A SYNOPSIS ON

“STRESS MANAGEMENT AT WORKPLACE”

AT
“D-MART”
BY
DARA NIHARIKA
(HALL TICKET NO: 2129-21-672-076)
Synopsis for project to be submitted for the award
of the degree of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
OSMANIA UNIVERSITY
2021-2023

AURORA’PG COLLEGE, NAMPALLY

 INTRODUCTION
Stress Management is a state arising from the interaction of people and their jobs and
characterized by changes within people that force them to deviate from the normal
functioning. Stress Management is associated with constraints and demands. The constraints
prevent you from doing what you desire. The stress refer to the loss of something desired.
“Stress is a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity,
constraint or demand related to what he or she desires and for which the outcome is perceived
to be both uncertain and important”.
Stress is not necessarily bad in and of itself. While stress is typically discussed in a negative
context, it also has positive value. It is an opportunity when it offers potential gain.
Sometimes individuals use stress positively to rise to the occasion and perform at or near
their maximum.
The more working definition of stress is as follows;
“An adaptive response, mediated by individual differences and/or psychological processes
that a consequence of any external action, situation, or event that places excessive
psychological and/or physical demands on a person”.
The entire research is based on causes of stress, penalty of stress and how to cope up with
stress.
This project is helpful for both individual and organization to understand the importance of
stress management, how to face the situations and how to eradicate the stress. By this they
can give their better performance towards their job.
“Without stress, there would be no life.” By -Hans Selye
Stress In Today's World
It was the best of times, it was the worst of times,” Charles Dickens wrote of 18 th century
France in his masterpiece A Tale of Two Cities. Could the same be said for you, today's
college student? Never before have college students been faced with such vast opportunities,
such freedom of choice, and such an array of information. Yet these opportunities, these
many choices, and this information overload can be the factors that leave you feeling
overwhelmed and stressed. Will this be the greatest of times or the worst of times for you?
As you will learn in the chapters to come, the decision is yours. With the right skills and the
right information, you will be in control of your destiny.
Stress is a part of day-to-day living of every individual. The college students may experience
stress in meeting the academic demands, people on the job, business men may suffer stress to
reach office in time and to complete the projects on time and even the house hold ladies may
experience stress in managing the home affairs and to look for the maid servant. The reasons
for the stress differ from person to person. The stress people experience should not be
necessarily treated as harmful. An finest amount of stress can always act as an energizer or
motivator and propel people to apply the efforts and complete the work. But a high level of
stress can be serious threat to the personality traits of the individual and can cause
physiological and social problems.

What is Stress?
Stress is the "wear and tear" our bodies experience as we fine-tune to our continually
changing environment; it has physical and emotional effects on us and can create positive or
negative feelings.

How can I eliminate stress from my life?

As we have seen, positive stress adds anticipation and excitement to life, and we all thrive
under a certain amount of stress. Deadlines, competitions, confrontations, and even our
frustrations and sorrows add depth and enrichment to our lives. Our goal is not to eliminate
stress but to learn how to manage it and how to use it to help us. Insufficient stress acts as a
depressant and may leave us feeling bored or dejected; on the other hand, excessive stress
may leave us feeling "tied up in knots." What we need to do is find the optimal level of stress,
which will individually prompt but not overwhelm each of us.

How can I tell what is optimal stress for me?

There is no single level of stress that is optimal for all people. We are all individual creatures
with unique requirements. As such, what is distressing to one may be a joy to another. And
even when we agree that a particular event is distressing, we are likely to differ in our
physiological and psychological responses to it.
 THEORETICAL REVIEW

Stress is a much talked about word in today’s time whether or not the seriousness with which

to avoid it and to deal with it, is adequate in organizations. Stress today affects almost all in

some way or the other. Organizations are group of people and therefore they cannot remain

unaffected. If the literature review is of any indication, stress emerges as a key concern in the

business world today. The implication of stress are many, including the morale, attrition,

overhead costs and poor productivity and therefore there have been many researches that

have examined stress and its variables.

REVIEWOF LITERATURE

Article 1:

Title:Effects of occupational stress management intervention programs: A meta-analysis.

Author:Richardson, Katherine M. Rothstein, Hannah R.

Journal:Occupational Health Psychology. 13(1), 69-93.

