Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 2e (Tro)

Chapter 1 Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving

1) Molecules can be described as

A) a mixture of two or more pure substances.
B) a mixture of two or more elements that has a specific ratio between components.
C) two or more atoms chemically joined together.
D) a heterogeneous mixture
E) a homogeneous mixture
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.1

2) Give the composition of water.

A) two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms.
B) one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom.
C) two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
D) one hydrogen atom and two oxygen atoms.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.1

3) Dalton's Atomic Theory states

A) that all elements have several isotopes.
B) that matter is composed of small indestructible particles.
C) that the properties of matter are determined by the properties of atoms.
D) that energy is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
E) that an atom is predominantly empty space.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.2

4) The statement, "In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed" is called
A) The Law of Conservation of Mass
B) Dalton's Atomic Theory
C) The Scientific Method
D) The Law of Multiple Proportions
E) The Law of Definite Proportions
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.2

5) Which of the following represents a hypothesis?

A) Sodium reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
B) Nitrogen gas is a fairly inert substance.
C) Nickel has a silvery sheen.
D) When a substance combusts, it combines with air.
E) When wood burns, heat is given off.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.2

6) Which of the following represent a valid hypothesis?

A) Neon does not react with oxygen.
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B) Sodium metal reacts violently with water.
C) Lead is soft and malleable.
D) Oxygen is a gas at room temperature.
E) Metals tend to lose electrons.
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.2

7) The Scientific Method

A) is just a theory.
B) is a strict set of rules and procedures that lead to inarguable fact.
C) isn't used much in modern chemistry.
D) is based on continued observation and experiment.
E) is a framework for proving an argument you know to be true.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.2

8) Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) A scientific law is fact.
B) Once a theory is constructed, it is considered fact.
C) A hypothesis is speculation that is difficult to test.
D) An observation explains why nature does something.
E) A scientific law summarizes a series of related observations.
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.2

9) Identify a liquid.
A) Definite volume and definite shape.
B) Definite volume and no definite shape.
C) Definite shape and no definite volume.
D) No definite shape and no definite volume.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

10) Identify dry ice as a solid, liquid, or gas.

A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) both solid and liquid
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

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11) Choose the pure substance from the list below.
A) sea water
B) sugar
C) air
D) lemonade
E) milk
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

12) Choose the pure substance from the list below.

A) tea
B) a casserole
C) carbon monoxide
D) sugar water
E) pomegranate juice
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

13) Choose the heterogeneous mixture from the list below.

A) Gatorade
B) chlorine gas
C) black coffee
D) chicken noodle soup
E) carbon (graphite)
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

14) Choose the homogeneous mixture from the list below.

A) Kool-aid
B) mud
C) ice water
D) salad dressing
E) salsa
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

15) Which of the following statements about crystalline and amorphous solids is TRUE?
A) A crystalline solid is composed of atoms or molecules arranged with long-range repeating order.
B) An example of a crystalline solid is glass.
C) An example of an amorphous solid is table salt (NaCl).
D) An amorphous solid is composed of atoms or molecules with a majority of its volume empty.
E) All of the above statements are TRUE.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

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16) Which of the following statements about the phases of matter is TRUE?
A) In both solids and liquids, the atoms or molecules pack closely to one another.
B) Solids are highly compressible.
C) Gaseous substances have long-range repeating order.
D) There is only one type of geometric arrangement that the atoms or molecules in any solid can adopt.
E) Liquids have a large portion of empty volume between molecules.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

17) A substance that can't be chemically broken down into simpler substances is considered to be
A) a homogeneous mixture.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a compound.
E) an electron.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

18) A substance composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed, definite proportion is considered

A) a homogeneous mixture.
B) a heterogeneous mixture.
C) a compound.
D) a solution.
E) an alloy.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

19) Two or more substances in variable proportions, where the composition is constant throughout are
considered
A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.
E) a crystalline solid.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

20) Two or more substances in variable proportions, where the composition is variable throughout are
considered
A) a solution.
B) a homogeneous mixture.
C) a compound.
D) an amorphous solid..
E) a heterogeneous mixture.
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

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21) Choose the homogeneous mixture from the list below.
A) cola
B) air
C) concrete
D) trail mix
E) blood
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.3

22) Which of the following are examples of physical change?

