DESIGN OF PCC ABUTMENT - OPEN FOUNDATION

NAME OF WORK ;- ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL AT SURYAPET IN SURYAPET
DISTRICT , TELANGANASTATE .

Expansion 40 mm Thickness of Wearing Coat 75 mm

Approach slab Road level RL 100.780
300 mm
Depth of Super Structure @ Centre =
d= 22.5 0 600 mm 600 mm
q= 90 0 Depth of Super Structure @ Edges =
450 mm
96 mm
200 mm
300 mm BOB RL 100.180
300 320 -170 50 Start of Batter RL 99.880

450

4800
d= 22.5 0 121.9 844 MFL RL 98.880
q= 98.88 0
ka2 = 0.313
2500
a
356.3 800 SIL LEVEL level RL 96.380

1000
Heel side Toe side
b
450 450 750 450 450 top of fdn RL 95.380
1650
450 450
1550 950
450 450 500
1000 600
RL 93.380
900 450 1200 1350
3900

Pressure Developed in kN/m2

Minimum Maximum
no tension 20.27
Normal Case 281.68
> 213mension
for soil, tension is not permitted,cl.706.3.3.1
In case of rock, refer cl 706.3.3.2

tension is -20.98 Seismic Case 283.75

> 267mension

DESIGN OF PCC ABUTMENT

General Data:
Roadway of the bridge = 2.00 m
Overall Length of span 13 = 2.50 m
Width of abutment in roadway direction = 2.00 m
Width of bearing 250 320 360 400 = 300 mm
Length of bearing 400 500 560 630 = 500 mm
Thickness of bearing 48 64 80 96 112 = 96 mm
Thickness of steel plate = 4 mm
No. of steel plate layers = 2
No of bearings in Abutment = 2
Intensity of footway loading ( Vide Cl 209.1 IRC:6-2000 ) = 400 kg/m2
Width of footpath 0 1.5 = 1.5
Longitudinal Gradient (only in case of ROB) = 0
camber in carriage way = 0.025
Skew Angle = 0.0 o

Corrected N value at bottom of foundation for soil = 28

SEISMIC DATA
Zone as per Fig. 11- IS 1893 (Part I) 2002 = 2
BACKFILL SOIL PROPERTIES
Unit wt of soil g = 18 kN/m2
Angle of internal friction f = 35 0
Angle of surcharge a = 0 0
Slope of earth fill i = 0 0
Coeff of friction between Concrete and Founding Soil/rock = 0.5 Cl.706.3.4 of IRC 78-2000
Equivalent height of surcharge = 1.20 m
MATERIAL DATA
Grade of concrete 20 25 30 35 = M20 kN/m3
Dead load (total dead load of 1 span) = 656.02 kN
Unit weight of RCC, g2 = 25 kN/m3
Unit weight of PCC, g1 = 22 kN/m2
Maximum Live load reaction+ footpath live load = 2403.9 kN
Maximum Live load coming over the span = 920.0 kN
Derived / Known Data
Carriageway of the bridge = 7.50 m
No of lanes = 1
Intensity of live load on footpath for effective span of m = 4.2 kN/m2
Effective span of super structure = 1.94 m
Thickness of wearing coat (ave) = 75 mm
Depth of Superstructure at centre = 0.600 m
Thickness of Superstructure at edges = 0.450 m
Thickness of expansion gap = 40 mm
Effective thickness of bearing = 72 mm
Pedestal height = 200 mm
Road level at centre = RL100.780
Bottom of Deck Slab = RL100.105
level at top of fdn = RL95.380
Bottom of Foundation Level = RL93.380
Length of abutment at top of foundation level = 2.000 m
Length of abutment at foundation level = 2.900 m
Front Batter = 1.20 m
Rear Batter = 0.75 m
Backwall portion = 0.30 m
Bearing portion = 0.15 m
Bed block height = 0.30 m

PERMISSIBLE STRESSES
Permissible tensile stress in concrete scbc = -0.530 N/mm2
If surface reinforcement is not provided, permissible stress = -0.477 N/mm2

Calculation of Live load Reaction

Class 70R wheeled loading - One lane
4.42 5.79 7.92 9.44 13.40
170 170 170 170 120 120 3.96 0
1.37 3.05 1.37 2.13 1.52 0.0 0.0

0.280
0.280 1.94 B
A kN
RA = 2388.14 kN RB = -1468.1

Total Load on Span = 920.00 kN

Class 70R tracked loading - One lane

4.570
700 kN

0.280
0.280 1.94
kN
RA = -23.45 kN RB = 723.45

Total Load on Span = 700.00 kN

Class A wheeled loading - one lane 3

4.3 5.5 9.8 12.8 12.8 12.8
27 27 114 114 68 0 3 0 0
1.1 3.2 1.2 4.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0.280
0.280 1.94

