MRL For Non Corporate Client
MRL For Non Corporate Client
MRL For Non Corporate Client
To,
__________________
Chartered Accountants
Address
Dear Sirs,
This representation letter is provided in connection with your audit of the financial statements of
_____________ for the year ended on March 31, 20XX for the purpose of expressing an opinion as to
whether the financial statements give a true and fair view of the financial position of
_________________________ as of March 31, 20XX and the results of its operations and Cash flows for
the year ended on that date.
1. Our Responsibilities
1.1. We acknowledge our responsibility with respect to the preparation of these financial statement
that give true and fair view of the financial position, financial performance and cash flows of the
entity in accordance with the applicable legal requirements and recognized accounting policies
and practices, including the applicable accounting standards issued by the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India and for making accurate representations to you. Our responsibility includes
the maintenance of adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions of the Act for
safeguarding of the assets of the entity and for preventing and detecting frauds and other
irregularities, selection and application of appropriate accounting policies, making judgments and
estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and design, implementation and maintenance of
internal financial controls that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy and
completeness of the accounting records relevant to the preparation and presentation of the
Financial Statements that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement,
whether due to fraud or error.
1.2. We also acknowledge our responsibility for the completeness of information provided to you.
1.3. Further, we acknowledge that we have provided you with all relevant information and access as
agreed in the terms of the audit engagement and that all transactions have been recorded and
are reflected in the Financial Statements.
2. We confirm, to the best of our knowledge and belief, the following representations:
A. Accounting Policies:
(1) The accounting policies which are material or critical in determining the results of the operations
for the year or financial position or cash flows, are set out in the financial statements and are
consistent with those adopted in the financial statements for the previous year. The financial
statements are prepared on accrual basis.
(2) We have reviewed the Entity's accounting policies and having regard to the possible alternative
policies, the selection and application of accounting policies are consistent with the applicable
Accounting Standards and are appropriate.
(3) The financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis. We have no plans or intentions
that may materially affect the carrying value or classification of assets and liabilities reflected in
the financial statements.
(4) The presentation and disclosures in the financial statements, including the notes thereto, have
been made in accordance with the requirements of the Accounting Standards, as applicable.
Accordingly, the comparative figures in the financial statements. including - those in the notes
have also been regrouped reclassified and disclosed appropriately.
(5) All events subsequent to the Balance Sheet date and for which the applicable Accounting
standards require adjustment or disclosure have been adjusted or disclosed, and no other
circumstances/ events/ matters have come to our attention up to the time of signing this letter,
which require adjustment of or disclosure in the financial statements or in the notes thereto or
would materially affect the accounts and the related disclosures for the year ended March 31,
20XX.
B. Accounting Estimates:
(1) We used appropriate measurement processes, including related assumptions and models, in
determining the accounting estimate in the context of the applicable Accounting standards.
(3) The assumptions appropriately reflect our intent and ability to carry out specific courses of
action on behalf of the entity, where relevant to the accounting estimates and disclosures.
(4) Disclosures related to accounting estimates are complete and appropriate under the applicable
Accounting standards.
(5) No subsequent event requires adjustment to the accounting estimates and disclosures included
in the financial statements, and no other matter has come to our attention up to the time of
signing this letter, which would materially affect the accounts and the related disclosures for the
year ended March 31, 20XX.
(1) The Firm/proprietor has satisfactory title to all assets and there are no liens or encumbrances on
the firm/proprietor’s assets, except for those that are disclosed in notes X to the financial
statements.
(2) No capital expenditure has been charged to revenue and vice versa. During the year, no physical
verification of PPE has been carried out as per the planned programme.
(3) All purchases/acquisitions and disposals/write offs of PPE assets during the year have been duly
approved by the appropriate authority.
(4) Title deeds of all immovable properties are held in the name of the entity.
(5) The entity follows cost model/revaluation model for all item of PPE. The net book value, at
which PPE assets are stated in the balance sheet, has been arrived at:
(a) After taking into account all capital expenditure and additions thereto;
(b) After eliminating the cost and accumulated depreciation relating to items sold, discarded,
demolished or destroyed;
(c) After charging adequate depreciation as per the accounting policy adopted.
(6) The Entity has maintained proper records showing full particular and quantitative details of the
fixed assets. All assets have been accounted for appropriately.
(7) The discrepancies in PPE assets if any, on physical verification have been quantified. The
accounting adjustment for the same is carried out on reconciliation.
(8) Capital work in progress is capitalized when completion certificate is received as per the
procedure followed by the Entity. All CWIP are capitalized when the same is put to use. No item
of CWIP has been abandoned or discontinued after the close of the financial year 20XX and till
date.
Depreciation of these PPE commences when the assets are put to use. Depreciation on all PPE is
provided based on their respective useful lives on reducing balance method.
D. Capital Commitments:
(2) At the Balance Sheet date, there were no outstanding commitments for capital expenditure or
any other commitments except those disclosed in the Note no. _____ to the Financial
Statements.
E. Investments:
(1) The current investments as appearing in the balance sheet consist of only such investment as
are by their nature readily realizable and intended to be held for not more than one year from
the respective dates on which they were made. All other investments have been shown in the
balance sheet as ‘long-term Investments’.
