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Employability Skills

Study Material-Oct 2023

Quantitative Aptitude : UNIT 1
Chapter1: Series
Find the next number/s, or missing numbers in the following series
1. 5,9,13.17,__ __ __ (21,25,29)
2. 27,21,15,9 __ __ __ (3,-3,-9)
3. 3,6,12,24,__ __ __ (48,96)
4. 8,27,64 __ __ (53= 125,63=216)
5. 4,6,9,13.18 __ __ __ (24,31,39)
6. 7,9,13,19,27 __ __ __(37, 49, 63)
3 5 7 9 11 13 15
7. , , , , __ __ __ ( , , )
4 7 10 13 16 19 22
11 8 5 2 −1
8. , , , − − −( , )
4 9 16 25 36

9. 89,80,72,65,59, __,50 (54)

10. 2,7,14,23,34, --,62 (47)
(𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 5,7,9,11,13,15 ….)
11. 6,12,24,48,--,192 (96)
12. 2,3,7,16,32,57,93,--,206(142)
(1,4,9,16,25,….added)
13. 5,6,14,23,87,112,328,--,889(377)
(1,8,9,64,25,216,added=1^3,2^2,3^3,4^2…..)
14. 3,4,6,9,14,21,32,--,62,81(45)
(1,2,3,5,7,11,13….primes are added)
15. 2,3,7,16,41,90,--,380,669(211)
(1,4,9,25,49,121,169 are added,which are prime no squares ,from 2 nd term.)
 Chapter2: Number System
1. In the number 257368 the face value of 7 and place value of 7 is
a)7 and 7000 b)7000 and 7 c)7 and 1000 d)1000 and 7 (Ans a)
2. The sum of the place value and face value of 3 in 63897 is
a)3000 b)1003 c)3003 d)3300 (Ans C)
3. Without Actual Division,find which of the following numbers are divisible
by 2,3,4,7,9,10,11
36324,2211,87120,473312 (Ans 36324 )
4. The last digit in 52023 is
a)5 b)10 c)0 d)3 (Ans 5)
5. If the number 197M5462 is divisible by 9 then value of M is
a)2 b)3 c)1 d)4 (Ans a)
6. If the number 245678N is divisible by 11, then the value of N is
a)4 b)3 c) 8 d)5 (Ans a)
7. If the number 62684PQ is divisible by 8 and 5 then value of P and Q are
a)3 and 0 b)8 and 0 c)5 and 0 d)0 and 5 (Ans b)
8. Find the least number to be subtracted from 1000 so that the new
number is divisible by 23 (Ans:11)
9. What is the least number to be added to 1200 so that the number is
divisible by 17 (Ans:7)
10.What is the value of M and N if M39048458N is divisible by 8 and 11
(n=4,M=6)
11.A number which divides 899 leaves the remainder 63 .Find the remainder
when it is divided by 29(Ans 5)
12.A certain number when divided by 3 and 5 leaves the remainder 1 and
2.Find the remainder when the same number is divided by 15 (Ans 7)
13.Difference of two numbers is 11 and one-fifth of their sum is 9 Find the
numbers (28,17)
14.Sum of two numbers is 15 and sum of their squares is 113 .Find the
numbers
a)9 and 6 b)7 and 8 c)10 and 5 d)10 and 13 (Ans b)
15.When three numbers are added in pairs , the sums equal to 10,19 and 21
find the numbers ( Ans 6,4,15)
Chapter 3 : L CM And HCF
1. Find HCF of 140 and 200 (Ans 20)
2. Find HCF of 324,630 and 342 (Ans 18)
3. Find LCM of 12 and 20 (ans 60)
4. Find LCM of 14,56,91 and 84 (Ans 2184)
1 6 1
5. Find HCF and LCM of 4 , ,10 Ans 1 ½,63)
2 2 2

6. Find HCF and LCM of 0.6,9.6,0.36 (Ans 0.12,144)

2 8 16 10
7. Find HCF and LCM of , , , (2/81,80/3)
3 9 81 27

8. Two numbers are in the ratio 15:11. If their HCF is 13, find the numbers
(Ans: 15 × 13 and 11 × 13)
9. Find the greatest possible length which can be used to measure exactly the
length 4m 95cm, 9m and 16m 65cm
(Ans: find lcm of 495,900,1665=45 cm )
1 2 5 3
10.Write the numbers , , , in ascending order
2 3 6 4
1 6 2 8 5 10 3 9
(Ans: LCM of (2,3,6,4) =12 = , = , = , =
2 12 3 12 6 12 4 12
1 2 3 5
Ascending order , , , )
2 3 4 6

11.Find least number exactly divisible by 12,15,20,27

(Ans: Lcm=540)
12.Find the largest number which divides by 256 and 480
(HCF of 256 and 480 Ans:32)
13.Find the smallest and largest number of three digits which is exactly
divisible by 16 and 24
 (LCM (16,24) =48 Smallest 3 digit no 100 / 48 gives r=4
Ans:96+48=144 or 48x3
Largest 3 digit number =999 , 48x20=960 Ans 960 is largest such no )
14.Product of Two numbers is 300 .Their LCM is 60.Find HCF
(300/60 =5=HCF)
15.HCF and LCM of two numbers are 3 and 60. One number is 12. Find the
other number.(Ans 15)
Chapter 4 :Squares and Square Roots
1. Find the square root of 196,6084,1521,106276 (14, 78, 39,326,)
2. Find the square root of 151 (12.28)
3. Find the square root of 679 (26.05)
4. Find the square root of √2.56 (1.6)
5. Find the smallest number by which 396 must be multiplied so that product
becomes a perfect square
(396 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 11 𝐴𝑛𝑠: 11)
6. Find the smallest number by which 6300 be divided so that quotient is a
perfect square
(6300 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 7 𝐴𝑛𝑠: 7)
7. What is the number to be subtracted from 1230 to get a perfect square?
(𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡, 𝑖𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑏𝑒𝑡 35 𝑎𝑛𝑑 36. 𝐴𝑛𝑑 352 = 35 × 35 = 1225 ,So
subtract 5 from 1230)
8. √2 is
a) 1.41 b) 1.42 c)1.43 d)1.47 (Ans a)
9. √3 up to 3 decimal places is a)1.731 b)1.732 c)1.735 d)1.723 (Ans b)
10.Find the least square number which is exactly divisible by 10,12,15 and 18
(Lcm(10,12,15,18)=180=2× 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 Multiply by 5, it becomes a
square Ans:180× 5 = 900)
11.Find the greatest number of four digits which is a perfect square
(Greatest four digit number= 9999 √9999 = 99. − r=198
Required number=9999-198=9801)
12.Find the smallest number that must be added to 1780 to make it a perfect
square
(√1780 = 42.-- Next number 432=1849 1849-1780=69)
13.Find the least number to be subtracted from 300 to make it perfect square
(289=172 Ans:11)
36
14.11.Solve for x if √ =2x (¾)
16

0.0289
15.. Simplify √ (Ans :15.45)
0.000121
Chapter 5 :CUBE AND CUBE ROOTS
1. Find cube root of 343 and 2744
(343=7× 7 × 7 Ans:7)
(2744= 2× 2 × 2 × 7 × 7 × 7 Ans:2× 7 = 14)
2. Find cube of 33
( (a+b)3=a3+b3+3ab(a+b)
333=(30+3)3=303+33+3× 30 × 3(30 + 3)=35937 )
3. Find the cube root of 9261, 74088 and 658503
(N=9261 Group into 3 digits from right to left (9) (261) So cube root is 2-
digit number LR
Unit digit 1=R Tenth place:23<9<33 L=2 Ans:21)
( Note: cube of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 ends with 1,8,7,4,5,6,3,2,9 respectively)
N =(74) (088) last digit 8,cube root =2 so R=2
43<74<53 L=4 Ans:42
N=(658) (503) R=7
8^3= 512<658<729 =9^3 L=8 Ans:87)
4. Find the cube root of 2.744
(2744= (2) (744) last digit=4,cube root last digit =4 so R=4
3
13<2<23 L=1 Ans:14 √2.744 = 1.4)
5. Find least number to be multiplied to 4320 to obtain a number which is a
perfect cube
( 4320=23× 33 × 22 × 5 Ans:2× 52 = 50 )
6. Which of the following is a cube
a)529 b)1000 c)625 d)196 (Ans b)
7. Smallest number to be multiplied to 3600 to get a perfect cube is
a) 50 b)60 c)40 d)100 ( Ansb)
3 3
8. Simplify √0.008 + √0.125 (0.7)
3
9. Simplify √0.000125 (0.05)
3
10.Simplify √0.000000064 (0.008)
3 0.008
11.Simplify √ is a) 4 b)2 c)2 d)1 (Ans C )
0.001

3 3 3
12. √27 + √0.027 + √0.000027 is 𝑎)3 𝑏)3.3 𝑐)3.33 𝑑)3.303 (Ans C)

13.Which of the following is not a cube

a) 216 b) 256 c) 343 d) 729 Ans (b)

14.. Solve the Equation x3 +8 =0 (Ans -2)

15 A cube root of -512 is

a) 8 b) 9 c) 4 d) -8 (Ans d)
CHAPTER 6 : SURDS and INDICES
1. Simplify : 10007 × 105 ( Ans 1026 )
2. Simplify 525 ÷ 1258 (Ans 5)
4
3. Simplify √3𝑥 + 1 = 2 find x (x=5)