A) sugar is dissolved in water.
B) coffee is brewed.
C) dry ice sublimes.
D) ice (solid water) melts.
E) All of these are examples of physical change.
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4

23) Which of the following are examples of physical change?

A) dew forms on a blade of grass
B) a halloween light stick glows after shaking
C) an egg solidifies during cooking
D) a hydrogen balloon explodes when contacted with a flame
E) None of the above are physical changes.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4

24) Which of the following are examples of a chemical change?

A) Copper building materials develop a green patina over time.
B) a match burns
C) ethanol evaporates
D) Both A and B are examples of chemical change.
E) All of the above are examples of chemical change.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4

25) Which of the following are examples of a chemical change?

A) coffee brewing
B) water boiling
C) nails rusting
D) salt dissolves in water
E) None of the above are chemical changes.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4

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26) A physical change
A) occurs when iron rusts.
B) occurs when sugar is heated into caramel.
C) occurs when glucose is converted into energy within your cells.
D) occurs when water is evaporated.
E) occurs when propane is burned for heat.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4

27) A chemical change

A) occurs when methane gas is burned.
B) occurs when paper is shredded.
C) occurs when water is vaporized.
D) occurs when salt is dissolved in water.
E) occurs when Kool-aid is stirred into water.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4

28) Which of the following represents a physical property?

A) Sodium metal is extremely reactive with chlorine gas.
B) Mercury is a silver liquid at room temperature.
C) the tendency of aluminum to "rust"
D) the flammability of butane fuel
E) the unreactive nature of argon gas
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4

29) Which of the following represents a chemical property of hydrogen gas?

A) It is gaseous at room temperature.
B) It is less dense than air.
C) It reacts explosively with oxygen.
D) It is colorless.
E) It is tasteless.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4

30) Which of the following statements about energy is FALSE?

A) Energy can be converted from one type to another.
B) The total energy of a system remains constant.
C) Potential energy is the energy associated with its position or composition.
D) Kinetic energy is the capacity to do work.
E) Systems tend to change in order to lower their potential energy.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.5

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31) Define thermal energy.
A) Energy associated with the temperature of an object.
B) Energy associated with the motion of an object.
C) Energy associated with the force of an object.
D) Energy associated with the gravity of an object.
E) Energy associated with the position of an object.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.5

32) All of the following are SI base units of measurement, EXCEPT

A) meter
B) gram
C) second
D) kelvin
E) mole
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

33) Which of the following are examples of intensive properties?

A) density
B) volume
C) mass
D) None of the above are examples of intensive properties.
E) All of the above are examples of intensive properties.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

34) Which of the following are examples of extensive properties?

A) mass
B) color
C) density
D) temperature
E) taste
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

35) If the temperature is 178°F, what is the temperature in degrees celsius?

A) 352°C
B) 451°C
C) 67°C
D) 81.1°C
E) 378°C
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.6

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36) If a solution has a temperature of 355 K, what is its temperature in degrees celsius?
A) 165°C
B) 628°C
C) 179°C
D) 79°C
E) 82°C
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.6

37) The outside air temperature is 30°F, what is the temperature in Kelvin?
A) 303 K
B) 307 K
C) 274 K
D) 272 K
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.6

38) If the temperature is 25°C, what is the temperature in °F?

A) 45°F
B) 298.15°F
C) 77°F
D) -3.89°F
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.6

39) If the temperature is 25°C, what is the temperature in K?

A) 45 K
B) 298 K
C) 77 K
D) -3.89 K
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.6

40) Determine the density of an object that has a mass of 149.8 g and displaces 12 .1 mL of water when
placed in a graduated cylinder.
A) 8.08 g/mL
B) 1.38 g/mL
C) 12 .4 g/mL
D) 18.1 g/mL
E) 11.4 g/mL
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.6

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41) Determine the volume of an object that has a mass of 455.6 g and a density of 19.3 g/cm 3.
A) 87.9 mL
B) 42 .4 mL
C) 18.5 mL
D) 23.6 mL
E) 31.2 mL
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.6

