Divisibility

Divisibility by 2 4 8 16
2 8
1342
Last IF git when lastthree
24 16
whenLast 4
when itslast ofNo is Divisible
digits are
by 4 Digits an
Digit is Divided divisible by8 divisible
by2
by 16

Number such that

9b c are Real
if where m and n
945422 1 and a c up
atbt 1 0

are lo prime n m
find

Hint
92 542 1
4229454296
b I
9452
296 922 945495 96
9452 9452
tab
9254ab112 a

Also we know that

19 b220 945495 395

gyeg
9452 29520 ab
4
 3 and 9
Divisibility test for
the
Number is Divisible by 3 Then
if sum of Digits of a

Number is Divisible by 3
Number is Divisible by9 Then
sum of Digits of a
if
the Number is Divisible by 9

53 125 54 625
5
52 25
5
whenlast i
when Last Two
if end place
Digit of a Three Digit
a number is
of ie Divisible by
either ZERO a
25
5 Then theNO
is Divisible by
5

Divisibility by
and 19
7 Add
Remains same
two times the last Digit That
if
These

of a No Then sub it from instead of sub of

the rest of the No if it 7
it Zero asmultiple of 7 the 15203
Divisible by 7
Then the No is
 Repeat the same if I cheek it
and 7 15230

required

1925

192 5 2

182
18 2 21

14

Divisibility by 11
them
odd Digits and sumof
of Difference Bw the sumof place
is either zero at
multiple of
places Digits

1001 7 11 13

10101 3 7 13 37

10001 73 737
Divisibility test for 1
No
sees it from the rest of the
9 times the last and then
required then repeat
if it Divisible by 13 or
not if
the same

10101 118
1001 same
Repeat the

10 9
1 9
91
the same
Repeat
9 19
ZERI

Divisibility test far 17

Mumby and sub it from Rest
5 times the last Digit of a

Divisible by 17
obtained whether it is ETRO as

1773568 Non Divisible

Prime numbers are Always in the form of GKI when

KEI
consecutive Number is Always
The product of three
D sible by 3
 Perfect as ibed
sum of all Division of n exceptn equal

to the Number it self

in fae which
Number of the integel
9 find the
1991 and 6 n43n 2
n

Hint 2 3 Entreaty

and HyCnD
ht2In D

1991 921

I 1991 663 1328

2and9
Question let there be a six Digit Number consisting of only
of such
Numbers
the number
This No it Divisible
by T find
Hint
222222
Question what is sum of a intega n such that

n42n 2 Divides n 4744h 14

Hint n 4n 4n 14 a so
n 2nt2 413ft n 9

divisible
only when
2 18 72 20 2
n 16
4 n 4

i i i i or i i 34
Now 11
41 24 04
4 9
21 9
A 41

n which
what is the largest integee for
9
n 111
1631 is Divisible by
n
9 5 9739 when
misadd
n
divisible
Divided
 1631 1331 n 11

4 11 3W

n ase
Also cheek

Question what is largest positive integer n such that

n 110
m 100 is Divisible by 890

Sophie Germain Identity

94 454 947 2642 2194 253 2941253

94262 295

92262 296 94262 295

9 3 64 96 32

Then
Number is Divisible by99
Quetton
if a 5 Digit Tayy
the value of 13 24
find
Divisibility by 11
Hint Divisibility by 9
0 11
7 43 1 7
7 247 7 3 019
y 2 3 0 1124331
my 117 0 9 181271
 myth 27
2 3 It and
g n

a find all Non Negative integral pairs ay forwhich

Ey 7 2kg2
Hint Cny 7
CTH 2ny

4
69,449 14mg 2kg

4213
y 6
24
2
nty 13
Cny 6

my 6 2 9 13
y 6 nty
1 13
1 13

10171 17201
Possible order Pair 3,4 1413
 congruence modulo unit Digit
Last Two Digit
Last Three Digit
Can Alsobe used
Binomial Theorem

modulo
a and b are said to be congruence

Two integee
m
b are Divisible by Mcnon
when a
i e a b modm Effigy
Remainder
the same
gives

Divisible bym
for ex at is always

17 11 mod3

then a and b are

are Different
the remainder
NOTE if denoted by
modulo m
Sai to be not
congruent

a b modm
97 of a b n and are Real Numbers such that
y 4 42
3
antby
3 an'tby and are 343 16 an by
Then findthe value
of ar5 by5
Hint 2
ax4by4 antsy 1 9 antby ay

andtafytb.fiby4 afy
bny Direilty

42 16 2 9
72g 16 76 4
3kg

Now 9ns 5
an4by4 nty an by Cry
by
No Comp

Question

1 7611 1711 __
20198
1 2020 2022

In caseof sq root the expression under squne not tryto

make it a perfect square
complicated terms
try to sustitate
eu pa.am
Lying
any µ
 It 027 1 12021 11