RA = 833.35 kN for one lane RB = -483.4 kN

Total Load on Span = 700.00 kN

Class A wheeled loading - Two lane = 1666.701 kN

Summary of Live load

Impact Rn with Imp. Rn with

Reaction factor at impact at factor Rn with impact impact at
without Impt. bottom of bottom of at top at top of top of
Vehicle type impact factor fdn foundation of fdn foundation bedblock
% % kN kN kN kN
Class 70R Wheeled 2388.14 56.68 0.000 2388.1 0.000 2388.1 3741.74
Class 70R Tracked -23.45 10.00 0.000 -23.5 0.000 -23.5 -25.80
Class A wheeled - 2 lane 1666.70 56.68 0.000 1666.7 0.000 1666.7 2611.39

Combination of Live load considered

No of Total load on
Combination Vehicles considerd lanes Reaction load span
1 Class 70RW - 1 Lane 1 2388.14 2388.14 920.00
Footpath 4.2x2.5x1x1.5 15.75
1 2 3 2403.89
2 Class 70RT-1 Lane 1 -23.45 -23.45 700.00
Footpath 4.2x2.5x1x1.5 15.75
-7.70
3 Class A wheeled 1 833.35 833.35 700.00
Footpath 4.2x2.5x1x1.5 15.75
849.10

Max vertical reaction + footpath liveload = 2403.89 kN

Load on span for the above max reaction = 920 kN

Max load on span = 920 kN

Vertical reaction for max load on span = 2388.1 kN

Combination 1 is considered
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ABUTMENT PRESSURE CALCULATIONS AT SILL LEVEL

Straight length of Abutment at top = 2.00 m
Effective length of Abutment at sill level = 2.00 + 2 x( 0.45 )x
sec(0)
= 2.90 m
Dead Load reaction = 328.010 kN
Live load reaction at sill = 2388.144 kN
foot path liveload = 15.75 kN
Pressure Calculation at Sill level
Stress due to Active Earth pressure
Coefficient of earth pressure Ka = sin2(y-f) x 1
sin2(y)x sin(y+d)x(1+K2)

K = sin(f+d) x sin(f-z)
sin(y+d) x sin(y-z)
f 35 o

y= 90 + a where,
a = tan (batter width/batter height)
-1

= tan-1( 0.75 )
4.800
= 8.9 o

y= 98.88 o

d= 22.5 o

z 0.0 o

K = sin(35+22.5) x sin(35-0)
sin(98.88+22.5) x sin(98.88-0)

= 0.48
0.84
= 0.76
Ka = sin2(98.88-35) x1
sin2(98.88)xsin(98.88+22.5)x(1+0.76)^2)
= 0.806
2.574
= 0.313
Active earth pressure
Earth pressure = 1/2 x g x h2 x Ka
Ka = 0.5x18x5.4x5.4x0.313
= 82.144 KN
Kah = 0.31 x cos(8.88+22.5) = 0.267
Lever arm for pressure P2 = 0.42 x 5.4
= 2.27 m from sill

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a)Horizontal component of earth pressure PH = 82.14 x cos(8.88+22.5)

= 70.13 kN

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Modulus of section Z= b x d2 where d = 1.2+0.75+0.3+0.15 = 2.40 m

6 = 1.00 x (2.4) 2
6
= 0.96 m3
Moment = 70.129x0.42x5.4
= 159.05 KN-M
Stress = + M/Z = + 159.1
0.96
= + 166 kN/m2
Stress due to Horizontal Earth Pressure at Heel = -165.7 kN/m2
Stress due to Horizontal Earth Pressure at Toe = 165.7 kN/m2

Stress due to Live Load surcharge

Earth pressure due to a fill of 1.2m = 0.313x18x1.2 x cos(8.88+22.5)
= 5.77 KN/M 2

Horizontal force due to live load surcharge = 5.77x5.4

= 31.17 KN/M
Moment due to this force = 31.17x0.5x5.4
= 84.16 KN-M

Modulus of section Z = = 1 x 2.4 2 m

6
= 0.9600 m3
Stress = + M/Z = + 84.156
0.960
= + 87.6629 kN/m2
Stress due to Earth Pressure at Heel = -87.66 kN/m2
Stress due to Earth Pressure at Toe = 87.66 kN/m2

Stress due to Dead Load reaction

Total Dead load reaction from abutment = 328.010 kN
Intensity of the Dead load = 328.010
2.90
= 113.1069 kN/m
Eccentricity = 2.40 -(0.75+0.3+0.04+0.28)
2
= -0.170 m
Stress due to Dead load reaction
P x 1 + 6e = 113.1069 x( 1+6x( -0.17 ) )
A d 2.40 2.40
Stress due to Dead load reaction at Heel = 27.10 kN/m 2

