Key to

My
Semester
Book - 4B

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 English
11. Three wise old women
1. (a) very cold (b) third (c) the bear
2. (a) winter (b) basket (c) cried
(d) bear (e) ladder
3. (a) The first woman carried a basket to hold some berries,
the second woman carried a ladder to climb for
cherries and the third one carried a fan to keep off
the sun.
(b) One woman told in fright that they might meet a bear
that night.
(c) One woman suggested that they would climb a tree.
(d) There wasn’t any tree for miles around.
They were frightened to stay on the ground.
(e) The wind blew their ladder right out to sea.
(f) They put up their fan instead of a sail.
4. (a) verb, noun (b) verb, noun (c) noun, verb
(d) noun, verb (e) noun, verb (f) verb, noun
(g) noun, verb
5. (a) a, the (b) a, the, a (c) an, the
(d) an, the (e) the
6. rearrange, resail, replay, refill, remix
7. (a) fan, far, fast, find, forget, fright
(b) then, there, third, three, tonight, tree
(c) walk, wave, weather, winter, wise, women

12. robin runs away to the wood

1. (a) lived (b) declared (c) shoot
(d) going (e) fast
2. (a) One who is punished and doesn’t get the protection
of law is called an outlaw.
(b) Rich man and Sheriff hated Robin Hood.
(c) The Sheriff declared a big prize to find out the best
shooter.
2 My Semester Book - 4B
 (d) King’s men were eating and drinking under an oak
tree in the Sherwood Forest.
(e) Robin killed a deer and won the bet in the Sherwood Forest.
(f) The man said to get out of the place if he did not
want to be caught.
(g) The man shot an arrow at Robin.
3. (a) Robin, uncle
(b) Uncle, Robin
(c) First woodsman, Robin
(d) Robin, King’s men
4. Comparative Superlative Comparative Superlative
stronger strongest poorer poorest
older oldest greater greatest
faster fastest younger youngest
5. (a) A drop of water.
(b) A bottle of milk.
(c) A piece of cloth.
(d) A sheet of paper.
(e) A packet of biscuits.
6. (a) Robin
(b) He is going to try to prove himself as the best shooter.
(c) No, he didn’t finally come to try.
7. (a) study (b) drives
(c) play (d) entertain

13. Robin hood comes for the shooting match

1. (a) loved (b) taken (c) spread
(d) arrow (e) enjoying
2. (a) The Sheriff sent his men again and again to the
Sherwood Forest to find Robin Hood.
(b) The King asked the Sheriff to see that the laws were
obeyed, otherwise he would get another Sheriff.
(c) The Sheriff decided to have a shooting match to catch
Robin.
(d) The Sheriff and his men couldn’t identify Robin Hood
because he wore a red dress and the colour of his
hair was brown.
(e) Robin hood won the shooting match.
(f) When the Sheriff and his men were enjoying the feast,
My Semester Book - 4B 3
 something flashed over his head. An arrow flying
through open window with a piece of paper wrapped
around it struck the wall.
3. (a) has done (b) have written
(c) have made (d) have spoiled
(e) has gone
4. (b) Have I written a letter to him ?
(c) Have you made a mistake ?
(d) Have the children spoiled their clothes ?
(e) Has it gone out of order ?
5. (a) had rained (b) had, come
(c) had gone (d) had played
6. (a) Had it rained all day on Sunday ?
(b) Had the boys not come to school that day ?
(c) Had the children gone on a picnic ?
(d) Had I played well ?
7. (a) to (b) on (c) on
(d) at (e) by (f) of
(g) of
8. (a) Robin’s companion
(b) Robin Hood is ‘you’ in the extract.
(c) Robin Hood was the wisest character in the story
because he went for the match in disguise.
9. Robin Hood robbed the rich people. He was the best
shooter in the Sherwood Forest. He won the Golden
Arrow in the shooting match. Robin Hood always
helped the poor people. Poor people loved him very
much.

14. the day is past

1. (a) night time (b) dew (c) in their nests
(d) not afraid of the night (e) lain down to sleep
2. (a) grass (b) fly (c) birds
(d) guard (e) rules
3. (a) The poet is not afraid of the dark because there is
God who will guard him.
(b) God will guard the poet through the night.
(c) God will stay with the poet.
4 My Semester Book - 4B
 (d) Thomas Miller is the poor child in the poem.
(e) God is with us and loves us all.
4. disagree unpleasant disqualify unmake
disrespect unhappy disunite untie
5. (a) sets (b) short (c) then (d) day (e) open
6. (a) old (b) beautiful (c) wooden
(d) sweet (e) black (f) cold
7. (a) Can (b) Can
(c) can, cannot (d) can, cannot
8. (a) Where do you live ?
(b) Who is your brother ?
(c) How do you go to school ?
(d) When does your school close ?
(e) What do you like to play the most ?
(f) Whom do you love the most ?
9. cheat, meat, stops, weeps, shallow
Activity :
It is a wonderful experience to see the sky when it is lit.
The moon and stars together make a beautiful sight. A
feeling of tranquillity spreads all around which fills our
hearts with solace.

15. shakuntala - I
1. (a) 7 (b) 3 (c) 3
(d) 3 (e) 7
2. (a) lying (b) wanted (c) began
(d) decided (e) marry
3. (a) Kanva found the baby girl on the river bank.
(b) The sage called the girl Shakuntala because she was
looked after by the Shakunt birds.
(c) Indra sent Menaka to earth to disturb the meditation
of Vishwamitra.
(d) Menaka left the baby by the side of river Malini before
flying to heaven.
(e) Shakuntala was unwilling to marry without the consent
of Kanva, her foster father.
(f) Dushyanta gave a ring, which had his name over it.
(g) Dushyanta promised Shakuntala that he would be
back soon to take her along.
4. (a) A pack of vultures was sitting around child.
My Semester Book - 4B 5
 (b) He was fascinated by her beauty and married her.
(c) Shakuntala helped Gautami in her daily work.
(d) Shakuntala invited the guest to the ashram.
(e) After a few days the King returned to the palace.
5. looking - glass walking - stick stepping - stone
blotting - paper washing - powder
6. elephants - trumpet monkeys - chatter
lambs - bleat camels - grunt
cows - moo horses - neigh
7. What’s the time by your watch ?
Just wait and watch what I can do.
Please switch on the light.
My bag is very light in weight.
8. horse - stable bird - nest dog - kennel
lion - den snake - hole monkey - tree
pig - sty cow - shed bee - hive
hen - coop spider - web
9. Elephant Telephone
10.(a) Two women are talking to each other.
(b) Washerman is washing the clothes.
(c) A boy is flying a kite.
(d) Ducks are in the pond.

16. shakuntala - II
1. (a) realised (b) hear (c) marriage
(d) tried (e) picked (f) return
2. (a) She become quiet and thoughtful and spent hours in
thoughts.
(b) Sage Durvasa was greatly annoyed because Shakuntala
did not see the sage as she was lost in her thoughts.
(c) She lost her ring while she was bathing in the river.
(d) The soldiers caught the fisherman because he was
trying to sell the ring.
(e) Dushyanta remembered everything when he saw the ring.
(f) He was a handsome and brave boy. He was playing
with a lion cub.
(g) The voice from heaven said, “Take your faithful wife
and son with you.”
3. (a) You must visit Taj Mahal in Agra.
(b) I forget your name.
6 My Semester Book - 4B
 (c) I remember we met on Sunday.
(d) Please give me leave for two days.
(e) You are always welcome to come to my house.
4. (a) any (b) some (c) any
(d) some (e) any
5. (a) looks after (b) take out
(c) take away (d) give up
6. realise anger
remember marriage
decide palace
servant present
soldier fisherman
7. cage, purse, lack, sing, tear
8. 1. What did he find there ?
2. When did they go there ?
3. Where did you go yesterday ?
4. How did he reach there ?

