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Engineering Materials Exp. - 4

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23 views7 pages

Engineering Materials Exp. - 4

Uploaded by

Nahid Sultan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Barishal Engineering College

Department of Civil Engineering


CE 304: Engineering Material Lab.

Experiment No.4
Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregate

Related Theory:

The term sieve analysis’s given to the sample operation of dividing a sample of
aggregates in to fraction each consisting of particles between specificlimitis. The analysis
is conducted to determine the grading of material proposed for use as aggregates.
The term fineness modulus (F.M) is a ready index of coarseness or fineness of material. It
is an empirical factor obtained by adding the cumulative percentages of aggregates.
Retained on each of the standard sieves and dividing this sum arbitrarily by 100.

No.100, No.50, No.30, No.16, No.8, No.4, 3/8 in.., ¾ in., 3 in.,1.5 in. are the ASTM
standards sieves. This test method conforms to the ASTM standard requirements of
specification C 136.

Objective:
To determine the particle size distribution of fine and coarse aggregate.

Apparatus:

Balance (sensitive to within 0.1% of the weight of the sample), Sieves (ASTM Standard)
Mechanical sieve shaker;

Sampling:
Thoroughly mix the sample and reduce it to an amount, so that the sample for test shall
be approximately of the weight desired when dry.

Fine Aggregate –
The test sample of the aggregate (F.M) shall weight, after drying, approximately the
following requirement:

Aggregate with at least 85 % passing a No. 4 sieve 500g


and more than 5% retained on a No .8 sieve .

Aggregates unites at least 95% passing No. 8 sieve 100g


Coarse aggregate-
The weight of the test sample of coarse aggregate (C.A). shall conform to the following
requirements:

Aggregate with nominal maximum size of ¾ in. 10lbs

Coarse and Fine Aggregate mixtures –

The weight of the test sample of CA and FA mixtures shall conform to the following :
Nominal maximum size, Minimum weight of test sample kg (lb)
Square opening ,mm (in)
9.5 (3/8) 1 (2)
12.5 (1/2) 2(4)
19.0 (3/4) 5 (11)
25.0 (1) 10 (22)
37.5 (1.5) 15 (33)
50 (2) 20(44)
63 (2.5) 35 (77)
75 (3) 60 (130)
90 (3.5) 100 (220)
100 (4) 150 (330)
112 (4.5) 200 (440)
125 (5) 300 (660)
150 (6) 500 (1100)

Procedure for FA and CA:

1. Dry the sample to constant weight at a temperature of 110 + 50C or 110 - 50C.
2. Nest the sieve in order of decreasing size of opening from top to bottom and place the
sample on the top sieve.
3. Agitate the sieves by hand or by mechanical apparatus for a sufficient period, say 1.5
minutes (One Minutes Thirty Seconds).
4. Limit the Quantity of material on a given sieve so that all particles have the
opportunity to reach sieve openings a number of times during the sieving operation.
For sieves with openings smaller than 4.75 mm (No.4), the weight retained on any
sieve at the completion of the sieving operation shall not exceed 6kg/m 2 (4g/in2 ) of
sieving surface. For sieves with openings4.75mm (No4) and larger, the weight in
kg/m of sieving surface shall not exceed the product of 2.5 *(sieve opening in mm).
In no case shall the weight be so great as to cause permanent deformation of the sieve
cloth.

5. Continue sieving for a sufficient period and in such manner that; after completion, not
more than 1 weight % of the residue on any individual sieve will pass that sieve
during 1 minute of continuous hand sieving.
6. Determine the weight of each size increment by weighing on a scale or balance to the
nearest 0.1% of the total original dry sample weight. The total weight of the material
after sieving should check closely with original weight of sample placed on the
sieves. If the amount differ by more than 0.3% based on the original dry sample
weight, the results should not be used for acceptance purposes.

Calculation
1. Calculate percentages passing, total percentage retained, or percentages in various
size fraction to the nearest 0.1% on the basis of the total weight of the initial dry
sample.
2. Calculate fineness modulus, when required, by adding the total percentage of material
in the sample that is coarser than each of the flowing sieves (Cumulative percentage
retained), and dividing the sum by 100: 150-m (No. 100), 300-m (No. 50), 600-m
(No. 30), 1.18-mm (No. 16), 2.23-mm (No. 8), 4075-mm (3/8-in), 37.5-mm (1.5 in),
and larger, increasing in the ratio of 2 to 1.

Report:
The report shall include the following:

1. Total percentage of material passing each sieves, or


2. Total percentage of material retained on each sieves, or
3. Percentage of material retained between consecutive sieves.

Report the fineness modulus when required, to the nearest 0.01.


Data Sheets

For Fine Aggregate

Sieve Sieve Opening Materials % Materials Cumulative % Finer


Number (mm) Retained Retained % Retained
(gm)
3 inch 76.2
1.5 inch 38.1
¾ inch 19.05
3/8 inch 9.5
#4 4.75
#8 2.36
#16 1.19
#30 0.59
#50 0.30
#100 0.15
Pan - -
Total - -

FM

For Coarse Aggregate

Sieve Sieve Opening Materials % Materials Cumulative % Finer


Number (mm) Retained Retained % Retained
(gm)
3 inch 76.2
1.5 inch 38.1
¾ inch 19.05
3/8 inch 9.5
#4 4.75
#8 2.36
#16 1.19
#30 0.59
#50 0.30
#100 0.15
Pan - -
Total - -

FM
For Combined Aggregate (FA:CA=1:1.5)

Sieve Sieve Opening Materials % Materials Cumulative % Finer


Number (mm) Retained Retained % Retained
(gm)
3 inch 76.2
1.5 inch 38.1
¾ inch 19.05
3/8 inch 9.5
#4 4.75
#8 2.36
#16 1.19
#30 0.59
#50 0.30
#100 0.15
Pan - -
Total - -

FM

FM comb= (m1FM1+m2FM2 )/(m1+m2) m1= amount of FA


m2= amount of CA
=

Result:

FM for fine aggregate:

FM for coarse aggregate:

FM for combined aggregate:


Assignment:
1. In what sizes of particle the aggregate are deficient or oversupplied? How might this be
remedied in a practical way?

2. What is mean by ‘good grading’?

3. What is the practical use of controlling the grading of concrete aggregate?

4. How does the fineness modulus of aggregate affect the strength of concrete?
Discussion:

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