Stress due to Dead load reaction at Toe = 67.16 kN/m2

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Stress due to Live load reaction

Maximum Live load reaction from abutment = 2403.9 kN
Intensity of the Dead load = 2403.9
2.90
= 828.9291 kN/m
Eccentricity = -0.170 m
Stress due to Live load reaction P x 1 + 6e= 828.9291 x( 1+6x( -0.17 ) )
A d 2.40 2.40
Stress due to Live load reaction at Heel = 198.60 kN/m 2

Stress due to Live load reaction at Toe = 492.18 kN/m2

Stress due to Self weight

Lever
No. L x B x unit weight Wt/m Moment About Heel
arm
1 0.30 x 0.971 x 25 7.28 0.90 6.554
2 0.475 x 0.30 x 25 3.56 0.9875 3.518
3 0.5 x 0.75 x 4.8 x 22 39.6 0.5 19.800
4 0.30 x 4.8 x 22 31.7 0.90 28.512
5 0.15 x 4.8 x 22 15.8 1.13 17.820
6 0.5 x 1.20 x 4.8 x 22 63.36 1.60 101.376
Total 161.3 177.580
C.G. from Heel = 177.6 = 1.1008 m
161.3
Eccentricity = 2.40 - 1.1008
2
= 0.099 m
Stress due to Self weight P x 1 + 6e = 161.3 x( 1+6x( 0.10 ))
A d 2.40 2.400
Stress due to Self weight at Heel = 83.90 kN/m 2

Stress due to Self weight at Toe = 50.54 kN/m2

Stress due to Longitudinal Force due to Braking effect

Maximum Load coming over the span = 920.000 kN
Braking force (20 % of the load on span) = 184.000 kN
This force acts at 1.20m above road level
Vertical reaction due to Braking = 184x( 1.2+0.675)
1.9 x 2.90
= 61.94 kN
Eccentricity = -0.170 m
Stress due to Braking effect P x 1 + 6e = 61.94 x( 1+6x( -0.17 ) )
A d 2.40 2.400
Stress due to Braking effect at Heel = 14.84 kN/m 2

Stress due to Braking effect at Toe = 36.78 kN/m2

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Stress due to Longitudinal force (Cl.214.5.1.4 - IRC :6 - 2000)

Longitudinal force = Fh/2 + Vr Itc
Where Fh = Applied horizontal force.
Vr = Shear rating of elastic bearing
Itc = Movement of deck above bearing other
than that due to applied force
Strain due to shrinkage Es = 2.00E-04 (Cl.220.3 -IRC:6 -2000)
Temperature variation = 17.0 deg
Coefficient of expansion a = 1.17E-05 (Cl.218.4 -IRC:6 -2000)
Strain due to Temperature variation Et = 1.99E-04 (1 x a x t)
Total strain Es + Et = 2.00E-04 + 1.99E-04
= 3.99E-04
Horizontal deformation due to above strain = 0.0003989x2.5 x10^3/2
= 5.00E-01 mm
Total thickness of bearing = 96 mm
Effective thickness of bearing = 96 - (4x2) = 88
Shear strain = 0.5/88 = 5.68E-03
Considering 10% variation in the efficiency of the bearing force developed
1.1 x 0.9 x 6E-03 x300x500x2x0.001
= 1.688 KN
Total longitudinal force = 184/2+1.688
= 93.688 KN at bearing level
Intensity of the force per metre run = 93.688/2.9
= 32.30621 KN
Moment due to this force = 32.30621 x 4.725
= 152.6468 KN-M
Modulus of section Z= bxd 2
= 1 x 2.4 2
6 6
= 0.9600 m3
Stress due to long. force at Heel -M/Z = ### = 159.01 kN/m2
0.9600
Stress due to long force at Toe +M/Z = 152.647 = 159.01 kN/m2
0.9600
b)Without liveload
Total longitudinal force = 1.688 KN acts at bearing level
Intensity of the force per metre run = 1.688/2.9 = 0.5821 KN
Moment due to this force = 0.5821 x 4.725 = 2.7503 kN-m
Modulus of section Z= bxd 2
= 1 x 2.4 2 = 0.9600 m3
6 6
Stress due to longitudinal force at Heel -M/Z = 2.750
0.9600
= 2.8649 kN/m2
Stress due to longitudinal force at Toe +M/Z = 2.7503
0.9600

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= 2.8649 kN/m2

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ABSTRACT OF STRESSES AT SILL LEVEL AT RL 96.380

Without seismic (with live load condition)
Dry condition Mpa
No. Stress due to
At Heel At Toe
1 Active Earth pressure -0.16568 0.16568
2 Live load surcharge 0.00000 0.00000
3 Dead load 0.02710 0.06716
4 Live load 0.19860 0.49218
5 Self weight 0.08390 0.05054
6 Braking effect 0.01484 0.03678
7 Longitudinal force -0.15901 0.15901
Net Stress with Earth
-0.00025 0.97134
Pressure
Permissible Tensile stress for M20 grade of concrete is -0.477 Mpa

