ESTÁTICA

Problema 01
Dibujar los diagramas de fuerza cortante y momento flexionante.

x
50 kg 40 kg/m

A B

2m 10 m

Solución:
Por semejanza de triángulos:

=
F 40
y
y = 4(x – 2)
x–2
10
F = (x – 2)  F = 2(x – 2)2

ΣFH = 0  HA = 0

ΣMB = 0  VA(10) – 50(12) – = 0  VA = 126.67 kg

ΣFV = 0  VB = 50 + – 126.67 = 123.33 kg

(V):
0 ≤ x ≤ 2  V = – 50
x = 2 V = 76.67
2 ≤ x ≤ 12  V = – 50 + 126.67 –
x = 12 V = –123.33

(M):
x=0 M=0
0 ≤ x ≤ 2  M = – 50x x = 2 M = –100
x=2 M = –100
2 ≤ x ≤ 12  M = – 50x + 126.67(x – 2) – (x – 2) 2 x = 8.19 M = 216.47
x = 12 M = 0
 ESTÁTICA
V 76.67
(kg) 3.81 m
+
2m
– 6.19 m –
50

M
(kg-m) 100
123.33
–

216.47

Problema 2

Dibujar los diagramas de fuerza cortante y momento flexionante.

20 T 20 T/m

10 T/m

A B

3m 2m 3m

Solución:

ΣFH = 0  HA = 0
ΣMB = 0  VA(8) – 30(6.5) – 20(3) – 30(1) = 0  VA = 35.625 T
ΣFV = 0  35.625 + VB – 30 – 20 – 30 = 0  VB = 44.375 T
 ESTÁTICA
(V):
x = 0 V = 35.625
0 ≤ x ≤ 3  V = 35.625 – 10x x = 3 V = 5.625

3 ≤ x ≤ 5  V = 35.625 – 30 = 5.625

x = 5 V = – 14.375
5 ≤ x ≤ 8  V = 35.625 – 30 – 20 – x = 8 V = – 44.375

(M):

x=0 M=0
0 ≤ x ≤ 3  M = 35.625x – x = 3 M = 61.875

x = 3 M = 61.875
3 ≤ x ≤ 5  M = 35.625 – 30(x – 1.5) x = 5 M = 73.125

x = 5 M = 73.125
5 ≤ x ≤ 8  M = 35.625x – 30(x – 1.5) – 20(x – 5) – (x – 5)3 x = 8 M = 0

35.625

V(T) 5.625
+
3m
3m 2m
–
14.375

M(T-m) 44.375
3m 2m 3m

(+)
61.875

73.125
 ESTÁTICA
Problema 3
Dibujar los diagramas de fuerza cortante y momento flexionante.
10 T/m

20 T-m
A B

4m 4m 2m

Solución:

ΣFH = 0  HA = 0

ΣMB = 0  VA(10) – + 20 = 0  VA = 12.67 T

ΣFV = 0  VB + VA – 20 = 0  VB = 7.33 T

(V):
x = 0 V = 12.67
0 ≤ x ≤ 4  V = 12.67 – x = 4 V = – 7.33

V = 0  x = 3.18

4 ≤ x ≤ 10  V = 12.67 – 20 = – 7.33

(M):
x=0 M=0
0 ≤ x ≤ 4  M = 12.67x – x = 3.18 M = 26.89
x=4 M = 24

x = 4 M = 24
4 ≤ x ≤ 8  M = 12.67x – 20 x = 8 M = –5.31

x = 8 M = 14.69
8 ≤ x ≤ 10  M = 12.67x – 20 + 20 x = 10 M = 0
 ESTÁTICA
12.67

V(T) 0.82 m
+
6m
A
3.18 m –
7.33
5.31 2 m
M(T-m) A
+
+ 14.69

24
26.89

Problema 4
Dibujar los diagramas de fuerza cortante y momento flexionante.