4. Simplify ((√2)3)4 (Ans 8)

5. Simplify ((√64)3 )2 (Ans 16)
2 3
6. Simplify √ √27 (Ans 3)
7. Simplify ( 3)2)3 ÷ (√3)4 (Ans 81)
3 4
8. Simplify √ √5 (Ans 51/12 )

3 3 3 125
9. Simplify( √27)2 + √642 + √ (Ans : 105/4)
64

4 3 5
10.Express √2 √3 √4 as surds of same orders
( Lcm of 4,3,5=60
4 60 3 60 5 60
√2 = √215 √3 = √320 √4 = √412 )

11. Find 𝑥 𝑖𝑓 (√(0.0009 )3 =x (Ans 0.000027)

32.4 3
12..Find x if √ = √8 (Ans 8.1)
𝑥

13.. Evaluate √248 + √51 + √169 (Ans 16)

14 Find x if 2x .2x-1 = 32 (Ans x-=3)

210 𝑋35 𝑋52

15.Find the value of (Ans 2)
25𝑋243𝑋512
 Chapter 7 : CLOCK and CALENDAR
PROBLEMS

1. An accurate clock shows 8 o'clock in the morning. Through how may

degrees will the hour hand rotate when the clock shows 2 o'clock in the
afternoon?
a) 144° b) 150° c) 168° d) 180° (Ans
d)

360°
Solution: Angle traced by the hour hand in 6 hours = x 6 hours=180°
12

2. The angle between the minute hand and the hour hand of a clock when the
time is 4.20, is:
a) 0° b) 10° c) 5° d) 20°
(Ans b)

Solution: Angle= 30°H- 5.5°M

= (30°x4) - (5.5°x20).
= 120°-110°.
= 10 °
(Since the minute hand gains 6° in a minute and the hour hand gains 0.5° in a
minute and ultimately the minute hand gains 5.5° (i.e. 6°-0.5°) over hour
hand in a minute)

3. At what time between 5 & 6 will the hands of a clock coincide

 𝟑 𝟔
a) 27 min past 5 b) 26 min past 5 c) 27 min past 5 d) 27 min
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏

past 5 (Ans a)

Solution: at 5 O’ clock the hands are 25 minutes apart. Clearly the minute hand
must gain 25 minutes over hour hand to be coincident.
But the minute hand gains 55 minutes in 60 minutes over hour hand.
Let us assume that minute hand gains 25 minutes in x minutes
55 60
Then =
25 𝑥

25×60 300 𝟑
x= = = 27
55 11 𝟏𝟏

(the minute hand moves 60 min divisions in an hour and the hour hand moves 5
min divisions in an hour. Hence the minute hand gains 55 minutes (i.e. 60-5) in an
hour over the hour hand)

4. At what time between 4 and 5 o'clock will the hands of a watch point in
opposite directions?
𝟒 𝟔
a) 45 min. past 4 b) 40 min. past 4 c) 50 min. past 4 d) 54 min. past
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏

4 (Ans d)
Solution: At 4 o'clock, the hands of the watch are 20 min. spaces apart.
To be in opposite directions, they must be 30 min. spaces apart.
Minute hand will have to gain 50 min. spaces. (20+30)
55 min. spaces are gained in 60 min.
Let us assume that minute hand gains 50 min. spaces in x minutes
 55 60
Then =
50 𝑥

50×60 600 𝟔
x= = = 54
55 11 𝟏𝟏
𝟔
i.e. 54 min. past 4
𝟏𝟏

5. How many times do the hands of a clock coincide in a day?

a) 20 b) 21 c) 22 d) 24
(Ans C )

Solution: The hands of a clock coincide 11 times in every 12 hours (Since between
11 and 1, they coincide only once, i.e., at 12 o'clock). So, 22 times a day.

6. At what time between 5.30 and 6 will the hands of a clock be at right
angles?
𝟓 𝟕
a) 40 min. past 5 b) 45 min. past 5 c) 43 min. past 5 d) 4𝟑 min.
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏

past 5
At 5 o'clock, the hands are 25 min. spaces apart.
To be at right angles and that too between 5.30 and 6, the minute hand has to
gain (25 + 15) = 40 min. spaces.
55 min. spaces are gained in 60 min.
Let us assume that minute hand gains 40 min. spaces in x minutes
55 60
Then =
40 𝑥
 40×60 480 𝟕
x= = = 43
55 11 𝟏𝟏
𝟕
i.e. 43 min. past 5 (Ans d)
𝟏𝟏

7.Which of the following is a leap year?

a) 1998 b)2002 c)2004 d)2014 (Ans d)
Solution: 2004 is a leap year because it is completely divisible by 4

8.If Vivekananda Jayanthi in 2018 was on Friday ,then Vivekananda Jayanthi

in 2019 and 2024 falls on
a) Saturday, Friday b) Sunday,Friday c) Thursday,Saturday d)
Saturday,Thursday ( Ans a)

Solution: 2018 is a general year and a general year consists of 365 days (52
complete weeks and 1 odd day)
January 1st 2018= Friday
January 1st 2019= Saturday, 2020 :Sunday,2021:Tuesday,2022 Wed,2023
:thu.2024 Friday
.
9..What was the day of the week on 15 th Aug 1947 ?
a) Thursday b) Friday c) Saturday d) Sunday ( Ans b)

Solution: 28 May, 2006 = (1946 years + Period from 1.1.1947 to 15.08.1947)

1946=1600+300+46
Odd days in 1600 years = 0
Odd days in 300 years = 1
46 years = (35 ordinary years + 11 leap year) = (35 x 1 + 11 x 2) 57 odd days

Jan. to Aug 15 th (31 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 31 +30+31=15 ) = 227 days

Total odd days =1+57+227=285

285 days = (40 weeks + 5 day) 5 odd days.

Given day is Friday .

10. Today is Sunday. After 65 days it will be:

a) Sunday b) Monday c) Tuesday d) Wednesday
(Ans C )
Solution: Each day of the week is repeated after 7 days.
So, after 63 days, it will be Sunday.
After 65 days, it will be Tuesday.
(65÷7= 9 complete weeks and 2 odd days)

11.If 6th April 2023 falls on Thursday then day the of the week falls on 11 th Dec
2023 is
a) Monday b) Tuesday c) Wednesday d) Friday (Ans a)
Solution:

April, May, June, July, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov and Dec
(24+31+30+31+31+30+31+30+11)= 249 days

There are 249 days. If 249 is divided by 7 we get 35 complete weeks and 4 odd
days.

So, December 11th 2023= Thursday+ 4 days = Monday

 12.What was the day of the week on 17th June, 1998?
a) Monday b) Tuesday c) Wednesday d) Thursday
(Ans C )
Solution: 17th June, 1998 = (1997 years + Period from 1.1.1998 to 17.6.1998)
Odd days in 1600 years = 0
Odd days in 300 years = (5 x 3) 1
97 years has 24 leap years + 73 ordinary years.
Number of odd days in 97 years ( 24 x 2 + 73) = 121 = 2 odd days.

Jan. Feb. March April May June (31 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 17) = 168 days

168 days = 24 weeks = 0 odd day.

Total number of odd days = (0 + 1 + 2 + 0) = 3.
Given day is Wednesday.
13.On what dates of April, 2001 did Wednesday fall?
a) 1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd, 29th
b) 2nd, 9th, 16th, 23rd, 30th
c) 3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th
d) 4th, 11th, 18th, 25th (Ans d )
e) Solution: We shall find the day on 1st April, 2001.
1st April, 2001 = (2000 years + Period from 1.1.2001 to 1.4.2001)
Odd days in 1600 years = 0
Odd days in 400 years = 0
Jan. Feb. March April
(31 + 28 + 31 + 1) = 91 days 0 odd days.
Total number of odd days = (0 + 0 + 0) = 0
On 1st April, 2001 it was Sunday.
In April, 2001 Wednesday falls on 4th, 11th, 18th and 25th
14.) For Certain month,the dates of three Sundays are even numbers.What day
is 15 th of that month ?
a) Thursday. b) Friday c ) Saturday d ) Sunday (Ans C )
Solution: The only Possible dates with 3 even numbers are 2,9,16,23,30. So 16
th is Sunday, 15 th Saturday)
15. .Calender for Which Pairs of year are same in the following ?

a) 2001 and 2008 b) 2002 and 2008

c) 2003 and 2010 d) 2004 and 2011 (Ans b )

Chapter 8 : ALGEBRA
1) If 7x-5=4x+11 then x is
3 1 1 16
a) b)5 c) 5 d) (Ans C ))
16 2 3 11

𝟒 𝟑
2) If - = 5 then x is
𝒙 𝟐𝒙
1
a)2 b) c)20 d)50 (Ans b )
2

3) Sum of digits of a two digit number is 16. If the number formed by

reversing the digits is less than the original number by 18. The original
number is
a)79 b)88 c)97 d)None (Ans C )

4) Solve for x and y, if 4x+3y=25, x+5y=19

a)(3,4) b)(4,3) c)(2,1) d)(9,2) (Ans b)

5) What is the value of k if the system 6x-2y=3,kx-y=2 has a unique

solution?
a)3 b)2 c)1/3 d)-3 ( Ans a)

6) What is the value of k if the equations 3x+5y=10, kx+10y=20 has

infinitely many solutions?
a)6 b)2 c)9 d)12 (Ans a)

7) Which of the following is a quadratic equation:

 a)x3+2x+3=0 b)(x-1)(x+4)=x2+1 c)x4-3x+5=0 d)(2x-1)(3x-
4)=2x2+3 (Ans d)