17. brother and sister

1. (a) weary (b) sister (c) ran
(d) Irish (e) cook
2. (a) The brother said to his sister to go and rest your
weary head.
(b) The sister said in reply whether he wanted a battered
head, or scratches to his face.
(c) The brother said in anger not to raise his wrath.
(d) The brother asked the cook to lend him a frying-pan to
cook an Irish stew.
(e) The cook said no to the frying-pan as he knew that
the brother is going to make stew of his sister.
3. (b) paper and pencil (c) gold and silver
(d) man and woman (e) sun and moon
(f) shirt and pants
4. live see free
die arrive think
5. (a) friend (b) chair (c) blanket
(d) desk (e) monkey (f) wood

18. madhur writes a letter

1. (a) Madhur was happy because of his best friend Martin’s
birthday.
My Semester Book - 4B 7
 (b) It was Martin’s birthday.
(c) They played games, ate sweets and icecreams.
(d) Madhur wrote a letter to his uncle.
(e) Madhur lives in Bangalore.
2. (a) and (b) but (c) if
(d) or (e) till (f) so
3. (a) and (b) but (c) if
(d) or (e) till (f) so
(g) because
4. postman typist
salesman doctor
nurse farmer
teacher cobbler
5. wrote, made, came, took, won, given, waiting
6. 132, Nehru Park
New Road
July 18
Dear Pranav
Hi, how are are ? Hope you are fine. I am also fine.
If you remember my birthday, it is coming on next
Tuesday. I am writing this letter to invite you. Please
bring Tina, uncle and aunt. Pay my regards to uncle
and aunt and love to Dipti.
Your friend
Ritu

19. gulliver in the land of little men

1. (a) 7 (b) 3 (c) 3
(d) 7 (e) 3
2. (a) managed (b) bows, arrows
(c) understood (d) food, wine
(e) learning
3. (a) The ship struck a rock and broke into pieces.
(b) Gulliver found that he was unable to move his legs
and arms as they were tied with leather strips.
(c) The little men ran back in fear because Gulliver broke
hundreds of tiny cords.
(d) The little men gave lots of mutton, loaves of bread
and barrels of wine.
(e) They made a long carriage with hundreds of wheels.
8 My Semester Book - 4B
 Nine hundred of the strongest men of the island
lifted Gulliver on to this carriage. Fifteen hundred
of the King’s horses pulled the carriage. After two
days they managed to bring the sleeping Gulliver to
the King’s city.
(f) The Chief Minister said to the King that they must
get rid of this Man-mountain or else he would eat
up all their food.
(g) He found an old boat lying on the seashore. He repaired
it and fitted a sail to it. When the weather was fine.
he sailed off into the sea. The crew of a passing ship
picked him up and took him back to England.
4. (a) I love to travel by train.
(b) We should save the life of others.
(c) Little man’s arrow was very small.
(d) Gulliver was very hungry.
(e) My father gave me a surprise gift.
5. 1. Gulliver’s ship broke into pieces.
2. He managed to reach an island.
3. Gulliver soon fell into a deep sleep.
4. When he woke up he found that he was unable to
move his legs and arms.
5. Gulliver was feeling hungry as he had not eaten for
many hours.
6. The little men gave Gulliver food and wine.
7. After two days, they managed to bring sleeping Gulliver
to the King’s city.
8. Later, when the weather was fine, Gulliver sailed off
into the sea.
6. Birds fly (fly) . Fish swims (swim). A man does (do)
not have wings, but he can fly in a plane. He does
(do) not have fins like a fish, but he can explore the
ocean depths in machines. Only man can change the
world around him to meet his needs. He is the only
living thing on earth that has a human brain.
Once people laughed (laugh) when men dreamed
(dream) of flying or sending a rocket to the moon.
Today many planes fly (fly) in the air. Rockets zoom
into space. How did this happen ? Somebody asked
(ask) a question. Somebody found (find) an answer.
My Semester Book - 4B 9
 7. travel piece
manage leather
arrow hundred
number hungry
basket ladder
8. (a) quite (b) aloud (c) very
(d) see, ate (e) made
9. song, feather, their, test, sand
10. 1. The reporters have made the report.
2. The policemen haven’t reached the place.
3. The inspector hasn’t written anything.
4. The inspector has made the report.
11. 1. bow 2. ship 3. king
4. boat 5. arrow 6. queen
7. basket 8. stairs

20. all things bright and beautiful

1. (a) great (b) tiny (c) mountain
(d) trees (e) eyes, lips
2. (a) The Lord God made all the things.
(b) The birds have tiny wings with glowing colours.
(c) Summer and winter seasons have been described in
the poem.
(d) He gave us eyes to see and lips to tell.
(e) God is great because He is the creator of all.
3. (a) Your skin is as soft as feather.
(b) His dress is as white as snow.
(c) The water is as cold as ice.
(d) Her lips are as red as rose.
(e) Her hair is as black as coal.
4. tiny - small glow - shine gather - collect
see - watch tell - say thing - object
end - finish strong - powerful
5. freedom thought
proof song
knowledge gathering
6. greatness, depth, purity, safety, truth
7. sea - shore snow - fall
river - bank mountain - range
hill - side
10 My Semester Book - 4B
 summative Assessment - 2
1. (a) Dad was at work while Molly, Sam, and Mom were
getting ready for the party.
(b) Sam puts up the decorations.
(c) Molly went to the store to buy balloons and birthday
candles.
(d) Uncel Mel, Aunt Joanna, and their cousins, Noah and
Kayla came to the party.
(e) The family made the mistake by celebrating dad’s
birthday two months earlier.
4. (a) Two women are talking to each other.
(b) Washerman is washing the clothes.
(c) A boy is flying a kite.
(d) Ducks are in the pond.
5. (a) to (b) by (c) of
6. (a) Was the lion roaring loudly in the forest ?
(b) Has he done his homework ?
(c) What do you like to play the most ?
7. beauty, greatness, truth, depth, safety, purity
8. (a) till (b) but
9. (a) noun, verb
(b) noun, verb
10.(a) c 2. d 3. a 4. b
11.(a) sets (b) then (c) day
12.(a) any (b) any (c) some
13.(a) a, the (b) an, the (c) an, the
14. realise anger
palace marriage
fisherman servant
15.(a) true (b) true (c) false
(d) false (e) true
16.(a) wanted (b) enjoying
(c) weary (d) great

My Semester Book - 4B 11
 17.(a) One woman suggested that they would climb a tree.
(b) The Sheriff and his men couldn’t identify Robin Hood
because he wore a red dress and the colour of his
hair was brown.
(c) They made a long carriage with hundreds of wheels.
Nine hundred of the strongest men of the island
lifted Gulliver on to this carriage. Fifteen hundred
of the King’s horses pulled the carriage. After two
days they managed to bring the sleeping Gulliver to
the King’s city.
(d) He was a handsome and brave boy. He was playing
with a lion cub.

