Unit 4 : Web Applications and Security

Fill in the blanks

1. The option in Microsoft Windows XP used for helping users with physical disabilities and
to reduce repetitive strain is Sticky Keys.
2. Sound Sentry is designed to help users with auditory impairments.
3. The High Contrast option in Microsoft Windows XP is designed to assist people
with Vision impairments.
4. Serial Keys is designed to assist people that have difficulty using a keyboard or a mouse.
5. The acronym for LAN is Local Area Network.
6. Three types of Wired Internet Connectivity are Dial up , DSL & Cable Internet Access.

7. Instant Messaging is a form of communication over the Internet that offers an

instantaneous transmission of text-based messages from sender to receiver.
8. Microphone , Headsets & Speakers & Web Camera are required for audio and video
conferencing.
9. An organization can face some Health Hazards that could put the lives of the employees
in danger.
10. Hazards can be of different types depending on the Industry and the Environment in
which the employees work.
11. Organization must have a designated assembly point for emergencies
Questions and Answers
Q1. Define networking?

Ans. A computer network is a collection of computers and other hardware components

interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and
information.
Q2. Give any three advantages of networking.

Ans. Three advantages of networking are :

1. Data Sharing:
2. Files Transfer
3. Hardware Sharing
4. Internet Access Sharing
Q3. Explain the term packet with reference to data transfer.

Ans. Data transfer over the network is divided into small segments called packet. Each
packet is sent from one computer to another computer until it finds its destination.
Q4. Explain Wifi and its significance.

Ans. Wi-Fi stands for wireless fidelity. Wi-Fi is a popular technology that allows an
electronic device such as computers or mobile phones to exchange data wirelessly over a
network, including high speed Internet connections. WiFi devices can connect to a network
resource such as Internet through a device called the Wireless Access Point (WAP).Wi-Fi is
used where cables cannot be run (such as old buildings, outdoor areas) to provide network
and Internet access. WiFi can also be used where users require mobile connectivity. WiFi
connectivity is used in homes, offices, shopping malls, coffee shops etc.

Q5. Compare LAN with WAN.

Ans.
LAN WAN

It Stands for Local Area Network It Stands for Wide Area Network

It covers a small geographical area. It spreads across countries.

Ex: School building network Ex: Internet

Q6. Expand the Following terms :

a. DSL : Digital Subscriber Line

b. ISP : Internet Service Provider
c. Modem : Modulator and Demodulator
d. WWW : World Wide Web
e. LAN : Local Area Network
f. MAN : Metropolitan Area Network
g. WAN : Wide Area Network
h. P2P : Peer to Peer
Q7. Explain P2P Architecture and how it is different from Client Server Architecture?

Ans. Networks in which all computers have an equal status are called peer to peer
networks. Generally in such a network each terminal has an equally competent CPU.
Networks in which certain computers have special dedicated tasks, providing services to
other computers (in the network) are called client server networks. The computer(s) which
provide services are called servers and the ones that use these services are called clients.
Q8. List any five application based instant messaging software.

Ans. Five application based instant messaging software are :

• Google Talk
• Yahoo! Messenger
 • Skype
• Windows Live Messenger
• Rediff Bol
Q9. What do you mean by instant messages?

Ans. Instant messaging (IM) is a form of communication over the Internet that offers an
instantaneous transmission of text-based messages from sender to receiver.
Q10. Give any three key features of Instant Messaging.

Ans. Three key features of Instant Messaging are :

1. Text Messages can be sent to one or more person
2. Audio calling and conferencing.
3. Video calling and conferencing.
Q11. State any 03 rules and etiquettes to be followed while chatting on the Internet.

Ans. Three rules and etiquettes to be followed while chatting on the Internet are :
1. Messages should be short and to the point.
2. Always introduce yourself by name if your screen name doesn’t reflect it.
3. Always ask if the other person has time to chat first.
Q12. What are the basic needs to use instant messaging (chat) software.

Ans. The basic needs to use instant messaging (chat) software are :
1. A valid instant messaging account.
2. An active internet Connection.
3. A computer and a browser
Q13. What is a blog? Explain its use.

