Code Switching and Code Mixing:

Communication in Learning Language

Submitted to: Mam Maida Shakil

Submitted by: Samreen Fatima (83)

Laiba Jamil (118)

Course Title: Sociolinguistics

Semester: 5th

Session: 2019-2023

Dated: 22-11-2021

Department of English

Government College of Women University, Sialkot

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 Table Of Contents

Sr#. Topics Pg#.

1. Abstract 3

2. Introduction 3

3. Discussion 3-4

4. Conclusion 5

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Abstract

In everyday life, we sometimes have to communicate with the people of different languages.
Communication is very important in the delivery of purpose and language is a means of
communication and is very important element in the delivery of that purpose. Code switching
and code mixing are the languages which aims to make the other person immediately
understand what we say. Code switching is an alternative to have a conversation with two
different languages. Teachers make switching code in the class to make the meaning clear.
When students have interaction with the native speakers of the language , code switching can
be a barrier.

Introduction

In our daily life, we will face difficulty in communication because of difference in language.
And it also takes effect in the class when we taught foreign language for students.
Code switching is a widely observed phenomenon in multilingual and multicultural
communities especially in foreign language teaching. In ELT classrooms, code switching
comes into use either in the teachers’ or the students’ discourse. Code-switching and code-
mixing are well-known traits in the speech pattern of the average bilingual in any human
society. code switching occur not only in social community but also it always occur in the
class situation. And it has the big advantages especially for the teacher in order to give the
knowledge of foreign language for the students, through this alternative way the students is
requires to use target language while speaking or discussion to develop their skills in foreign
language learning.

Discussion

Code-switching is one of the alternative way to bilingual of two or more languages in the
same conversations. Code- mixing closely related to code- switching and code mixing take
place without a change of topic and can involve various levels of language such as
phonology, morphology, grammatical structures and lexical items. Both languages are
important role play in our society.

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When we discussion about the differences between the code switching and
code mixing, both of them have the strong similarities. The similarities of them just it the
function when we use two or more languages as a variant language in speech
community. The difference in code- switching, switch language event or variety of
language by the bilingual because of certain reason and consciously. While code-mixing, the
use of pieces of another language to one language that is needed probably; has the function is
not considered as a wrong or derivation.
The number of possible reasons for the switching from one language to another and these will
be now considered. The first of these in the nation that a speaker may not be able to
express him /herself in one language so switches to the other to compensate for the
deficiency. Code-switching tend to occur when the speaker is upset, tired or distracted in
some manner.Switching commonly occurs when an individual wishes to express solidarity
with a particular social group. Switching behavior is the alternation that occurs when the
speaker wishes to convey her attitude to listener. We can conclude that many reasons
why people make code switching and code mixing to make clear what they want to expressed
to the listener, it relation to the situation and the topic.
The teacher use of code switching is not always performed consciously which means that the
teacher is not always aware of the function and outcomes of the code switching process. In
some cases it may be regarded as an automatic and unconscious behavior. It necessarily some
basic functions which may be beneficial in language learning environments. The functionality
in code switching in classroom settings its repetitive functions.In this other case, the
teacher uses code-switching in order to transfer the necessary knowledge for the students for
clarity. A learner who is sure that the instruction in foreign language will be followed by a
native language translation may loose interest in listening to the former instructions, which
will have negative academic consequence; as the student is exposed to foreign
language discourse limitedly.
The function of students are not always aware of the reasons for code switching as well as its
functions and outcomes. They may unconsciously perform code switching, it clearly serves
some functions either beneficial or not. The function of student code switch is equilence. In
this case, the student makes use of the native equivalent of a certain lexical items in target
language sometimes they don’t know how to say in second language, so they code switches
to his/her native tongue. This process may be correlated with the deficiency in
linguistic competence of target language, which makes the student use the native

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lexical items when he/she not the competence for using the target language explanation for
a lexical items.

Conclusion

It is concluded that Code mixing as the term refers to the use of one or more languages for
consistent transfer of linguistic units from one language into another, and by such a language
mixture developing a new restricted or not so restricted code of linguistic interaction. Teacher
makes code switching in the class to make meaning clear and to transfer the knowledge to
students in an efficient way. Yet, it should be kept in mind that in long term, when the
students experience interaction with the native speakers of the target language; code
switching may be a barrier which prevents mutual intelligibility.