12 My Semester Book - 4B
 Mathematics
UNIT 11
Page No. 60
1. 3 sets
Page No. 61
2. 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
3. 1. false 2. true 3. true
4. false 5. true 6. false
4. 1. 2, 4, 6, 9, 12,1 8, 36 2. 3, 5, 9, 15, 45
3. 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 4. 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72
5. 2, 4, 8, 11, 44, 88 6. 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 32, 48, 96
5. 24 6. 1. 22 2. 30
7. 2. 18, 1; 2, 9; 3, 6 3. 12, 1; 2, 6; 3, 4
4. 14, 1; 2, 7 5. 16, 1; 2, 8; 4, 4
6. 15, 1; 3, 5
Puzzle
2, 3, 6, 1, 24, 12, 8
2, 5, 20, 10, 1, 4
3, 5, 1, 15
2, 7, 1, 14
9 and 16
Page No. 62
1. 1. 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 2. 11, 22, 33, 44, 55
3. 16, 32, 48, 64, 80 4. 21, 42, 63, 84, 105
5. 25, 50, 75, 100, 125
2. 25 3. 37
Page No. 64
1. 1. prime 2. composite 3. composite 4. prime 5. prime
6. composite 7. composite 8. composite 9. composite
2. 1. 1 2. 2
Page No. 65
3. 3 4. 4 5. 2, 3 6. (3, 4) (11, 13) (17, 19)
7. (2, 3) (2, 5) 8. (2, 7) (5, 7)
9. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47
10. 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15,1 6, 18, 20, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30,
32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49
3. 1. 2 2. 1 3. 2 4. 1 5. 2
My Semester Book - 4B 13
Page No. 66
1. 1. 10, 2, 5 2. 18, 2, 9, 3, 3
3. 24, 2, 12, 2, 6, 2, 2, 3
2. 1. 3×3×5 2. 2×2×2×3×3 3. 2×5×7
4. 3×31 5. 3×3×7 6. 5×17 7. 7×7
8. 2×2×2×3×5 9. 3×3×3×5
10. 2×2×3×3×3 11. 2×2×3×13
12. 2×2×2×13 13. 2×2×2×2×3×3
14. 2×2×3×11 15. 2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2
Page No. 67
1. 1. 1, 2, 3, 6 2. 1, 3, 5 3. 1, 2, 11
1, 3, 5 1, 3, 7 1, 3, 11
1, 3 1, 3 1, 11
4. 1, 2, 13 5. 1, 2, 13 6. 1, 2, 7
1, 3, 13 1, 5, 13 1, 2, 3, 4
1, 13 1, 13 1, 2
2. 1. 1, 3, 9 2. 1, 7 3. 1, 7
4. 1, 3 5. 1, 3 6. 1, 3, 5
Page No. 68
1. 1. 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22
6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33
6, 12, 18
2. 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44
10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55
20, 40, 60
2. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30
4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28
3. 1. 10, 20 2. 24, 48 3. 18, 36
4. 30, 60 5. 10, 20 6. 8, 16
Page No. 69 Worksheet
1. 1. 4, 8, 16, 24, 36 2. 4, 10, 20
3. 2, 9, 29 4. 2, 4, 8, 24 5. 24, 36, 42
Puzzles
12, 10, 12, 22

14 My Semester Book - 4B
 UNIT 12
Page No. 71
1 3 1 1 1 2
1. 1. 4, , 2. 3, , 3. 10, ,
4 4 3 3 10 5
1 3 1 4 1 1
4. 7, , 5. 9, , 6. 12, ,
7 7 9 9 12 3
Page No. 72
3
3.
7
4. 1. two thirds 2. three fifths
3. seven ninths 4. one sixths
5. three fourths 6. two tenths
3 5 9 8
5. 1. 2. 3. 4.
5 10 11 17
13 12
5. 6.
19 17
5 7 4 6
6. 1. 2. 3. 4.
8 19 10 12
3 3 3
7. 1. 2. 3.
10 4 7
Page No. 73
1 2 3 1 2 3
1. 1. = = 2. = =
3 6 9 4 8 12
2. 1. 2 2. 2 3. 3 4. 6
5. 1 6. 2

Page No. 75
1 2 2 4 3 6
1. 1. = 2. = 3. =
4 8 5 10 5 10
2 3 4 5
2. , , ,
8 12 16 20
3. 1. = 2. =
2 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6
4. 1. = = = = 2. = = = =
4 6 8 10 12 6 9 12 15 18
4 6 8 10 12 6 9 12 15 18
3. = = = = 4. = = = =
10 15 20 25 30 8 12 16 20 24
1 2 3 1 4 2
5. 1. , 2. , 3. ,
2 4 9 3 6 3
6. 1. 2 2. 15 3. 3 4. 24
5. 8 6. 44 7. 9 8. 35
My Semester Book - 4B 15
7. 1. 2, 9, 4, 15 2. 8, 6, 16, 10
3. 6, 9, 12,1 5 4. 8, 12, 16, 20

Page No. 76
2 2
1. 1. 2.
3 7
Page No. 78
3 6 8 2
1. 1. 2. 3. 4.
4 7 10 5
5 2
5. 6.
9 3
3 3 7 3
2. 1. 2. 3. 4.
5 6 10 11
6 4
5. 6.
8 6
1 3 4 5 1 3 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 7 9 12
3. 1. , , , 2. , , , 3. , , , 4. , , ,
6 6 6 6 8 8 8 8 4 4 4 4 13 13 13 13
Page No. 79
4 3 2 1 7 5 2 1
4. 1. , , , 2. , , ,
5 5 5 5 7 7 7 7
7 4 3 1 9 7 5 3
3. , , , 4. , , ,
10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9
5. 1. smaller 2. smaller 3. greater 4. greater 5. smaller
6. smaller 7. greater 8. greater 9. smaller 10. smaller
6. 1. between 2. greater 3. smaller

Page No. 80
3 2 4 8 9 5
1. 1. , , 2. , ,
5 5 5 11 11 11
9 11 4 6 9 5
3. , , 4. , ,
13 13 13 12 12 12
3 8 1 3 6 11
2. 1. , , 2. , ,
21 17 16 10 14 18
2 6 21 9 4 15 4
3. , , , 4. , ,
7 18 28 19 6 18 20
Page No. 82
3 + 2 5 4 + 5 9
1. 1. = 2. =
7 7 11 11
2 + 1 3 2 + 3 + 4 9
3. = 4. =
5 5 11 11
4 + 6 + 7 17
5. =
17 19
16 My Semester Book - 4B
 7 6 9 16
2. 1. 1 2. 3. 4. 5.
9 11 10 18
11 15 11 9
6. 7. 8. 9.
13 16 15 14
5 5 1 3 3
3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6 7 4 5 10
Brain Tuner
1 3 2 5
1. 2. 3. 4.
2 4 3 6
Page No. 83
5 6 11
1. + =
15 15 15
9 13
2. 1. 2.
13 14
Page No. 84
4 9 – 4 5
1. 1. 2. =
12 16 16
3 7 – 5 2
3. 4. =
9 15 15
1 4 3 5 2
2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
5 12 9 9 7
5 6 7 5
6. 7. 8. 9.
17 19 15 16
Page No. 85
1 2 3 4 6
1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
2 3 4 5 7
8 5 9 1 4
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
9 6 10 3 7
5 7
11. 12.
9 13
1 2
2. 1. Friend ate of cake more 2.
3 5
1
3. Tom read more by pages 4. elder son
6
Page No. 86
7 4 7 2
1. 1. 2. 3. 4.
11 7 12 14
Page No. 88
6 5 10 7 17 13 8 13 10 20 42
1. , , , , , 2. , , , ,
9 15 15 8 19 16 4 5 2 11 7
2 3 1 1 1 3
3. 1 , 2 , 6 , 3 , 5 Brain Tuner 2
4 4 3 3 2 6
My Semester Book - 4B 17
Page No. 89
1 2 3 1 5
1. 1. 1 2. 1 3. 1 4. 3 5. 1
3 3 7 4 7
1 5 9 2 3
6. 2 7. 1 8. 1 9. 4 10. 3
5 9 10 3 5
1 7
11. 3 12. 4
2 8
3 4 6 10 7
2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
2 3 5 7 3
13 50 11 23 21
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
4 7 4 5 4
53 43
11. 12.
10 4
Page No. 90
1 × 4 4 2 × 3 6 4 × 3 12
1. 1. = 2. = 3. =
3 3 7 7 16 16
2 × 7 14 2 × 2 4 3 × 5 15
4. = 5. = 6. =
15 15 7 7 18 18
3 × 6 18 3 × 3 9
7. = 8. =
20 20 11 11
Page No. 91
4 16 20 20 15
1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
3 8 3 9 7
45 21 40 160
6. 7. 8. 9.
5 8 5 9
2. 1. 20p 2. 10p 3. 1p
3. 1. Rs 40 2. Rs 6 3. Rs 12