802121 2021
similarly
µg g

I 1 7 92771 17

modm and C d modm

9 b

bd modm

Chef c mistd
a mKtb

C MKtb Mk d

mklqtmicdtmkibtb
kd ab
ac
bdimlmk.la
d
modml
bd md ace bd
ac

a b Imadm Then a b modm MEN

if
Remainder
LastDigit
Binomial cyclicity
LastTwoDigit
LastThreeDigit
Proton Also
modm
b modm
ah b
a

a mktb ab my
2 953
ab mk ah b Ca b a a
by
an b 9b d
ahbh MILD
modm
941h 0

ah b modm

AC bC modm
when HCFCC.ms
a b modm only
otherwise c i cancel off want

mod4
15 271m64 6 12
mod4
mod4 4 4 14 3 whichis NOT
315 13 9
True
5 9 mad4
Hue 4,4 4
 Divided
the remainder when y99 a by 5
91 find
9 1349
717 7150

ax't hen y henny

Etyl
sub 2 50 9 1

150 1 otm9
cnn.ffjmm.mg

2023285
remainder when
Q1 find the 224 Divided
by 1130
372
574
Hint 0 mod1
2024

power
Raising

10,2023905
1202412023 modly

0 model
 a the remainder when 452,72
find divided by 3

Hint 452 1 mods

1453,72 2

a The Number 1479 197 is Divisible by 66

Petty x if niodd
yn

whether the Numb scanner

g check

45 36 81

1111111
Divisible by 3,9 11 121
4111

1
1 23 21
g find all integral solution of Y Y
Yin age
only
aypossible
outshution 0 when one.ee he
a
1
refyky treat it as a Quadratic
in re
x any
y my Then
using
quadratic

formale
219 2
y
ut
24 22
12 a 1
0 It is No Real
121 1
value

There is only one son

complete Residue system CRS Given Nombre

n the
any
all remainder that can be obtained by Dividing
of
No possible
any

n te n
inkjet by
take an example
n 14
let
12 1
OR 14 15 16 171 27
Reduced Residue system modulo n
coprime Relativelyprime
It is a collection
of all elements
of Not necessary that
no au prime
a complete Residue system modulo n
Éne
which are coprime with n Twin
Oil MW Prime do it
7 13 CRS 0111213 12 2

RRS 13 1112131 12

CRS 01112 117

h 12

RRS 112 1 517,11

Number then 9 reduced residue system

is a prime
NITE if p
modulo p is 112,3 p1

is Also called a D function

Euler Totient Function It
a number that are relatively
It counts the the integer upto given

prime to and is denoted

by 0in
9121
9141 2 9112 4
011

9 51 8
 Fermat's little Theorem FLT Fermat theorem

congruence
and intyd 9 The following
For any prime
No p any

Rule is aplicable

at a modp ged a b
OR
a modp
fdineechcase
ie 1
cis.gg
M 1214 14,2
ftp.ktp
24 4 mod2
2 mada

Proof
Aβ B
4 13 RoA B A B

Ep 1 P K E

At 3 AP P Afad.ae 13

B A BD modulo p

b ATB C ATB c ATB Bc

tFB C
Get
 ATB PC CP
AtB

AtB c ATB Ct modp

using eg
modb
AtB c AP P CP

Genealised

E A B Pt atoms modp
a terms
AtβtC
A BE 1
mod
1 1 1 opto aterme
1 14 aterm

at a modp a modp

Question show that 657 is Divisibleby 53

using
FIT
Hint mad53
6
 MEN
91 1 75 is always an integer

FI
let a h
an p3
p 5 NOW
m n 31
ns 1m05
43 1
1 Ktf It
7
ns.neocmods Kte n 1 1 75
5 3 5 7
En Kte n

nEn 5K

Ktf
 a b cen bae
t
a
EI atte
then
Hs C
Hint Telescopic

419 4 421 1 K2

f K 21 31442K I

É t It a I 1 1
4 Jit J f It
fit 2
42
IT 4 44

H
2 2
It 154 It 4

4
40 42 134

i
it.it i E
iii
 find I
QUEM
Es III 09999

6 14118

his
Eff if

II E E
in

I
2
City 1002
1 1
N 99
 Euler Totient Function Theorem Euler Phi Function

than n that are co pri ton

integer test
Theno of positive
is called Euler Totient function
it denoted
by 0in and

of pie prime

que feet
9121 1

93 112
11 13
9
9151 1,213,4

Euler Totient Function is multiplicative

criteria Formull
ETF

his prime
At
9in
n
PCP PCE
px ifppqareprime.CI 1 191

Either βas th
atbothare n
composite Ckd
example

35 9137 9151
9115
2 4
8

where a 1,412 xp
pen
if pisprime
11292 119
q
tfnmueapeeafp
CHI1 cn t
949 ufnk

2333 pk p
9174 9 0123 9134
p 1
2 1E 3 15
Proof
2 3

24

40
4110001 400
9 100
911251 9153
91500 9253 22
1256115
5361 1
5 24 2 100

125 4 E
5001 4 200
 Chinese Remainder Theorem CRT

prime positive integer greater

pairwise Relatively
let Mi me __ mn be
following
be in get Then the
than one and a 92 an arbitrary

system
modm
NE 93 modmz
I helmodm
NE 921
modmn
KE an

Mtn moduloM where Mt Mman mn

has a unique
other
solution n where 02am and all
There is a unique
solution
solutions are congruent modulo re totheir

When n M Req Mayast Manan

 22 5 Mody and 32 4 mod8

Hint
2N 5 mod71 and 3m 4 Chi 8

multiply bothsideby4
3179 6 4 mods
m
219 18 4 mod81
8N 20 mod7 4 mods
59 2
N 201 1007 59 E 2 mod8
multiply bobsideby 5
NE 6 mod7
259 E 5 2 mod8
NOW
a 10 mod8
79 6
9 2 mods