𝟏 𝟏
8) Solve x - =1 ; then x is
𝒙 𝟐
1
a)2 b) c)x=3 d)x=5 (Ans a)
2

9) Which of the following equations has real roots?

a)3x2+4x+5=0 b)x2+x+4=0 c)(x-1)(2x-5)=0 d)2x2-
3x+4=0 (Ans c)

10) Write a quadratic equation whose roots are 1 and 2.

a)x2-3x+2=0 b)(x2+3x-2)=0 c)x2-5x+2=0
d)x2+5x-2=0 (Ans a)

11) Sum of roots of a quadratic equation is 7, product is 12. Find the

quadratic equation.
[Hint:a+b=7 ab=12, (a-b)2=(a+b)2-4ab ; a+b=7 a-b=1, So a=4,b=3]
a)x2-6x+5=0 b)x2-7x+12=0 c)x2+7x-12=0 d)x2-
12x+7=0 (Ans b)

12) Write an algebraic equation satisfying salaries of Praveen and

Pradeep. If Pradeep salary(x) is 10 less than 3 times Praveens salary(y)
a)y=3x-10 b)3x+3y=10 c)x+y=10 d)x=3y-10
(Ans d)
13) If Bhavyas age is 5 more than 2/3 rd of Kavyas age and Kavyas age
is x, then three times Bhavyas age is,
2𝑥 2𝑥
a) 2x+15 b) +5 c) -5 d)2x+5 (Ans a)
3 3

(solution : y = (2x/3) +5 find 3y

14) A fraction becomes 2/3 if 1 is added to both its numerator and

denominator. It becomes ½ if 1 is subtracted from numerator and
denominator, the number is
a) 5/3 b) 3/5 c) 1/2 d) ¾
(Ans b)

15) Sum of 2 numbers is 16, Difference is 6. Find the numbers

a) 10 and 6 b) 9 and 7 c) 11 and 5 d)13 and
7 (Ans c)
Chapter 9: PERCENTAGE
1.Express the fraction 11/12 into the percent
a) 90 % b)91 2/3 % c) 99 % d) 91 4/3 % (Ans a )
2) Ratio of the house is increased from Rs 7,000 to Rs 7,700 Express the increase
in Price as a Percentage of the original rent.
a) 7 % b)17 % c) 20 % d) 10% (Ans d )
3) The cost of a bike last year was Rs 19,000.Its cost this year is Rs 17,000 Find
the percentage decrease in its cost.
a) 10 % b)10.5 % c) 5% d) 15 % (Ans b )
4) Two numbers are respectively 20 % and 25 % of a third number.
What Percent is the 1 st of the second ?
a) 20% b)80 % c) 50 % d) 45% (Ans b )
(Hint: Take 3 rd no as 100, 1 st no is 20,2 nd no is 25 )
5.A positive number is divided by 5 instead of being multiplied by 5.By what
percent is the result of the required correct value ?
a) 40 % b)50 % c) 4 % d) 5% (Ans c )
(hint : Take the number as 100)
( Refer PDF)
6.Find X when 5% of X is 1000.
a) 200 b) 50 c) 2,000 d) 20,000
5
Solution: 𝑋 × = 1000
100
100000
X=
5

= 20,000
7.A batsman scored 110 runs which included 3 boundaries and 8 sixes. What
percent of his total score did he make by running between the wickets?
𝟓 𝟔
a) 45% b) 45 % c) 54 % d) 55%
𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏

Solution: Number of runs made by running = 110 - (3 x 4 + 8 x 6)

= 110 - 60 = 50

50 𝟓
= ×100= 45 %
110 𝟏𝟏

8Two students appeared at an examination. One of them secured 9 marks more

than the other and his marks was 56% of the sum of their marks. The marks
obtained by them are:

a) 39, 30 b) 41, 32 c) 42, 33 d) 43, 34

Solution: Let their marks be (x + 9) and x.

(x + 9
Then, x + 9 = 56
100+ x)
25(x + 9) = 14(2x + 9)
3x = 99
x = 33
So, their marks are 42 and 33.
𝟏
9.The price of a commodity first fell by 25% and then rose by 33 % . Increase in
𝟑

price compared to the original price?

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(a) 8 % (b) 0% (c) 29 % (d) 33 %
𝟑 𝟔 𝟑

Solution: let the price of the commodity be 100

 100×75
Price of the commodity when the price fell by 25%= = 75
100
1 4
Price of the commodity when the price rose by 33 % = 75x = 100
3 3

Increase in price= 100-100= 0

10. Fruit seller had some apples. He sells 40% apples and still has 420 apples.
Originally, he had:
a) 588 apples b) 600 apples c) 672 apples d) 700 apples

Solution: Suppose originally, he had X apples.

Then, 60% of X = 420

60
× 𝑋= 420
100

420
X= × 100 =700 Apples
60

11.In an election between two candidates, one got 55% of the total valid
votes, 20% of the votes were invalid. If the total number of votes was
7500, the number of valid votes that the other candidate got, was:
a) 2700 b) 2900 c) 3000 d) 3100

Solution: Number of valid votes = 80% of 7500 = 6000.

Valid votes taken by another candidate = 45% of 6000

45
6,000 × =2,700
100
12.If the radius of a circle increased by 20% then the corresponding increase in the
area of circle is
a) 40% b)44% c)20% d)21%

Solution: Let the radius of original circle =100

∴ Area of original circle =𝝅𝒓𝟐 = π(𝟏00)𝟐
Area of original circle=10,000 π
But, the radius of the circle is increased by 20%
∴ Radius of new circle R=100+20=120
Area of new circle =𝝅𝒓𝟐 = π(𝟏20)𝟐 =14,440π
Increased area =14,440π −10,000π =4,440π
4,440
Percentage increase in area = × 100= 44%
10,000

13.A man gives 40% of his money to his children and 20% of the remaining to a trust.
If he is still left with Rs.9,600, then what did he originally have?

a) 19,845 b) 14,000 c) 20,000 c)25,400

Solution: Let ‘x’ be the money he originally had.

40
The money he gave to his children = 𝑋 × =0.4x
100
20
he money he gave to trust = (x−0.4x) × =0.12x
100

The money he left with = x−0.4x−0.12x =0.48 x

0.48x=9600
9600
x= = 20,000
𝑂.48
14.Three candidates contested an election and received 1136, 7636 and 11628
votes respectively. What percentage of the total votes did the winning candidate
get?
a) 57% b) 60% c) 65% d) 90%

Solution : Total number of votes polled = (1136 + 7636 + 11628) = 20400.

11268
= × 100= 57%
20400

15.The population of a town increased from 1,75,000 to 2,62,500 in a decade.

The average percent increase of population per year is:
a) 4.37% b) 5% c) 6% d) 8.75%

Solution : Increase in 10 years = (262500 - 175000) = 87500.

87500
Increase= × 100 =50%
175000
50
Required average= = 5%
10
Chapter 10 : PROFIT AND LOSS
1. A shopkeeper made a profit of 20% on an article which is sold for ₹2400. The
cost price of the article is
a) 2,000 b)2,200 c) 2,600 d) 2,800

Solution: Cost + Profit = Sales 100 + 20 = 120

.. cost sales

100 120

? 2,400

100
2400 x
120

=2,000

2.An article was brought for Rs 2000 and sold for Rs 2200 Gain or loss
percent is

a)10 b)5 c) 15 d)20

(Gain =200/2000)x100 =10 %

3.A shopkeeper expects a gain of 22.5% on his cost price. If in a week, his sale
was of ₹392, what was his profit?
a) ₹18.20 b) ₹70 c) ₹72 d) ₹88.25

Solution: Cost + Profit = Sales

100 + 22.5 = 122.5

 Sales profit

122.5 22.5

392 ?

22.5
392 x = 72
122.5

4.By selling a table for Rs 330, a trader gains 10 % Find the cost price of the
table
Solution :S.P=330, Profit =10 %
If Actual Price =100 Rs , S.P =110,
Actual Price = ? If S.P=330 Ans= 100x330/110 =300 Rs
5. A sells a bicycle to B at a Profit of 20 % and B sells it to C at a Profit of 25 %
If C pays Rs 225 for it ,what did A pay for it ?
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
Solution : C.P of A = 225x x =150
𝟏𝟐𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟓

6.A mobile phone was sold for Rs 5060 at a gain of 10 % .If it had been sold
for Rs 4370, what would have been the gain ?
Solution 110 ------100
5060……? =5060x100/110 =4600 =CP
If it is sold for Rs 4370 then loss =230
So loss percentage 4600 …..230
100……..? =230x100/4600=5 %
7.Cost Price of 6 articles is equal to Selling Price of 4 Articles.,finfd the gain
Percent.
Solution : If x is C.P of 6 articles =6x
S.P of 4 articles =6x
 C.P of 4 articles=4x
profit =2x
percentage profit = (2x/4x)x100=50%

8.The percentage profit earned by selling an article for ₹1920 is equal to the
percentage loss incurred by selling the same article for ₹ 1280. At what price
should the article be sold to make 25% profit?
a) ₹2000 b) ₹2200 c) ₹2400 d) ₹2800

Solution: Let cost be x.