Page No. 92
3 9 2 12
1. 2. × 3 = 3. × 6 =
12 12 14 14
4 8
4. × 2 =
16 16
Page No. 94 MCQ - VII
3 2 3 4 4 1
1. + 2. 3. 4. 5.
7 7 5 12 9 5
3 1 9 4
6. 3 7. 8. 9. 10. 2
9 5 8 7
UNIT 13
Page No. 97
1. 1. 0.3 2. 0.7 3. 0.08 4. 0.72
5. 2.9 6. 1.25
18 My Semester Book - 4B
 4 8 5 26
2. 1. ; 0.4 2. ; 0.8 3. 1 ; 1.5 4. ; 0.26
10 10 10 100
44
5. ; 0.44
100
3. 1. zero point five 2. three point six
3. seventy four point two 4. zero point zero four
5. seven point one five 6. twenty six point zero four
4. 1. 0.9 2. 6.7 3. 89.9 4. 0.55
5. 2.75 6. 21.92
Page No. 98
1. 1. .4 2. 116.86 3. 46.66 4. 98.79
2. 1. 152.0cm 2. 16.6kg 3. 354.75
Page No. 99
1. 1. .3 2. .23 3. 22.2 4. 36.43
2. 1. 1.5m 2. 15.25 3. 211.50
UNIT 14
Page No. 101
1. 2 2. 10 3. 20 4. 50
5. 100 6. 200 7. 500 8. 1000
5, 10, 20, 40
Page No. 103
1. 1. 600 2. 1200 3. 5234 4. 709
5. 3920 6. 14381
2. 1. Rs 4.51 2. Rs 6.03 3. Rs 6.03 4. Rs 13
5. Rs 74.32 6. Rs 17.40
3. 1. 3, 4, 1, 1, 1 2. 4, 1, 2, 1, 1
3. 4, 1, 1, 2, 3
Page No. 104
1. 1. 378.77 2. 4615.50 3. 148.60 4. 4108.50
2. 1. 294.50 2. 90.25 3. 146.40 4. 80.25
Page No. 105
1. 1. 195 2. 411.75 3. 315.25 4. 847.5
2. 1. 4.5 2. 8.92 3. 7.23 4. 8.92
3. 1. 1016 2. 1800 3. 105 4. 29
Page No. 107
1. Rs 230 2. Rs 60
Page No. 108 MCQ - VIII
1. 100 2. Rs 13145 3. 5 × 95 + 80 4. Rs 240
5. Rs 62.16 6. 2530p 7. 108 ÷ 12 8. Rs 200
9. Rs 80 10. 1270
My Semester Book - 4B 19
 UNIT 15
Page No. 110
1. 1. 1000 2. 100 3. 10 4. 1000 5. 10
6. 100 7. 10 8. 1000 9. 100000 10. 1000000
2. 1. cm 2. m 3. km 4. mm
Page No. 111
1. 1. 7135 2. 6025 3. 2600 4. 9250 5. 5300 6. 3505
2. 1. 597 2. 701 3. 485 4. 936 5. 210 6. 333
3. 1. 9856m 2. 2082m 3. 7145m 4. 4301m
Page No. 112
1. 1. 3km 250m 2. 6km145m
3. 8m 209mm 4. 4m 731mm
5. 72m 97cm 6. 296m 1dm
2. 1. 6m 2dm 3cm 2. 8m 2dm 7cm
3. 7m 4dm 5cm 4. 6km 5hm 4dam 3m
5. 9km 2hm 5dam 6m 6. 3km 7hm 4dam 2m
Page No. 113
3. 1. 46m 65cm 2. 25m 35cm 3. 40m 4. 9km 12m
Page No. 114
1. 1. 12m 2. 8m 3. 20m 4. 2m
Page No. 116
1. 1. 1000 2. 5400 3. 6350 4. 7000
5. 7050 6. 10275
2. 1. 5kg 0g 2. 6kg 25g 3. 9kg 0g 4. 8kg 175g
5. 2kg 500g 6. 6kg 727g 7. 9kg 5g 8. 4kg 600g
9. 15kg 475g 10. 18kg 375g
Page No. 117
1. 1. 2574g 2. 9086g 3. 5403g 4. 3015g
2. 1. 658cg 2. 587cg 3. 895cg 4. 215cg
3. 1. 4g 7dg 5cg 2. 7kg 4hg 2 dag 6g 3. 4g 6dg 7cg
4. 3kg 4hg 3 dag 2g 5. 2g 9dg 6cg 6. 9kg 0hg 7dag 5g
7. 5g 5dg 5cg 8. 6kg 5hg 4dag 3g
4. 1. 15kg 900g 2. 57kg 500g 3. 21kg
4 3kg 750g 5. 150g
Page No. 119
1. 1. 1000 2. 2000 3. 10000 4. 12000
5. 5 6. 13
Page No. 120
1. 2. 500ml, 200ml, 50ml 3. 200ml, 50ml
4. 1l, 100ml, 50ml 5. 1l, 500ml
20 My Semester Book - 4B
2. 1. 3250ml 2. 4500ml 3. 6250ml 4. 5750ml
5. 2816ml 6. 15167ml
Page No. 121
3. 1. 6l 250ml 2. 7l 500ml 3. 8l 750ml 4. 8l 3ml
5. 6l 175ml 6. 3l 50ml
4. 1. 3l 2dl 5cl 0ml 2. 7l 7dl 5cl 0ml
3. 5kl 2hl 5dal 0l 4. 6kl 7hl 5dal 0l
5. 1. 255l 7dl 2. 22l 150ml
3. 461l 500ml 4. 5l 600ml
5. 62l 500ml 6. 6l
7. 11l 8dl 4cl
Page No. 124 MCQ - IX
1. milligram 2. 10 3. 24l 4. 75dm
5. 2kg 651g 6. 152cm 7. 14l 8. 60 bottles
9. 228kg 10. 90cm
UNIT 16
Page No. 125
1. 8 : 10 8 : 12 8 : 16
1. Jyoti’s; 2 min. 2. Divya’s; 4 min.
2. 1. quarter past twelve 2. half past three
3. quarter to eleven 4. seven o’clock
Page No. 126
3. 1. 6 : 15 2. 25min.; 5 : 25 3. 15min. to 1; 12 : 45
4. 10 min. to 8; 7 : 50
4. 1. 12 : 25 2. 5 : 45 3. 3 : 55 4. 7 : 35
5. 1. 9 : 15 p.m. 2. 11 : 00 a.m. 3. 10 : 30 p.m. 4. 7 : 45 a.m.
Page No. 127
1. 1. 18 : 00 2. 00 : 05 3. 12 : 00 4. 11 : 00 5. 02 : 00
6. 21 : 45 7. 16 : 15 8. 23 : 14 9. 10 : 20
2. 1. No 2. six hours 3. yes 4. yes
Page No. 128
1. 1. 30 min. 2. 50 min. 3. 50 min. 4. 40 min.
2. 1. 1 hr 25 min. 2. 45 min.
Page No. 129
1. 1. 7 : 55 a.m. 2. 11 : 35 a.m. 3. 8 : 55 p.m.
4. 2 hrs 20 min. 5. 1 hr 20 min.
Page No. 130
1. 1. app 2 hrs 2. app 2 hrs 30 min. 3. app 1 hr
Page No. 131
2016 2020 2024 2028 2032
My Semester Book - 4B 21
Page No. 132
1. 1. 43 days 2. 65 days 3. 15 days 4. 16 days
5. 12 months 6. 365 days
Page No. 133
1. 1. 60 years 2. 60 years 3. 40 years 4. 30 years
Page No. 134
1. 1. 214 min. 2. 315 min. 3. 385 min. 4. 512 min.
5. 465 min. 6. 130 min.
2. 1. 580 sec. 2. 377 sec. 3. 516 sec. 4. 479 sec. 5. 202sec.
6. 130 sec. 7. 15325 sec. 8. 26550 sec. 9. 33750 sec.
3. 1. 46 2. 59 3. 33 4. 55
5. 65 6. 82
Page No. 135
1. 1. 2 weeks 6 days 2. 5 weeks 6 days
3. 9 weeks 1 day 4. 5 weeks 4 days
5. 7 weeks 3 days
2. 1. 7 hrs 30 min. 2. 11 hr 20 min.
3. 14 hrs 30 min. 4. 11 hrs 50 min.
5. 16 hrs 30 min.
3. 1. 4 min. 10 sec. 2. 8 min. 3. 14 min. 30 sec.
4. 6 min. 15 sec. 5. 10 min. 40 sec.
4. 1. 26 days 2. 62 days
3. 3 weeks 1 day 2 hrs 4. 6 hrs 40 min.
Page No. 136 Worksheet
1. 40 min. 2. 10 min. 3. 1 hr 5 min. 4. 2 hrs 50 min.
5. 1 hr 30 min. 6. 2 hrs 10 min. 7. 3 hrs 8. 25 min.
Page No. 137 MCQ - X
1. a.m. 2. 9 : 50 3. 10 a.m. 4. 6 : 45
5. 2 hrs 20 min. 6. 7 : 20 a.m. 7. 1 hr 20 min. 8. 30 min. past 12
9. 7 : 20 p.m. 10. 8 hrs 15 min.

