Soft Starters Peter Electronic - Dimensioning Rules en

Dimensioning Rules for Soft Starters 1.
23
All data sheets and commissioning instructions are available on our homepage at
www.peter-electronic.com.
Configuration Instructions
The two following diagrams for an 11kW-drive operated at nominal load show the waveforms of electrical and mechanical quantities of
the drive during the ramp-up phase, both with and without soft starter:
motor current
motor voltage
torque
driving speed
Ramp-up of the three-phase asynchronous motor directly connected to the mains (at nominal load)
motor current
motor voltage
torque
driving speed
Ramp-up of a three-phase asynchronous motor with soft starter (at nominal load)
Both groups of curves show the complete acceleration and deceleration phase.
In this connection, especially the waveform of the current during ramp-up with a soft starter is of interest. Depending on the adjusted
starting voltage (boost), the current increases more or less steeply until nominal speed is reached. For the following load diagrams
(thermal load), the mean value of that current is to be used which is formed by the current flowing at the starting point and the current
flowing when nominal speed is reached (see example).
The following diagrams show how the maximum starting frequency (in starts per hour) depends on the ramp-up time and the mean
starting current flowing during ramp-up.
The curves represent the thermal ratio oft he heat generated in the power semiconductors and the possible dissipation of heat by the
integrated heat sinks, i.e., a high starting frequency in combination with a large mean starting current causes intense heating by the
power demiconductors. If, in addition, a long ramp-up time is required for the starting operation, the number of starts possible within a
certain unit of time reduces accordingly.
07/17
1.24 Dimensioning Rules for Soft Starters
The following example is to explain how to select a soft starter:
Assumption: motor shaft power: 11kW

nominal/rated motor current: 21,7A
max. ramp-up time: 6s
mean starting current to be expected: 65A (no high-inertia starting)
max. starting frequency: 50 starts/h
In compliance with the power rating of the motor, a VersiStart II 400-25 soft starter is selected (acc. to the data sheet it is suitable for
11kW motors, Ie = 25A).
However, when checking the number of starts per hour possible with this device under these conditions, it turns out that this device is not suitable:
35 Starts/h
Ramp-up-time 6s
When dividing the starting current of 65A to be expected by the nominal current of 25A of the soft starter VersiStart II 400-25, this gives
approx. 3 x Ie (65A/25A) of the soft starter. Consequently, a maximum starting frequency of 35 starts per hour is permissible for this
device, i.e., in this case VersiStart II 400-25 would be overloaded.
This is only possible by reducing the ramp-up time. As demonstrated by the two below diagrams, the ramp-up time maximally possible
for the application of a VersiStart II 400-25 would be approx. 4s.
50 Starts/h
max. Ramp-up time approx. 4s

Dimensioning Rules for Soft Starters 1.25
If it is due to technological reasons not possible to go below the specified ramp-up time of 6s, a device that complies with the requested
parameters has to be used.
When looking at the characteristic curves, it becomes clear that, for this case of application, a VersiStart II 400-32 is suitable. With a
twofold nominal current of the soft starter, i.e., 2 x Ie (65A/32A), and a ramp-up time of 6s, this device has a starting frequency of approx.
55 starts/h.
Since only 50 starts/h are required, this device is optimally designed to withstand the most the most unfavorable thermal loading.
55 Starts/h
Ramp-up time 6s
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Load diagrams:
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07/17
07/17
Dimensioning of pre-fuses:
Basically, two types of fuse protection are available fort he user:

1. Fusing according to allocation type „1“ DIN EN 60947-4-2.
After a short circuit the soft starter is allowed to be inoperative and repair work is poosible.
2. Fusing according to allocation type „2“ DIN EN 60947-4-2.
After a short circuit the device must be suitable for further use. However, there is the danker that the contacts of the by-pass
relays (-contactors) weld. Therefor, if possible, these contacts are to be checked prior to reconnecting the device to the supply.
If this check cannot be carried out by the user, the device has to be returned to the producer in order to have it checked.
The following dimensioning information refers tot he below operating conditions:

- Use of standard asynchronous motors
- Standard ramp-up and/or deceleration times
Fusing according to allocation type „1“:

As pre-fuses, we recommend to use fuses of utilization category gG or aM.
The fuse values are to be determined by taking the conductor cross-sectional area of the wiring into account. The wiring cross-sectional
area is to be determined in dependence on the rated motor current, the maximally occurring starting current (normally up to the 5-fold
rated device current) and the starting frequency. Table 1 shows the values for numerous applications, i.e., with a 3-fold nominal/rated
current as mean starting current and a maximum ramp-up time of 10s. In the case of parameter values exceeding these values, it may be
necessary to adapt the fuse value accordingly.
Note: Wiring cross-sectional area according to DIN VDE 0100-430, DIN EN 57100-430.
Fusing according to allocation type „2“:

The power semiconductors are to be protected by fuses of the utilization category gR (semiconductor fuses, high-speed fuses). However,
since these fuses do not ensure line protection, it is necessary to use additionally line protection fuses (utiliz. category gL).
To protect the semiconductors it is necessary to select gR-fuses featuring cutoff I²t-values which are approx.. 10-15% below the I²t-value
of the power semiconductor (see technical data). In this connection, the current-value of the selected fuse should not be smaller than the
starting current to be expected.
PETER electronic does not prescribe the use of semiconductor protection fuses. However, for some UL- or CSA-listed devices there are
exceptions which are indicated in the relevant commissioning instructions.
Notes
- On the basis of the I²t-value of the power semiconductors, the ramp-up time and possibly the max. starting current, the fuse
supplier is able to select a suitable type. Due to the great variety of producers, sizes and types. PETER electronic does not
recommend any particular fuses.
- If the value oft he fuse or the cutoff-I²t-value is selectred too small, it may happen that the semiconductor fuse reacts during
the starting phase or during deceleration.
- In the case of special devices having increased ramp-up or deceleration times, the recommended fuse value may have to be
adapted.
07/17
Table 1
nominal/rated
fuse value in the case of starting frequency
device type device current
allocation type 1 starts / h (3xIe 5s)
(techn. data)
VS II 3,5A 10A 150
VS II-3LDS, VS II 6,5A 16A/20A 120/75
VS III 9A 20A 50
VS II-5,5LDS, VS II 12A 20A/32A 65/30
VS II-7,5LDS 15A 35A 100
VS II, VS III 16A 32A 15/30
VS II 17A 35A 60
VS II, VS II-11LDS, VS III 25A 50A 40/65/20
VS II, VS II-15LDS 32A 63A 30/35
VS III 37A 63A 15
VS II, VS III 45A 100A/80A 10

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Dimensioning Rules for Soft Starters 1.

The following example is to explain how to select a soft starter:

Assumption: motor shaft power: 11kW

max. Ramp-up time approx. 4s

Basically, two types of fuse protection are available fort he user:

The following dimensioning information refers tot he below operating conditions:

Fusing according to allocation type „1“:

Fusing according to allocation type „2“:

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