(2) Current investments have been valued at the lower of cost and fair value. Long-term
investments have been valued at cost, except when only permanent diminution in their value
has been provided for in ascertaining their carrying amount.
(3) In respect of offers of right issues received during the year, the rights have been either been
subscribed to, or renunciated, or allowed to lapse. In no case, they have been renunciated in
favour of third parties without consideration which has been properly accounted for in the
books of account.
(4) All the investments produced to you for physical verification belong to the entity and they do
not include any investments held on behalf of any person.
(5) The entity has clear title to all its investments including such investments which are in the
process of being registered in the name of the entity or which are not held in the name of the
entity and there are no charges against the investments of the entity except those appearing in
the records of the entity.
(6) The investments sold are not at a price less than that at which they were purchased by the
entity/reasonable price/fair market value.
Or
The entity has not sold any investments during the year.
(7) The Entity has held certain part of land and building (define that part) as Investment in
immovable properties. This immovable property is held to earn rentals or for capital
appreciation or both. The Entity has appropriately done classification in Investment property
and Owner-occupied property. Such investment property is recognised and measured in
financial statements at cost model, the same as mentioned in Property, Plant and Equipment.
(8) Income arising from such Investment property is appropriately recognised in the books of
account.
F. Inventories:
(2) The basis of valuation is/are the same as that /those used in the previous year, except as set out
below:
(3) All goods included in the inventory are the property of the entity, none of the goods are held as
consignee for others or as bailee, and except as set out in the Financial Statements, none of the
goods are subject to any charge or reservation of title.
(4) In valuing inventory, due consideration has been given to the saleability of the stock. In
accordance with the procedure, obsolete inventory is identified and segregated from live
inventory from time to time and written off in books of accounts. Inventory includes items of
stores & spares, which have not moved for 3 years. Necessary provision has been made in the
Accounts for such items as per policy. Provision for non-moving inventories consisting of raw
materials, finished goods and semi-finished goods have been made in the accounts.
(5) The following provisions have been made in respect of excess, slow-moving, damaged, or
obsolete inventories and the same, in our view, is adequate.
Sr. No. Item Qty Value
(6) Inventories recorded in the books as at March 31, 20XX aggregating to Rs._____are based upon
the physical inventories taken as at March 31, 20XX by actual count, weight or measurement.
The material discrepancies noticed on physical verification of stocks as compared to book
records have been properly dealt with in the books of account and subsequent transactions
recorded in the accounts fairly reflect the changes in the inventories up to March 31, 20XX.
(7) Inventories appearing in the accounts are owned by the Entity and do not include goods sold to
customers for which delivery is yet to be made.
(8) We confirm:
a) the completeness of information provided regarding the inventory; and
b) adherence to laid down procedures for physical inventory count.
(9) The Entity has maintained adequate records for the inventories lying with third parties. Further,
we have obtained confirmation for the stock lying with such parties.
(1) The following items are appearing in the books as at 31st March:
Particulars Balance as on 31st March
Balances with bank in current account
Cash in hand
Bank Deposits
(2) We confirm that all bank balances which are shown above have been reconciled and balance-
confirmation is obtained from each bank. No material discrepancies have been observed on
such reconciliation and there are no major outstanding cheques.
(3) All Bank Accounts as appearing in the Balance Sheet as at March 31, 20XX are held in the Entity's
name. All cash balances are held in the custody of the Entity's officials authorized in this behalf.
(4) We have recorded or disclosed, as appropriate, all earmarked balances with banks, balances
with banks to the extent held as margin money or security against the borrowings, guarantees
and other commitments and bank deposits with a maturity period of more than 12 months.
(5) The Bank deposits are in the name of the Entity and are physically verified by the management.
No material discrepancies have been observed on such verification. All the above deposits are
free from any lien except the following:
Deposit held as Margin money for bank guarantee & LC `
H. Cash Balance
(1) In financial statements, cash balance as on March 31, 20XX was Rs. ______ and physically
verified and certified as per the internal policy.
(1) Trade Receivables, Loans and Advances (including other current assets) as appearing in the
books of accounts as at March 31, 20XX are good and recoverable except where provision for
doubtful debt/advances are made.
(2) The ageing of Trade Receivables has been correctly done as disclosed in Note ___. Moreover,
the balances of loans and advances as on March 31, 20XX, have been correctly segregated
between secured and unsecured and between good and doubtful balances.
(3) Debtors' confirmation has been sought from parties. Wherever such letter of confirmation has
been received, and discrepancy, it any, noticed, the same is reconciled is properly dealt with
the parties. Balance confirmation in respect of some of the debtors is awaited. However, the
Entity does not envisage any material impact on current year's results on finalization.
(4) In our opinion, other current assets have a value on realization in the ordinary course of the
entity's business which is at least equal to the amount at which they are stated in the balance
sheet.
(5) The employees to whom the loans and advances in the nature of loans are given are the
principal as stipulated and the entity is taking reasonable steps for recovery of the same.