UNIT 17
Page No. 138
1. 3 + 2 + 2 + 1 + 3 = 11km 2. 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16 3. 3 + 3 + 4 = 10
Page No. 139
4. 1. 14cm 2. 12cm 3. 12 cm
5. 1. 14cm 2. 15cm 3. 198cm 4. 322m 5. 134m 6. 20km
6. Field B 7. 6km
Page No. 141
1. 1. 10 sq.cm. 2. 12 sq.cm. 3. 18 sq.cm.
2. 1. 9 sq.cm. 2. 10 sq.cm. 3. 11 sq.cm.
22 My Semester Book - 4B
 UNIT 18
Page No. 142
1. 1. 24 2. 13 3. 108 4. 592 5. 417
Page No. 143
2. 1. 50 2. 95 3. 70 4. 65 5. 60 6. 340 7. Hindi 8. English
Page No. 144
3. 1. Mango 2. Orange 3. 4 4. 5
4. Garden 1 150 Garden 2 175 Garden 3 100 Garden 4 225 Garden 5 75
1. garden 3 2. garden 4 3. 175 4. 150 5. garden 5 6. 725
Page No. 146
1. 1. cat 2. 6,4,11,7 3. 5 4. 2 5. 10
2. 1. 2002 2. 450 3. 300 4. 2005 and 2006 5. 2007 and 800
Page No. 147
3. 1. cartoon 2. 2 3. films
4. 1. Computer Sales 2. Computer sold
3. Months 4. June 5. May

summative assessment - 2
Page No. 148
1. 1. 4 2. 1000 3. 2 4. gram 5. perimeter
3 2
2. 1. + 2. 2530p 3. 152cm 4. 10 a.m.
7 7
3. 1. 1, 2, 3, 6 2. 1, 2, 7
1, 3, 5 1, 2, 3, 4
1, 3 1, 2
3 8 1 2 6 21 9
4. 1. , , 3. , , ,
21 17 16 7 18 28 19
15 7 7 160
5. 1. 2. 3. 4.
16 15 13 9
6. 1. 7 weeks 3 days 2. 14 min. 30 sec. 3. 3l 50ml
4. 9086 gram 5. 1036 cm
7. 1. 46.66 2. 36.43
9
8.
13
9. 1. 00 : 05 2. 21 : 45 3. 10 : 20
4. 16 : 15 5. 02 : 00 6. 23:14
10. 11 sq.cm. 11. 6km
12. Rs 500
13. 1. 60 2. Friday 3. Monday and Thursday 4. 340
14. 1. 2400 hrs 2. 23 pieces 3. `291 4. ` 521525
My Semester Book - 4B 23
 general science
9. Safety And First Aid
A. 1. carelessness 2. footpath 3. wet
4. tongs 5. First aid
B. 1. antiseptic bandage 2. cold water 3. calamine lotion
4. first aid 5. along the edge of the road
C. 1. F 2. T 3. F
4. F 5. T
D. 1. Most accidents take place due to our carelessness.
2. Accidents can be avoided by following basic safety rules at
home, school and on the road.
3. First aid is the immediate help given to a victim of an accident
to save his/her life.
4. A first aid box contains a variety of items that can be used
to treat minor injuries. These items commonly include :
Adhesive bandages, Cotton wool, Antiseptic solutions, Medicated
creams, Crepe bandage, A pair of scissors, Thermometer,
Soap, Sticky tape, Oral   Rehydration Solution sachets, Some
common medicines etc.
5. Safety rules we should follow in the kitchen are -
• Do not play with a fork, knife or a matchbox.
• Do not touch anything hot. Use tongs or thick cloth to hold
hot vessels.
• Do not throw vegetable and fruit peels on the floor to avoid
slipping.
• Do not work in the kitchen wearing synthetic clothes. They
catch fire easily.
• Switch off the gas stove when not in use. Keep distance from
the burning gas stove.
• Prevent falls by wiping up water or anything else spilled on
the floor.
E. 1. Wash the wound with water to clean it. Then wash it with a
cotton dipped in an antiseptic lotion.
2. Remove the sting first. Rub the area by pouring lime water
and ammonia to neutralize the bite. Apply calamine lotion.
Put an ice pack on the bitten area to prevent swelling and
pain.
24 My Semester Book - 4B
 3. For minor burns, hold the burnt part under cold water. This
helps to cool the burnt part and reduce the pain. Apply an
antiseptic cream like burnol on the affected area.
4. Make the victim lie down with the head lower than the body,
so that more blood can reach the brain. Loosen the victim’s
clothes. Sprinkle cold water on victim’s face. When the victim
gets up, let him rest for sometime quietly.