Abstract:

A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effectiveness of stress management

interventions in occupational settings. Thirty-six experimental studies were included,

representing 55 interventions. Total sample size was 2,847. Of the participants, 59% were

female, mean age was 35.4, and average length of intervention was 7.4 weeks. The overall

weighted effect size (Cohen's d) for all studies was 0.526 (95% confidence interval = 0.364,

0.687), a significant medium to large effect. Interventions were coded as cognitive-

behavioral, relaxation, organizational, multimodal, or alternative. Analyses based on these

subgroups suggested that intervention type played a moderating role. Cognitive-behavioral

programs consistently produced larger effects than other types of interventions, but if
additional treatment components were added the effect was reduced. Within the sample of

studies, relaxation interventions were most frequently used, and organizational interventions

continued to be scarce. Effects were based mainly on psychological outcome variables, as

opposed to physiological or organizational measures. The examination of additional

moderators such as treatment length, outcome variable, and occupation did not reveal

significant variations in effect size by intervention type. (PsycINFO Database Record (c)

2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Article 2:

Title: Using the job demands-resources model to predict burnout and performance

Author:Arnold B. Bakker,EvangeliaDemerouti,WillemVerbeke

Journal: Using the job demands-resources model to predict burnout and

performance10.1002/hrm.20004

Abstract:

The job demands-resources (JD-R) model was used to examine the relationship between job

characteristics, burnout, and (other- ratings of) performance (N=146). We hypothesized that

job demands (e.g., work pressure and emotional demands) would be the most important

antecedents of the exhaustion component of burnout, which, in turn, would predict in-role

performance (hypothesis 1). In contrast, job resources (e.g., autonomy and social support)

were hypothesized to be the most important predictors of extra role performance, through

their relationship with the disengagement component of burnout (hypothesis 2). In addition,

we predict that job resources would buffer the relationship between job demands and

exhaustion (hypothesis 3), and that exhaustion would be positively related to disengagement

(hypothesis 4). The results of structural equation modeling analysis provided strong support

for hypothesis 1, 2, and 4, but rejected hypothesis 3. These findings support the JD-R model’s
claim that job demands and job resources initiate two psychological processes, which

eventually affect organizational outcomes. 2004 Wiley periodicals, Inc.

Article 3:

Title: Stress Management in Medical Education: A Review of the Literature

Author: Shapiro, Shauna L. MA; Shapiro, Daniel E. PhD; Schwartz, Gary E. R. PhD

Journal: Stress Management in Medical Education: A Review of the LiteratureJuly 2000 -

Volume 75 - Issue 7 - p 748–759

Abstract:

To review systematically clinical studies providing empirical data on stress-management

programs in medical training. The authors searched Medline and PSYCHINFO from 1966 to

1999. Studies were included if they evaluated stress-management programs for medical

trainees (medical students, interns, or residents); reported empirical data; and had been

conducted at allopathic medical schools.Although the search yielded over 600 articles

discussing the importance of addressing the stress of medical education, only 24 studies

reported intervention programs, and only six of those used rigorous scientific method. Results

revealed that medical trainees participating in stress-management programs demonstrated-

improved immunologic functioning, decreases in depression and anxiety, increased

spirituality and empathy,enhanced knowledge of alternative therapies for future referrals,

improved knowledge of the effects of stress, greater use of positive coping skills, and the

ability to resolve role conflicts, rigorous study design, including randomization and control

(comparison) groups, measurement of moderator variables to determine which intervention

works best for whom, specificity of outcome measures, and follow-up assessment, including

effectiveness of future patient care.

Article 4:
Title: A stress management program me for inflammatory bowel disease patient

Author:Barbara Milne RN, MScN,Gloria Joachim RN MSN,JosephNiedhardt MD

Journal: A stress management program for inflammatory bowel disease patients.

10.1111/j.1365-2648.1986.tb01288.

Abstract:

This randomized controlled trial was designed to determine whether practicing stress

management techniques would decrease disease activity and promote psychosocial

functioning in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Eighty ambulatory adults received a pre-

intervention interview, at which time baseline data about disease activity and psychosocial

functioning were collected. They were then randomly assigned to either the intervention or

control group. The intervention group received six classes on stress management which

included autogenic, personal planning skills and communication techniques. All 80 subjects

were followed up at 4-month intervals for 1 year by interviewers who were blind to group

designation. The data collection instruments, which were used at all assessment points,

comprised three questionnaires: the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and the

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Stress Index. These instruments produced scores which

decreased with improvement in physical and psychosocial well-being. At all assessment

points, both the CDAI and IBD Stress Index scores dropped significantly (P<005) from

baseline in the treatment group. However, there was no significant change in the scores of the

control group throughout the study year.

