, 7, 6
her 16 years ago. He would be 3 times of her 9. A factory employs skilled workers,
age 8 years from now. What was ratio of unskilled workers, and clerks in the
proportion 8: 5: 1 and the wages of skilled
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worker, unskilled worker and clerk are in the of Rs.350 and rest can be paid in 3 equal
ratio 5: 2: 3. When 20 unskilled workers are installments of Rs.400 for next 3 months.
employed, the total daily wages of all The rate of SI per annum charged by the
amount to Rs.318. Find the daily wages paid dealer is:
to each category of employees? (a) 2317
9
(b) 1723
9
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6. A person lent a certain sum of money at the rate of 10 per cent per annum at the end
4% simple interest, and in 8 years the of two years is Rs.124.05.
interest amounted to Rs.340 less than the (a) Rs.10000 (b) Rs.6000
sum lent. Find the sum lent. (c) Rs.12000 (d) Rs.8000
(a) 750 (b) 550 12. Find the least number of complete years
(c) 500 (d) 700 in which a sum of money put out at 20 per
7. The compound interest on a certain sum cent compound interest will be more than
of money for 2 years at 10% per annum is doubled.
Rs.420.The simple interest on the same sum (a) 2 years (b) 3 years
at the same rate and same time will be: (c) 4 years (d) Data inadequate
(a) 350 (b) 375 Time and Work
(c) 380 (d) 400 1. P is thrice good a workman as Q and
8. A sum of money at compound interest therefore become able to finish a job in 48
amounts to thrice itself in three years. In days less than Q. Working together, they do
how many years will it be 9 times itself? it in
(a) 4 (b) 6 (a) 18 days (b) 24 days
(c) 7 (d) 3 (c) 20 days (d) 12 days
9. The Compound interest on a certain sum 2. Kamal can do a work in 15 days. Bimal is
for 2 years is Rs.40.80 and simple interest is 50 percent more efficient than kamal doing
Rs.40.Find the rate of interest per annum the work. In how many days will Bimal do
and the sum. that the work?
(a) 4% & 500 (b) 5% & 480 (a) 14 days (b) 12 days
(c) 8% & 520 (d) 6% & 500 (c) 10 days (d) 10
1
days
2
10. Find the compound interest on Rs.3200 3. Pipe A can fill a tank in 15 minutes and
1
in 2 years, the rate of interest being 72 % for Pipe B can drain 40 liter per minute. If both
1
the first year and 122 % for the second year. the pipes are opened together, the cistern is
(a) Rs.620 (b) Rs.670 full in 45 minutes, find the capacity of the
11. The difference between the simple and (a) 600 liters (b) 750 liters
the compound interest every six months at (c) 900 liters (d) 1800 liters
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4. 12 men take 36 days to do a work while (A + B) to complete the work, while B alone
12 women complete 3/4th of the same work takes 9 days more than the time taken by (A
in 36 days. In how many days 10 men and 8 + B) to finish the work. What time, A and B
women together will complete the same together will take to finish the work?
work? (a) 9 days (b) 6 days
(a) 6 days (b) 27 days (c) 12 days (d) 10 days
(c) 12 days (d) Data inadequate 9. A wall of 100 m can be built by 7 men or
5. A and B can do a work in 45 and 40 days 10 women in 10 days. How many days will
respectively. They began the work together, 14 men and 20 women take to build a wall of
but A left after some time and B finished the 600 m?
remaining work in 23 days. After how many (a) 15 (b) 20 (c) 2 (d) 30
days did A leave? 10. 10 men and 15 women can complete the
(a) 6 days (b) 9 days work in 6 days.1 man can do the same job in
(c) 12 days (d) 10 days 100 days. In how many days 1 woman can
6. The number of days required by A, B, and do the job?
C to work individually is 6, 12 and 8 (a) 80 days (b) 125 days
respectively. They started the work doing it (c) 180 days (d) 225 days
alternatively. If A has started then followed 11. A certain number of men can do a piece
by B and so on, how many days are needed of work in 80 days. If there were 10 men
to complete the whole work? less, it could be finished in 20 days more.