Ans. A blog is a discussion style site used by non-technical (or technical users) users for
creating personal web pages. Blogs are similar to an online personal diary and simple to
use.
We can use a blog to convey messages about events, announcements, news, reviews, etc.
Blogs are usually managed using a web browser and this requires active internet
connection.
Q14. List any 5 websites that provide blog service.

Ans. Five websites that provide blog service are :

1. www.WordPress.com
2. www.blogger.com
3. www.blog.com
4. www.weebly.com
5. www.blogsome.com
Q15. Difference between web page and website.

Ans. A single HTML document is called a web page. A collection of web pages connected
to each other is called web site.
Q16. What do you mean by publishing a post?

Ans. Publishing a post means to make the post public. Once we finished typing the
content, we need to publish the post for others to see. To view the post, you can type the
blog address in the address bar of the web browser.
Q17. Explain the purpose of an offline blog editor.

Ans. When ever we do not have an active internet connection, we can create blogs using a
blog application and publish the blog whenever internet connectivity is available.
Q18. List any five offline blog editors.

Ans. Five Offline blog editors are :

1. Qumana
2. Windows Live Writer
3. Blogdesk
4. MarsEdit
5. BlogJet
Q19. Explain the purpose of Online transactions.

Ans. Online transactions have made transactions very convenient and simplified the
workflow in many forms in a business. Online transactions deals with transfer of money
over the internet. Many protocols and security measures have been adopted to ensure the
safe and secure Online Transaction Process.
Q20. List any five websites that allow online transactions.

Ans. Five websites that allow online transactions are :

1. IRCTC
2. Flipkart
3. EBay
4. RedBus
5. Amazon
Q21. List any three payment tools to use online transactions.

Ans. Three payment tools to use online transactions are :

1. Credit card
2. Debit Card
3. UPI
 4. Net Banking
5. Paytm
6. PhonePe
Q22. Give any two benefits of online transactions.

Ans. Two benefits of online transactions are :

1. Money can be transferred immediately.
2. It helps to reduce black marketing to some extent.
Q23. Explain the purpose of Internet Security.

Ans. Internet security is a branch of computer security specifically related to the Internet.
Its objective is to establish rules and measures to use against attacks over the Internet.
Q24. Explain different kinds of online threats.

Ans. Different online threats are :

1 Phishing
2. Email spoofing
3. Chat spoofing
Q25. Explain the need to clear data stored in browsers.

Ans. Browsers often prompt to save usernames and passwords when users attempt to
logon to websites. Browsers can also store data such as cookies, visited websites or
webpages data, browsing history, etc. However it is not advisable to leave the web browser
store this data particularly on public or shared computers. So it is advisable to clear data
stored in browsers particularly on public or shared computers.
Q26. Explain any five tips to manage strong passwords.

Ans. Following are general guidelines for managing strong passwords :

1. Keep the length of the password at least 12-14 characters if permitted.
2. Avoid keeping passwords based on repetition, dictionary words, letter or number
sequences, usernames, relative or pet names, etc.
3. Include numbers, and symbols in passwords if allowed.
4. Use capital and lower-case letters.
5. Avoid using the same password for multiple sites or purposes.
Q27. Explain any four best practices to secure data.

Ans. Four best practices to secure data are :

1. Keeping your username and password private.
2. Use updated antivirus and antispyware software.
3. Clear browser cookies frequently.
4. Do not click on link shared by unknown users.
 5. Never install software from unknown sources.
6. Install firewalls
Q28. Explain use of Antivirus and Anti Spyware.

Ans. Antivirus and Antispyware programs offer real-time protection monitoring your
computer for any changes by malware software. Keep your Antivirus and Antispyware
software always up to date, this can help in protecting your computer from any threats.
Q29. Enlist any three basic safety rules to follow at workplace.

Ans. Basic safety rules to follow at workplace –

1. Fire safety
2. Falls and slips
3. Electrical safety.
Q30. Give any two basic safety rules for ensuring Falls and Slips safety.