10. Our Clothes

A. 1. coir 2. durable 3. uniforms
4. detergent 5. hangers
B. 1. cotton 2. nylon 3. woollen
4. colourful 5. rayon
C. 1. nylon, rayon 2. wool, silk 3. cotton, jute
D. 1. Cotton 2. Silk 3. Wool 4. Coir

E. 1. Because cotton clothes do not absorb the heat of the sun. They
keep the body cool by allowing free flow of air.
2. Because it does not let the heat of the body go out. At the
same time, it does not let the outer cold get in.
3. Silk clothes need special care to keep the insects away.
4. Coloured clothes must be dried in shade. Direct rays of the
sun make the clothes faded.
F. 1. We wear clothes because they protect us from dust, dirt, sun
and cold.
We wear clothes for the following reasons -
* They give us appearance.
* Clothes also protect us from insect bites.
* Clothes make us feel nice and smart.
2. Natural fibres are obtained from natural sources, i.e. from
plants or animals. Cotton, jute, silk, wool are some examples
of natural fibres.
Synthetic fibres are obtained from chemical substances. Nylon,
rayon, polyester and acrylic are some synthetic fibres.
3. Synthetic fibres are stronger than natural fibres. Clothes made
from synthetic fibres are more durable and attractive.

My Semester Book - 4B 25
 4. Proper care of clothes makes it last longer. So, it is necessary
to take care of clothes.
5. We can keep our woollen and silk clothes free from insects by
keeping naphthalene balls or dried leaves of the neem inside
it. Dry-cleaning also make the clothes longer-lasting.

11. Soil
A. 1.
rocks, minerals 2. slowly 3.humus
4.
loamy soil 5. soil conservation
B. 1.
T 2. F 3. T
4.
F
C. 1.
topsoil 2. soil erosion 3. clayey
4.
bunds
D. 1.
Soil is formed by breaking up of rocks into smaller pieces.
2.
Soil is so important to us because it is the topmost layer of
the earth’s surface. It is essential for plants’ growth and all
forms of life on earth.
3. Sand is barren as it cannot hold water. Also it does not have
any food for plant.
Soil is not barren. Different plants can grow in it. Some soils
are more fertile than others.
4. The upper most layer is called topsoil. Topsoil is made up of
fine sand and humus. The layer below the topsoil is called
the subsoil. This layer is sandy and contains small stones.
Just below the subsoil is a layer of stones and rocks called
the bedrock.
Top layer is good for plants.
5. The process in which soil gets taken away from land by natural
agents such as rain, flowing river and strong wind is called
soil erosion.
6. Protecting the topsoil from being washed away is called soil
conservation.
We can conserve soil by planting more trees, making bunds
and terracing slopes.

12. Three States Of Matter

A. 1. weight, space 2. three 3. very close
4. shape 5. solvent
B. 1. molecules 2. shape of its container
3. warm temperatures 4. it turns into air
5. solute

26 My Semester Book - 4B
C. 1. solid 2. gas 3. liquid
4. solid 5. gas
D. 1. F 2. T 3. T
4. T 5. T
E. 1. The temperature at which a given solid melts is called melting.
2. The process of changing a liquid into a gas is called evaporation.
3. The process of changing a gas into liquid is called condensation.
4. The solid that dissolves in liquid is called a solute.
5. The liquid in which the solute dissolves is called the solvent.
6. The liquid which is obtained after dissolving a solute in a
solvent is called a solution.
F. 1. Matter is anything that has weight or mass and occupies space.
Its three states are solid, liquid and gas.
2. In solids, the molecules are very close to each other. They are
closely packed.
In liquids, the molecules are less closely packed. They can
move around little but not too much.
In gases, the molecules are wide apart from each other and
are loosely packed.

3. Solids - They have definite shape, occupy definite space and

definite volume. Molecules are very closely packed.
Liquids - The liquids have definite volume but no definite
shape. Molecules are less closely packed.
Gases - gases have neither fixed shape nor definite volume.
Gases have no colour. Molecules are loosely packed.
4. Liquids flows because the molecules in liquids are less closely
packed. They can move around. The liquids have definite
volume but no definite shape. That is why liquids take the
shape of the container they are poured in.
5. A solid can change into a liquid form and a liquid can change
into a gaseous form. These changes occur as the temperature
increases. Similarly a gas can be changed into a liquid and

My Semester Book - 3A 27
 a liquid can be changed into a solid. These changes occur as
the temperature decreases. Thus we can say that the three
states of matter are interchangeable.
6. Take a glass of warm water, put a teaspoon of sugar into it,
and stir it. The sugar will dissolve in water and disappear
from view. Solid sugar is solute. Water is the solvent, and
their mixture is the solution.

13. Force, Work And Energy

A. 1.
frictional 2. wedge 3. grooved
4.
Energy 5. solar
B. 1.
force 2. earth 3. lever
4.
inclined plane 5. electric energy
C. 1.
Lever, Pulley 2. Axe, Knife 3. Sun, Wind
D. 1.
Force is the agency that makes a pull or a push possible. For
example, man pushing a car, camel pulling a cart etc.
2. The two types of forces are gravity and friction.
The force with which the earth pulls the things towards itself
is called gravity. For eg. throw a ball or stone in the air, it
comes back to the earth. This is because the earth pulls all
objects towards its centre. This force is called its gravitational
force.
Friction occurs whenever two objects are in contact with each
other. For example, push a toy car or a ball or any other
object on a plane surface. It will gradually slow down and
stop after some time. A force which slows down a moving
object is called frictional force.
3. Work is said to be done when a force is applied on something
and it moves.
4. Machines make our work easier, for example lever, pulley,
wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge and screw.
5. Two types of simple machines are -
* Lever - It is the simplest machine. It is a rigid bar that can
be turned about a fixed point. It is used to lift or move heavy
weights, cut things or open the lid of a tin. Scissors, bottle
opener, hammer, see-saw are some examples of lever.
* Wedge - Wedge is like a double inclined plane. These planes
meet and form a sharp edge. This edge can cut or break
objects. For example, axe, knife, fork.
28 My Semester Book - 4B
 6. Energy is the capacity to exert force. Heat, light, electrical,
sound, mechanical, magnetic and chemical energy are the
different types of energy.
7. An electric lamp has electric energy. It changes into heat
energy and then to light energy.
8. Sun, wind, water and fuels are the main sources of energy.

14. The Solar System

A. 1. orbit 2. Venus 3. imaginary
4. 24 hours 5. 365 days, 6 hours
6. summer, winter
B. 1. Sun 2. Mercury 3. Saturn
4. craters 5. six months
C. 1. Equator 2. Jupiter 3. Constellation
4. Earth 5. Neptune 6. Aryabhatta
7. Pluto 8. Moon
D. 1. d 2. c 3. e
4. b 5. a
E. 1. Mars is called the red planet due to its reddish brown soil.
Mars resembles the earth most.
2. The last four planets are very cold because they are very far
from the sun.
3. It is due to the tilt of the earth and its revolution around the
sun.
F. 1. The solar system consists of the sun and everything that
revolves around it.
2. In order of increasing distance from the sun the eight planets
are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus
and Neptune.

My Semester Book - 4B 29
 3. A planet is a heavenly body that revolves around the sun along
a fixed path.
Stars are huge balls of glowing gases that spread heat and
light in space.
4. The moon is the natural satellite of the earth. It is the
earth’s nearest neighbour in space. It does not have light of
its own. It reflects the sun’s light. It has a hard and rocky
surface. It has big holes called craters on its surface. It has
no atmosphere.
5. As the earth rotates, different parts of it face the sun. The
part that faces the sun has day. The part that is away from
the sun has night. It completes one round of rotation about
its axis in about 24 hours. Thus rotation of the earth causes
day and night.
6. Seasons occur due to the tilt of the earth and its revolution
around the sun.