(a) 8 (b) 7.5 How many men are there in the starting?
(c) 8.5 (d) 9.5 (a) 45 (b) 50 (c) 40 (d) 60
7. If 14 men and 12 boys can finish work in
4 days, while 8 men and 16 boys can finish Time and Distance
the same work in 5 days. Compare the 1 day 1. The metro services has a train going from
work of 1 man and 1 boy Mumbai to Pune and Pune to Mumbai every
(a) 2 (b) 1
1
hour, the first one at 6 a.m. The trip from
2
1
(c)
1
(d) 3 one city to other takes 4 2
hours and all
2
8. When A alone does a piece of work, he trains at the same speed. How many trains
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(a) 2/11 (b) 1/6 ways can they be arranged around the
(c) 3/11 (d) 3/15 circular table if the two brothers cannot be
2. Eleven books, consisting of five seated together?
Engineering books, four Mathematics books (a) (14!).13 (b) 14𝑝3
and two physics books, are arranged in a (c)
14!
(d) None of these
3!
shelf at random. What is the probability that
2. Seven delegates are to address a
the books of each kind are all together?
meeting. If a particular speaker is to speak
5 2
(a) (b) before another particular speaker, find the
1155 1155
(c)
3
(d)
1
number of ways in which this can be
1155 1155
committee of 6 persons is formed. What is (a) 1220 (b) 2520 (c) 3250 (d) 7826
the probability that the committee will 3. Nargis has 8 children and she takes 3 at a
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EXPLANATION 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
= + +
60 20 60
AVERAGE
5𝑑 𝑑
1. The price of the costliest and cheapest = =
50 12
computer Average speed in the whole journey
= 80 × 30000 − 78 × 29500 = 99000 2𝑑 12 𝑘𝑚
= 𝑑 = 2𝑑 × 𝑑
= 24 𝑟
Therefore the price of cheapest computer 12
Other method:-
= 99000 − 80000 = 19,000
𝑛𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑥𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠 2 Let the distance =x
2. 𝑛𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑥𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠
=1
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
Therefore number of executives = 40 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
Number of non executive employees = 20 𝑥+𝑥
= 𝑥 𝑥
𝑥 2 2
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑦 = 40 × 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑥𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 + 20 60
+ 10
+ 30
× 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑥𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 2𝑥
= 𝑥+3𝑥+𝑥
60 × 12000 = 40 × 𝑘 + 20 × 𝐿
60
∴ 𝐾, 𝐿 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛 = 24 𝑘𝑚/𝑟
So we can‟t determine the required average 5. Let the number of failed students = x
salary. then, number of passed students = 75-x
1 10𝑘𝑚
3. 𝑃 = 25% = 4 𝑋=
75 × 35 = 30𝑥 + 55 75 − 𝑥
45 9 𝑘𝑚 15 × 35 = 6𝑥 + 11 75 − 𝑥
𝑄 = 45% = = 𝑌=5
100 20 5𝑥 = 300
30 3
𝑅 = 30% = = 𝑍 = 15 𝑘𝑚/ 𝑥 = 60
100 10
1 Other method:-
𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = 𝑃
+𝑌+𝑍
𝑄 𝑅 𝑛 = 75 , 𝑎 = 35
𝑋
𝑥 = 55 , 𝑦 = 30
1
= 1 9 3
= 7.40 𝑘𝑚/𝑟 Number of students who passed
+ +
4×10 20×5 10×15
𝑛 𝑎−𝑦 75 35 − 30
4. Let distance between home & hospital = d = =
𝑥−𝑦 55 − 30
km 75 × 5
= = 15
Total distance travelled = d+d = 2d km 25
𝑑
𝑑 𝑑 Number of students failed = 60
Total time taken = 60 + 2
+ 2
10 30 6. Let the minimum score =x