9 86 2

n 6 7 85 2

n 6 566 14

20 mod 8 7
91 Solve Fal
n

2 3 mod7 ME 10 modly
n 2 mods

melted
succesine substitution method
By BY CRT
2 3 mod7
59 model
59 2 17 355 10
E t
a 1 mod7 25 6 10 mod1
Now weNeed to
calculate
2b 41mod1
5 mod7

iiiiEiio
it.

multiply by6
126 4 6 mod11
mueply bothsideby 3

b I 24 a A11
159 31mod7
40T
a 3 mody b 2 mod1

a 75 3 b 11C 2
But 2 2 59
NOW

2 2 5 76 3

n 17 356 2 17 35 110 2

N 17 35 11C 70
87 5 1C
I 87 mod 5 7 11
 Chinese Remainder theorem
Problems Based on

NE 21mod31 3 mods NE 2 mod

Hint
93M
3m51 modM
MMT 92mm Smay

Allmodm az modma RE 93modmz M mixming

91 2 m 3 M 35 Mi 2 111mF Thomas

mods
92 3 Mar 5 Mz 21 Mj I 21 2

93 2 Mz Y Mz 15 M

1 mod 3 5 71
2 35 2 3 4 1 XI
HE

mod105
233

NE 23 mod1051
a solve for x

20 mod60
Imodis 5k
22 6 mod 4 32 9

n 3 mods n 4 mod 2
2 3 mod7

2 388 mod4201
Q Solve fae x
mod7 2 6 mod8
RE 3 mod5
518 7187 57 1 CRT
hint M 5 7 8
M 56 MT
3 mi 5
a
MI 3
My540
My 7
92 1
235 MI 3
Mg
93 6 m3 8

6 35 3 mod 5 7 81
50hm 3 56 1 11 40 3
p

N 918 mod280

78 mod2801
N

Question

31
NE 5 mod
2 5 mod11 n 14 Imody
theorem
CRT
41,29 29,31 131,11 Using

Re
 Wilson theorem WT John Wilson

Natural n 2 is a prime
if and only if
most important
11modn
A1

is Divided
Question
find the remainder when
33 by37

Hint
mod37
37 1 42
6 7
EDA
36 mod37 6 8
69
36 35 34 33 I 1 mod37 6 10
v
6 11
33 1 1mod37
f 2 C3
mod37
6 33
6 31 33
31 mad371 y
37
8447 102
33 31 mod37
 the remainder when 976 is Divided by 101
Question find

Hint
100 1 mod101

100 99 98
1 Imod101
97
modloy
4 12 C3 97 E 1

6 97 1 mod101

multiply both side by 17

6 17 97 7 mod701

97 I 17 mod1

Q1 find the remainder when 51 it Divided

by
A
prime
Hint
using IT

60 1 mod61
I 1 mod
611
53 52 51
60 59 58 57 56 55 54
51 I 1 model
C8 9
f21731 1 4 57 1 6 C 7

362880 51 I 1 mod61 61 5261 9

52 51 1 mod61 52 9 5 7
7111 2
9
7 2131 044 4,9
HOW
7 2131

1 13712

1 7 13 9 741

1 7 319 711163

1 9131 724
915 4
1 9631 2

1 91 3 5214 9120

1 52147 9623
52141 6 23 61 5211
1

52 4 616231 23 52
1

1 61123 52627

mod61
52 27 51 Residue

511 I 27 mod61
Q what is the remainder when 149 is Divided by139

RemainderZERO

the remainder when is Divided

Q find 67 by71
Remainder 2

when 30 I Divided 899

the remainder
a find
20
18
91
195 394
Q
94 97
a

91 let a be an integer such that

remainder
Then find the
f 3 3

when a ie Divided
by 13
 Base Number

2
103
8 107 1 10 3 100
2813
de

Base Radix Subscript

Base 10 N

Base 2 Binary Nz

Base 8 Coital Numbers 48

1416
Hexadecimal Numbell
Base 16

into mm
convert
125 Binay 1110012

L
11001

420
1
16 8 0 0 1 25
Question
Number
convert 4281,0
to octal

8 128 0
2001g
8 0

470 80

128 0 to 28

convert into Binary

40.257,0
Next
025 2 050
1010

050 1 1.00
2 0

10.012
10 25 1010.0112

43 23 convert into
Q Binary

A
40101100172
Question
a number in Base 10 it 503 in base b and 305 in

base 5 2 Then what is the product of Digits of N

Hint
61 366212 0 164 5 65210
N 5 62 0 3 60

315443 4 5
552 3
262723 14 D
5 7 1
52 65 7 0

NOW 2 4 8 64
NOW N 248

the equation
I 53 76 is a root of
Q1 if integers
where a b c d are

4 923 bx intd 0

then the value of latbted

a If 52 5

2 3 256
59 246 2562

212 2562 1 276

22 1 276 2562
 2 2 1
22 1
bold sides
59 Again

24 2221 24122 221 1

23 0
24 2222 482

9 a lose 80 will be a root

of

Hint

n 4

sides
4 51 sq both
n
222N 4 222 4 0
 Greatest integer function

co Domain
ten Ex is greatest
A function fp is Defined
by
to N
main integer less than or equal