Article 5:
Title: How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and

sickness absenteeism

Author:Wilmar B. Schaufeli,Arnold B. Bakker,Willem Van Rhenen

Journal: work engagement, and sickness absenteeism10.1002/job.595

Abstract

The present longitudinal survey among 201 telecom managers supports the Job Demands-

Resources (JD-R) model that postulates a health impairment process and a motivational

process. As hypothesized, results of structural equation modeling analyses revealed that: (1)

increases in job demands (i.e., overload, emotional demands, and work-home interference)

and decreases in job resources (i.e., social support, autonomy, opportunities to learn, and

feedback) predict burnout, (2) increases in job resources predict work engagement, and (3)

burnout (positively) and engagement (negatively) predict registered sickness duration

(“involuntary” absence) and frequency (“involuntary” absence), respectively. Finally,

consistent with predictions results suggest a positive gain spiral: initial work engagement

predicts an increase in job resources, which, in its turn, further increases work engagement.

Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The Successful Stress Management course gives you guidance on the changes necessary to
overcome and reject negative emotions, and to replace them with positive ones that give you
true quality of life. This course will enable you to consider the causes and effects of the stress
in today’s world, and help you plan strategies for managing and controlling stress to develop
a healthy sense of self-esteem. This is a much-needed course in today’s world of increasing
anxieties, and is invaluable whether you want to benefits yourself or make a career out of
giving guidance to others.

We can define stress as “body’s non-specific response to any demand made on it”. Stress is
not by definition synonymous with nervous tension or anxiety. On one side stress provides
the means to express talents and energies and pursue happiness on the other side it can also
cause exhaustion and illness, either physical or psychological.

NATURE OF THE STUDY

Stress management is need of the hour for Indian organizations. Organizations employ

various methods to manage stress among their employees. Such methods include providing a

healthy and hygienic work environment, fair compensation, flexible work schedules, proper

feedback mechanism, insurance options, proper leaves and holiday options, training and job

security so that employees feel motivated to work. Some organizations even employ

counselors to deal with stress related problems of employees. Activities like picnics, outdoor

sports, stress management seminars and lectures are also undertaken by organizations to

reduce stress levels among their staff.

Increasing competition in the global market has compelled Indian organizations to deal with

stress management issues on a priority basis.

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

• In the era of globalization the nature of work place and the way of working is
getting more complex day by day which are in turn adding to the stress levels of
employees in every organization. Excessive stress may cause unproductive
behaviors in the organization hence it’s dreadfully vital to study the stress levels
of employees in an organization
• Knowing the reasons of stress will help an organization to focus more towards
creating employee satisfaction and providing them good amenities to treaty with
stress.
• Stress management will also help in differentiating between the organizational
factors and personal factors which cause stress.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

• The current study is to acquire an intensive opinion about the level of stress
among the employees in D-MART, Hyderabad.
• The study of Stress Management will facilitate us to know several aspects like
the causes of stress, the working conditions, the time suppleness, treatment to the
employees, grievances in the D-MART, Hyderabad.
• Knowing the above facts provides a unique platform to generalize certain factors
causing stress which is occurring more frequent in D-MART.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

• To find out the overall organizational stress levels of the employees in D-MART.
• To find out the apparent causes of stress for the employees of D-MART.
• To verify whether they are satisfied with various terms and conditions of D-
MART.
• To be acquainted with various problem areas for employees, which is stress
causing.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

Research is a procedure of logical and systematic application of the fundamentals of science
to the general and overall questions of a study and scientific technique by which provide
precise tools, specific procedures and technical, rather than philosophical means for getting
and ordering the facts prior to their logical analysis and manipulation, Different type of
research designs is available depending upon the nature of research project, availability of
able manpower and circumstances. Survey method is used for the study.
Primary data:
Primary data is a type of information that is obtained directly from first-hand sources by
means of surveys, surveillance or experimentation. It is data that has not been previously
published and is derived from a new or original research study and collected at the
source such as in marketing.
Primary data for this study was collected through well-designed questionnaire.

Secondary data:
Secondary data is all the information collected for purposes other than the completion of
a research project and it’s used to gain initial insight into the research problem. It is
classified in terms of its source – either internal or external.
Resultant data was composed through company records, books and websites of D-
MART.

Sample Size:
The sample size for this study was 100 employees that comprises of executives, non-
executive, managers, etc. We analyzed the data using simple sampling technique.