The stresses are within the permissible limits.Hence the section is safe
Without seismic (without live load condition)
Dry condition Mpa
No. Stress due to
At Heel At Toe
1 Active Earth pressure -0.16568 0.16568
2 Live load surcharge -0.08766 0.08766
3 Dead load 0.02710 0.06716
4 Live load 0.00000 0.00000
5 Self weight 0.08390 0.05054
6 Braking effect 0.00000 0.00000
7 Longitudinal force -0.00286 0.00286
Net Stress with Earth
-0.14521 0.37391
Pressure
Permissible Tensile stress for M20 grade of concrete is -0.477 Mpa
The stresses are within the permissible limits.Hence the section is safe
With seismic (with live load condition)
Dry condition Mpa
No. Stress due to
At Heel At Toe
1 Active Earth pressure -0.16568 0.16568
2 Live load surcharge 0.00000 0.00000
3 Dead load 0.02710 0.06716
4 Live load 0.09930 0.24609
5 Self weight 0.08390 0.05054
6 Braking effect 0.00742 0.01839
7 Longitudinal force -0.08094 0.08094
8 Seismic force -0.20469 0.20469
Net Stress with Earth
-0.23359 0.83348
Pressure
Permissible Tensile stress for M20 grade of concrete is -0.716 Mpa

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The stresses are within the permissible limits.Hence the section is safe
With seismic (without live load condition)
Dry condition Mpa
No. Stress due to
At Heel At Toe
1 Active Earth pressure -0.16568 0.16568
2 Live load surcharge -0.04383 0.04383
3 Dead load 0.02710 0.06716
4 Live load 0.00000 0.00000
5 Self weight 0.08390 0.05054
6 Braking effect 0.00000 0.00000
7 Longitudinal force -0.00286 0.00286
8 Seismic force -0.14614 0.14614
Net Stress with Earth
-0.24752 0.47621
Pressure
Permissible Tensile stress for M20 grade of concrete is -0.716 Mpa
The stresses are within the permissible limits.Hence the section is safe

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ABUTMENT PRESSURE CALCULATIONS AT THE BOTTOM OF FOUNDATION

Corrected N value = 28
Overburden pressure = 48.00 kN/m2
Footing No.1
Front offset = 0.450 m
Rear offset = 0.450 m
Height = 0.600 m
Footing No.2
Front offset = 0.450 m
Rear offset = 0.000 m
Height = 0.500 m
Footing No.3
Front offset = 0.450 m
Rear offset = 0.450 m
Height = 0.450 m
Bottom of Foundation level = RL93.380
Width of foundation = 2.4 + 0.45 + 0.45 + 0.45 + 0
+ 0.45 + 0.45
= 4.650 m
SBC of actual width of foundation = 3.5x(N-3)x(B+0.3)2xRwxFd+overburdenpr
2xB
Rw water reduction factor = 0.50
Fd Depth factor (1+D/B) = 1+(1.55 / 4.65) = 1.3
= 3.5x(28-3)x(4.65+0.3)2x0.5x1.333x10 +48
2x4.65
= 213.258 kN/m2
Length of abutment at foundation level = 2+(2x(1.2+0.45+0.45+ 0.45) x sec
= 7.10 m
Stress due to Dead load
Dead load reaction = 328.010 kN
Intensity of the Dead load = 328.010
7.10
= 46.199 kN/m
Eccentricity from Heel = 4.65 -( 0.8 + 0.3 + 0.04 +
2 + 0.28 + 0.5 +
0.000 + 0.45 )
= 0.055 m
Stress P x 1 + 6e = 46.199 x( 1+6x( 0.055
A d 4.650 4.650
Stress due to DL reaction at Heel = 10.6403 kN/m2
Stress due to DL reaction at Toe = 9.2301 kN/m2
Stress due to Live load reaction
Maximum Live load reaction from abutment = 2403.894 kN
Intensity of the Live load = 2403.894
7.10
= 338.576666183 kN/m
Eccentricity = 0.055 m
Stress due to Live load reaction P x 1+ 6e = 338.576666183 x( 1+6x( 0.055
A d 4.65 4.65
Stress due to LL reaction at Heel = 77.9795 kN/m2
Stress due to LL reaction at Toe = 67.6449 kN/m2

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Stress due to Earth pressure