In R
for
to ex 0 9 1
44 4
0.93 0
LR Floor function

stair GIF gint step Function

Least integel
of x ceiling of

107 0 4
12.87 3
f 4.87
yG
044 0
0
14242 I 2 o_0
2 0
24223
is 124,59 s s

1420 t
02
2 a Discontinuen
1 3 This is
g KC am
at integral
Point
 2 if f2
Ex 472 Lfintyue
I
X of REZ
En
2 4 G 4

2
Enter

2 AHIFARIIA cheek for allRed

ER If
2 5
cheek 2 4 2 2
4
5 3 2
5 5

1 n n 2
En
1 10 2
10 2
n
In In 1 10
a 25
In

D ne c 75
a
BE
In
42 RE
n
GILD MEI
22h n x natl
2 20
10 a

1022221
ay find
the Monribe
of positive inte.pl which satisfy

whee CI It

RHS D 2,3 __ 98 980

Hint when Lns
197 970
Then n 101 102
LUSIANS
202 296 95
2 Then R
Lhs Rh5
593
LhS RHS 3 Then

95 93e 1
No 98 97
Total

98 49,2
49 2 49

49 51
50 1 2499
50 1

2 ER
8 2 yet FP
9 gon year year p
are
4
It 42 4 0.2
5.0 0.0
50
5 0.2
4.8

44 13
9
1 FEI
0424 I Sx
12 222 It is a Periodic function having Period I
N 2
24223
 0 2 1
11 93
Caty

2 1 2 2.3 2 79 9 88
1
Caty a 9 a 93
qty
23 1237 88
1.22.3 79 8.8 7.93
2
3 1 1677 8
3 3 16715

Hermits Identity

Cnn
Cath CR J Eat

E
n MEN

I LET 4
Proof
we know that
2 E If
Replace a h

en I
Repla n

2 4
n 14
it
143 4 compute
 let
h Iw
483 415 LET
1 24 1 9
CE 1 4 1 3
504 25 13 643 24 It 0 00

Numbers
Question consider the sequence of

fue n where I 917

httn
sequence are n any 2h32
in the
if missing
integers

Then 412
2 4 D 5

n 1 2 1
6 52 1 9 17 11
44 7 75 8 n6

How terms
missing
initiate

8 3 4
Indoist cult

in 1
funeral Perm will be Quadratic
En an bbtc
1 2 4 th
attic
Ittf
 2
n 3
M

3 49 36 2 6 99 35 2

93 FP
Real Number k let 97
Q for
any
Number n satisfying
all
let A denote the setof

n
Nt a 2 1
20
s
Then find
of all numbers in A
if S is the sum

Hint
2083 Ex 23 Cn Ent's

1983 a
let Itt
2 03 0.33
1917 74 2 Itt Itf

19 f 2 I ft's
0

198 31 0

0 tc 4
new
 284
198 31 0

z 198 31 1
NOW NOW

fC 192 198 19
98 21
04312 192 31 1 419

3148
I 0111213 1 6

0
77
1 8 I 2,314,5

II
8 79 3 44
f
I 2 f when

I 3 8
1 2 8 7
why f
1 4 8 79
1 5 f

1
9 21
A solve the equations

In n x 2 52 10

Hint
a 23

n 28N 10
a n a

a
n 10 I
a In c
f
f 70
Ixf I

f
I 6,718 9,10
8
8

If
8 10
645 7 98
Q solve for x

floor function
n
FPF

Hint
n

Now
Replace n 8

8 3
I IE
8 13
I 28 ENI CRITI

I 21 128
8 3
f
if 284 off 22
28
287 0
128 0,1

ft Now
ft
2
32 ft
P now Don't
f But 283 1
 f 1 2822

feb 4

21 134

I 2 3,4

f f f

n Itf
 solve the equation
Q

2K K 2127

Hint In 2
gene

a 38N
canbeseentene
2
Directly g 01 112
23 0

a 1

2 4

In 3
0

n 01112
0
13

2 23
n 0
 solution to the equations
all Real
9 find

40 a 51 0
4m

Hint
we berow that

Cry x

a 40N
40
2
4 40 51
4122445
4
2
40 51 40

222 34 62 51 40

22 17 0
2 22 17 3 EB
E RP to
22 3 22 17 0
RE 4 3
3 32 n 172 0

n
3 40 a 51 0
a 2 5,4 657,18 4m
when n3 2 when g
a 3
421280 51 0 n Eˢ
422 120 51 0 8
422 4 IN
2
4 69 n E
Ef
NOW check
TIX
its 9ft
wheatre it tequila 3arnot
 maximum the integer K such that
the
a find
10024 1986
10I is an integer
HOMEWORK
11K

we berow
n
Exponent of prime p in

E Cdp 1 2 fate
Formull 54 3 2
Legendre
go 0 9 8746

9 E 5 4
9
5 2 1 8
25 2 2014
25 22 21

m
1000 1mi 10024 1986 My
1000 11k yg
1986 NOW I 9 1 9 14
11k MI
180 16 1 0 197

Requied valuable 98611

1000
My 19 11 8
90 8 98
197 98 99
 Number
Product of last Two Digit of the
Q
I 97
L
Hint
4033 33 33
Hint
1031
3

9 I
I 3

1062 3 10349
7nm3
This will be 1
1031
10 3 9 1

10
1031
3 8

to a
product of digits EEE
 let IT E 62000
a s

find 5

Hint
3 timel

g 5 times complete it
now
3 7 times

The solution to the equation

Q
denoted
Number are
where a is a Real
m 4 Cr 5

the integel K
some
by 2 22 see feel

nz
NI
fx
m
find

H m 443 5
0
Ut fin 23 423 5
2
1312
at's cheek when a
a 3
a I 2443
En 2
 Then 5
2 23 4 2
when G
m 13
m 8 a 43
U