1920−𝑋 𝑋−1280
Then, × 100 = × 100
𝑋 𝑋

1920 - x = x - 1280
2x = 3200
x = 1600
Required S.P. = 125% of 1600
125
1600 = 2,000
100

9.A man buys a cycle for ₹1400 and sells it at a loss of 15%. What is the selling
price of the cycle?
a) ₹1090 b) ₹1160 c) ₹1190 d) ₹1202

Solution: S.P. = 85% of 1400

85
= ×1400= ₹1190
100
10.A man sold an article at a loss of 20%. If he had sold it for ₹12 more, then he
would have gained 10%. The cost price of the article is

a) 60 b) 40 c) 30 d) 22

Solution: Let the cost of radio be X

If it had sold at 20% loss S.P.= 0.8X

If it had sold for ₹12 more then, S.P.=1.1X

= So, 0.8X+12 = 1.1X

12 = 1.1X - 0.8X

12 = 0.3X

12
X= =40
0.3

11.When a plot is sold for ₹18,700, the owner loses 15%. At what price must
that plot be sold in order to gain 15%?
a) ₹21,000 b) ₹22,500 c) ₹25,300 d) ₹25,800

Solution:

Sales percentage

18,700 85

? 115

115
18,700x = 25,300
85
12.100 oranges are bought at the rate of Rs. 350 and sold at the rate of Rs.
48 per dozen. The percentage of profit or loss is:
𝟐 𝟐
a) 14 % gain b) 15% loss c) 14 % loss d) 15% loss
𝟕 𝟕

Solution:
350
Cost of one orange= = ₹ 3.50
100
48
S.P. of one orange= = ₹4
12
0.50 100 𝟐
Gain= × 100= % =14 %
3.50 7 𝟕

13.A shopkeeper sells one transistor for Rs. 840 at a gain of 20% and another for
Rs. 960 at a loss of 4%. His total gain or loss percent is:
a) 𝟓 𝟏𝟓 % loss b) 𝟓 𝟏𝟓 % gain c) 𝟔 𝟐 % gain d) none of these
𝟏𝟕 𝟏𝟕 𝟑

Solution:
Cost of 1st transistor= 100
× 840 = ₹700
120

Cost of 2nd transistor= 100

× 960 = ₹1000
96

So, total Cost = (700 + 1000) = ₹1700

Total S.P. = (840 + 960) = ₹1800.
100 𝟏𝟓
Gain % = × 100 = 𝟓
1700 𝟏𝟕

14.A trader mixes 26 kg of rice ₹ Rs. 20 per kg with 30 kg of rice of other variety
at ₹ 36 per kg and sells the mixture at ₹ 30 per kg. His profit percent is:
a) No profit, no loss b) 5% c) 10% d) 8%
Solution: cost of 56 kg rice = (26 x 20 + 30 x 36) = (520 + 1080) = ₹1600.

S.P. of 56 kg rice = (56 x 30) = ₹1680.

80
Gain = = × 100 = 5%
1600

15.Among some articles brought,6 articles were bought for Rs. 5 and sold 5
articles for Rs. 6. Gain percent is:
𝟏
a) 30% b) 𝟑𝟑 % c) 35% d) 44%
𝟑

Solution: Suppose, number of articles bought = L.C.M. of 6 and 5 = 30

5
Cost of 30 articles = × 30 = ₹25
6
6
S.P. of 30 articles = × 30 = ₹36
5
11
Gain = = × 100 = 44%
25
Chapter 11 : SIMPLE INTEREST AND
COMPOUND INTEREST
1) Find the interest to be paid on a loan of Rs.3000 at simple intrest of 5%
per year for 5 years. (Rs.750)
(SI = PRT/100)
2) Find the amount to be back on a loan of Rs.18,000 at 5.5% per annum for
3 years. (Rs.20970)(P=100 I/RT)
3) In how many years will a sum of money triple itself at 25% per annum
simple interest? (8 years) (take money as 100 Rs )
4) What rate per cent per annum will produce Rs.250 as simple interest on
Rs.6000 in 2.5 years? (5/3 %)
5) If Simple Interest on certain sum is Rs.360 for 2 years at 6% rate of
interest, find the sum. (Rs.2000)
6) In what time will a sum of Rs.2000 amounts Rs 2,240 at the rate of 4%
per annum? ( 3 years)
7) In how many years will a sum of money double itself at the rate of 10%
per annum simple interest. (10 years)
8) Find the Simple Interest on Rs.60,000 at 55 for 9 months. (Rs.2,250)
9) Find the Simple Interest for Rs.6000 for the period from 5 th Feb 2005 to
18th April 2005 at the rate of 15% pa. (Rs.180)
10) At what rate percent per annum, will a sum of money double in 16 years?
𝟏
(6 % p.a)
𝟒

11) What is the difference between compound interest and simple interest
for 2 years on the sum of 1260 at 4% per annum? (2)
 12) Find the compound interest on Rs 20,000 at 6% rate of interest p.a for 2
years (22,472)
13) In what time will Rs.4000 amounts to Rs.4840 at 10% compound interest?
(2)
14) If a sum of 2,000 amount to 2,880 at 20% rate of compound interest at
20% rate of compound interest p.a, find the period for which compound
interested is calculated.
(2 years)
15) If Rs. 1600 amounts to Rs. 1,764 in 2 years at a certain rate of
compound interest. Find the rate of interest per annum (5%) (For
Solutions Refer PDF Below)

Study Materials and References:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1spNAkzECUpExmI9ko-cfW73J_aIjvG1f/view?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zId-UTXQy1ftC5UEFJ3Ch_YHTKpsnf3r/view?usp=sharing
Quantitative Aptitude 2 : UNIT 2

Chapter 1: Ratio and Proportion,

Partnership
1. Divide 70 in the ratio 3:7 (21 and 49)
2. Divide Rs.2700 among a,b,c in the ratio 2:3:4
3. The ratio between two number is 3:4.If each number be increased by 2 the
ratio becomes 7:9.Find the numbers(12 and 16)
4. The sum of two numbers is 60 and their difference is 6.What is the ratio of
the two numbers?(11:9)
5. Find the mean proportional between 3 and 75 ( Mean proportional =

√𝑎𝑏 = √3𝑥75 =15

6. Three partner Rahul,Puneet and Chandan invest Rs1600,Rs1800 andRs2300
respectively in a business.How should they divide a profit of Rs399(112,126,161)
7. A and B invested in the ratio 3:2 in a business .If 5% of the total profit goes
to charity and A’s share is Rs855,find the total profit(1500)
8. A and B start a business ,A invests Rs600 more than B and invest foe 4
months and B for 5 months.A’s share is Rs48 more than that of B,out of a total
profit of Rs528.Find the capital contributed by each(1800 and 1200)
9. A began a business with Rs4500 and was joined afterwards by Rs5400.If the
profits at the end of year was divided in the ratio 2:1 when did B join as a
partner(7)
10. In what proportion must sugar at Rs13.00 per kg be mixed with sugar at Rs
13.65 per kg so that the mixture be worth Rs13.20 a kg?(9:4)
11. A bag contains 50 paise, 25 paise and 10 paise coins in the ratio 5:9:4
amounting to Rs.206. Find the number of coins of each type. (Coins:5x,9x,4x
Value:5x/2+9x/4+4x/10=206, x=40)(200,360,160)
12.A man can complete 5/8 of a job in 10 days. At their rate, how many more
days will it take him to complete the job?
Solution: Workdone=5/8, Remained=3/8.
W1T2=W2T1
5 3
*X= *10
8 8

𝑋=6
13.A company had provision of food for 150 men for 45 days. After 10 days,25
men left the company. No.of days for which the remaining food will last is
Solution:
No.of men is inversely proportional to no.of days.
After 10 days, 125 men, x days
150:125=X:35
150𝑋35
X= =42
125

14. The ratio of A to B is 4 : 5 and that of B to C is 2 : 3. If A equals 800, C equals:

(a) 1,500
(b) 2,000
(c) 1,200
(d) 1,000
A:B =4:5
B:C=2:3
 A:B:C=4×2:5×2:5×3
A : B : C = 8 : 10 : 15
If A equals 800, then C equals 1,500.

15. A's and B's shares in a business are in the ratio of 5:3. If A has invested ` 70,000 for 12

months, for what period B has invested ` 60,000?

(a) 7 months
(b) 7.4 months
(c) 8 months
(d) 8.4 months

A's capital be C1 = 70,000

B's capital be C2 = 60,000
A's time be T1= 12 months
Let B's time be T2 = x months
A's share: B's share = 5:3
Apply formula:
Profit of A ÷ Profit of B = C1 × T1 ÷ C2 × T2
5/ 3 = 70,000 × 12/ 60,000 × x
3,00,000 x = 25,20,000
X = 252/ 30 = 8.4 months
 Chapter 2: Time and Work
1.A takes 8 days and B takes 10 days to complete a job. How much time will take to
complete the work together?
Solution: A’s 1 day work is 1/8, B’s 1 day work is 1/10.
(A+B)’s one day work=1/8+1/10=9/40.
4
Both will together finish the work in 40/9=4 days.
9

2. A alone can complete a work in 12 days. A and B together can complete it in 8 days. How long
will B alone take to complete the work?
(a) 20 Days
(b) 16 Days
(c) 24 Days
(d) 18 Days

A’s 1 day’s work = 1/12

(A+B)’s 1 day’s work = 1/8

B’s 1 day’s work = 1/8 Less 1/12

B’s 1 day’s work = 3-2/24

B’s 1 day’s work = 1/24

B alone can do the work in 24 days.

