INSTALL SECURITY SYSTEMS

LECTURE 1

CCTV INSTALLITION
Lecture Notes by Daniel Mwanzia Mutunga
Email:[email protected]
Contact:0797078809
Closed-circuit television, also known
as video surveillance, is the use of
video cameras to transmit a signal to
a specific place, on a limited set of
monitors
CTV increases the security of your home and
protects your family from unforeseen circumstances.
There are many reasons to install CCTV cameras at
home such as
• crime prevention,
• evidence collection,
• insurance purposes,
• monitoring your pets, accidents that may occur on
your property,
• creating higher property value.
 Factors to consider before buying a CCTV camera solution
The object to be covered-With features such as ANPR, night vision, motion detection and
auto tracking completely changing the cameras available, deciding what to cover should
always be your first step when pursuing a CCTV system.
External influences & location-external influences such as the weather and the position of
the camera – things such as sunlight can completely alter where you position the camera,
but so could the risk of vandalism.
Cabling-With analogue solutions, local power at the camera used to be required and then
expensive crimps for the data – and then entered Cat5e with adaptors being used to carry
both the power and data over Cat5e, however with power splitters being used costs can still
go up sharply. However, IP solutions allow for both data & power to be over the same cable
straight from the NVR with the technologies built into the hardware from the factory.
Design of camera-the choice of camera design is chosen depending on the risk to be covered
and external influence some research to the different designs pros and cons should narrow this
down for you for example you won’t want to install a bullet camera at low level where it can
easily be pushed out of view, for this you will be better looking for a vandal resistant dome
camera.
Quality & output resolution-you need to understand what quality you need from your camera.
With analogue systems such as, it can be easy to be persuaded, however, their IP solution
delivers anywhere from 1.2MP to 12MP so there is a lot of choices.
Lens size & sensor-If you want a wide field of view you may wish to look at a 2.8mm camera,
however, this could mean compromising on the ability to identify people and objects.
Night vision
Storage size needed
Installation professional
IMPORTANCE OF INSTALLING CCTV IN YOUR WORKPLACE
• Prevent theft and Vandalism: Security cameras act as a strong deterrent in
keeping away any activities of theft, vandalism, or break-ins. Installing
surveillance cameras on home and office premises thwarts anti-social
elements and ensures safety to the members.
• Real-time Monitoring: The best CCTV cameras ensure that live footage is
available any time the business owners need them
• Improved Employee Productivity: Take the example of any office, in
particular restaurants or workshops. It is a known fact that having a CCTV
camera installed makes employees work harder as they are being watched
closely. In addition, it also relieves the manager or supervisor of the task of
constantly monitoring them and instead focuses on other aspects of work
• . Useful Criminal Evidence: CCTV cameras serve as a powerful resource
when any crime is committed in or around the business premises.
• Prevent Sexual Harassment: Despite the stringent laws enacted against
sexual harassment in workplaces, some miscreants manage to indulge in
these acts. CCTV cameras would not only help prevent such incidents and
offer a safe place to employees but also confirm the occurrence of any such
event. This enables filing any lawsuit and taking disciplinary action
against the culprit.
• Enhance Customer Experience: Having CCTV cameras in retail
supermarkets or large shops makes customers feel valued. You, as a
business owner, could take a look at their buying behavior in the recording
on-screen and cater to their needs better by making adjustments to product
positioning.
• Reduce Costs: The installation of video surveillance systems obviates the
need for hiring night security officers.
 COMPONENTS OF A CCTV SYSTEM
i. Camera. The camera is the central part of a CCTV system. ..
ii. Monitoring Stations. At the monitoring station, operators
use software-equipped computer monitors to review camera
fe
iii. Video Recorderseds. ....
iv. Supporting Accessories.
v. Video Recording Storage Devices. ...
vi. Power Supply. ...
vii.Video Management Software.
Types of CCTV cameras
Bullet Camera.
C-mount Camera.
Day/Night Camera.
PTZ Camera.
Dome Camera.
 Internal and External Dome Camera
The dome camera is one most commonly used for
indoor and outdoor security and surveillance. The
shape of the camera makes it difficult for onlookers
to tell which way the camera is facing, which is a
strong piece of design, deterring criminals by
creating an air of uncertainty. Other benefits of this
type of camera include:
Other benefits of internal and external dome cameras
include:
• Ease of installation
• Vandal-resistant features
• IR night vision
 C-mount Camera
Coming with detachable lenses, C-mount
cameras allow for simple lens changes to fit
different applications. C-mount cameras can
cover distances beyond 40 ft thanks to the
possibility to use special lenses with these
cameras, whereas standard CCTV lenses can only
cover distances of 35-40 ft.
Other benefits of C-mount cameras include:
•Can support changes in technology
•Effective for indoor use
•Bulky size makes them noticeable (which acts
as a deterrent)
 Day/Night Camera
Capable of operating in both normal and
poorly lit environments, these cameras benefit
from not requiring inbuilt infrared illuminators as
they can capture clear video images in the dark
thanks to their extra sensitive imaging chips. For
this reason, these cameras are ideal for outdoor
surveillance applications in which IR cameras are
unable to function optimally.