3 x 2
3

n 3

NOW 243 223 13 3

10

Question

solve the Eq
all Real act
and find the sum of
2 1 2 1
ANSI 2

Hint 22
gag

323 2K

Ut n Itf
31 38
21 28
a I 38 3
2
28
383 31 21 28
31 that
But we blow
f4 387 0,112
0238 3
when when
383 0 83 1
2
38 1 1438

028 f
I 0 28
1 1 312 28

f 1 512 28

1 54
c
f

0 41 312

32 233

459
312
2
LIC If
I 1
 evaluate

it
where does not

represent 927
Hint
997 1
I

992
4 in

98
To

bitterent
Noozy be real Number
Question let 26 2

from such that

retrat 22024 1 and

In 1 1 L

of the expression
Then the value

E
 me

1 Fm
22024
24 Eg 22 7 4 22024
1 712024

Ent 24 m
oy

1 1

Of The Number
of integee Stitution
of
too 700 5 where get

Hint Itf
RTI 38
5
f Itf I It
1 8
Itf I
Cf I 5

5 f I 6
 5 If 46 125
12 1 4
12 1
12 4
I I
1 12

1 Now When I 2
1 2
Not possible Then it NOT
5 f 26
544 28 6 possible
2
1 28
1 fat Notposible
214
NOW
1 2
2 12
2 8

52 1 823

524 043
2 300
5 50
2 300
250
2521 299
Here on 250 251
a A Natural K is such that

factal
Then what is largest prime
K 2014 CCK1,2
of K

It
Ktl
Kate
44
IF
K 44
2 2
10
Here 2442

Number a b c d e satisfy
Q The Real
et5 atb c dtet3
5 2 3 d 4
9 1
92 52 2 442
Then what is
the value of
att etf
43 at 1 4
9 1
att bta
d a 3 e 9 4
b a 1 c a 2

Nowtaking 1st last

a 9 3 9 4 3
att at a 1
Here 0 0 D I e 2 find
92
 denotes the sum of even digits of n
Question at Eln

for example E 1243 2 4 6

E 377 E 100
Then what is
the value of Ecy ECH

400
Question at a b c be Real Numbel such that

Then what is he
and 89 43
C 7
9 7b 8C 4

value of a 4c

4 7b 89 0 7 45
atge
Now aiind
squaring Adding

976402 166 16 4962 565

5651
64942 16 49 1662

6592 6502 65 6562

92 6202 1
9 Suppose a is a the Real Number such that

Ca n are in Geometric Progression where

R2 a Fp
Least the n such that 7 937
Then find integer

a bC AP
2h7100
2b 9 0

Hint if ab C me Prop

a3 v52 BY Definition 529C

1 f f
as well as in I
which is Quadratic in f

f If 12 0

III 14412
f 2 1

E I
II I f This
f e.ie

is to be
rejected
II F I
f 2

f EI I

so let I 1
How 55 there
f o f4
n Itf If
 55 NOW
n 7100
E
Here n 10

a three Digit
number abo ie deleted
Q when the tens digit of
abe
as is formed How many such
numbers
a Number
Two Digit
are there such that abc 99C 4C

Hint
loxa NC 4 6
9 100 15 10 2 1 9

109 lobtc 13C

b 6a
natiob 120 9 2
9 b 4
9
5 atb 76C the
If 9
9 6
9 5 6 6 0

605 155 515 245 425 335

 Cardon's method to find the roots of cubic egh

of the form

an bR C 0

a 0

m 8 4 0

p bla 9 49

1 3 4 194 1
7 83 1 47

Question
using
Cardon's method find the
roots of egh

3
272 54 0

Hint
3
272 54 0

10 27 E 54
Prod
23 11 2 0

0 0 03 63 300 Utu
at n Uto

m 3 6K
0343 0

03 63 9
3UU p

1 5 9

U let U t
2

t E

t Eᵗ 0
 all solution to the equations
Q1 find integral

1.4.41 2 Cary try 4 1 79

4
Éy n
y
2 2
2 ay any 42
2 11 4
221122 12
2
224 any Any
112 x 912 2cm91 any x y 4
my

1 7 n 972 212 9 l ay 4
my
ny 2 a 9 NY 1 4
my 1

n 4132 4
as 1
cafe I
lay 1 n 9 12
2 1 19 1 2
1 2 9 12
2 2 7
219 11 9 11 12 1 2

Qty 14 4 12 2 1
2 1 2
1811119 11
2 I
1 2
 a
N 1 9 2

1 2
2 1 Total 19
n 0 9 3 013

which
9 Determine all Non Negative integral part 214 for

My 7122442

Hint

n
2
2
14my 49 y
x4y2 49
ay 14mg

9
n
ywin 2ny
242 1224

2 912 36 49 36
ny 127
6 2 912 13
Cy
13
g NY 6tnty
ay 6
n

6 Xy trty 6 13
29 2 9
13 T
13 I
 I 13

I 13

710
my 2 9 6 13 on adding 017

29 2 4 6 I 224 12 12
my 12
413
34
 2
322 52 7 5 62 8 feel n
solve
2 8 7
222 72 70 4