42) Determine the mass of an object that has a volume of 88.6 mL and a density of 9.77 g/mL.
A) 298 g
B) 1100 g
C) 907 g
D) 568 g
E) 866 g
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.6

43) A student performs an experiment to determine the density of a sugar solution. She obtains the
following results: 4.11 g/mL, 4.81 g/mL, 4.95 g/mL, 3.75 g/mL. If the actual value for the density of
the sugar solution is 4.75 g/mL, which statement below best describes her results?
A) Her results are precise, but not accurate.
B) Her results are accurate, but not precise.
C) Her results are both precise and accurate
D) Her results are neither precise nor accurate.
E) It isn't possible to determine with the information given.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.7

44) A student performs an experiment to determine the density of a sugar solution. She obtains the
following results: 4.71 g/mL, 4.73 g/mL, 4.67 g/mL, 4.69 g/mL. If the actual value for the density of
the sugar solution is 4.40 g/mL, which statement below best describes her results?
A) Her results are precise, but not accurate.
B) Her results are accurate, but not precise.
C) Her results are both precise and accurate
D) Her results are neither precise nor accurate.
E) It isn't possible to determine with the information given.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.7

45) Systematic error is defined as

A) error that tends to be too high or too low.
B) error that is too high and too low.
C) error that averages out with repeated trials.
D) error that is random.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.7

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46) Read the water level with the correct number of significant figures.

A) 5 mL
B) 5.3 mL
C) 5.32 mL
D) 5.320 mL
E) 5.3200 mL
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

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47) Read the temperature with the correct number of significant figures.

A) 87°C
B) 87.2°C
C) 87.20°C
D) 87.200°C
E) 87.2000°C
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

48) Read the length of the metal bar with the correct number of significant figures.

A) 20 cm
B) 15 cm
C) 15.0 cm
D) 15.00 cm
E) 15.000 cm
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

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49) Read the length of the metal bar with the correct number of significant figures.

A) 20 cm
B) 15 cm
C) 15.0 cm
D) 15.00 cm
E) 15.000 cm
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

50) How many significant figures are in 1009.630 mL?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 7
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

51) How many significant figures are in 3.408 x 10 4 m?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 7
E) 8
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

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52) How many significant figures are in the measurement, 463.090 m?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

53) How many significant figures are in the measurement, 0.0005890 g?

A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

54) What answer should be reported, with the correct number of significant figures, for the following
calculation? (433.621 - 333.9) × 11.900
A) 1.19 × 10 3
B) 1.187 × 103
C) 1.1868 × 103
D) 1.18680 × 103
E) 1.186799 × 103
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

55) What answer should be reported, with the correct number of significant figures, for the following
calculation? (249.362 + 41) / 63.498
A) 4.6
B) 4.57
C) 4.573
D) 4.5728
E) 4.57277
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.7

56) What answer should be reported, with the correct number of significant figures, for the following
calculation? (965.43 × 3.911) + 9413.4136
A) 13189
B) 13189.2
C) 1.32 × 104
D) 1.3 × 104
E) 1.319 × 104
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.7

57) What wavelength of light would you report in units of nm, if the light had a wavelength of 7.60 x
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10-10 m?
A) 7.60 × 10 -3 nm
B) 7.60 × 10-19 nm
C) 1.32 nm
D) 0.760 nm
E) 760 nm
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

58) How many mg does a 433 kg sample contain?

A) 4.33 × 10 -4 mg
B) 4.33 × 107 mg
C) 4.33 × 10-3 mg
D) 4.33 × 106 mg
E) 4.33 × 108 mg
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

59) How many kL does a 1.25 × 10 8 cL sample contain?

A) 1.25 × 103 kL
B) 1.25 × 1013 kL
C) 1.25 × 104 kL
D) 1.25 × 1012 kL
E) 1.25 × 102 kL
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

60) How many cm3 are contained in 3.77 × 10 4 mm3?

