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Medieval

This document provides an overview of ancient mathematics during the medieval period. It discusses important mathematicians such as Fibonacci, Gerard of Cremona, and Jordanus Nemorarius and concepts like Arabic numerals, Fibonacci sequence, and Diophantine equations.

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Salvador Ortega
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7 views41 pages

Medieval

This document provides an overview of ancient mathematics during the medieval period. It discusses important mathematicians such as Fibonacci, Gerard of Cremona, and Jordanus Nemorarius and concepts like Arabic numerals, Fibonacci sequence, and Diophantine equations.

Uploaded by

Salvador Ortega
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1st Year

Ancient Mathematics in:


MEDIEVAL
PERIOD
GROUP 7
REPORTERS

Rachel Ara Joy


Lizardo Decena

Kimberly Penpeño Rosebeth Bitancor Mark Kevin Capiña


Presentation Contents

01 Introduction 05 Leonardo Pisano


Fibonacci

02 Gerard of
Cremona 06 Jordanus
Nemorarius

03 Adelard of
Bath 07 Nicole
Oresme

04 08
Master
Robert
John of
Suiseth
Palermo
INTRODUCTION
Here’s an overview about Medieval Period of Ancient Mathematics:
Seven Liberal Arts

Quadrivium Trivium
1. Arithmetic 1. Grammar
2. Music 2. Rhetoric
3. Geometry 3. Dialect
4. Astronomy
● Addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division were separate subjects, collectively
called computus, which were rarely taught.
NUMERALS
Roman Numerals

● Originated in ancient Rome


between 900 and 800 B.C.
● Any letters representing
numbers in the Roman
Numerical System
Hindu-Arabic Numerals

● Set of 10 symbols (1,2.3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0)


that represent numbers in the
decimal number system.
● Originated in India in the 6th or 7th
century and were introduced to
Europe through the writings of
Middle Eastern Mathematicians,
especially al-Khwarizmi and al-
Kindi, about the 12th century.
MATHEMATICIANS
In Medieval Period
ADELARD OF BATH
(c. 1080-1152)

● Made significant contributions to the


study of astronomy.

● Contributed to the study of optics.

● Made significant contribution to the


music theory.

● Introduced the works of Euclid to


Europe.
● Contributed to the development of Scientific Method

● Made significant contribution to the study of philosophy.

● Introduced the works of Aristotle to Europe.

● Made significant contributions to the study of “Alchemy”

● Introduced the used of “Alchemical Symbols”.


GERARD OF CREMONA
(c. 1114-1152)
● Was an Italian translator of Scientific
books from Arabic into Latin and
obtained the Arabic books in the
libraries at Toledo.
● Translated works on
astronomy,astrology,and physics in
addition to Mathematics
● Contributed to the study of Spherical
Geometry
● Introduced the concept of “Algebraic
Notation” to Europe
● Made significant contributions to the
study of optics.
● Translated the works of Avicenna and
Al-Farabi intp Latin.
● Introduced the concept of
“Algorithm”to Europe
● Translated the workers of Ptolemy into
Latin
● Made significant contributions to the
study of Mechanics
● Introduced the use of Arabic
Trigonometric tables in Europe
MASTER JOHN OF PALERMO
c. 1170-1230

- Also known as Giovanni di Palermo


- A member of the School of Translators in
Toledo, Spain
- He wrote a book called Liber de Algorismo
(Book of the Art of Arithmetic)
WHAT IS
LIBER DE
ALGORISMO
ALL ABOUT?
LEONARDO PISANO FIBONACCI
c. 1175-1250

● :An Italian mathematician,


considered to be “the most
talented Western mathematician
of the Middle Ages”.
● Studied in North Africa in
Mathematics
● Wrote many books on
Mathematics: Liber Abaci,
Practica Geometriae, Flos, and
Liber Quadratorum
.