15. The Sun And The Weather

A. 1. summer 2. thunderstorm 3. snow
4. humidity 5. chlorination
B. 1. F 2. T 3. F
4. T 5. F
C. 1. Frost 2. Dew 3. Rain
4. Hail 5. Snow
D. 1. Water cycle
Rain clouds

Sun
Condensation

Precipitation

Evaporation

Lake
Soil

2. Filteration

Filter paper
Funnel

Beaker

30 My Semester Book - 4B
E. 1. Weather is the day-to-day condition of air of a particular place.
2. The middle part of the earth is hotter than other parts because
it is nearer to the sun.
3. The sun is constantly giving out heat. The middle part is hotter
than other parts throughout the year because it is nearer to
the sun. As we go away from this middle part towards the
poles, it is less and less hot. Near the two poles of the earth,
very little heat of the sun can reach. So, it is very, very cold
there. These polar areas remain mostly frozen.
4. The blanket of air that surrounds the earth is called atmosphere.
It protects us from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun.
5. The wind blows from the sea to the land by day. It is called
sea breeze.
The wind blows from the land to sea at night. It is called land
breeze.
DAY NIGHT

Hot air Hot air

Hot air Cool air Cool air

Hot air
rises up rises up

Sea breeze Land breeze

6. The process of changing water into water vapour is called

evaporation. The process of changing water vapour into water
is called condensation.
7. We can purify water by the process of sedimentation,
decantation, boiling, filtration and chlorination.
* Boiling is the best method to purify water. It kills the germs
present in it. Boiling the water for 10 minutes, kills all the
germs in it. Water that has been boiled and cooled is now
free from germs.
* Water can be purified by adding chlorine to water. Chlorination
kills germs and makes the water suitable to drink.

16. Clean And Green Earth

A. 1. Air 2. Pesticides 3. garbage, sewage
4. shelter 5. Van Mahotsav
B. 1. plastic 2. planting trees 3. deforestation
4. paper 5. paper

My Semester Book - 4B 31
C. 1. Air, water and land are the things necessary to live on the
earth.
2. Land and soil are being polluted when chemical fertilizers and
pesticides are overused by farmers.
3. Do not throw them as garbage. Give them to the junk dealer.
4. Trees are useful to us because -
• Trees help in reducing soil erosion.
• Trees breathe in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen. Oxygen
is vital to sustain life.
• Trees send out the excess water through small pores present
on the leaf surface in the form of water vapour and help in
making rain.
• Trees give us shade and provide habitat for birds and other
wildlife.
5. Cutting down of trees and not planting more trees has disturbed
the balance of nature. Due to this, our environment is no
longer green.
6. The following steps are taken by the government
• Plant more and more trees to replace the trees that are cut.
• We should not waste paper. Wasting paper means cutting more
trees.
• Only fallen down branches from the trees should be used as
fuel, instead of cutting the whole tree.
D. 1. Minimise the use of plastic. It is very harmful for us. Take a
paper or jute bag for shopping.
2. Save electricity and turn off electric light when not in use.
3. Throwing garbage in the dustbin is a great way to start living
clean. Do not litter. It pollutes the environment as well as
the soil.
summative assessment - 2
A. 1. orbit 2. pesticides 3. garbage, sewage
4. rocks, minerals 5. hangers
B. 1. plastic 2. humidity 3. six months
4. electric energy 5. first aid
C. 1. F 2. F 3. F
4. T 5. T
D. 1. The process of changing a liquid into a gas is called evaporation.
2. The force with which the earth pulls the things towards itselt
is called gravity.
3. Force is the agency that makes a pull or a push possible.
32 My Semester Book - 4B
 4. The liquid in which the solute dissolves is called the solvent.
5. The process of changing a gas into liquid is called condensation.
E. 1. Mars is called the red planet due to its reddish brown soil.
Mars resembles the earth most.
2. The last four planets are very cold because they are very far
from the sun.
3. It is due to the tilt of the earth and its revolution around the
sun.
4. Because it does not let the heat of the body go out. At the
same time, it does not let the outer cold get in.
5. Silk clothes need special care to keep the insects away.
F. 1. nylon, rayon 2. axe, knife
3. lever, pulley 4. sun, wind
G. 1. wheel and axle 2. wedge 3. screw 4. pulley
H. 1. Cutting down of trees and not planting more trees is called
deforestation. It has disturbed the balance of nature. Due to
this, our environment is no longer green.
2. As the earth rotates, different parts of it face the sun. The
part that faces the sun has day. The part that is away from
the sun has night. It completes one round of rotation about
its axis in about 24 hours. Thus rotation of the earth causes
day and night.
3. The middle part of the earth is hotter than other parts because
it is nearer to the sun.
4. A planet is a heavenly body that revolves around the sun along
a fixed path.
Stars are huge balls of glowing gases that spread heat and
light in space.
5. We can purify water by the process of sedimentation,
decantation, boiling, filtration and chlorination.
* Boiling is the best method to purify water. It kills the germs
present in it. Boiling the water for 10 minutes, kills all the
germs in it. Water that has been boiled and cooled is now
free from germs.
* Water can be purified by adding chlorine to water. Chlorination
kills germs and makes the water suitable to drink.
I. See question D-1. (Water cycle) Worksheet 15.

My Semester Book - 4B 33
 social studies
12. Our Mineral Resources
A. 1. mining 2. ores 3. largest
4. light 5. Gold
B. 1. occur naturally 2. iron
3. good conductor of heat and electricity
4. a valuable natural resource
5. it does not give our any smoke
C. 1. T 2. T 3. F
4. F 5. T
D. 1. Most of the minerals we get are found below the surface of
the earth and some minerals are also found at the bottom
of the sea.
2. Minerals from which metals can be obtained are called metallic
minerals or ores. Iron, copper, gold, silver, manganese, bauxite
are some metallic minerals.
3. Minerals from which metals cannot be obtained are called
non-metallic minerals. Mica, limestone, salt, coal, petroleum
and natural gas are non-metallic minerals.
4. Iron is used widely in the construction of houses, girders,
bridges, dams, railway engines, rails, cars, coaches, machines,
tools and many other things. A wide variety of stainless steel
is used in a large number of products including car parts,
hospital equipments, utensils, razor blades etc.
5. To run vehicles we use petroleum as a fuel. LPG and kerosene
are also used for cooking and heating.

13. Our Agriculture

A. 1. southern 2. raw material 3. milch
4. manure 5. West Bengal
B. 1. T 2. T 3. F
4. T
C. 1. it provides food for people and raw materials for industry.
2. cool and wet climate.
3. they are not looked after well.
4. warm and wet climate
5. farm animals
34 My Semester Book - 4B
D. 1. Paddy (rice), wheat, maize, millets and pulses are the main
food crops of our country.
Sugar cane, cotton, jute, oilseeds and spices are the main cash
crops of our country.
2. Rubber is very useful in the production of tyres, sports goods,
mattresses, cables, shoes, slippers etc.
3. West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Bihar,
Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh
and Kerala are the major rice producing states of our country.
4. Livestock means farm animals raised in an agricultural setting
to produce commodities such as food, fibre and labour.
5. The states of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan,
Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana are very rich
in cattle wealth.