A) 3.77 × 104 cm3
B) 3.77 × 101 cm3
C) 3.77 × 10-10 cm3
D) 3.77 × 1020 cm3
E) 3.77 × 106 cm3
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

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61) If an object has a density of 8.65 g/cm3, what is its density in units of kg/m3?
A) 8.65 × 10 -3 kg/m3
B) 8.65 × 10-7 kg/m3
C) 8.65 × 103 kg/m3
D) 8.65 × 101 kg/m3
E) 8.65 × 10-1 kg/m3
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.8

62) If a room requires 25.4 square yards of carpeting, what is the area of the floor in units of ft 2?
(3 ft = 1 yd)
A) 76.2 ft2
B) 8.47 ft2
C) 282 ft2
D) 229 ft2
E) 68.6 ft2
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.8

63) A person weighs 77.1 kg. What is their weight in pounds?

A) 154 pounds
B) 170 pounds
C) 35.0 pounds
D) 162 pounds
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.8

64) Convert 15.0 km to miles.

A) 24.1 miles
B) 9.32 miles
C) 591 miles
D) 33.1 miles
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.8

65) If the walls in a room are 955 square feet in area, and a gallon of paint covers 15 square yards, how
many gallons of paint are needed for the room? (3 ft = 1 yd)
A) 47 gallons
B) 21 gallons
C) 7.1 gallons
D) 24 gallons
E) 2.3 gallons
Answer: C
Diff: 4 Page Ref: 1.8

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66) Gas is sold for $1.399 per liter in Toronto, Canada. Your car needs 12.00 gallons. How much
will your credit card be charged in dollars?
A) $16.79
B) $67.15
C) $4.44
D) $63.54
Answer: D
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

Match the following.

A) 10 -3
B) 10-2
C) 10-6
D) 10-9
E) 102
F) 103

67) kilo
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

68) centi
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

69) milli
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

70) nano
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

71) micro
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

Answers: 67) F 68) B 69) A 70) D 71) C

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72) Define matter.
Answer: Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.3

73) What is the difference between a physical property and a chemical property? Give an example of
each.
Answer: A physical property is something that can be observed without changing the chemical identity
of the substance, such as color or scent. A chemical property can only be observed while the chemical
identity of a substance is changing, such as sodium metals tendency to react with water to form
hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.4LO: 1.4

74) Define the law of the conservation of energy.

Answer: Energy is neither created or destroyed.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.5
75) A sample of liquid isopropyl alcohol is placed in a sealed container. Some of the volatile isopropyl
alcohol vaporizes. Does the mass of the sealed container and its contents change during the
vaporization? Explain.
Answer: No. The vaporized isopropyl alcohol is just in a different physical state. It still has mass
and therefore the gas plus the remaining liquid and container have the same total mass after the
vaporization of some of the isopropyl alcohol.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

76) A flash drive contains 4 gigabytes. How many bytes does it contain?
Answer: 4,000,000,000 bytes, 4 × 10 9 bytes. or 4,292,967,296 byte if someone is computer literate
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.8

77) Describe the difference between an intensive and extensive property using examples.
Answer: An intensive property does NOT depend on the amount of the substance present, such as
color or density. An extensive property is one that does depend on the amount of the substance, such
as mass or volume.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

78) What happens to the density of a sample of iron metal as it is heated from room temperature to
100°C? (This is below the melting point of iron.)
Answer: Since the mass of the iron stays constant, but the volume increases as the temperature is
raised, the density of the iron decreases upon heating.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

79) What does it mean to be an exact number? Give an example of an exact number.
Answer: An exact number has an infinite number of significant figures even though we typically don't
write many of them out. If there are 26 people in a classroom, there are exactly 26.00000.... people in
that room. There is no possibility of a half person, so this is an exact whole number with no ambiguity.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.7

80) Define precision.

Answer: How close a series of measurements are to one another.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.7

81) Crude oil is an example of

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A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.3

82) Gasoline is an example of

A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.3

83) Gold is an example of

A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.3

84) Water is an example of

A) a compound.
B) an element.
C) a heterogeneous mixture.
D) a homogeneous mixture.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.3

85) Which of the following is the smallest volume?

A) 44 cm3
B) 1.0 dL
C) 5.5 × 103 mL
D) 1.0 × 108 nL
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.8

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86) What symbol is used to represent the factor 10 -1?
A) M
B) m
C) μ
D) d
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

87) The factor 1,000,000 corresponds to which prefix?

A) deka
B) deci
C) mega
D) milli
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

88) The factor 10-3 corresponds to which prefix?