Maximum score = x+100
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𝑥 + 𝑥 + 100 = 30 × 42 − 40 × 28 1 book is 60% more than other price
2𝑥 + 100 = 1260 − 1120 = 140 160𝑦
+ 𝑦 = 26
2𝑥 = 40 100
𝑦 = 10
𝑥 = 20
Substitute in (3)
Hence, the maximum score= x+100
𝑥 + 10 = 26
= 20 + 100 = 120
𝑥 = 16
7. Monday + Tuesday + Wednesday=
∴ The price of each of these two books =
300 × 3 = 900
Rs.10 & Rs.16
Thursday + Friday = 250 × 2 = 500
PARTNERSHIP
Monday to Sunday = 400 × 7 = 2800
1 1. 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 3: 5: 5
Required average = 2 2800 − 900 + 500
𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 = 12: 12: 6 = 2: 2: 1
= 700
𝐴: 𝐵: 𝐶 = 3𝑥 × 2 : 5𝑥 × 2 : 5𝑥 × 1
8. The weight of 2nd person is (150 − 3 × 5) =
= 6: 10: 5
135𝑘𝑔
2. Let B contribution is x
rd
The weight of the 3 person is = 135 − 30 = 3500 × 12 2
= =
105 𝑘𝑔 7𝑥 3
Thus the change of the 5 person 14𝑥 = 126000
= 150 − 105 = 45 𝑘𝑔 𝑥 = 9000
Now from the ratio and total profit we can C‟s share is 45
15𝑥 = 45
get share of C:
2 1 𝑥=3
= 1000 × = 333
6 3 21𝑋 + 60 + 45 = 168
7. Let P‟s capital = P 63
𝑋= =3
Q‟s capital =q 21
𝑋=3
Then4𝑝 = 6𝑞 = 10𝑟
PERCENTAGE
2𝑝
𝑞=
3 1. Let the price of 1 litre of petrol be Rs. x
2𝑝 and let Raj initially buys ‟y‟ litres of petrol.
𝑟=
5
Therefore, he would have spent Rs. xy on
2𝑝 2𝑝
𝑃: 𝑄: 𝑅 = 𝑃: : = 15: 10: 6 petrol.
3 5
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When the price of petrol increases by 25%, 110
So 80 × 100 = 88%
the new price per litre of petrol is 1.25x. 100 % − 88 % = 12% .
Raj intends to increase the amount he 2. Let the amount taxable purchase be Rs. x
spends on petrol by 10%. Then, 6% of x= 30 paise
i.e., he is willing to spend xy +10% of xy = 30
6% 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑅𝑠. 100
xy + 0.10xy =1.10 xy
30 100
𝑥 = 𝑅𝑠. ×
Let the new quantity of petrol that can get 100 6
be „q‟ = 𝑅𝑠. 5
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= 160 12 + 𝑥
= × 100 = 40
112 60 + 𝑥
𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠 12% = 160 × 100 = 179.2
1200𝑥 + 100𝑥 = 2400 + 40𝑥 = 60𝑥 = 1200
Other method:-
The quantity of water to be added = original
% 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓 .𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡
quantity of solution × 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 % 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡
20
4.20 = 60 × = 20 𝐿
𝑠𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 = × 100 = 7% 60
60
𝑥 = 20𝐿
4. 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 = 𝐶𝑃 × 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
6. Let maximum marks be x
Let take CP =100
30𝑥 40𝑥
and consumption =100 units + 5= − 10
100 100
Initial expenditure= 100 × 100 = 10000 4𝑥 3𝑥
= − = 10 + 5
120 10 10
CP increases 20% = 100 × 100
𝑥
= 15
=120 10
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𝐻𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑛𝑙𝑦 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒 = 70% −
10.5% = 59.5%
Other method:-
100 − 𝑥 100 − 𝑦
=
100
100 − 30 100 − 15
=
100
70 × 85
= = 59 . 5%
100
PROFIT AND LOSS
1. In 1kg of mixture,
6
Foil of 1st kind = 7 𝑘𝑔
1
2nd kind = 7 𝑘𝑔
𝑥
Let price of 1st kind = 𝑅𝑠 𝑘𝑔
90×100
grapes, Akram requires 55 kg water with 20
Cost price of mixture = = 75
120 kg of dry grapes.