14. Our Industries

A. 1. Industries 2. Cottage 3. Large scale
4. Agro-based 5. mineral
B. 1. agro based 2. forests 3. locomoties
4. Bengaluru 5. iron and steel
C. 1. F 2. F 3. F
4. T 5. T
D. 1. Industries are places where raw materials are converted into
finished goods that we use.
2. Cottage industries are household industries. A few people make
goods in their homes with their family members by using
simple tools and local raw materials. Pottery and textiles
are two examples of such industries.
3. Small scale industries employ some workers by using small
machines. They obtain raw materials from outside. Toys and
leather goods are two examples of such industries.
4. Large scale industries employ thousands of highly skilled
workers and use power driven heavy machinery. Raw materials
are obtained from outside and sometimes imported from
other countries. Textile mills, iron and steel industry are two
examples of such industries.
5. Agro-based industries and mineral-based industries are based
on raw materials.

15. Our Human Resources

A. 1. Humans 2. resource 3. second
4. progress
My Semester Book - 4B 35
B. 1. F 2. T 3. T
4. F
C. 1. The skill and efficiency of the people is known as human
resources.
2. People can make the best use of all the natural resources such
as soil, forests, water and minerals.
3. The quality of the people is more important than the number
of the people.
4. When the population increases rapidly there is shortage in
food supplies and employment opportunities.

16. Transport and Communication

A. 1. Engine-powered 2. roads 3. highways
4. port 5. telephone, satellite
6. doordarshan
B. 1. wheel 2. major cities and state capitals
3. speed 4. aeroplanes
5. modern means of communication
6. every class of people
C. 1. T 2. F 3. F
4. T 5. F 6. T
D. 1. Roads are important in our country because they connect most
of the cities, towns and villages of India.
2. Air transport is very helpful to the people when there are
natural calamities like floods. Food packets are dropped from
the aeroplanes. Helicopters are also very useful in these
situations because they can land where aeroplanes cannot.
3. Modern means of transport brought the people of the world
closure to each other.
4. The transfer of information from one place to another or from
one source to another is called communication.
5. Telephone, mobile phone, Internet, newspaper, television, radio
and postal system are the various means of communication
in our country.
6. SMS, GPRS, MMS, email and bluetooth are some of the services
rendered by the mobile phones.

17. Elections
A. 1. Election 2. ballot box 3. voters
4. ballot
B. 1. leader 2. elected 3. 18 years

36 My Semester Book - 4B
C. 1. An election is the process of electing or choosing leaders or
representatives by voting system.
2. We have elections so the people elect a leader who they think
will serve well and look after their problems, needs and wants.
3. The role of an election office is to make rules to conduct free
and fair elections.
4. EVM stands for electronic voting machine.

18. Local Self Government

A. 1.
Panchayat 2. Sarpanch 3. Corporation
4.
Gram 5. Councillors
B. 1.
by the people of the village 2. Municipalities
3.
Corporation 4. five years
C. 1.
T 2. F 3. T
4.
T 5. F
D. 1.
The local self governments are formed by the people of a certain
village, town or city.
2. Members of the Gram Panchayat are elected by the people of
the village aged 18 years or above.
3. Functions of the Gram Panchayat are :
a. To make arrangement for clean drinking water.
b. Maintenance of public wells, tanks and handpumps.
c. Opening of Primary Health Centres.
d. Installation and maintenance of street lights.
e. Opening of primary schools and adult education centres.
4. Grants received from the government is the main source of
income of the Gram Panchayat.
5. The important functions of the Municipal Committee :
a. Construction, maintenance and cleanliness of roads.
b. Disposal of garbage generated in the city.
c. Supply of clean drinking water.
d. Maintenance and beautification of parks.
e. Free and compulsory education for children up to 14 years
of age.

19. Our History

A. 1. Christ 2. Indus 3. Asia
4. Aryans 5. independence
B. 1. Porus 2. Golden Age 3. Bengal
4. Non-violence
C. 1. T 2. F 3. T
4. T
My Semester Book - 4B 37
D. 1. The Indus Valley civilization was situated on the bank of
the Indus River (now in Pakistan).
2. Babur founded the Mughal Rule in India.
3. Under Shivaji the Marathas had grown into a great power.
4. The British defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah in 1757 AD.

20. Our Rich Heritage

A. 1. 22 2. Saree, blouse 3. Punjab
4. Bharatanatyam 5. Ellora
B. 1. natural heritage 2. common man 3. Orissa
4. harvest 5. Europeans
C. 1. T 2. T 3. F
4. T 5. T
D. 1. In our country there are natural and social heritage. Natural
heritage includes natural features like forests, wildlife, rivers,
mountains, valleys, soil, minerals etc. Social heritage includes
languages, costumes, customs, rituals, religions, dances, music,
games, architectural monuments, paintings, festivals etc.
2. Dances along with folk songs are called folk dances. It reflects
the life styles of the common man.
The answer of the remaining part of the question may vary.
3. Hindustani music and Carnatic music are the two types of
classical music in India.
4. All religions teach us not to steal, not to lie and not to harm
others and to treat our fellowmen like our own brothers and
sisters.
5. Festivals are celebrated because festivals help people to develop
good relationships and to live in peace and harmony.

21. Men Who Changed the Face of India

A. 1. Ashoka 2. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
3. spiritual 4. missionaries, charity
5. Vikram Sarabhai
B. 1. emperor
2. he worked for the welfare of the people
3. Krishnadevaraya 4. Arya Samaj 5. Homi Bhabha
C. 1. T 2. F 3. F
4. T 5. T

38 My Semester Book - 4B
D. 1. There are some people who devoted all their time and energy
to make lives better for the other people. Such people are
remembered as great men. They are found in every sphere
of life.
2. Ashoka made hospitals, roads, wells and water tanks for the
people. He constructed rest houses for the travellers.
3. Krishnadevaraya allowed the people to follow the religion of
their choice. He gave huge donations for the construction of
temples, mosques and other religious places.
4. Akbar was very ambitious from his childhood. His main
ambition was to expand his empire all over India. He was
almost succeeded in doing so.
5. Bhoodan Movement aimed at persuading landlords to voluntarily
donate their excess land for distribution among landless
people.

summative assessment - 2
A. 1. iron 2. Bengaluru 3. elected
4. Corporation 5. common man
B. 1. raw material 2. Humans 3. port
4. Aryans 5. Vikram Sarabhai
C. 1. T 2. T 3. T
4. T 5. F
D. 1. BJP 2. Communist Party of India
3. Congress 4. Samajwadi Party
E. 1. Chennai, Hyderabad
2. Maharashtra, Gujarat
3. West Bengal, Odisha
4. Tamil Nadu, Karnataka
F. 1. Bharatanatyam, Tamil Nadu
2. Kathak, Uttar Pradesh
3. Kathakali, Kerala
4. Kuchipudi, Andhra Pradesh
G. 1. Minerals from which metals cannot be obtained are called non-
metallic minerals. Mica, limestone, salt, coal and petroleum
are some non-metallic minerals.
2. The British defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah in 1757 AD.
3. Modern means of transport brought the people of the world
closure to each other.
My Semester Book - 4B 39
 4. Functions of the Gram Panchayat are :
a. To make arrangement for clean drinking water.
b. Maintenance of public wells, tanks and handpumps.
c. Opening of Primary Health Centres.
d. Installation and maintenance of street lights.
e. Opening of primary schools and adult education centres.
5. In our country there are natural and social heritage. Natural
heritage includes natural features like forests, wildlife, rivers,
mountains, valleys, soil, minerals etc. Social heritage includes
languages, costumes, customs, rituals, religions, dances, music,
games, architectural monuments, paintings, festivals etc.

40 My Semester Book - 4B