3. A and B can do a piece of work in 12 days, B and C in 8 days and C and A in 6 days.
How long would B take to do the same work alone?
(a) 48 Days
(b) 40 Days
(c) 24 Days
(d) 32 Days

(A + B)'s 1 day's work = 1/12 …………………………(i)

 (B + C)'s 1 day's work = 1/8 -----------------------(ii)

(C + A)'s 1 day's work = 1/6 ------------------------(iii)

On adding,

2(A + B + C)'s 1 day's work = 1/12 + 1/8 + 1/6

= 2 + 3 + 4/24

(A+ B + C)'s 1 day’s work = 9/24 × 1/2 = 9/48 -----(iv)

On, subtracting (iii) from (iv),

B’s 1 day’s work = 9/48 - 1/6 = 9 - 8/48 = 1/48

B can complete the work in 48 days.

4 10 men can finish a piece of work in 10 days where as it takes 12 women to finish
it in 10 days.If 15 men and 6 women undertake to complete the work,how many
days they will takes to complete it(5)

5. A can do a work in 4 days, B in 15 days and C in 10 days. Find the time taken by
A,B,C to do the work together.

1 1 1 11
Solution : A+B+C= + + =
4 5 10 20

20 9
A,B.C together can do work in =1 days.
11 11

6.. A’s twice as good a work man as B. They together finish piece of work in 18
days. In how many days A alone finish the work.

Solution : (A+B) is one day work=1/18

Since A is twice as good as B=2:1, total work is 3.
A’s 1 day’s work=1/18*2/3=1/27.
A can alone finish the work is 27 days.
7. A can do a piece of work in 10 and b in 20 days. They work together but 2 days
before completion A leaves. In how many days what’s the work completed?

Solution: A’s 1 day=1/10

B’s 1 day=1/20
A’s 2 days work= 2/10
B’s 2 days work=2/20=1/10
So, Remaining work= 1-1/10=9/10
(A+B)’s 1 day work= (1/10+1/20)=3/20
Total work done by both A and B=1/4

8. A can lay Railway Track between 2 given stations in 16 days and b can do the
same job in 12 days. With the help of C, they did the job in 4 days. Find in how
many days ‘C’ can alone do the job?

Solution:
A+B+C’s one day work=1/4
A+B’s 1 day work=1/16+1/12= 7/48.
C’s 1 day work=1/4-7/48=5/48
3
C can complete the work in 48/5 days=9 days.
5

9. Kamal can do a work in 15 days and Vimal can 50% more efficient than Kamal
the number of days Vimal. Find the no.of days for Vimal to do the work alone.

Solution:
Let, Vimal can do the work in 100 days. Then, Kamal can we do the work in
150 days.
Vimal do the work in 10 days. Kamal work for 15 days.
10. 5 men prepare 10 toys in 6 days working 6 hrs a day. How many days can 12
min prepare 16 toys working 8 hrs in a day?

Solution:
M1D1T1W2=M2D2T2W1
5*6*6*16=12*D2*8*6
D2=3

11. 6 men working 8 hrs per day earn 1680/week. How much will 9 men
working 6 hrs per day earn per week?

Solution:
M1D1W2=M2D2W1
6*8*W2=9*6*1680.

12 .A,B and C can do a work in 6,8,12 days and earn Rs.1350. What is B’s
share?

(1 day work:1/6:1/8:1/12=4:3:2 B’s share=3/9*1350=450)

13. A, B and C together can complete a piece of work in 30 minutes. A and B together can
complete the same work in 50 minutes. C alone can complete the work in
(a) 150 minutes
(b) 80 minutes
(c) 60 minutes
(d) 75 minutes

Work done by (A + B + C) in 1 minute = 1/30

Work done by (A + B) in 1 minute = 1/50

Work done by C alone in 1 minute = 1/30 - 1/50 = 5 - 3/150 = 2/150 = 1/75

C alone will complete the work in 75 minutes.

14. A and B can complete a piece of work in 8 days, B and C can do it in 12 days, C and A can do
it in 8 days. A, B and C together can complete it in
(a) 7 days
(b) 6 days
(c) 4 days
(d) 5 days

(A + B)’s 1 day’s work = 1/8

(B + C)’s 1 day’s work = 1/12

(C + A)’s 1 day’s work = 1/8

On adding,

2 (A + B + C)’s 1 day’s work = 1/8 + 1/12 + 1/8 = 3 + 2 + 3/24 = 8/24 = 1/3

(A + B + C)’s 1 day’s work = A + B + C = 2 (1/3) = 1/6

Hence, the work will be completed in 6 days.

15. 10. A, B and C individually can do a work in 10 days, 12 days and 15 days respectively. If
they start working together, then the number of days required to finish the work is
(a) 2 days
(b) 4 days
(c) 16 days
(d) 8 days

Work done by A, B and C in 1 day = 1/10 + 1/12 + 1/15 = 6 + 5 + 4/60 = 15/60 = 1/4

Required time = 4 days

Chapter 3-Pipes and Cisterns
1. A pipe can fill a cistern in 6 hours. Due to a leak in its bottom, it is filled
in 7 hours. When the cistern is full in how much time will it be emptied
by the leak? (1/6 -1/x=1/7 (42 hrs)
2. Two pipes A and B can separately fill a tank in 36 hours and 40 hours
respectively.If both the piprs are opened simultaneously,how much
time will be taken to fill the tank ? (1/36 +1/45 =1/20 Ans 20 hours)
3. Two pipes A and B can fill a cistern in 10 hours and 12 hours respectively,
and a third pipe C can empty it in 20 hours. How long will it take to fill
the cistern if all the three are opened at the same time?
(a) 2 hrs (b) 7 ½ hours (c) 15 hr (d) 12/5 hr (1/10 +1/12 -
1/20) =2/15 so time =15/2 =7.5 hours
4. Three pipes A, B and C can fill a tank in 6 minutes, 8 minutes and 12
minutes respectively. The pipe C is closed 6 minutes before the tank is
filled. In what time will the tank be full? (4 min)
5. If three taps are opened together, a tank is filled in 12 hrs. One of the
taps can fill it in 10 hrs and another in 15 hrs. How does the third tap
work? (x= -12) (Refer PDF)
6. Two pipes A and B can fill a cistern in 20 and 30 minutes respectively, and
a third pipe C can empty it in 40 minutes. How long will it take to fill the
cistern if all the three are opened at the same time?
(a) 19 1/7 min (b) 15 1/7 min (c) 17 1/7 mi (d) 7 1/7
min
 1/ 20 + 1/ 30 - 1/ 40 = 7/ 120
120/ 7= 17 1/ 7
7. Two pipes A and B can separately fill a tank in 2 minutes and 15 minutes
respectively. Both the pipes are opened together but 4 minutes after the start the
pipe A is turned off. How much time will it take to fill the tank?
(a) 9 min (b)1 0 min (c)11 min (d) 12 min
4/ 12 + x/ 15 = 1
x = 10
8.Two pipes P and Q can fill a cistern in 12 and 15 minutes respectively. Both are
opened together, but at the end of 3 minutes the first is turned off. How much
longer will the cistern take to fill?
(a) 9 1/4 min (b)11 1/4 min (c) 7 1/4 min (d) 8
1/2 min
3/ 12 + x/ 15 = 1
X = 11 1/ 4
9..A cistern has a leak which would empty the cistern in 20 minutes. A tap is turned
on which admits 4 liters a minute into the cistern, and it is emptied in 24 minutes.
How many liters does the cistern hold?
(a) 480 liters (b)600 liters (c) 720 liters (d)800 liters
1/x - 1/20 = -1/24
x = 120
120× 4 = 480
10..Two taps can separately fill a cistern 10 minutes and 15 minutes respectively
and when the waste pipe is open, they can together fill it in 18 minutes. The waste
pipe can empty the full cistern in?
 (a) 7 minutes (b)13 minutes (c) 23 minutes (d)
9 minutes
1/10 + 1/15 - 1/x = 1/18
x=9
11. A cistern is filled by a tap in 3 1/2 hours. Due to leak in the bottom of the
cistern, it takes half an hour longer to fill the cistern. If the cistern is full how long
will it take the leak to empty it?
(a) 7 hour (b) 8 hours (c)14 hours (d)28 hours
2/7 - 1/x = 1/4
x = 28
12.Two pipes A and B can fill a tank in 4 and 5 hours respectively. If they are turned
up alternately for one hour each, the time taken to fill the tank is?
(a) 2 hours 15 minutes (b)4 hours 24 minutes (c) 5
hours (d) 3 hours
1/4 + 1/5 = 9/20
20/9 = 2 2/9
9/20 × 2 = 9/10 ---- 4 hours
WR = 1 - 9/10 = 1/10
1 h ---- 1/4
? ----- 1/10
2/5 × 60 = 24 = 4 hours 24 minutes
13.Two pipes A and B can fill a cistern in 12 and 15 minutes respectively. Both are
opened together but after 3 minutes A is turned off. After how much more time will
the cistern be filled?
 (a) 3 1/4 minutes (b)5 1/4 minutes (c) 8 1/4
minutes
(d) 9 1/4 minutes
3/12 + (3 + x) ÷ 15 = 1
x = 8 1/4
14.A cistern is normally filled in 8 hours but takes two hours longer to fill because
of a leak in its bottom. If the cistern is full, the leak will empty it in?
(a) 16 hours (b) 20 hours (c) 40 hours (d) 25
hours
1/8 - 1/x = 1/10
x = 40
15..Two pipes A and B can separately fill a tank in 12 and 15 minutes respectively. A
third pipe C can drain off 45 liters of water per minute. If all the pipes are opened,
the tank can be filled in 15 minutes. What is the capacity of the tank?
(a) 480 liters (b) 540 liters (c) 600 liter (d) 675
liters
1/12 + 1/15 - 1/x = 1/15
x = 12
12 × 45 = 540
Chapter 4-Speed, Time and Distance
1. A train starts from a place A at 6 a.m. and arrives at another place B at 4.30 p.m. on the
same day. If the speed of the train is 40 km per hour, find the distance travelled by the train?
(a) 400 km
(b) 320 km
(c) 230 km
(d) 420 km