Live load surcharge height = 1.20 m
Kah = 0.267
Active earth pressure
Active earth pressure P = 1/2 x Ka x g x h2
= 0.5x0.267x18x7.40000000000001x7.40000000000001
= 131.59
= 131.59 KN
This force acts at 0.42H from sill level
Moment due to this force M = P x 0.42h
= 131.588x0.42x7.40000000000001
= 408.98 KN-M
Modulus of section Z = = 1 x 4.65 2 m
6
= 3.604 m3
Stress = + M/Z = + 408.976
3.604
= + 113.49 kN/m2
Live load surcharge
Earth pressure due to a fill of 1.2m = 0.267x18x1.2
= 5.77 KN/M2
Horizontal force due to live load surcharge = 5.767x7.4000000000000
= 42.68
= 42.68 KN
Moment due to this force = 42.68x0.5x7.40000000000001
= 157.90 KN-M

Modulus of section Z = = 1 x 4.65 2 m

6
= 3.604 m3
Stress = + M/Z = + 157.900
3.604
= + 43.8156 kN/m2
Stress due to Earth Pressure at Heel = -43.82 kN/m2
Stress due to Earth Pressure at Toe = 43.82 kN/m2

Stress due to Longitudinal Force due to Braking effect

Maximum Load coming over the span = 920.000 kN
Braking force (20 % of the load on span) = 184.000 kN
This force acts at 1.20m above road level
Vertical reaction due to Braking = 184x( 1.2+0.675 )
1.94 x 7.1
= 25.301 kN
Eccentricity = 0.055 m
Stress due to Braking effect P x 1+ 6e = 25.30 x( 1+6x( 0.055 ) )
A d 4.65 4.65
Stress due to Braking effect at Heel = -5.8272 kN/m2
Stress due to Braking effect at Toe = -5.0549 kN/m2

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Stress due to Longitudinal force (Cl.214.5.1.4 - IRC :6 - 2000)

Longitudinal force = Fh/2 + Vr Itc
Where Fh = Applied horizontal force.
Vr = Shear rating of elastic bearing
Itc = Movement of deck above bearing other
than that due to applied force
Strain due to shrinkage Es = 2.00E-04
(Cl.220.3 - IRC:6 - 2000)
Temperature variation = 25.0 deg
Coefficient of expansion a = 1.1700E-05
(Cl.218.4 - IRC:6 - 2000)
Strain due to Temperature variation Et = 2.93E-04 (1 x a x t)
Total strain Es + Et = 2.00E-04 + 2.93E-04
= 4.93E-04
Horizontal deformation due to above strain = 4.93E-04 x 2.5 x10^3/2
= 6.16E-01 mm
Total thickness of bearing = 96 mm
Effective thickness of bearing = 96 - (4x3)
= 88 mm
Shear strain = 0.615625/88
= 7.00E-03
Considering 10% variation in the efficiency of the bearing, force developed =
= 1.1 x 0.9 x 0.01 x300x500x2x0.001
= 2.078 KN
Total longitudinal force = 184/2+2.078
= 94.078 KN
Intensity of the force per metre run = 94.078/2
= 47 KN
Moment due to this force = 47 x 6.725
= 316 KN-M
Modulus of section Z= b x d2 = 1 x 4.65 2
6 6
= 3.6038 m3
Stress due to longitudinal force at Toe +M/Z = 316.337
3.604
= 87.7800 kN/m2
Stress due to longitudinal force at Heel -M/Z= -87.7800 kN/m2
Without live load
Total longitudinal force = 2.078 KN at bearing level
Intensity of the force per metre run = 2.078/2
= 1.04 KN
Moment due to this force = 1.04 x 6.725
= 6.99 KN-M
Modulus of section Z= b x d2 = 1 x 4.65 2
6 6
= 3.604 m3
Stress due to longitudinal force at Toe +M/Z = 6.987
3.604
= 1.9389 kN/m2
Stress due to longitudinal force at Heel -M/Z= -1.9389 kN/m3