Period of The Study

The time period of my alarmed project was 45 days.
The data which I collected is contemporary in nature.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

• The study is only limited within few employees. We could not cover all the top
level executives of the organization. So the views were not given in consensus.
• Many of them are new to organization so they may not know the problems of
their team in their organization.
• Some of them might not give their original opinions.
• The duration of the study is very short in order to congregate accurate data about
stress levels.

INDYUSTRY PROFILE
Retailing in India is one of the pillars of its economy and accounts for 16 to 18 percent
of its GDP. India is the 5th largest retail market in the world. The country ranks fourth
among the surveyed 30 countries in terms of global retail development. The current
market size of Indian retail industry is about US$ 520 bn (Source: IBEF). Retail growth
of 14% to 15% per year is expected through 2018. By 2018, the Indian retail sector is
likely to grow at a CAGR of 13% to reach a size of US$ 950 bn. Retailing has played a
major role the world over in increasing productivity across a wide range of consumer
goods and services. In the developed countries, the organised retail industry accounts
for almost 80% of the total retail trade. In contrast, in India organised retail trade
accounts for merely 8-10% of the total retail trade. This highlights a lot of scope for
further penetration of organized retail in India.

The sector can be broadly divided into two segments: Value retailing, which is
typically a low margin-high volume business (primarily food and groceries) and
Lifestyle retailing, a high margin-low volume business (apparel, footwear, etc). The
sector is further divided into various categories, depending on the types of products
offered. Food dominates market consumption with 60% share followed by fashion. The
relatively low contribution of other categories indicates opportunity for organised retail
growth in these segments, especially with India being one of the world's youngest
markets. Transition from traditional retail to organised retail is taking place due to
changing consumer expectations, growing middle class, higher disposable income,
preference for luxury goods, and change in the demographic mix, etc. The convenience
of shopping with multiplicity of choice under one roof (Shop-in-Shop), and the increase
of mall culture etc. are factors appreciated by the new generation. These factors are
expected to drive organized retail growth in India over the long run.

During FY14, the economic backdrop was a key factor impacting the performance of
retail companies across various sub sectors, including that of organized retail.
Consumer sentiment and business confidence continued to be subdued during the year
with economic growth decelerating further. This is attributable mainly to weakening
industrial growth in the context of tight monetary policy followed by the RBI through
most of the year, political & policy stability related concerns and uncertainty in the
global economy

COMPANY PROFILE
OVERVIEW

DMart is a one-stop supermarket chain that aims to offer customers a wide range of basic
home and personal products under one roof. Each DMart store stocks home utility products -
including food, toiletries, beauty products, garments, kitchenware, bed and bath linen, home
appliances and more - available at competitive prices that our customers appreciate. Our core
objective is to offer customers good products at great value.
DMart was started by Mr. Radhakishan Damani and his family to address the growing needs
of the Indian family. From the launch of its first store in Powai in 2002, DMart today has a
well-established presence in 140 locations across Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh,
Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, NCR, Tamil Nadu, Punjab and
Rajasthan. With our mission to be the lowest priced retailer in the regions we operate, our
business continues to grow with new locations planned in more cities.

The supermarket chain of DMart stores is owned and operated by Avenue Supermarts Ltd.
(ASL). The company has its headquarters in Mumbai.

* The brands D Mart, D Mart Minimax, D Mart Premia, D Homes, Dutch Harbour, etc are
brands owned by ASL

FOUNDERS

DMart is owned and operated by Avenue Supermarts Ltd. (ASL) – a company founded by
Mr. Radhakishan Damani. Mr. Radhakishan Damani is respected in the business world as an
astute investor in the Indian equity market, he has built a company that constantly strives
towards developing a deep understanding of customer needs and satisfying them with the
right products. A firm believer in core business fundamentals and strong ethical values, Mr.
Damani has built DMart into an efficient, large and profitable retail chain that is highly
respected by customers, partners and employees alike.
D-MART VISION AND MISSION

Our Vision:

To become the best global brand, giving seamless visa consultancy services to individual
wanting to travel, study, work, settle or do business abroad and empower entrepreneurs and
skilled professionals on a global platform by providing them career guidance, introducing
progressive career opportunities across borders and strategizing business expansions for
them.

Our Mission:

At DMart, we research, identify and make available new products and categories that suit the
everyday needs of the Indian family. Our mission is to provide the best value possible for our
customers, so that every rupee they spend on shopping with us gives them more value for
money than they would get anywhere else.