In 1202 Fibonacci wrote a very


famous book “Liber Abaci” to describe
mathematics he learned.
Liber Abaci

Fibonacci’s Liber Abaci (the Book of Calculations)


includes some interesting concepts. He explains how to use
Zero and decimal places, how to deal with weighing coins
and converting weights, and how to divide Pisa’s money
into pieces, which involves separating the Italian Pisan
currency” the bezant” using decimals.
Fibonacci’s Rapidly-
Reproducing Rabbits Example
This is a
representation of the
classic Fibonacci
problem of
reproducing rabbits.
Fibonacci
Sequence
Fibonacci Sequence

The sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21,


34, 55, 89, 144,
233, 377, ... is called the
Fibonacci sequence and its
terms the Fibonacci numbers.
Fibonacci Formula

Finding the nth Term in a Fibonacci Sequence

Example 1:
If the 18th Fibonacci number is 2584, and the 20th Fibonacci is 6765 ,
determine 19th Fibonacci number.
The Fibonacci numbers occur in the sums of "shallow"
diagonals in Pascal's triangle
He introduced the Hindu-Arabic place valued
decimal system and the use of Arabic numerals into
Europe.He also establish the world to such wide-ranging
mathematical concepts as what is know as the Arabic
numbering system, the concept of square roots, number
sequencing, and even math word problem.

Fibonacci called this system the”the Modus


Indorum” or method of the Indias” (the Brahmi and
Hindu)
Golden Rectangle

Geometrically Fibonacci
sequence can be visualized
as a rectangle perfectly
formed by a square and
another rectanglewhich
can be repeated infinitely
inside in each section.
A golden rectangle can be broken into squares the size of
the next Fibonacci number down and below.

Fibonacci spiral –
Take a golden
rectangle, break it
down into smaller
squares based from
Fibonacci sequence
and divide each with
an arc.
Diophantine
Equation
Diophantine Equation
It is equation involving only sums, products,
and powers in which all the constants are
integers and the only solutions of interest are
integers.

FORMULA:
Diophantus is known as the father of algebra.
Roughly five centuries after Euclid’s era, he
solved hundreds of algebraic equations in his
great work Arithmetica, and was the first person
to use algebraic notation and symbolism. Today
we usually indicate the unknown quantity in
algebraic equation with the letter x.
JORDANUS NEMORARIUS
(c. 1225-1260 )

• also called JORDANUS DE


NEMORE
• German scholar who wrote
several books on arithmetic,
algebra, geometry and
astronomy.
• He was among to use letters to
replace numbers in algebraic
calculations
SIX MATHEMATICAL TREATISES

• DEMONSTRATIO DE • LIBER PHYLOTEGNI DE TRIANGULIS


ALGORISMO • DEMONSTRATIO DE PLANA SPERA
• DEMONSTRATIO DE MINUTIIS • DE NUMERIS DATIS
• DE ELEMENTIS ARITHMETICAE
ARTIS
DE NUMERIS DATIS

• first advanced • Jordanus gives result on


algebra to be written solving quadratic
in Europe equations

• methods of completing
the square
If a given number is separated into
two parts such that the product of
the parts is known, then each of the
parts can be found
JORDANUS SOLUTION
NICOLE ORESME
(c. 1320-1382)

* He was a French mathematician who invented


coordinate geometry long before Descartes.

▪He was the first to use a fractional exponent and


also worked on infinite series.

▪was the first to prove Merton's theorem, namely


that the distance travelled in a fixed time by a body
moving under uniform acceleration is the same as if
the body moved at a uniform speed equal to its
speed at the midpoint of the time period.

▪He rejected Aristotle's definition of time


ROBERT SUISETH
(SWINESHEAD)
(c. 1350-1395)
If throughout the first half of a given time
interval a variation continues at a certain
intensity, throughout the next quarter of the
interval at double this intensity, throughout the
following eighth at triple the intensity and so ad
infinitum; then the average intensity for the
whole interval will be the intensity of the
variation during the second subinterval.
THANK YOU!
References
https://images.app.goo.gl/PYdb5okjEsYYYXpm7
https://images.app.goo.gl/XVjT4FKsyJVZQ27m6
https://images.app.goo.gl/FvWkWrULKdrWLvpU9
https://images.app.goo.gl/tKTNBBaoUv73RNdMA

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