40 T
10 T/m 10 T

20 T-m
A
B
2m 3m 2m 1m

Solución:

ΣFH = 0  HA = 0
ΣMB = 0  VA(5) – 20(4) – 40(3) + 20 + 10(3) = 0  VA = 30 T
ΣFV = 0  30 + VB = 20 + 40 + 10  VB = 40 T

x = 0 V = 30
(V): 0 ≤ x ≤ 2  V = 30 – 10x x = 2 V = 10

2 ≤ x ≤ 5  V = 30 – 20 – 40 = – 30
5 ≤ x ≤ 8  V = 30 – 20 – 40 + 40 = 10
 ESTÁTICA
x=0 M=0
(M): 0 ≤ x ≤ 2  M = 30x – x = 2 M = 40

x = 2 M = 40
2 ≤ x ≤ 5  M = 30x – 20(x – 1) – 40(x – 2) x = 5 M = –50

x = 5 M = –50
5 ≤ x ≤ 7  M = 30x – 20(x – 1) – 40(x – 2) + 40(x – 5) x = 7 M = –30

De derecha a izquierda:
x=0 M=0
0 ≤ x ≤ 1  M = –10x x = 1 M = –10

30

V(T) + 10 10 +
2m 3m 2m 1m

30 50
30
M
– 10
(T-m)
2m 3m 2m 1m
+
40

Problema 5
Dibujar los diagramas de fuerza cortante y momento flexionante.

10 T 20 T
5 T/m
6 T-m

A B

2m 8m 2m 2m 4m
 ESTÁTICA
Solución:

ΣFH = 0  HA = 0

ΣMB = 0  VA(12) – 10(14) – 40(8) + 6 + 20(4) = 0  VA = 31.17 T

ΣFV = 0  VA + VB – 10 – 40 – 20 = 0  VB = 38.33 T

(V):
0 ≤ x ≤ 2  V = – 10
x = 2 V = 21.17
2 ≤ x ≤ 10  V = – 10 + 31.17 – 5(x – 2) x = 10 V = – 18.33

10 ≤ x ≤ 14  V = – 10 + 31.17 – 5(8) = – 18.33

De derecha a izquierda:
0 ≤ x ≤ 4  V = 20

Para:
2 ≤ x ≤ 10  V = 0  x = 6.23

(M):

x=0 M=0
0 ≤ x ≤ 2  M = – 10x x=2 M = – 20

x=2 M = –20
2 ≤ x ≤ 10  M = – 10x + 31.17(x – 2) – 5(x – 2) x = 6.23 M = 24.81
x = 10 M = –10.64

x = 10 M = –10.64
10 ≤ x ≤ 12  M = – 10x + 31.17(x – 2) – 40(x – 6) x = 12 M = –48.3

x = 12 M = –42.3
12 ≤ x ≤ 14  M = – 10x + 31.17(x – 2) – 40(x – 6) + 6 x = 14 M = –80

De derecha a izquierda:

x=0 M=0
0 ≤ x ≤ 4  M = – 20x x = 4 M = – 80
 ESTÁTICA
21.17 20

V(T) +
+ 3.77 2 m 2 m
2m
– 4.23 m – 4m
18.83
10
80
48.3
20 42.3
M
(T-m) – –
10.64
2m +

24.81

Problema 6

Dibujar los diagramas de fuerza cortante y momento flexionante.

20 T
15 T/m
10 T-m

A B

2m 3m 1m

Solución:

ΣFH = 0  HA = 0

ΣMB = 0  VA(3) – 10 – 20(5) – 15(4)(1) = 0  VA = 56.67 T

ΣFV = 0  VA + VB – 20 – 15(4) = 0  VB = 23.33 T

 ESTÁTICA
(V):
0 ≤ x ≤ 2  V = – 20
x = 2 V = 36.67
2 ≤ x ≤ 5  V = – 20 + 56.67 – 15(x – 2) x = 5 V = –8.33
V = 0  x = 4.44

De derecha a izquierda:
x=0 V=0
0 ≤ x ≤ 1  V = 15x x = 1 V = 15

(M):

x=0 M = –10
0 ≤ x ≤ 2  M = – 10 – 20x x=2 M = –50
x=2 M = –50
2 ≤ x ≤ 5  M = – 10 – 20x + 56.67(x – 2) – 15 x = 4.44 M = –5.17
x=5 M = –7.5

De derecha a izquierda:

x=0 M=0
0 ≤ x ≤ 1  M = – 15 x = 1 M = –7.5

36.67
15
+ 0.56 m
V(T) 2m +
2.44 m – 1m
– 8.33
20 50

M
(T-m) – 5.17 7.5
10