A) deka
B) deci
C) milli
D) centi
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

89) What decimal power does the abbreviation f represent?

A) 1 × 106
B) 1 × 103
C) 1 × 10-1
D) 1 × 10-15
E) 1 × 10-12
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

90) What decimal power does the abbreviation pico represent?

A) 1 × 106
B) 1 × 109
C) 1 × 10-1
D) 1 × 10-12
E) 1 × 10-15
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.6

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91) What is the volume (in cm3) of a 43.6 g piece of metal with a density of 2.71 g/cm3?
A) 16.1
B) 19.5
C) .425
D) 6.65
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.6

92) A piece of metal ore weighs 8.25 g. When a student places it into a graduated cylinder containing
water, the liquid level rises from 21.25 mL to 26.47 mL. What is the density of the ore?
A) 0.312 g/mL
B) 0.633 g/mL
C) 1.58 g/mL
D) 3.21 g/mL
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.6

93) A mass of mercury occupies 0.950 L. What volume would an equal mass of ethanol occupy? The
density of mercury is and the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL.
A) 0.0553 L
B) 0.0613 L
C) 16.3 L
D) 18.1 L
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.6

94) If the melting point of vanadium metal is 1910°C, what is its melting point in Kelvin?
A) 1029 K
B) 1637 K
C) 2183 K
D) 3470 K
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.6

95) Which of the following is the lowest temperature?

A) 42°C
B) 57°F
C) 318 K
D) All of these temperatures are all equal.
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1.6

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96) How many significant figures are in the measurement 5.34 g?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 3
E) 5
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.7

97) The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is
________.

11.5 × 8.78 = ________

Answer: 101
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

98) Round the following number to four significant figures and express the result in standard
exponential notation: 229.613
A) 0.2296 × 103
B) 229.6
C) 2.296 × 10-2
D) 2.296 × 102
E) 22.96 × 10-1
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

99) Which of the following numbers has the greatest number of significant figures?
A) 0.8010
B) 0.504
C) 742000
D) 9.05 × 1024
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

100) How many of the following numbers contain 3 significant figures?

0.408 9.040 0.0400 9.05 × 1024
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

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101) How many significant figures are there in the answer to the following problem?
(9.992 × 3.200) + 0.610 = ?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

102) How many significant figures are there in the answer for the following problem?
56.4 + 0.8822 + 21 = ?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

103) How many significant figures are there in the answer for the following problem?
[( 143.7 - 121) × 2.06]
0.600

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

104) An acetylene molecule contains 2 atoms of carbon. The number 2 represents how many significant
figures?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) infinite
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

105) Round off 00907506 to four significant figures.

A) 0091
B) 9076
C) 9100
D) 9.075 × 105
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

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106) The width, length, and height of a large, custom-made shipping crate are 1.22 m, 3.22 m, and
0.83 m, respectively. The volume of the box using the correct number of significant figures is
________ m3.
A) 3.26057
B) 3.3
C) 3.26
D) 3.261
E) 3.2606
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.7

107) The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures) to the following is
________.

(1815 - 1806) × (9.11 × 7.92) = ________

Answer: 600
Diff: 4 Page Ref: 1.7

108) Without using a calculator, solve the following problem:

A) 1 × 10-4
B) 1 × 105
C) 1 × 1023
D) 1 × 1032
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.7

109) Without using a calculator, solve the following problem:

A) 1 × 106
B) 1 × 100
C) 1 × 10-12
D) 1 × 10-18
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1.7

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110) Which of the following is the greatest mass?
A) 1000 μg
B) 1.000 × 10-4 kg
C) 1.000 × 10-4 cg
D) 1.000 × 10-8 Mg
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

111) The mass of a proton is 1.67 × 10 -27 kg. What is the mass of a proton in picograms?
A) 1.67 × 10 -18 pg
B) 1.67 × 10-15 pg
C) 1.67 × 10-12 pg
D) 1.67 × 10-9 pg
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

112) The mass of a single zinc atom is 1.086 × 10 -22 g. This is the same mass as
A) 1.086 × 10-16 mg.
B) 1.086 × 10-25 kg.
C) 1.086 × 10-28 μg.
D) 1.086 × 10-31 ng.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

113) A student weighed 30.00 μg of sulfur in the lab. This is the same mass as
A) 3.000 × 10-8 g.
B) 3.000 × 10-5 kg.
C) 3.000 × 10-5 mg.
D) 3.000 × 104 ng.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

114) Convert 4 μm to meters.