Time = 101/2 hours = 21/2 hours

Speed = 40 km/ hour

Distance = Speed × Time = 40 × 21/2 = 420 km

2. A man riding his bicycle covers 150 metres in 25 seconds. What is his speed in km per hour?
(a) 20
(b) 23
(c) 21.6
(d) 25

Speed = 150/ 25 = 6 m/sec = 6 × 18/5 km/hr = 108/ 5 = 21.6 km/ hour

3. Two men start together to walk a certain distance, one at 4 km/hour and another at 3
km/hour. The former arrives half an hour before the latter. Find the distance.
(a) 9 km
(b) 6 km
(c) 7 km
(d) 8 km
If the required distance be x km, then
x
/3 - x/4 = 1/2
4x – 3x
/ 12 = ½
x
/ 12 = 1/2
 x = 6 km
4. A train covers a certain distance in 210 minutes at a speed of 60 km/hour. The time taken
by the train, to cover the same distance at a speed of 80 km/ hour is:
(a) 3 hours
(b) 4 5/8 hours

(c) 2 5/8 hours

(d) 3 5/8 hours

Speed of train = 60 km/ hour & Time = 210 minutes = 3 ½ hours = 7/2 hours

Distance covered = 60 × 7/2 = 210 km

Time taken at 80 km/ hours = 210/ 80 = 2 5/8 hours

5. An athlete runs 200 metres race in 24 seconds. His speed (in km/ hour) is:
(a) 30
(b) 28.5
(c) 24
(d) 20
Speed = Distance ÷ Time
= 200 ÷ 24 metres / seconds
= [(200 ÷ 24) × (18 ÷ 5)]
= 3600 ÷ 120
= 30 km/ hour
6. A car driver leaves Bangalore at 8.30 A.M. and expects to reach a place 300 km from
Bangalore at 12.30 P.M. At 10.30 he finds that he has covered only 40% of the distance. By
how much he has to increase the speed of the car in order to keep up his schedule?
(a) 30 km/hour
(b) 35 km/hour
(c) 40 km/hour
(d) 45 km/hour
Distance covered by car in2 hours = 300 × 40 ÷ 100 = 120 km
 Remaining distance = 300 – 120 = 180 km
Remaining time = 4 – 2 = 2 hours
Required speed = 180 km ÷ 2 hours = 90 km/ hour
Original speed of car = 120 ÷ 2 = 60 km/ hour
Required increase in speed = 90 - 60 = 30 km/ hour
7. A boy goes to his school from his house at a speed of 3 km/hour and returns at a speed of
2 km/ hour. If he takes 5 hours in going and coming, the distance between his house and
school is:
(a) 6.5 km
(b) 5.5 km
(c) 5 km
(d) 6 km
Let the required distance be x km. Then,
x
/3 + x/2 = 5
2x + 3x
/6 = 5
5x = 6 × 5
x=6×5÷5
x = 6 km
8. 9. A boy runs 20 km in 2.5 hours. How long will he take to run 32 km at double the
previous speed?
(a) 5 hours

(b) 4 ½ hours

(c) 2 ½ hours

(d) 2 hours

The boy covers 20 km in 2 ½ hours.

Speed = 20 ÷ 2.5 hours = 8 km/ hour

New speed = 2 × 8 km/ hour = 16 km/ hour
Time = 32 km ÷ 16 km/ hour = 2 hours
10. A car travelling at a speed of 40 km/hour can complete a journey in 9 hours. How long will
it take to travel the same distance at 60 km/hour?
(a) 4 hours
(b) 4 ½ hours
(c) 6 hours
(d) 3 hours
Total distance covered = Speed × Time
= 40 km/hour × 9 hours = 360 km.
The required time at 60 km/ hour = 360 ÷ 60 = 6 hours

11. If the speed of a bus is 40km/hr and 60 km/hr while reaching a city and
coming back, what is the ratio of the time taken?

Solution:

Speed is inversely proportional to time

Ratio of speed=40:60=2:3, ratio of time=3:2

12.Excluding the stoppages the speed of a bus is 64km/hr and including the
stoppage the speed of a bus is 48 km/hr. How many minutes does the bus stop
per hour due to stoppages?

Solution:
64-48=16km/hr.
Time taken to leave 16km=15 min
Stoppage time=15 min

13.A train is travelling at a speed of 160 km/hour. It takes 15 hours to cover the distance from city
A to city B. Find the distance between the two cities.
 (Distance= 160×15=2400km)

14.A car travelling from city A to city C completes the journey in 3 hours,
whereas a person travelling on a bike completes the journey in 5 hours. What is
the speed of the man on the bike if the car is travelling at 45 kmph?

(∴distance=45×3=135km ∴speed=1355=27)

15.If an employee walks 10 km at a speed of 3 km/hr, he will be late by 20 minutes.

If he walks at 4 km/hr, how early from the fixed time he will reach ?
Solution: Time taken at 3 km/hr = Distance/speed
= 10/3
Actual time is obtained by subtracting the late time
So, Actual time = 10/3 – 1/3 = 9/3 = 3 hour
Time taken at 4 km/hr = 10/4 hr
Time difference = Actual time – time taken at 4 km/hr
= 3 – 10/4
= 1/2 hour
Hence, he will be early by 30 minutes.

Chapter 5:Train Problems

(1) The length of the bridge, which a train 130 metres long and travelling at 45
km/hour can cross in 30 seconds, is:
(a) 200 metres
(b) 225 metres
(c) 245 metres
(d) 250 metres
Speed = [45 X 5/18] m/sec = [25/2] m/sec Time = 30 seconds
Let the length of bridge be x metres. Then, (130 + x)/30 = 25/2 => 2(130 +
x) = 750 => x = 245 m.
(2) A train running at the speed of 60 km/hour crosses a pole in 9 seconds. What
is the length of the train?
(a) 120 metres
(b) 180 metres
(c) 324 metres
(d) 150 metres
Speed =60 km/hr = (60 × 5/18) m/sec = (50/3) m/sec
Length of the train = (Speed x Time) = (50/3 × 9) m = 150 m.
3.A train 100 m long is running at the speed of30 km/hr.Find the time taken by
the train to pass a man standing near the railway line.
Speed=30x5/18=25/3 m/sec
Time=d/v=3x100/25=12 sec
4.A train 110 m long is running at the speed of 132 km/hr.Find the time taken by
the train to pass a platform of length 165 m .
Speed =v=132x5/18=110/3 m/s
Distance=D =110+165= 275 m
Time =d/v=7 ½ sec
5.A 150 m long train is running with a speed of 68 km/hr.In what time will it pass
a man who is running at 8 km/hr ,in the same direction ?
Relative speed of train =68-8=60 km/hr=60x5/18=50/3 m/s
Time=D/v=150x3/50=9 sec
6 A 220 m long train is running with a speed of 59 km/hr.In what time will it pass
a man who is running at 7 km/hr ,in the opposite direction of the train ?
Relative speed of train =59+7=66 km/hr=66x5/18=55/3 m/s
Time=D/v=220x3/55=12sec
(7) A train 125 metres long passes a man, running at 5 km/hour in the same
direction in which the train is going, in 10 seconds. The speed of the train is:

(a) 45 km/hour

(b) 50 km/hour
(c) 54 km/hour
(d) 55 km/hour
Speed of the train relative to man = (125/10) m/sec = (25/2) m/seconds
[(25/2) × (18/5)] km/hour = 45 km/hour
Let the speed of the train be x km/hour .Speed of man =5
Then, relative speed = (x - 5) km/hour x - 5 = 45 ==> x = 50 km/hour
(8) Two trains running in opposite directions cross a man standing on the platform
in 27 seconds and 17 seconds respectively and they cross each other in 23
seconds. The ratio of their speeds is:
(a) 1 : 3
(b) 3 : 2
(c) 3 : 4
 (d) None of these
Let the speeds of the two trains be x m/second and y m/second
respectively.
Then, length of the first train = 27 x meters, and length of the second train
= 17 y meters.
(27 x + 17 y) ÷ (x + y) = 23
= 27 x + 17 y = 23 x + 23 y
=4x=6y
= x/y = 3/2 or 3 : 2
(9) A train passes a station platform in 36 seconds and a man standing on the
platform in 20 seconds. If the speed of the train is 54 km/hour, what is the
length of the platform?
(a) 120 metres
(b) 240 metres
(c) 300 metres
(d) None of these
Speed = (54 × 5/18) m/second = 15 m/second
Length of the train = (15 x 20) m = 300 m.
Let the length of the platform be x meters.
Then, (x + 300)/ 36 = 15
= x + 300 = 540
x = 240 m.
(10) A 300 meter long train crosses a platform in 39 seconds while it crosses a signal
pole in 18 seconds. What is the length of the platform?
(a) 150 metres
 (b) 200 metres
(c) 350 metres
(d) 400 metres
Speed = [300 / 18] m/second = 50/3 m/second
Let the length of the platform be x meters.
Then, x + 300 / 39 = 50/3
3 (x + 300) = 1950
x = 350 m.
(11) A train crosses a platform of 120 metres in 15 second, same train crosses
another platform of length 180 metres in 18 second, then find the length of
the train?
(a) 175 metres
(b) 180 metres
(c) 185 metres
(d) 170 metres
Length of the train be 'X'
X + 120/15 = X + 180/18
6X + 720 = 5X + 900
X = 180 m
(12) A train 400 m long can cross an electric pole in 20 second and then find the
speed of the train?
(a) 65 km/ hour
(b) 70 km/ hour
(c) 72 km/ hour
(d) 75 km/ hour
 Length = Speed × time
Speed = Length/ Time
S = 400/ 20
S = 20 M/Second
Speed= 20 × 18/5 (To convert M/Second in to Km/ hour multiply by 18/5)
Speed = 72 Km/ hour

