Dust Sensor User Manual Waveshare

Dust Sensor
User Manual
1. Characteristics and principle

This module is a dust sensing system based on the sensor GP2Y1010AU0F. It

integrates an internal infrared emitting diode (IRED) to detect the reflected light of
dust in air and generate an output voltage proportional to dust density so as to
measure dust and smoke concentration.

Measured object: Fine particle larger than 0.8μm in diameter

Measurement range: 500μg/m3
Output: Analog voltage
Working voltage: 2.5V~5.5V
Dimensions: 63.2mm×41.3mm
Fixed hole size: 2.0mm
Air hole size: 9.0mm

1.1. Output characteristics

The output voltage of the module is proportional to dust density in the range of 0 to
0.5mg/m3, as Figure 1 shows.

Figure 1: Output Voltage vs. Dust Concentration

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1.2. Control principle

1) Enable the internal infrared emitting diode by setting the pin ILED to HIGH.
2) Wait 0.28ms, then the external controller starts to sample the voltage from the
pin AOUT of the module. Notes that the output wave will take 0.28ms to reach
steady state after the internal infrared emitting diode is enabled, as Figure 2
shows.

Figure 2: Sampling timing of output pulse

3) There is a period of 0.04ms for sampling. When finished, set the pin ILED to
LOW to disable the internal infrared emitting diode.
4) Calculate the dust concentration according to the relationship between output
voltage and dust concentration. For more detailed information, please refer to
the relative Demos.
Note: The output voltage has been divided (see schematic), so that the voltage
measurement should x 11 to get the actual voltage.

1.3. Applications

It is applied to detect of dust in the air, such as the applications of Air Purifier, Air
Monitor and PM2.5 Detector.

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2. How to use

2.1. Pin descriptions

Pin No. Symbol Description

1 VCC Supply voltage (2.5V-5.5V)
2 GND Ground
3 AOUT Analog voltage output
4 ILED LED terminal current
Table 1: Pin descriptions

2.2. How to use with development board

In this section, we will illustrate how to use this module to work with the
development boards.

2.2.1. Open103R board with main control chip STM32F103R

1) Compile and download the Demo to the development board;

2) Connect the development board to your PC via the USART2 interface on the
board and with a serial communication module. Here is the serial setting by the
serial debugging assistant:
Baud rate 115200
Data bit 8
Stop bit 1
Parity bit None
Flow control bit None

3) Connect the module and the Open103R development board as below:

Module pin Open103R pin
VCC 3.3V or 5V
GND GND
AOUT GPIOA.6
ILED GPIOA.7
Table 2: The relationship between module pins and Open103R pins

4) Power up the development board, and then you can see the relative data of
current dust concentration shown on the serial assistant. And there will be
obvious changes of the data displayed when lots of fine particle go through the

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air hole of the module. For more information, please see to the section
Appendix in this document.

2.2.2. Open407Z-C board with main control chip STM32F407Z

1) Compile and download the Demo to the development board;

2) Connect the development board to your PC via the USART2 interface on the
board and with a serial communication module. Here is the serial setting by the
serial debugging assistant:
Baud rate 115200
Data bit 8
Stop bit 1
Parity bit None
Flow control bit None

3) Connect the module and the Open407Z-C development board as below:

Module pin Open407Z-C pin
VCC 3.3V or 5V
GND GND
AOUT GPIOA.6
ILED GPIOA.7
Table 3: The relationship between module pins and Open407Z-C pins

4) Power up the development board, and then you can see the relative data of
current dust concentration shown on the serial assistant. And there will be
obvious changes of the data displayed when lots of fine particle go through the
air hole of the module. For more information, please see to the section
Appendix in this document.

2.2.3. NUCLEO-F103RB board with main control chip STM32F103R

There are two versions of the Demos for this development board: Mbed Version
and ST Library Version. And the relative operation steps and the experimental
phenomena of these two versions are the same.
1) Compile and download the Demo to the development board;
2) Connect the development board to your PC via the USB interface. Here is the
serial setting by the serial debugging assistant:
Baud rate 115200
Data bit 8
Stop bit 1
Parity bit None
Flow control bit None

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3) Connect the module and the XNUCLEO-F103RB development board as below:

Module pin XNUCLEO-F103RB
pin
VCC 3.3V or 5V
GND GND
AOUT A0
ILED D7
Table 4: The relationship between module pins and XNUCLEO-F103RB pins

4) Power up the development board, and then you can see the relative data of
current dust concentration shown on the serial assistant. And there will be
obvious changes of the data displayed when lots of fine particle go through the
air hole of the module. For more information, please see to the section
Appendix in this document.

2.2.4. Arduino UNO

1) Compile and download the Demo to the development board;

2) Connect the development board to your PC via the USB interface. Here is the
serial setting by the serial debugging assistant:
Baud rate 9600
Data bit 8
Stop bit 1
Parity bit None
Flow control bit None

3) Connect the module and the development board as below:

Module pin development
board pin
VCC 3.3V or 5V
GND GND
AOUT A0
ILED D7
Table 5: The relationship between module pins and UNO PLUS pins

4) Power up the development board, and then you can see the relative data of
current dust concentration shown on the serial assistant. And there will be
obvious changes of the data displayed when lots of fine particle go through the
air hole of the module. For more information, please see to the section
Appendix in this document.

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3. Appendix

3.1. Experimental phenomena

The relative data of current dust concentration will be displayed during the
detection.

Here is the air quality criterion:

PM2.5 density value Air quality Air quality Air quality
(μg/m3) index level evaluation
0-35 0-50 Level 1 Excellent
35-75 51-100 Level 2 Average
Light
75-115 101-150 Level 3
pollution
Moderate
115-150 151-200 Level 4
pollution
Heavy
150-250 201-300 Level 5
pollution
Serious
250-500 ≥300 Level 6
pollution

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