219 Er n are

Hine
ina.
If K
2
322 52 7 5 62 8

222 72 70 422 82 71

sub 1 on both sides

on

32752 7 5 46 8
I 4
2
8 71
27272470

2
22 63 222 63
221772 70 42282 71

I
2222 63
2n neo 4 482 71

Wtf possible

222 63 0

719
9 at play an Ibn c

such that

26K 11 PCN 722 422 65 HER

all value of P31

find the sum of
Method

Hint 3
setting

P53 7 9 42 3 65
9 6 3 11

2 P3 2
228131

Melted

7212422465

226 11

7139 6 91 2
226 11 an 332 2

2 9123772 712 3772

73
1 a 7

PG 9123172
0 2
P3
P131 2
 all the n for which 7496 is a Perfect
a find integer

square

Hint
is the intego
K when K
4796
Kth 32
Kn 3
K m 96
K n 25 3
Kth
Kth 48 7 23
K n 2
Ken 24 7 10
k n 4
Kth 516 n 5
Kn 6
Ken 12 n 2
Krn 8

n 2
a find all the ordered Pair of integers

such that 23 23 721

Hint
2 23 721
103 7 721 1 1 721
2 2 242K 24

142
272

CARIS
Lee 22 22 22721
2 1 2 2 424 2 22721
 2 15 16

16,15 C 15 16 and write Rest Pairs as well

Logarithms
exponential

Logarithms

yen
4 Logy

a 270
Logy y a I
a

Log 3

Natural logarith
logf Common logarithms ear
Base e

g eas
e 27180
 092 nLogn

Logm LYN
Log MN

LayM Leyn Lap

Lay MMP

Log Mx Log M Lyn

18 0
Lay
0
N log
Logg

logg

Base Property
change

logs

Type malogy

a ex RTO
 logarithmic inequality

229h as
1098 b
n ab 0 94

fin 884 fins70 971

logath Logan
ten 9cm geniso 0294
al Evaluate the following sum

3 3 4 43 13 14
1 1 E

opto
2013ᵗʰ term
where 9ft

the where x 9
01 find the Number
of integel x

such that
where REG 00
Es 6 Log
log
Luga
Hint 1099 Logb

loges 6
109

Log logs
 log 1099 Log
logx 6
logs
109K logg

Logx
log 2193
slogx 6 Logs
8 aug
at loga t logs p

at p 2k t
6 o
t
op p

plat pl 6pct27 27 44 24
pct 2ps

apt p Gpt 12102 4p t 44

so
pct 97
2
151 8ft
O
pct 21
t
1542 spt 3ft
pct ap
 3p t t 37 t
5p
pct 2ps

310 t 5k 20
t 2ps t

_f
p log3 p
Always

E C 0 27 V 37 sp

31093 51093
0 21093 V
te C

1099 V 10927 log243

8
tf C
109243 RECI too
10927
Logne
0 logg V

243
NE 0 9 V 27

R E 0 9 V 27 100
integral value
79
Q The No of Real solution
of equation

1091141 is
9109349 Logy

f
Hint

Logy I 0
loge logy

2 ogy Logy I 0

Logy D
211098 2kg1
0
logy 1 I 1091 11
21097

logg 1
21094 1
Logy
22091 1 0
e

2691 1

191

a
 not all equal and
Q if a b c 4 all integer

a btc
9 3 6 3 CC B Then the
value of
4abC
Hint
wt 925
3 3
8 15
4 5 66
3 3
2 5
5 61

Here 5 7
43
2 10
6
5 7

4C 12
1C Now
atste
3C 12
g

1
a find the integel son
of x
y method

2
1
x2 1 342 1mods 34
1
mad3 T3y r FY n
22 I 1
22 1 mod3 ocmod3 l l
32
2C mod3
1 1
No integral sol
This is not possible so there is no son
ie possible
 Cal890
Cas 642 Cass
Q if n
casff
Cas0
castcw6
Y
what is the
integer
nearst to flog_
Then

n
In Haze th

n n Y
12 24 n DfM
n
11
13 23 n 12
n
natl until 3h73h 1
4 24 n4
Ink 30

n cn 192m 12M
Int 15 25 ns
12
 30 Cal890
Cas 642 Cas
Q if n
casff
Cas0
Casz ca6
Y
what is the
integer
nearest to flog
Then