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Stress due to Bouyancy

Width of abutment at MFL level = 0.97 m
Bouyant force due to submerged vol of stem = (0.966+2.4)/2 x 2.5 x 10
= 42 kN
Bouyant force due to submerged volumeof footing1
= 3.30 x 0.60 x1x 10
= 19.8 kN
Bouyant force due to submerged volumeof footing2
= 3.75 x 0.50 x1x 10
= 18.8 kN
Bouyant force due to submerged volumeof footing3
= 4.65 x 0.45 x1x 10
= 20.9 kN
Total Bouyant force = 42 + 19.8 + 18.750
+ 20.93
= 101.545 kN
Bouyant effect (as per IRC:6-2000 is 15 % of full bouyancy)
= 0.15 x 101.545
= 15.232 kN
Stress P = 15.232
A 4.65
Stress due to Bouyancy at Heel = -3.2757 kN/m2
Stress due to Bouyancy at Toe = -3.2757 kN/m2
Stress due to Self weight
Lever
Moment About
No. L x B x unit weight Wt/m
Heel
arm
1 0.30 x 0.97 x 25 7.3 1.80 13.1
2 0.48 x 0.30 x 25 3.6 1.89 6.7
3 0.50 x 0.75 x 4.8 x 22 39.6 1.40 55.4
4 0.30 x 4.80 x 22 31.7 1.80 57.0
5 0.15 x 4.80 x 22 15.8 2.03 32.1
6 0.50 x 1.20 x 4.8 x 22 63.4 2.50 158.4
7 3.30 x 0.60 x 22 43.6 2.10 91.5
8 3.75 x 0.50 x 22 41.3 2.33 95.9
9 4.65 x 0.45 x 22 46.0 2.33 107.0
10 0.50 x 0.75 x 4.8 x 18 32.4 1.15 37.3
11 0.75 x 0.60 x 18 8.1 1.28 10.3
12 0.45 x 5.40 x 18 43.7 0.68 29.5
13 0.00 x 6.00 x 18 0.0 0.45 0.0
14 0.45 x 6.35 x 18 51.4 0.23 11.6
Total 427.8 705.9
C.G. from Heel = 705.871 = 1.65 m
427.845
Eccentricity = 4.65 - 1.650
2
= 0.675 m
Stress due to Self weight P x 1 + 6e = 428 x( 1+6x( 0.675))
A d 4.7 4.650
Stress due to Self weight at Heel = 172.1471 kN/m2
Stress due to Self weight at Toe = 11.8722 kN/m2

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ABSTRACT OF STRESSES AT FOUNDATION LEVEL AT RL 93.38

CASE-1 Without seismic (with live load condition)
Dry condition Mpa
No. Stress due to
At Heel At Toe
1 Active earth pressure -0.1135 0.1135
2 Live load surcharge 0.0000 0.0000
3 Dead load 0.0106 0.0092
4 Live load 0.0780 0.0676
5 Self weight 0.1721 0.0119
6 Braking effect -0.0058 -0.0051
7 Seismic force 0.0000 0.0000
8 Longitudinal force -0.0878 0.0878 Safe Bearing Capacity 0.213 Mpa
9 Buoyancy -0.0033 -0.0033 Stresses are above the permissible limits. Hence s
Net Stress 0.05040 0.28168
CASE-2 Without seismic (without live load condition)
Dry condition Mpa
No. Stress due to
At Heel At Toe
1 Active earth pressure -0.1135 0.1135
2 Live load surcharge -0.0438 0.0438
3 Dead load 0.0106 0.0092
4 Live load 0.0000 0.0000
5 Self weight 0.1721 0.0119
6 Braking effect 0.0000 0.0000
7 Seismic force 0.0000 0.0000
8 Longitudinal force -0.0019 -0.0019
9 Buoyancy -0.0033 -0.0033 Safe Bearing Capacity 0.213 Mpa
Net Stress 0.02027 0.17319 Stresses within permissible limits
CASE-3 With seismic (with live load condition)
Dry condition Mpa
No. Stress due to
At Heel At Toe
1 Active earth pressure -0.1135 0.1135
2 Live load surcharge 0.0000 0.0000
3 Dead load 0.0106 0.0092
4 Live load 0.0390 0.0338
5 Self weight 0.1721 0.0119
6 Braking effect -0.0029 -0.0025
7 Seismic force -0.0782 0.0782
8 Longitudinal force -0.0449 0.0429 Safe Bearing Capacity 0.267 Mpa
9 Buoyancy -0.0033 -0.0033 Stresses are above the permissible limits. Hence s
Net Stress -0.0210 0.28375
CASE-4 With seismic (without live load condition)
Dry condition Mpa
No. Stress due to
At Heel At Toe
1 Active earth pressure -0.1135 0.1135
2 Live load surcharge -0.0219 0.0219
3 Dead load 0.0106 0.0092
4 Live load 0.0000 0.0000
5 Self weight 0.1721 0.0119
6 Braking effect 0.0000 0.0000
7 Seismic force -0.0563 0.0563
8 Longitudinal force -0.0019 0.0019
9 Buoyancy -0.0033 -0.0033 Safe Bearing Capacity 0.267 Mpa
-0.0142 0.21149 Stresses are above the permissible limits. Hence s

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Check for stability in loaded condition

Check for overturning
Resisting moment
Dead load moment = 46.20 x( 4.650 + 0.055 )
2
= 109.953 kNm
Live load moment = 338.58 x ( 4.650 + 0.055 )
2
= 805.812 kNm
Vertical Reaction due braking = 25.30 x( 4.650 + 0.055 )
2
= 60 kNm
Self weight moment = 428 x( 4.650 + 0.675 )
2
= 1284 kNm

Over turning moment

Active earth pressure = 408.98 kNm
Live load surcharge = 157.900 kNm
Longitudinal moment = 316.337 kNm
Seismic moment (with live load) = 289 kNm
(without live load)= 203 kNm

Factor of saftty against overturning without seismic

(I) Without seismic (with live load)
= 110 + 805.81 + 60.216 +
1283.535
409 + 0.000 + 316.34
= 3.12 > 2 Hence safe.