6𝑥 4𝑥 10𝑥 55
+ = = 75 So, the profit % = × 100 = 275%
7 7 7 20
4 → 20 𝑘𝑔
3 → 15 𝑘𝑔
4𝑥 − 75 6 1 → 5 𝑘𝑔
= 5+𝑥 4
75 − 𝑥 1 So, 15
=1
𝑥 = 52.5
𝑥 = 55 𝑘𝑔
2.
20 𝑘𝑔 → 100%
55𝑘𝑔 → ?
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= 275% Given:
3. From the statement it is clear that he c.p s.p
purchases 119 g instead of 100g & he sells (100 → 125) 100% S.P is 125
85g instead of whole transaction 120 → ? 120% S.P is 150
He saves 19 + 15 = 34 𝑔 150
Thus the profit 100 → 75
𝑔𝑜𝑜𝑑𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡 34 150 →?
= 𝑔𝑜𝑜𝑑𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑑
× 100 = 85
× 100 = 40%
75 × 150
Other method: 𝑥= = 112.5
100
Originally purchased =119 𝑃% = 12.5%
Cost price = Rs. 85 1
6. 16.66% = 6 = 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
85 → 100
1 5
𝑠𝑜 34 → ? 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑘 = 1 − =
6 6
= 40% 10 𝑥 2
1− = 𝑥= 2.4
1 12 12 3
4. CP of one egg (in 1st case) = 3 = 33.33 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑠𝑒
Selling price = 12 × 1 + 2.4 × 2 = 16.8
nd 1
CP of one egg (in 2 case) = = 16.66 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑠𝑒
6 Cost price = 10 × 1 = 10
33.33+16.66
Average CP of one egg = = 25 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑠𝑒 16.8 − 10 6.8
2 × 100 = × 100 = 68%
10 10
SP of one egg = 200/9
7. Candle bulb
200
25 −
CP − SP = 9
× 100 = 11.11% 𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 CP a c
25
SP b d
5. Let the CP of one article = Rs.1
and c= 2a
Then SP = Rs. 1.25
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 = 10 𝑏 − 𝑎 = 3𝑑
Again the new SP = 1.25 × 1.2 = 1.5
𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 10 𝑐 − 𝑑 = 4𝑏
Now, if he sells initially 100 articles, then
3𝑑
𝐶𝑃 = 100 × 1 = 𝑅𝑠. 100 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 % = × 100
10𝑎
𝑆𝑃 = 100 × 1.25 = 𝑅𝑠. 125 4𝑏
𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠 % = × 100
New 𝑆𝑃 = 75 × 1.5 = 112.5 10𝑐
3𝑑 4𝑏
𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 % = 12.5% 𝑎𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛 × 100 = × 100
10𝑎 10𝑐
Other method: 3𝑑 4𝑏 3𝑑 4𝑏
= = =
𝐶𝑃 = 100 𝑎 𝑐 𝑎 2𝑎
𝑆𝑃 = 125
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𝑏 3 = 1.25 × 79.2
=
𝑑 2 𝑆𝑃 = 99
8. Net profit = 20
Initially MP= 100 = 800000
So
Final sale price = 99 = 792000
15 + 𝑥
= 20 Other method:
2
200
𝑥 = 25% −20 − 10 + = 28
100
25 − 15 = 10
∴ 𝐶𝑃 = 72 → 100
10 = 4800
110 → ?
100= 48000
79.2
Other method:
100 → 79.2
Let the CP of each motor cycle be Rs. x ,
125 →? → 99
then
100 → 8 𝑙𝑎𝑘
2 1.15𝑥 + 4800 = 2 1.2𝑥
99 → ? → 7.92 𝐿
2.30𝑥 + 4800 = 2.4𝑥
11. 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑤𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑠 = 𝑁𝑜 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑒𝑠 ×
0.10𝑥 = 4800
𝑤𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑒
𝑥 = 48000
60𝑥𝑦 = 3𝑥 × 20𝑦
9. 𝑆𝑃1 = 𝑆𝑃2
54𝑥𝑦 = 24 × 27𝑦
20 20
𝑆𝑃 × − 𝐶𝑃 × = 85 60 − 54
100 100 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 % = × 100
60
120
𝐶𝑃 × = 𝑆𝑃 = 10%
100
20 100 20 Other method:
𝑆𝑃 × − 𝑆𝑃 × × = 85
100 120 100 Previous = 3 members
20 100 Wages = 3 × 20 = 60
𝑆𝑃 × 1− = 85
100 120
After reduction, 2 members
𝑆𝑃 = 85 × 30
𝑤𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑠 = 27
𝑆𝑃 = 2550
2 × 27 = 54
10.
60−54 6
× 100 = 60 × 100 = 60%
MP CP TOTAL CP 60
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7𝑥 Other method:
= 𝑅𝑠.
5
Brass Bronze
60𝑥 3𝑥
𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝐶𝑃 = 60% 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 = = 0% 16%
100 5
𝐺𝑎𝑖𝑛 = 50%
3𝑥 10%
𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝑆𝑃 = 150% 𝑜𝑓
5
150 3𝑥 9𝑥
= × = 6 10
100 55 10
According to question = 3:5
7𝑥 9𝑥 14𝑥 − 9𝑥 % of copper in brass
− =5 → =5
5 10 10 𝑥 80
5𝑥 1
=5 → 𝑥=5
10 2
74
𝑥 = 𝑅𝑠. 10
Other method:
3 5
Let 𝐶𝑃 = 𝑅𝑠. 100 𝑡𝑒𝑛 𝑆𝑃 = 140
150 𝑥 = 64%
𝑁𝑒𝑤 𝐶𝑃 = 𝑅𝑠. 60 & 𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝑆𝑃 = 60 × = 𝑅𝑠. 90
100 So zinc = 36%
𝑅𝑠 140 − 90 = 𝑅𝑠. 50 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑅𝑠. 5 2. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 150
100𝑅𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑅𝑠. 10 0.25𝑥 + 0.5𝑦 = 58
𝐶𝑃 = 10 𝑅𝑠 by solving, we get
𝑥 = 68, 𝑦 = 82
RATIO PROPORTION AND AGES Other method
1. Initial composition 25 p is ¼ of a Rs. 1
C: Z: T = 80: 4: 16 So option will be a 4th table multiples68 & 52
Final C: Z: T = 74: 16: 10 So from here we get 2 options only
Tin to be reduced from 16% to 10% Take 68
Copper % in brass= 68 girls. Hence 82 boys
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 ×𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 % − 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 ×𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟
16−10
Amt with girls = 68 × 0.25 = 17
16 × 74 − 10 × 80 Amt with boys = 82 × 0.5 = 41
= = 64%
16 − 10 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡 = 17 + 41 = 58
Zinc % in brass = 36% 3. Let the person have Rs. x
Ratio of C: Z = 64: 36 2𝑥
Share of elder son = 𝑅𝑠. 5
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Share of younger son = 𝑅𝑠.
3𝑥
Let us track for D alone
10
2𝑥 3𝑥 𝐴 𝑣𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑠
According to the question, − 10 = 2000 = 3360
5 𝑎𝑙𝑓 𝑜𝑓 6720
𝑥 = 20000 = 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 3: 2: 1
2𝑥 3𝑥
Remaining amt saved in trusts = 1 − 5
+ 10
B: C: D
3360
7𝑥 3𝑥 3 × 20000 D‟s share = = 560 … … … … … (1)
=1− = = = 6000 6
10 10 10 3360
B votes = = 1680 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2: 1
Given that A: B: C = 3:5:2 2
Male population of A =
1000
× 22𝑚 6. Let Tanya age 16 yrs ago =x
926
Grandfather‟s age 16 yrs ago = 8x
Total population of A
1000 8 yrs from now, 3 𝑥 + 16 + 8 = 8𝑥 + 16 + 8
= 22 1 + = 45.76 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑜𝑛
926 48
1 𝑥=
5. 12 2 % 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑜𝑡𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒 = 840 5
8 yrs ago ratio was:
So 100% is 840 × 8 = 6720
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𝑥+8
48
+8 8. Let A, S and K respectively be the nuts
5
=
8𝑥 + 8 8𝑥 + 48 + 8 that Anil, Sunil and Kapil gets
5
88 11 Their ages are mA, mS and mK respectively
=
424 53 Given that
Other method: 𝐴 4 𝐴 6
= 𝑎𝑛𝑑 =
Tanya 𝑠 3 𝐾 7
𝐴 𝑠 𝑘 17.5 1
Grandfather = = = =
12 9 14 35 2
Past 16 years = 1 8
Their ages will be respectively 6 years, 4.5
= 7 difference: so multiply by 2
years and 7 years.
