CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2014 series

0416 HISTORY (US)

0416/23 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 50

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of
the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not
indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began,
which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner
Report for Teachers.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2014 series for
most Cambridge IGCSE®, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some
Cambridge O Level components.

® IGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations.

 Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2014 0416 23

19th Century Topic

1 Study Sources A and B. How far do these two sources agree? Explain your answer using
details of the sources. [8]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Writes about the sources but makes no valid comparison [1]

Level 2 Identifies information that is in one source but not in the other or states that the sources
are about the same subject [2]

Level 3 Agreement or disagreement of detail or sub-messages [3–4]

Level 4 Agreement and disagreement of detail or sub-messages [5–6]

Level 5 Compares big messages. [7–8]

2 Study Source C. What was the cartoonist's message? Explain your answer using details of
the source and your knowledge. [7]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Writes about source but fails to address the question [1]

Level 2 Surface description of the cartoon [2–3]

Level 3 Explains valid sub-message [4–5]

Level 4 Explains big-message of source. [6–7]

3 Study Sources D and E. Does Source E make you surprised by Source D? Explain your
answer using details of the sources and your knowledge. [7]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Surface comparisons [1]

Level 2 Answers based on use of undeveloped provenance – explains if surprised [2–3]

Level 3 Compares surface content of sources – explains if surprised [3–4]

Level 4 Answers based on developed use of provenance [5–6]

Level 5 Answers on basis of developed provenance. [7]

© Cambridge International Examinations 2014

 Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2014 0416 23

4 Study Sources F and G. Which of these two sources do you trust more? Explain your
answer using details of the sources and your knowledge. [8]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Surface comparisons [1]

Level 2 Answers based on use of undeveloped provenance [2–3]

Level 3 Valid evaluation but no comparison [4]

Level 4 Answers based on cross-reference [5–6]

Level 5 Answers based on developed use of provenance. [7–8]

5 Study Source H. Why was this source published in Germany in 1848? Explain your answer
using details of the source and your knowledge. [8]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Writes about sources but fails to address the question [1]

Level 2 To impart information – explains what this is [2]

Level 3 Explains context of 1848 but does not address message/purpose [3–4]

Level 4 Explains message of source [5]

Level 5 Explains purpose of source [6]

Level 6 Explains purpose in context of 1848. [7–8]

© Cambridge International Examinations 2014

 Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2014 0416 23

6 Study all the sources. How far do these sources provide convincing evidence that the
revolutions of 1848 were a real threat to the social system? Use the sources to explain
your answer. [12]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 No valid source use [1–3]

Level 2 Uses sources to support or reject the statement [4–6]

Level 3 Uses sources to support and reject the statement [7–10]

Award up to 2 bonus marks for evaluation of sources (no more than 1 per source).

Source use must be reference to a source by letter, by provenance or by direct quote. There
must be examples from source content. There must be an explanation of how this supports/does
not support the statement.

Use Y in the margin for each source use in support of the statement and N for each source use
rejecting the statement.

YES NO

A,C,D,F,G,H A,B,D,E

© Cambridge International Examinations 2014

 Page 5 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2014 0416 23

20th Century Topic

1 Study Sources A and B. How far do these two sources agree? Explain your answer using
details of the sources. [7]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Writes about the sources but makes no valid comparison [1]

Level 2 Identifies information that is in one source but not in the other or states that the sources
are about the same subject [2]

or

Compares the provenance of the sources

Level 3 Agreement or disagreement of detail or sub-messages [3–4]

Disagreement – e.g. Hitler’s foreign policy inevitable in A but B says Versailles was
responsible; Agreement – both say it gave Germany an excuse or grievance, both say
Germany was too strong after Versailles. Both say the peacemakers wanted a better
Europe.

Level 4 Agreement and disagreement of detail or sub-messages [5]

Level 5 Compares big messages [6–7]

A says either Versailles was not responsible for WW2 or Versailles was the best that
could be achieved at the time;
B says Versailles was responsible or Versailles was a mistake.

2 Study Sources C and D. How similar are these two cartoons? Explain your answer using
details of the sources and your knowledge. [8]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Surface comparisons [1]

Level 2 Answers based on use of undeveloped provenance [2]

Level 3 Interprets valid sub-message of one or both sources – no valid comparison [3]

Level 4 Interprets big message of one/both sources – no valid comparison [4]

The big message must be the opinion of cartoonists – critical of Versailles

Level 5 Compares valid sub-messages [5–6]

Level 6 Compares big messages – compares the points of view of cartoonists. [7–8]

© Cambridge International Examinations 2014

 Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2014 0416 23

3 Study Source E. What is the message of this cartoon? Explain your answer using details
of the sources and your knowledge. [8]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Misinterpretations [1–2]

Level 2 Surface description of the cartoon [3]

Level 3 Explains valid sub-message [4–5]

Level 4 Explains big-message of source [6–7]

Must be about Czechoslovakia and Britain

Level 5 Understands cartoonist is criticising Britain’s policy in relation to Czechoslovakia. [8]

4 Study Source F. Are you surprised by this source? Explain your answer using details of
the source and your knowledge. [8]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Writes about source but fails to address the question [1]

Level 2 Not surprised/surprised because of provenance [2]

Or Identifies what they are surprised/not surprised by but no explanation

Level 3 Surprised/not surprised because of everyday empathy [3]

Level 4 Finds aspects of source and explains why surprised or not surprised using cross-
reference or knowledge [4–5]

Level 5 Contextual knowledge to explain surprised – must be based on Hitler taking over Austria
e.g. surprised because he is lying [6]

Level 6 Contextual knowledge to explain not surprised – must be based on Hitler taking over
Austria. [7–8]

© Cambridge International Examinations 2014

 Page 7 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2014 0416 23

5 Study Sources G and H. How far would Lloyd George have agreed with the cartoonist of
Source H? Explain your answer using details of the sources and your knowledge. [7]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 Surface comparisons [1]

Level 2 Answers based on use of undeveloped provenance [2]

Level 3 He would agree because both sources say that there will be trouble/war [3–4]

Level 4 He would disagree because in G Versailles is the problem, while in H it is the

leaders/events of 1919–36 [5–6]

Level 5 Both Level 3 and Level 4 [7]

Allow answers based on candidates’ own knowledge of Lloyd George rather than using
G.

6 Study all the sources. How far do these sources provide convincing evidence that the
Second World War was caused by the Treaty of Versailles? Use the sources to explain
your answer. [12]

Level 0 No evidence submitted and response does not address the question [0]

Level 1 No valid source use [1–3]

Level 2 Uses sources to support or reject the statement [4–6]

Level 3 Uses sources to support and reject the statement [7–10]

Award up to 2 bonus marks for evaluation of sources (no more than 1 per source).

Source use must be reference to a source by letter, by provenance or by direct quote. There
must be examples from source content. There must be an explanation of how this supports/does
not support the statement.

Use Y in the margin for each source use in support of the statement and N for each source use
rejecting the statement.

YES NO

B,C,D,F,G A,D,E,F,YG,H,G

© Cambridge International Examinations 2014