(II) Without seismic (without live load)

= 109.95 + 0.000 +
1283.535 + 0
409.0 + 157.90 + 0.00
= 2.46 > 2 Hence safe.

Factor of safety against overturning with seismic

(I) With seismic (with live load)
= 110.0 + 402.906 + 30.108 +
1283.535 + 0
409.0 + 0.000 + 316.34 + 288.6659
= 1.8 > 1.5 Hence safe.

(II) With seismic (without live load)

= 110.0 + 0.000 + 0+
1283.535 + 0
409.0 + 78.950 + 0.00 + 202.9946
= 2 > 1.5 Hence safe.

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Check for Sliding without seismic (without liveload)

Total horizontal force = Act.ear.pressure+Llsurcharge+Long.force
= 131.59 + 42.68 + 1.039
= 175.3 kN
Total resisting force = 0.5 x ( DL + Self weight )
=0.5x( 46.199 + 428 )
= 237.022 kN
Factor of safety against sliding = 237.022
175.303
= 1.35 < 1.5 Not safe.
Check for Sliding with seismic (without liveload)
Total horizontal force = Act.ear.pressure+Llsurcharge+Long.force+
Seismic force
= 131.59 + 21.338 + 1.039
+ 35.6
= 189.6 kN
Total resisting force = 0.5 x ( DL + LL + Self weight )
=0.5x( 46.199 + 0 + 428
= 237.022 kN
Factor of safety against sliding = 237.022
189.612 Hence safe.
The section is unsafe against sliding = 1.25 > 1.25 0

Check for Stability in Span Dislodged Condition

Check for Overturning
Resisting Moment
Dead load moment = 0.00 kNm
Live load moment = 0.00 kNm
Vertical moment = 0.00 kNm
Selfweight moment = 1283.535 kNm
Passive earth pressure moment = 0.00 kNm
Total restraining moment = 1283.535 kNm
Overturning moment
Active earth pressure = 408.976 kNm
Live load surcharge = 0.000 kNm
Longitudinal moment = 0.00 kNm
Seismic moment = 0.00 kNm
Total overturning moment = 408.976 kNm
Factor of safety against overturning = 1283.535 kNm
408.976
The section is safe against overturning = 3.14 > 1.5
Check for Sliding
Total horizontal force = Act.ear.pressure+Llsurcharge+Long.force
Seismic force
= 131.59 + 0 + 0.00
+ 0.00
= 131.6 kN
Total horizontal resisting force = 0.50 x ( DL + LL + Self weight )
=0.5x( 0.00 + 0.00 + 428
= 213.923 kN
Factor of safety against sliding = 213.923
131.588
The section is safe against sliding = 1.63 > 1.25

Fdn-check Page 19
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CALCULATION OF SEISMIC FORCES

ah = Horizontal seismic coefficient

= (z/2) (Sa/g)
(R/I)
z = Zone factor for zone 2 = 0.1
I = Importance factor = 1.2
R = Response reduction factor = 1
Sa/g = Average response acceleration coeffici= 2.5

= (0.1/2) x 2.5 = 0.15

(1/1.2)
av = Vertical seismic coefficien= 0 for zone 2&3
AT SILL LEVEL
1. Self weight
Lever
No. L x B x unit weight Wt/m Moment About Heel
arm
1 0.3 x 0.971 x 25 7.3 5.59 40.676
2 0.48 x 0.30 x 25 3.6 4.95 17.634
3 0.5 x 0.36 x 3.8 x 22 14.9 2.27 33.754
4 0.3 x 3.80 x 22 25.1 2.90 72.732
5 0.2 x 3.80 x 22 12.5 2.90 36.366
6 0.5 x 0.05 x 3.8 x 22 2.1 2.27 4.737
7 0.50 x 0.36 x 3.8 18 12.2 3.53 43.049
8 0.36 x 0.60 x 18 3.8 1.30 5.002
9 0.54 x 4.40 x 18 43.1 3.20 137.808
Total 125 391.800
Horizontal force = 124.5x0.15
= 18.68 Kn
Horizontal moment = 391.8x0.15
= 58.77 Knm
Stress at Toe = + 61.219 kN/m2
Stress at Heel = - 61.219 kN/m2

2.Deadload
Total Dead load from Superstructure = 656.020 kN
Seismic coefficient ah = 0.150
Seismic force F' = 656.02x0.15
= 98.4 KN
F1 = 98.403/2
= 49.20 kN
Seismic force perRM = 49.2015/2.9
= 16.966 KN/m

SEISMIC Page 20
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Eccentricity of the above force e = 0.6+0.075