Ans. Two basic safety rules for ensuring Falls and Slips safety are as follows :
a. Keep the moving area clean and clutter free.
b. Workplace must be proper ventilated receive light.
c. Wear non slippery footwear.
d. Floors must be clean and dry.
Q31. Give any two electrical safety rules in any organization.

Ans. Two electrical safety rules in any organization are as follows :

1. Electrical equipment used should be approved by a recognized organization.
2. Workers should be trained to handle the electric equipment safely.
Q32. Explain any two first aid rules.

Ans. Two first aid rules are :

1. Assure the injured to remain calm and not to panic.
2. Keep them warm if they are under shock.
Q33. What do you mean by occupational hazards?

Ans. An occupational hazard is the illness one may acquire due to his occupation. for
example people working in a chemical factory may get affected due to presence of certain
chemicals.
Q34. List any three types of occupational hazards.

Ans. Three types of occupational hazards are as follows :

1. Physical hazards
2. Chemical hazards
3. Biological hazards
Q35. Explain the terms accident and emergency.

Ans. Accident can be defined as an unfortunate incident that occurs unintentionally

causing hazardous result or injury or unwanted results.
Any unexpected situation that needs immediate attention and action is called emergency.
Q36. Enlist any four types of accidents.

Ans. Accidents may be of following types :

1. Accidents at workplace : Slips and fall accidents
2. Industrial disease/illness
3. Road traffic accidents
4. Clinical Accidents
5. Sports related accidents
Q37. Give any three situations of emergency that require evacuation.

Ans. Some of the types of emergencies that require evacuation are:

1. Fire
2. Explosion
3. Floods
4. Earthquake
5. Hurricane
6. Tornado
7. Toxic material release
8. Civil disturbance
9. Workplace violence
Q38. Give any two ways to handle accidents.

Ans. Accidents must be handled carefully. Two ways to handle accidents are : (Write any
two)
1. Every organization must follow SOP for accident handling.
2. Safety measures must be placed to prevent workplace accidents.
3. Immediately call the medical team for any injury.
4. Stay Alert
Q39. List any three types of hazards.

Ans. Different types of hazards are as follows : (Write any three)

Physical
Chemical
Biological
Mechanical
Q40. Give a checklist for workstations to minimize the hazards.
Ans. Checklist for Workstations : The workstation should:
1. Provide sufficient space for the user to alter position comfortably.
2. Provide adequate lighting.
3. Have windows fitted with adjustable coverings to alter the sunlight level.
4. Be spacious enough when a workstation is shared by more than one person.
Q41. Explain the term ‘Evacuation Policy’.

Ans. Evacuation Policy means a plan to evacuate a place in case of any emergency or
disaster. Evacuation is the process of emptying a place in case of an emergency, disaster.
Every organization must have an evacuation policy.
Q42. Explain Buddy System to implement evacuation efficiently in case of emergency.

Ans. This system ensures that differently-abled are assisted and guided out of the premises
or the impacted area properly. If you are a buddy to someone, ensure that your buddy is
safe at the assembly point with you in case of any emergency.
Q43. Explain the terms Floor Plans and Assembly /areas.

Ans. Floor Plans means to show evacuation routes in work area. It is the responsibility of all
employees or workers to understand these plans so that they can use in case of any
emergency.
Assembly areas : A space where all employees or workers are required to assemble after
evacuation.
Q44. Describe the importance of periodic evacuation drills.

Ans. Evacuation drills are very important for all employees or workers so that they know
which path they have to follow to evacuate their floor/room/office in case of any
emergency.
Q45. Explain importance of a healthy lifestyle.

Ans. Healthy Lifestyle leads to a healthy being. A healthy living has a lasting impact on an
individual at home as well as at work place. A happy and healthy worker will always
perform best to his ability.
Q46. Give any four points of a healthy lifestyle.

Ans. Healthy lifestyle includes : (Write any four)

1 Healthy eating habits
2. Physical activities
3. Stress management
4. Healthy mind
5. Sound sleep
6. Goal setting