Check the Correct statement

insufficient
1. If the system bandwidth is sufficient, it may be necessary to decrease signaling speed and thereby
increase transmission time.
2. The difference in density of the two materials must be such that a beam of light moving through the
Cladding
cladding core is reflected off the core instead of being refracted into it.
Wc 2piB
3. For DSB-SC, if we < 2nB, the spectra overlap and the information of m(t) is lost in the process of
Modulated m(t).cos(wct)
demodulation, making it impossible to get back m(t) from the modulating signal m(t).
SHF
4. High frequency (HF) waves are transmitted using mostly line-of-sight and some space propagation. Uses
SHF
for HF include terrestrial and satellite microwave, and radar communication.
doesn't
5. The envelope detection is an extremely simple and inexpensive operation, which does require
generation of a local carrier for the demodulation. But the envelope of AM has the information about m(t)
cos(wct) >= for all t.
only if the AM signal [A+ m(t)] cos(oet) satisfies the condition A+ m(t) <0
Demodulator
6. A slight error in the phase or the frequency of the carrier at the modulator in QAM will not only result in
loss and distortion of signals but will also lead to interference between the two channels.
pi/2 Carrier
7. The sideband spectrum for NBFM has a phase of x/2 with respect to the modulated signal, whereas that
of AM is in phase with the carrier.
8. In FM, Aw=kf mp depends on mp, not on the spectrum of m(t) then, WBFM bandwidth is dependent on
the spectrum of m(t). Unguided
9. Satellite communications and local telephone system use guided media.
Their frequencies
10. The radio communication spectrum is divided into bands based on transmission media.
11. A broadcast system with a multitude of receivers for each transmitter, it is more economical to have one,
wc
high-power transmitter expensive which is used DSB-SC.
DSB
12. The SSB signals and QAM occupy twice the BW required for the baseband signal.
Selective filtering energy gap
13. Phase-shift method is used for generation SSB signal if the baseband signal has null in its spectrum.
SSB-SC
14. In a telephone system, a number of telephone calls are multiplexed by FDM through using VSB
modulation.
pi/2
15. The sideband spectrum for NBFM has a phase of 1/2 with respect to carrier, whereas that AM is in phase
with carrier.
16. A sideband for FM signal is significant if its magnitude is equal to or exceeds 1% of unmodulated carrier.
Waves
17. VHF and UHF wavers are transmitted in straight lines directly from antenna to another antenna.
unbalanced
18. If the output of the modulator contains all the input signals, the modulator is called balanced modulator.
19. The DSB signals occupy twice the bandwidth required for the baseband. This disadvantage can be
overcome by transmitting two DSB signals using carriers of the same frequency but in phase quadrature.
20. The operation of frequency conversion is identical to the operation of modulation with a modulating
carrier frequency (the mixer oscillator frequency @mix) that differs from the incoming carrier frequency
by oc.
21. The generalized angle modulation concept is useful because the convertibility of one type of angle
modulation (such as PM) to another (such as AM).
22. Coherent or Asynchronous of DSB-WC will defeat the purpose of DSB-WC and hence, is rarely used in
practice.
 FDM
23. In a telephone system, a number of telephone channels are multiplexed by TDM through using SSB-SC
high
modulation and transmitted over one single cable with low bandwidth.
Guided
24. Fiber-Optic transmission distance is significantly greater than that of other unguided media.
Line of Sight Cellular
25. UHF waves use ionospheric propagation uses UHF TV, mobile system, and AM radio.
26. For UTP cables, Category 5 is used for data up to 100Mbps.
27. Sketch and explain the following in some detail: The elements of a communication system.
higher
28. Modulating the signal (shifting the signal spectrum to lower frequencies), we can design an antenna with
a small length (not practical antenna). Coherent detection can be used for any u. But envelope detection,
less expensive 1>=
which is considerably simple and more expensive, can be used only for 0 ≤ μ.
baseband
29. The QAM scheme is known as or quadrature multiplexing. Thus, two modulated signals, each of
2B
bandwidth B Hz, can be transmitted simultaneously over a bandwidth B by using DSB transmission and
quadrature multiplexing.
Distorion
30. Attenuation is signal alteration due to imperfect response of the system to the desired signal itself.
Distortion
Improved system design or compensating networks can reduce attenuation. The multipath propagation
Fast
of the received signal, which causes slow fading, is because of the three propagation mechanisms,
namely: Reflection, Diffraction, and Scattering.
Lower
31. The speed of light depends on the density of the medium through which it is traveling (the slower the
density, the higher the speed). This speed decreases as the medium through which the light travels
becomes denser (the higher the density).
32. Middle frequency (MF) signals are propagated in the troposphere. These frequencies are absorbed by
Distance angle
the ionosphere. The angle they can cover is therefore limited by the distance needed to reflect the signal
within the troposphere without entering the ionosphere.