Android Bluetooth

Bluetooth is a way to exchange data with other devices wirelessly. Android provides Bluetooth
API to perform several tasks such as:

o scan bluetooth devices

o connect and transfer data from and to other devices
o manage multiple connections etc.

Android Bluetooth API

The android.bluetooth package provides a lot of interfaces classes to work with bluetooth
such as:

o BluetoothAdapter
o BluetoothDevice
o BluetoothSocket
o BluetoothServerSocket
o BluetoothClass
o BluetoothProfile
o BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener
o BluetoothHeadset
o BluetoothA2dp
o BluetoothHealth
o BluetoothHealthCallback
o BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration

BluetoothAdapter class
By the help of BluetoothAdapter class, we can perform fundamental tasks such as initiate
device discovery, query a list of paired (bonded) devices, create a BluetoothServerSocket
instance to listen for connection requests etc.
Constants of BluetoothAdapter class

BluetoothAdapter class provides many constants. Some of them are as follows:

o String ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE
o String ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE
o String ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED
o String ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED

Methods of BluetoothAdapter class

Commonly used methods of BluetoothAdapter class are as follows:

o static synchronized BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter() returns the instance of

BluetoothAdapter.
o boolean enable() enables the bluetooth adapter if it is disabled.
o boolean isEnabled() returns true if the bluetooth adapter is enabled.
o boolean disable() disables the bluetooth adapter if it is enabled.
o String getName() returns the name of the bluetooth adapter.
o boolean setName(String name) changes the bluetooth name.
o int getState() returns the current state of the local bluetooth adapter.
o Set<BluetoothDevice> getBondedDevices() returns a set of paired (bonded)
BluetoothDevice objects.
o boolean startDiscovery() starts the discovery process.

Android Bluetooth Example: enable, disable and make

discovrable bluetooth programmatically

activity_main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:androclass="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

tools:context=".MainActivity" >

<TextView android:text=""

android:id="@+id/out"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content">

</TextView>

<Button

android:id="@+id/button1"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

android:layout_alignParentTop="true"

android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"

android:layout_marginTop="49dp"

android:text="TURN_ON" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button2"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button1"

android:layout_below="@+id/button1"

android:layout_marginTop="27dp"

android:text="DISCOVERABLE" />

<Button
 android:id="@+id/button3"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button2"

android:layout_below="@+id/button2"

android:layout_marginTop="28dp"

android:text="TURN_OFF" />

</RelativeLayout>

Provide Permission

You need to provide following permissions in AndroidManifest.xml file.

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:androclass="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.bluetooth"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >

<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="16" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

<application
 android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.example.bluetooth.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>

</manifest>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.bluetooth;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.TextView;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 0;

private static final int REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE_BT = 0;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

final TextView out=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.out);

final Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

final Button button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);

final Button button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);

final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {

out.append("device not supported");

button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

public void onClick(View v) {

if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {

Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);

startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);

});

button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override
 public void onClick(View arg0) {

if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {

//out.append("MAKING YOUR DEVICE DISCOVERABLE");

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "MAKING YOUR DEVICE DISCOVERABLE",

Toast.LENGTH_LONG);

Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);

startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE_BT);

});

button3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View arg0) {

mBluetoothAdapter.disable();

//out.append("TURN_OFF BLUETOOTH");

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "TURNING_OFF BLUETOOTH", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);

});

@Override

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.

getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);

return true;

}
}