13. Two trains of length 100 m and 120 m running in same directions with a speed
of 72 km/hr and 54 km/hr In how much time will the first train cross the second
?
Relative speed =72-54=18km/hr =18x5/18 =5 m/s
Total distance covered =100+120=220
Time=220/5=44 sec

(14) The two trains of lengths 400 metres, 600 metres respectively, running at same
directions. The faster train can cross the slower train in 180 second, the speed
of the slower train is 48 km., then find the speed of the faster train?
(a) 58 km/ hour
(b) 68 km/ hour
(c) 78 km/ hour
(d) 55 km/ hour
Length of the two trains = 600 metres + 400 metres
Speed of the first train = X
Speed of the second train= 48 Km/ hour
1000/ X - 48 = 180
 1000/ x - 48 × 5/18 = 180
50 = 9X - 120
X = 68 Km/ hour
(15) Two stations A and B are 110 km apart on a straight line. One train starts from
A at 7 a.m. and travels towards B at 20 km/ hour. Another train starts from B
at 8 a.m. and travels towards A at a speed of 25 km/ hour. At what time will
they meet?
(a) 9 a.m.
(b) 10 a.m.
(c) 10.30 a.m.
(d) 11 a.m.
Suppose they meet x hours after 7 a.m.
Distance covered by A in x hours = 20x km.
Distance covered by B in (x - 1) hours = 25(x - 1) km.
Therefore 20x + 25(x - 1) = 110
45x = 135
x = 3.
So, they meet at 10 a.m.

Chapter 6:Boats and Streams

Boats and Streams
Boats and Streams aptitude questions are a popular category of questions that are
asked in various competitive exams, entrance tests, and interviews. The two
fundamental concepts in the Boats and Streams Aptitude Quiz are upstream and
downstream. These questions are based on the principle of relative speed and are
used to calculate the speed of a boat or a stream in still water, given the speed of
the boat in the downstream or upstream direction.
Important terms:
Stream: Moving water in a river or any other water body.
Upstream: Moving against the direction of the stream or current.
Downstream: Moving along the direction of the stream or current.
Still Water: Water in a river or any other water body that is not flowing or stationary.
Boats and Streams Formula:
Speed Upstream = U-V km/ hour=B
Speed Downstream = U+V km / hour=A
U=Speed of the boat in still water
V=Speed of the stream
Speed of boat in still water = 1/2 x (A+B) km / hour
Rate of stream = 01/2 x (A – B) km/hour
1. The speed of a boat when travelling down stream is 32 km/hr were as
when travelling upstream is 28 km/hr. What is the speed of the boat in
still water in speed of the stream?
Solution:
Speed of boat in still water=1/2(a+b)=30 km/hr
Speed of stream=1/2(a-b)=2

2. A man takes 3 hours 45 minutes to row the boat 15 km down stream of a

river and 2 hours 30minutes to cover a distance of 5 km upstreams. Find
speed of river current in km/hr.
Solution:
 Speed of downstream=15/3hrs 45min=4km/hr
Speed of upstream=5/2hrs 30min=2km/hr
Speed of current/stream=1/2(a-b)=1km/hr

3. A Man can row 6km/hr in still water,takes him twice as long to row up
to row down the river.Find the rate of the stream.
Solution:
Let man’s way upstream=b=xkm/hr
Rate downstream=a=2xkm/hr
Rate in still water=1/2(a+b)=6
x=4
Speed of rate of upstream=b=x=4
Speed of stream=a=2x=8km/hr
Rate of stream=1/2(a-b)=2km/hr

4. A man can row 7.5 km/hr in still water. I f in a river 1.5 km an hour, it
takes him 150min to raw to a place and back, How for off is the place.
Solution;
Speed of downstream=U+V=9km/hr=7.5+1.5
Speed of upstream=U-V=6km/hr=7.5-1.5
Let the distance=x km
Time=50 min x/9+x/6=50/60
x=3
Required distance=3km

5. A man goes 18km downstream, in 4 hours and returns against the

stream in 12 hours. Find the speed of stream in km/hr.
 Solution:
Speed downstream=18/4= 9/2=a
Speed upstream=18/12= 3/2=b
Speed of stream=1/2(a-b)=3/2

6. A man swimming in a stream which flows 1.5 km. Find that in a given
time he can swim twice as for with a stream as he can against it at what
rate does he swim.
Solution:
Speed of upstream be x=b
Speed of downstream be 2x=a
Speed of the man=1/2(a+b)
Speed of the stream=1/2(a-b)=x/2
Given that speed of stream=1.5km/hr=3/2
x/2=3/2 x=3
Speed of upstream=x=3=b
Speed of downstream=2x=6=a
Speed of man=1/2(a+b)=4.5km/hr

7. If a boat 7km upstreams in 42 min and the speed of the stream is

3km/hr. Then what is the speed of the boat in still water.
Solution:
42min=42/60hr=7/10 hr
Speed of the stream=3km/hr
Speed of still water=x
Upstream speed=U-V=x-3=10
x=13km/hr
 8. A man’s speed with the current is 15km/hr and speed of the current is
2.5 km/hr What is the man’s speed against the current?
Solution:
Man’s speed in still water= u-v=15-2.5=12.5km
Man’s speed against the current=12.5-2.5=10km/hr
9. A man can row upstream at 7 kmph and downstream at 10kmph. Find
man’s rate in still water and the rate of current.
Solution:
Rate in still water=1/2(10+7)km/hr=8.5km/hr
Rate of current=1/2(10-7)km/hr=1.5km/hr
10.A man can row 18kmph in still water, it takes him thrice as long to row
up as to row down the river. Find the rate of stream.
Solution:
Let man’s rate of upstream be xkmph, his rate of downstream=3x kmph.
So, 2x=18 or x=9
Rate of` upstream=9km/hr, rate of downstream=27km/hr
Rate of stream=1/2(27-9)=9km/hr

(11) A boatman can row a boat upstream at 14 km/ hour and downstream at 20
km/ hour. Find the speed of the boat in still water and the speed of the stream.
We are given that speed downstream, D = 20 km / hour and speed
upstream, U = 14 km / hour
Therefore, Speed of boat in still water = 0.5 x (D + U) km / hour = 0.5 x (14
+ 20) = 17 km / hour
Also, speed of the stream = 0.5 x (D – U) km / hour = 0.5 x (20 – 14) = 3 km
/ hour
(12) A boatman can row a boat at the speed of 5 km upstream and 15 km
downstream. To cover upstream he needs 2.5 hours and to cover downstream,
he needs 10 hours. Find the speed of the stream and the speed of the boat in
still water.
We are given that the boatman covers 5 km upstream in 2.5 hours and 15
km downstream in 10 hours.
= Speed upstream, U = 5 / 2.5 = 2 km / hour
= Speed downstream, D = 15 / 1.5 = 10 km / hour
Therefore, Speed of boat in still water = 0.5 x (D + U) km / hour = 0.5 x (10
+ 2) = 6 km / hour
Also, speed of the stream = 0.5 x (D – U) km / hour = 0.5 x (10 – 2) = 4 km /
hour
(13) A man has to go from a port to an island and return. He can row a boat with a
speed of 7 km/ hour in still water. The speed of the stream is 2 km/hour. If he
takes 56 minutes to complete the round trip, find the distance between the
port and the island.
Speed upstream = 7 – 2 = 5 km / hour
Speed downstream = 7 + 2 = 9 km / hour
Let the distance between the port and the island be D km.
Also, we know that Time = Distance / Speed
= (D/5) + (D/9) = 56/60
= (14 D) / 45 = 56 / 60
= D = 3 km
Therefore, the distance between the port and the island = 3 km
(14) In a boat race, a person rows a boat 6 km upstream and returns to the starting
point in 4 hours. If the speed of the stream is 2 km/hour, find the speed of the
boat in still water.
Let the speed of the boat in still water be B km/ hour
= Speed upstream = (B – 2) km/ hour
= Speed downstream = (B + 2) km / hour
We know that, Time = Distance / Speed
= 6/(B - 2) + 6/(B + 2) = 4
= 6 B + 12 + 6 B – 12 = 4 (B – 2) (B + 2)
= 12 B = 4 (B – 2) (B + 2)
= 3 B = B2 – 4
= B2 – 3 B – 4 = 0
= (B + 1) (B – 4) = 0
= B = 4 km/ hour (Speed cannot be negative)
(15) A racer can row a boat 30 km upstream and 44 km downstream in 10 hours.
Also, he can row 40 km upstream and 55 km downstream in 13 hours. Find the
speed of the boat in still water and the speed of the stream.
Let the speed upstream be U km/hour and the speed downstream be D
km/hour
We know that, Distance / Speed = Time
= (30 / U) + (44 / D) = 10 and (40 / U) + (55 / D) = 13
Solving the above pair of linear equations, we get
D = 11 km/ hour
U = 5 km/ hour
 Therefore, Speed of boat in still water = 0.5 x (D + U) km / hour = 0.5 x (11
+ 5) = 8 km / hour
Also, speed of the stream = 0.5 x (D – U) km / hour = 0.5 x (11 – 5) = 3 km /
hour

Chapter 7:Permutation and Combination

𝒏! 𝒏!
Formula : nPr = , nC =
r
(𝒏−𝒓)! 𝒓!(𝒏−𝒓)!