644 4449 Ky450

me sin Cazsinzo
n

N Sinosink sin88
2

Again
Isinnosin869
Csindsin88
N
2 4
sinuicana
sins CM29 Isinn easy
a
uh

sinn sin 8 sing

K
22

N
266 2 Y
2
2 nowtaking log on both sides

Log 13 Log 19In

 the
91 find all solution in the integel
of equation

y
Generality
Hint INLOG without loss of
z
n
y

f
Now

t.tt
mm

EIE.in
3 3 45,6
n

Now when 2 3

75 Again

f f f
ty f f 819,10 15
4
 Now write all solution

Recurrence Relation

An 2 an than 2 O

adel

Linear

Nonlinear an h any 10

Homogeneous
an 39h 0

Non Homogeneey 7
anyant any

when a
an 9ns an 2
92 1

111 2,3 5 8 Fibonacci Number

a suppose re is in the interval 0,1T

and 244N 3 Then find 240th

log246hr

Hint
2414N fusinn

41mn E Rusinn
2 sense
2412 1 sink
248m32
1 sink

let's take sinn t

3 2
1 0
24
is aroot 8
Here t

sinn 3

7
pg
NOW
2415812

24 8
192
9 find all solution in Real Number to the system

244422 14
23 43 23 34
2 9 2 4

with Real Root

Hint let's take Monic cubic polynomial

214 Z
t at bttc
PLES
Roots
sum of
2
942 a 4
vieta's formula

NOW
3 4 45 6
pits
n y 2 2 b
244422

Tf 2 2b
5 1

4t t C
t
How to get c pct
roots
the
Since my 2 are
0
34 4 6 0 23 424 Rtc
PKI
c o
find t
y _ay y
2 5 0
23 422
Adding All these
N19 2 3C 0
239323 4 49422
4114 4T 3C 0
Q1 all solution in Real Numbers to the system
find
2 9 2 0 23 93 23 18 and atty427 2058
 Recurrence Recursion

the sequence
previous
terms of
The heart recursion is to use
of
to define future terms

Number 9 9
suppose we have a sequence of
we also have
a relationship such as
and Assume

an 5 91 with 9 5 n

Fibonacci sequence Binet's formula

11 1 2 3 5 8 13 21
an 5 EE EEY
Recurrence Relation

An Any tan 2

In general consider the

following

fyln an y gcn
folk antf.cn 9n it
where
film and gin are arbitrary
brown function of_n
 This RR
and f 0 Then we say that
if f o

has an order 8th code RR

linear RR
Then it is called Homogeneous
0
if g n

Lineae RR
59h 3 0 Homogeneous
Ant 29m
Td 3 Non Homogenous

n
ant 29m
coded
Lineae RR

Non linear

i6 my D Non linear HRR

Anantz

9may 6
n hachy where I gIf
order is Not Defined
 Relation
Q1 solve the recurrence

with 90 2 and 9 10
an 69m 8am 2

LHRR

Hint 8
Replace an

2
62 82

22 62 8 0 characterstic equation

α RB say
Roots are Real and Distinct
an pα 213
are
where
pand q
Roots are Real andequal constants and can be
an catbn xp fg n 9lb Determined
by using
Roots intials
OR it has imaginary

an p tip q x ip

NOW 2767 8 0 But 90 2 and 9 10

4 2 sub 4 0
10 26 49
2 1 9
2 41 on solving find PRE
an p f 21
an 91 21 76417
 69h D
Al find the solution of ants ant
with 90 2 a 3

01 solve the Recurrence Relations

an an 2 with 90 3

the Recurrence R
Q Solve

with intals 90 1
an 89ns 169 2
9 6

It character 9

22 82 16 0

2 4 0 2 4,4
determined
Now a Rb can be
an at bn 141 conditions
by using initial
 Sub 7 0 4 1

9 0 4 6 b 41
go
1 a

is Defined as 90 1 9 4
9 The sequence cans

and
Antz 49Mt 79 for n 0 find the NO of

the integel
Divisory of 930 949951

to antz 49nF79
Hiiiii
characteristic egh corresponding

22 4 7 0

n 21531 Latib a ib 948

I 72 2 Bi
Ut 24 2 531

24 22 4 2472 7
Now

an pin 292 90 1 9 4

Sub n 0 Again n 1

4 PC 2 50 21 2 51
90 PTE
BICK E 1 27 291
1 21 4
 4 Fi p 9 211
It
pq
p 3
1 9 73
22 1
4 now
pE
9 pq

NOW
5
4212249 plus q my
PCM
930 94995 Pla Em

pqm49n pqn.fm
2pecans p
424100 244
9240
21217150 PER 2 22247

750 17149 any 2mn23

2
72

751 16 2 71
4
7
11 X

7 8
No of Division 51
bo total
750
Alternate

9250 949951
Antz 49Mt 79m

ant 497 7977

a an ant replace non 1
an 49n i Tan 2
an any 49 79 1

a 4anan 79

an ant 49h 1 79

and 79h 2 7 93 1

7 941 Anan a

similarly

14941 an an 3
 7172029

Then find the

sum of Digits
T I 114
100,4
1114

of T

HIS 94 5 1954 2 9432tab

g yep µ 11 100

1100 11221
121 10000
T

with
least Degree
that Plas is
a polynomial of
9 suppose

intega
coefficient such that

find P21
2 57 55
PC 57 55

349 Rok
Hint
57 55 F F F F
P 57 751

55 F F 57 5512
PC

at 5 55 2 2 22
7 5 2555
P N n 12 25 55

N 12 22121
PCM

pen
24 24
a let N be the Numberof Triplets of the integer cabic

with a b C 100 suchthat the polynomial

has integee
495 46 290
pal x 92 4644 1 x

Roots in a Then find last Two Digits of

 Geometry

A
BC a C b
AC b
AB C B C
a
9 5
8 Cape 515a 5 b 5 4

b Sina
facsimp
Δ fabsinc

sine Rule
is cicumRadius
2R R
SAY
fine
na Ep
A
intersection
nicumcenke It is the Pt of