Other benefits of day/night cameras include:

• Record in both colour and black & white.

• Wide variety of sizes available
• Infrared capability
 PTZ Pan Tilt & Zoom Camera

PTZ – Pan/tilt/zoom – cameras allow the

camera to be moved left or right (panning), up
and down (tilting) and even allow the lens to be
zoomed closer or farther.
These cameras are used in situations where a
live guard or surveillance specialist is there
operating the security systems.
Other benefits of PTZ cameras include:
•200m IR night vision
•X36 optical zoom
•High-quality image resolution
Discreet CCTV
These types of cameras allow for discreet placement which means
you can capture good footage of theft and criminal damage.
Discreet CCTV cameras beneficial because criminals will be less
likely to spot them and therefore, they are less likely to be
damaged in the process.
Other benefits of discreet CCTV cameras include:
• Can be propped up or mounted
• Can be disguised in various objects
• Effective for indoor use
 Network Cameras

These cameras share the images across the

internet, so CCTV footage can be easily
accessed. Network cameras are ideal for both
domestic and commercial purposes because you
can see what’s going on whilst away from the
property.

Other benefits of network cameras include:

• Data can be easily accessed
• Ideal for homes and companies
• Less cabling and less maintenance
State five things to consider when placing surveillance cameras.
1.Entry Points- home burglaries are initiated through the front or
back door, making these two locations prime candidates for your
camera installations.
2.Height off the Floor/Ground- cameras should be placed at least
nine feet above the floor/ground, so that it will be more difficult
for would-be intruders to tamper with them
1.Image Quality- Your surveillance cameras should have decent
image quality
2.Angles- cameras that have smaller fields of vision should be trained
upon very specific “trouble spots” (e.g., one window or door), while
cameras that can rotate, zoom or pan to cover larger areas should be
positioned to monitor more open places
3.Keep Them Hidden, or Make Them Visible
 A network video recorder (NVR
A network video recorder (NVR) is a computer system that
records video footage and stores it on a hard disk, a mass
storage device, or cloud storage.
 A Digital Video Recorder (DVR)

A Digital Video Recorder (DVR) records video to

local storage devices, most commonly a hard drive.
DVR can record analog video sources on-site or
capture video from a digital source. DVRs can be
connected to analog cameras via coaxial cables,
enabling them to be accessed remotely.
DVR NVR
A DVR converts analog footage into a NVR typically only works with digital
digital format footage
DVR systems process data at the recorder NVR systems encode and process data at
the camera before transmitting it to the
recorder for storage and remote viewing.
DVR connects to an analog CCTV system NVR connects to an IP camera system over
via a coaxial cable an Ethernet or Wi-Fi connection
CCTV power supply