5
1. Find the value of P5 + 10C3 +60C60
a)240 b)120 c)241 d 360

2.In how many different ways can the letters of the word ‘FIGHT’ be
arranged?

a)50 b)5 c)120 d)4 (5!=120)

3. In how many different ways can the letters of the word ‘PRESENT’ be
arranged?

a)2520 b)7 c)2250 d)2025 (7!/2=2520)

4.How many arrangements can be made out of the letters of the word
‘MATHEMATICS’?

11! 10! 12! 11!

a) b) c) d)
2!2!2! 2!2! 2!2!! 2!2!2!

5.In how many ways can a cricket team of eleven be chosen out of 14
players?

a)634 b)364 c)346 d)463 (14 C 11 =14C3= 364

6..In how many ways can 5 girls can be a seated in a bench?

a)120 b)5 c)6 d)20 (5! =120)

7. In how many ways,a committee of 6 members be selected from 7 men

and 5 ladies,consisting of 4 men and 2 ladies?

a)530 b)350 c)503 d)305

8. In how many ways can a group of 5 men and 2 women be made out of
a total of 7 men and 3 women?
 a)45 b)63 c)90 d)126 (7C5 x3C2=21x3=63)

9 Out of 7 consonants and 4 vowels, how many words of 3 consonants

and 2 vowels can be formed?
A) 25200 B) 52000 C) 120 D) 24400
Explanation: Number of ways of selecting (3 consonants out of 7) and (2
vowels out of 4) = (7C3
*4C2) = 210.
Number of groups, each having 3 consonants and 2 vowels = 210.
Each group contains 5 letters.
Number of ways of arranging 5 letters among themselves = 5! = 120
Required number of ways = (210 x 120) = 25200.

10. A committee of 5 persons is to be formed from 6 men and 4 women.

In how many ways can this be done when at least 2 women are
included?
A) 196 B) 186 C) 190 D) 200
Explanation: When at least 2 women are included.
The committee may consist of 3 women, 2 men: It can be done in 4C3*6C2
ways
or, 4 women, 1 man: It can be done in 4C4*6C1 ways
or, 2 women, 3 men : It can be done in 4C2*6C3 ways.
Total number of ways of forming the committees
= 4C2*6C3+4C3*6C2+4C4*6C1
= 6 x 20 + 4 x 15 + 1x 6
= 120 + 60 + 6 =186
 11. A college has 10 basketball players. A 5-member team and a captain
will be selected out of these 10 players. How many different selections
can be made?
A) 1260 B) 1400 C) 1250 D) 1600
Explanation: A team of 6 members has to be selected from the 10 players.
This can be done in 10C6 or 210 ways.
Now, the captain can be selected from these 6 players in 6 ways.
Therefore, total ways the selection can be made is 210×6= 1260
12. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'OPTICAL'
be arranged so that the vowels always come together?
A) 360 B) 700 C) 720 D) 120
Explanation: The word 'OPTICAL' contains 7 different letters.
When the vowels OIA are always together, they can be supposed to form one
letter.
Then, we have to arrange the letters PTCL (OIA).
Now, 5 letters can be arranged in 5! = 120 ways.
The vowels (OIA) can be arranged among themselves in 3! = 6 ways.
Required number of ways = (120 x 6) = 720.

13. How many 4-letter words with or without meaning, can be formed out of

the letters of the word, 'LOGARITHMS', if repetition of letters is not allowed?

A) 4050 B) 3600 C) 1200 D) 5040

Explanation: 'LOGARITHMS' contains 10 different letters.

Required number of words = Number of arrangements of 10 letters, taking 4
at a time.
10P4= 5040.
 14. How many integers, greater than 999 but not greater than 4000, can be
formed with the digits 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, if repetition of digits is allowed?
A) 376 B) 375 C) 500 D) 673
Explanation: first we find the no of numbers from is 1000 to 3999
Thousands place can be filled by any of the 4 digits (1,2,3,)in 3 ways
Hundreds, tens and units place) be filled in 5 ways each.
Hence, there are 3 x 5 x 5 x 5 or 375 numbers from 1000 to 3999.
Including 4000, there will be 376 such numbers.
15. The Indian Cricket team consists of 16 players. It includes 2 wicket
keepers and 5 bowlers. In how many ways can a cricket eleven be selected if
we have to select 1 wicket keeper and at least 4 bowlers?
A) 1024 B) 1900 C) 2000 D) 1092
Explanation:
We are to choose 11 players including 1 wicket keeper and 4 bowlers or, 1
wicket keeper and 5 bowlers.
Number of ways of selecting 1 wicket keeper, 4 bowlers and 6 other players
in 2C1*5C4*9C6
= 840
Number of ways of selecting 1 wicket keeper, 5 bowlers and 5 other players
in 2C1*5C5*9C5=252
Total number of ways of selecting the team = 840 + 252 = 1092

Chapter 8: Probability
Probability of occurrence of an event:
 𝑛(𝐸)
Let S be the sample space and let E be an event.Then P(E) =
𝑛(𝑆)

In tossing a coin, S = {H,T}

If two coins are tossed,then S = {HH,HT,TH,TT}

In rolling a dice , we have, S = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6}

A pack of cards of each cards has 52 cards.

It has 13 cards of each suit,namely Spades,Clubs,Hearts and Diamonds.

Cards of Spades and Clubs are black cards.

Cards of Hearts and Diamonds are red cards.

There are 4 honours of each suit.

These are Aces ,Kings,Queens and Jacks.

These are called face cards.

Problems
1.In a throw of a coin, find the probability of getting a head.

1 1 2 1
a) b) c) d) (a)
2 3 3 4

2.Two unbiased coins are tossed.What is the probability of getting at

most one head?

1 3 1 2
a) b) c) d) (3/4)
2 4 4 4

3.An unbiased die s are tossed.Find the probability of getting multiple

of 3.
 2 1 1
a) b) c) d)1 (2/6=1/3)
3 2 3

4.In a simultaneous throw of a pair of dice,find the probability of

getting a total more than 7.

5 4 7 10
a) b) c) d) ( (2,6),(3,5)…….so
12 12 12 12

15/36=5/12)

5.A bag contains 6 white and 4 black balls.Two balls are drawn at
random.Find the probability that they are of the same colour.

1 2 5 7
a) b) C) d) (n(s) =10 C2 =45 n( E ) =6C2+4C2=21 ans 21/45
15 15 15 15

=7/15)

6. In a simultaneous throw of two coins,the probability of getting at

least one head is

1 1 2 3
a) b) c) d) (3/4)
2 3 3 4

7.In a single throw of a die,what is the probability of getting a number

greater than 4?

1 1 2 1
a) b) c) d) (2/6=1/3)
2 3 3 4

8.Two dice are thrown simultaneously.What is the probability of

getting two numbers whose product is even?

1 3 3 5
a) b) c) d) ( 27/36=3/4)
2 4 8 16

9.A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards.The probability of getting a

queen of club or king of heart is
 1 2 1 1
a) b) c) d) (2/52=1/26)
13 13 26 52

10.One card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards.What is the probability

that the card drawn is either a red card or a king?

1 6 7 27
a) b) c) d) (28/52=14/26=7/13)
2 13 13 52

11.From a pack of 52 cards,one card is drawn at random.What is the

probability that the card drawn is a ten or a spade?

4 1 1 1
a) b) c) d) (16/52=4/13)
13 4 13 26

12.A bag contains 6 black and 8 white balls.One ball is drawn at

random.What is the probability that the ball drawn is white?

3 4 1 3
a) b) c) d) ( 8/14=4/7)
4 7 8 7

13.Two dice are thrown simultaneously.What is the probability of

getting a total score of 7?

1 3 1 2
a) b) c) d) ( 6/36 =1/36)
6 4 8 3

14.A bag contains 5 green and 7 red balls.Two balls are drawn.Find the
probability that one is green and the other is red,

35 3 33 1
a) b) c) d) ( 5C1 x7C1 / 12 C2 =35/66)
66 4 66 2

15. When four fair dice are rolled simultaneously, in how many
outcomes will at least one of the dice show 3?
A) 620 B) 671 C) 625 D) 567
Explanation:
 When 4 dice are rolled simultaneously, there will be a total of 6 x 6 x 6 x 6 =
1296 outcomes.
The number of outcomes in which none of the 4 dice show 3 will be 5 x 5 x
5 x 5 = 625 outcomes.
Therefore, the number of outcomes in which at least one die will show 3 =
1296 – 625 = 671

Study Materials and References:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1spNAkzECUpExmI9ko-cfW73J_aIjvG1f/view?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1zId-UTXQy1ftC5UEFJ3Ch_YHTKpsnf3r/view?usp=sharing

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