Bisector of side of
Δ aiccumu.se
of culae
e
β
OA OB 0C R

cosine Rule c 1
54
2 92
CMA C
26C B
a

cusp
9402 52
29C
 called A
Centroid
AD BG F are also
F E
G
al levians

B c

a 4
avians

Incentie
internal Angle Bisector
Pt of intersection
of
Incentre I A
Encircle
F
r inradius
IP
BT p
IC 90 AL

R 9 A
fit
Op R
M C
Sina B
0B

op Gina

GNA sina IR
Δ
I be

Sina 2
 22 R 94

15
r
B J C

Δ ABC I BOX ID IX AC XIE IT ABXIF

6 2 XCX r
O 1 9 8 1
9 0 85
o 59

altitudes
of
intersection of
orthocentre It at the pts

A
E HCE
NOTE The
imageof
l it i m n n
p g orthocerike corresponding

BiH
here the Points F are concycli sides lies on
the cilium circle
Image
 Regular Polygon

0
An As

all Ln 2 7
sum of angle

Cn 2 R
Each interior angle
n
3600
sum of all exterior
angle 277

enow positive integer nsuch that the

x bethe set of all
Qi let the
Polygon is n degree Find
theangle of some Regular
measure of
elements in
Number
of

Hint
C 180
2 no
at D 2K
Here

7809
a 2 K
n
90
1
n
 Here a should be an inter 16
y

A
B
12
C4 R
13 51 E
c if n vertex are there
I
D
180
1 26 27
LILY LT 54 17
4 23 2542 4 180
80

1 Apex
C

internal Biteetal of one Base Angle and external

The Angle Bw
to onehalf
a Triangle is equal
bisector of other base angle
of A P
of the vertical Angle

Here 7
D ILA β
Here AD is Angle
Bisector
of LA A

8k
B E De c
It Angle
Bishop
900
IEB 2 0 similarly

ALEC 0 2 LC900

0 0 LC
4 4
20 43 K
Bisector
Attitude and Angle
LB LC Angle Bw
Q

ABCD
In a Quadrilateral
produced
meets CD and An
Biseston
of 43 and LD
Thew
at P and Q
Q
LO LMC LADY A
EE
P
T C
91 Given a b and c are the Real Numbers such that

a ab 13 25 1,2 02 9 Hca a 16

find out the value ab 26 319

of
C A
1H 93 262
MB
B C
a
92 13 2 ab
5

let b BK
C
2 1512 9510 5
941 3 a
92 1
2 52 g
1500

2
gak B A

ABC BOA AOC BOC

4 a a 6 2 91 641200
tzxak.sn500
2 34

22 92 1412 09 KXC

4 92 42 Now
gac simplify
Cas 20
24 5
 lunit Points Pand
at Each side of a square ABCD has length
perimeter
a to AB and DA the
belongs respectively find µ if
of APA is 2 units
I C
β
it
Hint
q a'y
PQ ttp 2 p

PQ 2 p t A t
ft
B

tank
1ˢᵗ
tamp IP
App right Augled
tend tanβ
p4e 2 7 42 fancatp 1 tanatants

1442 4 1 42 4 Ptt i t 1 b
4 px t2pt 4p 4t 1 1 oct

tanktp
2 p t
1 l b t Pt
 congruence Rule

same shape size

SAS AAS having

ASA SSS RHS side

I
hypotenuse
right Angle
P
A

Q R
c
B

and D is a Point
which
26
91 In 9 GABC in
Then
AD bisect LAC
and AB CD
BC such
that
on

the value of
A
58 E

we 124
were c
B
LB 22

in OBEC
Now Δ DCE
Δ ABE SAS BE EC sides opposite
to equalAngle

Now Try

ANS 72
 C A
Stewart's Theorem b

so 0
ut D be a Point on
side BC β c
m
BD m and CD N
a
such that
cosine in a ABD OLD
using
and AD d Then

c n amn da case
14m22
82m
and
Cnc man dad
bmb
41180 0 14252
2dm
Caso

fromeq

44m22 14h22
Ani son
md mn mb
nd nm not
nd4nm md mn

bmbtchc dk
tmncmtng
bmbtchc mtn a

dad man bmb Cnc

8 median Ma
median length
AD is
App if
m n

da 93 big 042
 Ma I d It 26422 92

AD is angle
Bisestal of LA
if
A

β
III
D C
In a ABD Δ ADC
using sine Rule

t.to
t.fm
Ing Faire
0 2 b Sinay
BD
1 DC
sino

I
A

I DIED bf
D C
B BD
9
he
AI off
4
8 Ha
 internal Angle Bisector
length of
can be find out A
AEL
13 I C
ABI AIC LABC

XCXAISINAL bxAI SINAL bC A

sinza 2Sinacasa
A
Ibc x 2SinAgCSAE Az
XCXAISINAE I bXAI Sinay

AI IFCCHAL

Apolonius Thegem
HereAD it
Median
A
AB AC 2 BD AD2

Stewart's Theorem D c
using B

WORI

i
B C
Here B P
16ham