(6) Advance Tax paid includes amount of Tax deducted at source for which necessary certificates
are yet to be received/ 26AS yet to be updated. We are in the process of collecting these
certificates/ensuring 26AS is updated and the entire amount is considered good and
recoverable.
(7) All foreign currency assets and liabilities as on the date of balance sheet have been restated at
the average of TT buying and selling rates of SBI as on ________.
(8) The following items appearing in the books as at 31st March, ____________are considered
good and fully recoverable with the exception of those specifically shown as doubtful’’ in the
Balance Sheet.
J. Creditors:
(1) The Entity has a policy of seeking confirmations from its creditors in the month of
December/March every year. Wherever such letter of confirmation is received, it is reconciled
with book balance and discrepancy, if any, is properly resolved by engaging the creditors
concerned in the process of proper addressal of the discrepancy/discrepancies. Upon resolution
of discrepancy/discrepancies, the necessary adjustments are carried out in the books, if
required. The Balance confirmations in respect of some of the creditors are awaited. However,
the entity does not envisage any material impact on current year's financial results on
reconciliation/settlement of dues with such parties.
(2) Further, the details from the vendors have been sought as to whether they are covered under
MSMED Act 2006 (as amended from time to time) or not. Based on information obtained, we
confirm that payments to such parties have generally been made within the time frame
stipulated under the said Act. There may be few instances where payments are overdue or were
made after the due date. In such cases, the interest for delayed period has been provided/paid,
as the case may be, at the stipulated rate under the MSMED Act and has been appropriately
disclosed in the Financial Statements. (Refer Note No._________ to the Financial Statements).
K. Liabilities:
(2) The Entity has not defaulted in repayment of loans/borrowings to financial institutions, Banks or
government.
(3) There are no uncontested demands for Provident Fund / ESI and other statutory dues from the
respective authorities which remain to be paid and/or provided.
(4) We have disclosed in notes to the financial statements, all guarantees that we have given to
third parties and all other contingent liabilities.
(5) Contingent liabilities disclosed in the notes to the financial statements do not include any
contingencies which are likely to result in a loss and which, therefore, require adjustment of
assets or liabilities.
(1) Provision has been made in the accounts for all known losses and claims of material amounts.
(2) There have been no events subsequent to the balance sheet date which require adjustment of
or disclosure in, the financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) There are no uncontested demands for Provident Fund / ESI and other statutory dues from the
respective authorities which remain to be paid and/or provided.
(4) During the year, Provident Fund dues have been regularly deposited with the appropriate
authorities. The Employees State Insurance Scheme is not applicable to the entity.
(5) All contested legal dues to the extent not provided in the books are shown under contingent
liabilities.
(6) To the best of our knowledge and belief, contingent liabilities disclosed in the notes to the
financial statements do not include any contingencies which are obligations resulting in a loss
and therefore, require adjustment of assets or liabilities.
(7) The Entity has analyzed the cases pending against the it into probable, possible and remote
category and provision has been made for the cases falling under probable category. In respect
of the other categories the same have been included in the Contingent Liabilities.
(8) The Entity's pending litigations comprise of claims against the Entity and proceedings pending
with Tax/ Statutory/Government Authorities. The Entity has reviewed all its pending litigations
and proceedings and has made adequate provisions, wherever required and disclosed the
contingent liabilities, wherever applicable in its Financial Statements.
(9) The Entity did not have any long-term contracts including derivative contracts for which there
were any material foreseeable losses.
(10) To the best of our knowledge and information, we have disclosed in the notes to the financial
statements all guarantees given to third parties and all other contingent liabilities.
(1) Except as disclosed in the financial statements, the results for the year were not materially
affected by:
a) Transactions of a nature not usually undertaken by the firm/concern;
b) Circumstances of an exceptional or non-recurring nature;
c) Charges or credit relating to prior years
d) Changes in accounting policies.
N. General:
(1) The following have been properly recorded and, when appropriate, adequately disclosed in the
financial statements;
(2) There have been no irregularities involving management or employees who have a significant
role in the accounting and internal control systems which could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
(3) The financial statements are free of material misstatements, including omissions.
(4) The entity has complied with all aspects of contractual agreements that could have a material
effect on the financial statements in the event of non-compliance. There has been no non-
compliance with requirements of regulatory authorities that could have a material effect on the
financial statements in the event of non-compliance.
(5) We have made available to you all books of account and supporting documentation and all
minutes of meetings of shareholders and the board of directors.
(6) We confirm the completeness of the information provided regarding the identification of related
parties and transactions with related parties.
(7) No other claims in connection with litigation have been or are expected to be received.
Fraud
b) We acknowledge our responsibility for the design, implementation and maintenance of internal
controls to prevent and detect fraud and error.
c) We hereby declare that we have disclosed to you, the results of our assessment of the risk that the
Financial Statements may be materially misstated as a result of fraud.
d) The management is fully apprised of its responsibility for proper disclosure of frauds. All significant
facts relating to frauds, if any or suspected frauds known to management have been properly
disclosed. No fraud on or by the entity have been noticed or reported during the year.
For ABC
Partner/Proprietor
Place:
Date: