Muhammad Ali

Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 2

Muhammad Ali (/ɑːˈliː/;[2] born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.

; January 17, 1942 – June


3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist. Nicknamed "the Greatest",
he is regarded as one of the most significant sports figures of the 20th century and is
often regarded as the greatest heavyweight boxer of all time. He held the Ring
magazine heavyweight title from 1964 to 1970. He was the undisputed champion
from 1974 to 1978 and the WBA and Ring heavyweight champion from 1978 to 1979.
In 1999, he was named Sportsman of the Century by Sports Illustrated and the Sports
Personality of the Century by the BBC.

Born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, he began training as an amateur boxer at age
12. At 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer
Olympics and turned professional later that year. He converted to Islam after 1961. He
won the world heavyweight championship, defeating Sonny Liston in a major upset
on February 25, 1964, at age 22. During that year, he denounced his birth name as a
"slave name" and formally changed his name to Muhammad Ali. In 1966, Ali refused
to be drafted into the military, owing to his religious beliefs and ethical opposition to
the Vietnam War, and was found guilty of draft evasion and stripped of his boxing
titles. He stayed out of prison while appealing the decision to the Supreme Court,
where his conviction was overturned in 1971. He did not fight for nearly four years
and lost a period of peak performance as an athlete. Ali's actions as a conscientious
objector to the Vietnam War made him an icon for the larger counterculture of the
1960s generation, and he was a very high-profile figure of racial pride for African
Americans during the civil rights movement and throughout his career. As a Muslim,
Ali was initially affiliated with Elijah Muhammad's Nation of Islam (NOI). He later
disavowed the NOI, adhering to Sunni Islam.

He fought in several historic boxing matches, including his highly publicized fights
with Sonny Liston, Joe Frazier (including the Fight of the Century, the biggest boxing
event up until then), the Thrilla in Manila, and his fight with George Foreman in The
Rumble in the Jungle. Ali thrived in the spotlight at a time when many boxers let their
managers do the talking, and he became renowned for his provocative and outlandish
persona. He was famous for trash-talking, often free-styled with rhyme schemes and
spoken word poetry, and has been recognized as a pioneer in hip hop. He often
predicted in which round he would knock out his opponent. As a boxer, Ali was
known for his unorthodox movement, fancy footwork, head movement, and rope-a-
dope technique, among others.

Outside boxing, Ali attained success as a spoken word artist, releasing two studio
albums: I Am the Greatest! (1963) and The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr.
Tooth Decay (1976). Both albums received Grammy Award nominations. He also
featured as an actor and writer, releasing two autobiographies. Ali retired from boxing
in 1981 and focused on religion, philanthropy, and activism. In 1984, he made public
his diagnosis of Parkinson's syndrome, which some reports attributed to boxing-
related injuries, though he and his specialist physicians disputed this. He remained an
active public figure globally, but in his later years made fewer public appearances as
his condition worsened, and he was cared for by his family.

You might also like