2
= 0.337 m from top of bearing.
Moment due to seismic force F' = 33.21 KN-m at bearing level
Change in vertical reaction = 33.2110125/1.94
= 17.12 kN at one support
Change in reaction per RM = 17.12/2.9
= 5.90 KN/M
Moment at sill level = 16.966x4.725
= 80.16 KN-m
Stress at Toe = + 83.505 kN/m2
Stress at Heel = - 83.505 kN/m2

b) Change in vertical reaction of Deadload

Change in reaction per RM = 5.903 kN
e = -0.17
M = -1 KN-m
Stress = P/A + or - M/Z
= 5.903 + -1
2.40 0.96
Stress at heel = 1.414 kN/m2
Stress at toe = 3.505 kN/m2

3.Stress due to live load

Maximum Live load coming over the span = 920.000 KN
Seismic force F' per span = 920x0.15
= 138.0 kN
Seismic force F' per support = 138/2
= 69.000 KN
lever arm for seismic force from bearing level = 0.6+0.075+1.2 = 0.938 m
2
Moment due to seismic force( at bearing level) = 64.688 KN-m
Seismic force at bearing level = 69.000 kN
Moment due to seismic force( at sill level) = 326.025 KN-m
Moment due to seismic at sill level/RM = 326.025000000001/2 = 112.422 KN-m
Stress at Toe = + 117 kN/m2
Stress at Heel = - 117 kN/m2
With live load on span
Total stress = 61.219+83.505+1.414+0.5x117.107
= 205 kN/m2
Without live load on span
Total stress = 61.219+83.505+1.414
= 146 kN/m2

SEISMIC Page 21
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SEISMIC Page 22
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AT FOUNDATION LEVEL
1. Self weight
Lever Mom. About
No. L x B x unit weight Wt/m
arm B.O.F
1 0.3 x 0.971 x 25 7.3 7.59 55.241
2 0.48 x 0.30 x 25 3.6 6.95 24.759
3 0.5 x 0.36 x 3.8 x 22 14.9 3.76 55.925
4 0.3 x 3.8 x 22 25.1 4.90 122.892
5 0.2 x 3.80 x 22 12.5 4.90 61.446
6 0.5 x 0.05 x 3.8 x 22 2.1 4.27 8.917
7 0.5 x 0.36 x 3.8 18 12.2 5.53 67.417
8 0.4 x 0.60 x 18 3.8 3.20 12.312
9 0.54 x 4.40 18 43.1 4.27 183.744
Total 125 592.650

Horizontal force = 124.543x0.15

= 18.68 Kn
Horizontal moment = 592.65x0.15
= 88.9 Knm
Stress at Toe = + 88.898/3.604 = 24.67 kN/m2
Stress at Heel = - = 24.67 kN/m2

2.Deadload
Total Dead load from Superstructure = 656.020
Seismic coefficient ah = 0.150
Seismic force F' = 656.02x0.15
= 98.4 kN
F1 = 98.403/2
= 49.20 kN per support
Seismic force perRM = 49.2015/2.9
= 16.966 kN/m
Eccentricity of the above force e = 0.6+0.075
2
= 0.337 m from top of bearing.
Moment due to seismic force F' = 33.21 kN-m
Change in reaction = 33.2110125/1.94
= 17.12 kN
Change in reaction per RM = 17.12/2.9
= 5.903 kN/m
Moment at foundation level =16.97x (6.72500000000001 )
= 114.10 kN-m

Stress at Toe = + 31.66 kN/m2

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Stress at Heel = - 31.66 kN/m2

b) Change in vertical reaction of Deadload
Change in reaction per RM = 5.903 kN
e = 0.96 m
M = 5.667 kN-m

Stress = P/A + or - M/Z

= 5.903 + 5.667
4.65 3.604
Stress at heel = 2.842 kN/m 2

Stress at toe = -0.3 kN/m2

3.Stress due to live load

Maximum Live load coming over the span = 920.000 kN
Seismic force per span = 138.000 kN
Seismic force F' = 920x0.15/ 2 x 2.9
= 23.8 kN/m per support
Moment due to seismic at foundation level = 23.793x(4.725+2)
= 160.008 KN-m
Stress at Toe = + 44.4 kN/m2
Stress at Heel = - 44.4 kN/m2

With live load condition

Total seismic moment = 88.898+114.097+5.667+0.5x160.008
= 289 KN-M

Total horizontal force = 18.681+16.966++0.5x23.793

= 47.54 KN

Without live load condition

Total seismic moment = 88.898+114.097+5.667
= 202.99 kN-m

Total horizontal force = 18.681+16.966

= 35.647 kN-m

With live load

Total stress = 24.668+31.661+0.5x44.4
= 78.23 kN/m2
Without live load
Total stress = 24.668+31.661
= 56.33 kN/m2

SEISMIC Page 24