Other method:
After 8 years = 1 3
Working back from the options, quickly add
= 2 difference: multiply by 3
all the ages in each option.
T GF
Option (1) gets ruled out. Check the ratio
2 16
Anil: Sunil = 4:3 you get option (2) as your
Diff 5 5
answer.
7 21
This 5 → 24 (16years ago +8 years now)
9. Skilled: unskilled: clerks
1 → 4.8
8 : 5 : 1
16 years ago T GF
Wages = 5 : 2 : 3
2 × 4.8 16 × 4.8
Hence the amount must be paid in the ratio
9.6 ∶ 76.8
8×5 ∶5×2∶1×3
Asked 8 years ago
= 40: 10: 3
So add 8
Sum of the ratios = 40 + 10 + 3 = 53
17.6 ∶ 84.8
If total = 53, then skilled workers get Rs. 40
Now solving, we get = 11:53
If total = 318, the skilled workers get = Rs
7. Mother‟s age when Ayesha‟s brother was 40
× 318
53
born = 36 years
= 240 𝑅𝑠 … … … … … … … … (1)
Father‟s age when Ayesha‟s brother was
Unskilled workers get
born = 38+4 = 42 years
10
× 318 = 𝑅𝑠. 60 … … … … … … … (2)
Required difference = 42 − 36 = 6 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 53
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Clerks get = 1728000
3 3 3
= 53 × 318 = 𝑅𝑠. 18 … … … … … … … … … … (3) Worth of car after 3 years = 16L × 4
So answer = 240, 60, 18 = Rs 675000
Difference = 1728000 – 675000 = 1053000
10. Present age of Denis = 5 years
Present age of Rahul = 5-2 = 3 years 4) Sum = 𝑥
Let present age of Ajay = x Org. rate = 𝑦%
𝑥−6
Then 18
= 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑎𝑢𝑙 = 3 New rate = 𝑦 + 3 %
𝑥 − 6 = 3 × 18 = 54 ; 𝑥 = 54 + 6 = 60 𝑥 𝑦+3 ×2 𝑥 𝑦 ×2
− = 300
100 100
𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 = 15000 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 5000
SIMPLE INTERERST AND COMPOUND
Shortcut:
INTEREST
𝐴×100
Formula: 𝑆 =
1) Rate of interest = 16% per annum 𝑡×𝑥
300×100
Actual rate of interest = 4% per quarterly Sum = = 5000
2×3
25
Principle of all 3 installments = 17576 [ 26
+
𝑃×𝑟×4
25 25 3 5) SI for 4 yrs = = 300
(26)2 + 26
) 100
6
46000 + 115𝑟 400 × 3𝑟 = 300 1 + 4
= 1200 + 4
40 1200
= 300 × 7
80
𝑟= = 26.66% = 2100
3
12)
2) Kamal can do the work in 15 days
𝑡
20
𝑃 1+ > 2𝑃 The efficiency of Bimal: Kamal
100
𝑡 (In terms of work) 150: 100
6
>2
5 (So, in time) 100: 150
By trial, 2: 3
6 6 6 6 10 days: 15 days
× × × >2
5 5 5 5
So Bimal finished it in 10 days
Required time is 4 years.
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3 1
So, 8 women work = 4 × 8 = 6 men Efficiency of A = 6
𝑋 100% =16.66%
= 9 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
8) Here, a = 16 and b = 9
Required time = 𝑎𝑏
2×6×12×8 6
6) A, B, C together work = =
12×6+12×8+8×6 16 = 16 × 9
6
In 3 days 16
completed = 12 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
In 6 days
12
𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑑 9) 7 men = 10 women
16
10
4 1 1 men = women
Remaining 16
= 4
7
10
Then alternate work start by A, 14 men + 20 women = 14 × 7
+ 20
1
=4 − 6 = 12
1 1 = 40 𝑤𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛
𝑀1 𝐷1 𝑀2 𝐷2
Then B complete the remaining work = 𝐵𝑦, =
𝑊1 𝑊2
1
12
𝑋 12 = 1 day 10 × 10 40 × 𝐷2
=
600 600
Total number of days = 6+1+1=8
𝐷2 = 15 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
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10) 10 men + 15 women = 6 days Therefore, you would be able to meet the
60 men + 90 women = 1 day train which left Mumbai from 8 p.m to 4 p.m
1 man do in 100 days, so 100 men do in 1 (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 1, 2, 3, 4) = Total no of 9
day trains
60 men + 90 women = 100 men (∴ Note: Trains left Mumbai at 6 a.m, 7 a.m
90 women = 40 men reach Pune at 10.30 a.m, 11.30 a.m
1 woman = men
4
respectively)
9
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10 5
∴ 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 𝐴𝑣𝑔. 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 × 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 ×10− ×9 55
Speed of train = 9 9
10−9
= 9
m/s
(It is To and Fro distance) => Distance
504 65
Speed of train = 22 km/hr
= 25
× 12 = 109.2 𝐾𝑚 10 5
− 10×9
109.2 Length of train = 9 9
10−9
= 50 𝑚
∴ 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒 = = 54.6 𝐾𝑚
2
4) Total time = 6 hours
6) Distance = 𝑣 × 𝑡
Distance = 48 km
𝑣 − 𝑡 𝑡 + 1 = 𝑣𝑡 = 120 𝑘𝑚
Let „𝑥′ is speed of boat in still water 𝑣𝑡 − 4𝑡 + 𝑣 − 4 = 𝑣𝑡
𝐷 𝐷
+ =6 𝑣 − 4𝑡 = 4
𝑥+6 𝑥−6
120
2𝑥 − 4𝑡 = 4
48 2 =6 𝑡
𝑥 − 36
120 − 4𝑡 2 = 4𝑡
𝑥 2 − 16𝑥 − 36 = 0
4𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 − 120 = 0
𝑥 = 18, −2
𝑡 2 + 𝑡 − 30 = 0
Speed of boat in still water = 18 Km/hr
𝑡 = 5, −6 => 𝑡 = 5 𝑟𝑠
120
𝑣= = 24 Km/hr
5) Let speed of train as ′𝑥′ km/hr 5
𝑀1 = 2 Km/hr =
5
m/s time.
9
10 So let we take 5 × 24 = 120
𝑀2 = 4 Km/hr = 9
m/s
6 × 20 = 120
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Therefore the initial speed is 24 km/hr. 2𝜋𝑟 = 800 𝑚
𝜋𝑟 = 400𝑚
400
7) Two trains move towards each other Time for first meet => Time taken = = 5𝑠
80
(opposite) 10) Speed of boat in still water = 48 m/min
Relative speed = 20 + 30 = 50 km/hr Distance = 200 m
Time taken to cross each other Time 𝑡1 − 𝑡2 = 10 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑠
200+200
= 5 m/s 200 200
50× − = 10
18
48 − 𝑣 48 + 𝑣
400×18
Time = 250
= 28.8 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑣 2 + 40𝑣 − 482 = 0
𝑣 = 32, −72
8) Speed of current 𝑣 = 32 m/min
On solving 5𝑥 = 80
𝑚 125 𝑚
𝑥 = 16 𝑘𝑚 12) Speed of two persons = 30 𝑠
𝑎𝑛𝑑 6 𝑠
60 km 10! × 2! 2
=
11! 11
𝑘𝑚
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 → 120 2) 𝑃 =
5!×4!×2! 3!
𝑟 11!
24 × 2 × 6 1
= =
P K 11 × 10 × 9 × 8 × 7 × 6 1155
3) Method 1:
4𝐶2 × 7𝐶4 5
=
11𝐶6 11
In 18 hrs = distance = 2160
Method 2:
2160 360
=3+ 7 6 5 4 4 3
600 600 6𝐶2 × × × × × ×
11 10 9 8 7 6
Therefore 360 km away from K
5
=
11
15)
𝑥
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝐴 = 4 𝑘𝑚/𝑟 4) There are 6 multiples of three within 20
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6 Now since half of the total cases in which A
𝑃 𝐴 =
20
speaks before B
There are 5 multiples of 4 within 20
(Similarly in half of the total cases B speaks
5
𝑃 𝐵 =
20 before A)
1
Only 12 has both 3 and 4 factors Reqd. no. of ways = × 7! = 2520
2
1
𝑃 𝐴∩𝐵 =
20
3) Reqd. no. of times = No. of selections of 3
1
𝑃 𝐴∪𝐵 =𝑃 𝐴 +𝑃 𝐵 −𝑃 𝐴∩𝐵 = children taking at a time = 8𝐶3 = 56
2
5) The word “ASSISTANT” contains 2→ 4) We should place the coloured ball with
𝐴′ 𝑠, 1 → 𝐼, 1 → 𝑁, 3 → 𝑆, 2 → 𝑇 their respective coloured box or else it will
The word “STATISTICS” contains 1 → 𝐴, 1 → mismatch
𝐶, 2 → 𝐼, 3 → 𝑆 𝐴𝑁𝐷 3 → 𝑇
Total number of ways of choosing one letter 5) Total no. of permutation = 8! = 40320
from each word No. of permutation when LURY occurs = (8-
= 9𝐶1 × 10𝐶1 = 90 4+1)! = 5! = 120
Way of same letter from both No. of permutation when MINA occurs = 5!
= 2𝐶1 . 1𝐶1 + 1𝐶1 . 2𝐶1 + 3𝐶1 . 3𝐶1 + 2𝐶1 . 3𝐶1 = 19 = 120
19 No. of permutation when LURY & MINA
𝑃=
90
occurs = 3! = 6
PERMUTATION
Required no. of permutations = 40320 –
1) Total no of ways of arranging 16 people =
(120+120) +6 = 40086
15! Ways
No. of ways in which 2 brothers together =
14! × 2
No. of ways in which 2 brothers never
ANSWER KEY
together = 15! – 14!× 2 = 14! (13)
Average
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (c)
2) Total no. of ways = 7!
8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (c)
Let A to speak before B
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1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b)
8.(a) 9. (a) 10. (a)
Percentage
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (a)
8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (d)
Ratio proportion and ages
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (c)
8. (b) 9. (a) 10. ( b)
Profit and loss
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (b)
8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (c) 11. (a) 12. (a)
SIMPLE INTEREST AND COMPOUND
INTEREST
1.(b) 2.(d) 3.(b) 4.(b) 5.(d) 6.(c) 7.(d) 8.(d)
9.(a) 10.(b) 11.(d) 12.(c)
TIME AND WORK
1.(a) 2.(c) 3.(c) 4.(b) 5.(b) 6.(a) 7.(a) 8.(c)
9.(a) 10.(d) 11.(b)
TIME AND DISTANCE
1.(c) 2.(c) 3.(a) 4.(a) 5.(a) 6.(c) 7.(b) 8.(c)
9.(a) 10.(d) 11.(b) 12.(d) 13.(d) 14.(a)
15.(b)
PROBABILITY
1. (a) 2.(d) 3.(a) 4.(a) 5.(c)
PERMUTATION
1. (a) 2.(b) 3.(a) 4.(d) 5.(c)
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