A) 4 × 10-9 m
B) 4 × 10-6 m
C) 4 × 10-3 m
D) 4 × 106 m
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

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115) The average distance between nitrogen and oxygen atoms is 115 pm in a compound called nitric
oxide. What is this distance in millimeters?
A) 1.15 × 10 -8 mm
B) 1.15 × 10-7 mm
C) 1.15 × 1013 mm
D) 1.15 × 1017 mm
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

116) The diameter of an atom is approximately 1 × 10 -10 m. What is the diameter in millimeters?
A) 1 × 10-16 mm
B) 1 × 10-13 mm
C) 1 × 10-7 mm
D) 1 × 10-4 mm
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

117) Which of the following volumes is equal to 40 mL?

A) 40 cm3
B) 40 dm3
C) 0.40 L
D) 0.00040 kL
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

118) Convert 10 cm3 to m3.

A) 1 × 10-5 m3
B) 1 × 10-1 m3
C) 1 × 103 m3
D) 1 × 107 m3
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

119) Convert 35 m3 to liters.

A) 3.5 × 10-2 L
B) 3.5 L
C) 3.5 × 102 L
D) 3.5 × 104 L
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1.8

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120) 38.325 lbs = ________ grams. (1 lb = 454 g)
Answer: 17400
Diff: 4 Page Ref: 1.8

121) If 1.4% of the mass of a human body is calcium, how many kilograms of calcium are there in a
185-pound man?
A) 1.2 kg Ca
B) 5.7 kg Ca
C) 1.2 × 102 kg Ca
D) 5.7 × 102 kg
Answer: A
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

122) A fishing boat accidentally spills 3.0 barrels of diesel oil into the ocean. Each barrel contains 42
gallons. If the oil film on the ocean is 2.5 × 10 2 nm thick, how many square meters will the oil slick
cover?
A) 1.9 × 10-3 m2
B) 1.9 × 106 m2
C) 1.9 × 107 m2
D) none of these
Answer: B
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

123) Because of the high heat and low humidity in the summer in Death Valley, California, a visitor
requires about one quart of water for every two miles traveled on foot. Calculate the approximate
number of liters required for a person to walk 10. kilometers in Death Valley.
A) 2.9 L
B) 12 L
C) 30 L
D) 47 L
Answer: A
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

124) The estimated costs for remodelling the interior of an apartment are: three 1 -gallon cans of paint at
$13.22 each , two paint brushes at $9.53 each , and $135 for a helper. The total estimated cost with the
appropriate significant figures is $________.
A) 193.72
B) 1.9 × 102
C) 194
D) 2 × 102
E) 193.7
Answer: C
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

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125) How many liters of wine can be held in a wine barrel whose capacity is 26.0 gal?
1 gal = 4 qt = 3.7854 L.
A) 1.46 × 10 -4
B) 0.146
C) 98.4
D) 6.87 × 103
E) 6.87
Answer: C
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

126) The recommended adult dose of Elixophyllin , a drug used to treat asthma, is 6.00 mg/kg of body
mass. Calculate the dose in milligrams for a 115-lb person. 1 lb. = 453.59 g.
A) 24
B) 1,521
C) 1.5
D) 313
E) 3.1 × 105
Answer: D
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

127) The density of air under ordinary conditions at 25°C is 1.19 g/L. How many kilograms of air are in
a room that measures 11.0 ft x 11.0 ft and has an 10.0 ft ceiling? 1 in. = 2.54 cm (exactly);
1 L = 103 cm3.
A) 3.66
B) 0.152
C) 4.08 × 104
D) 0.0962
E) 40.8
Answer: E
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

128) How many liters of air are in a room that measures 10.0 x 11.0 ft and has an 8.00 ft ceiling?
1 in. = 2.54 cm (exactly); 1 L = 10 3 cm3.
A) 2.49 × 104
B) 92.8
C) 26.8
D) 2.68 × 107
E) 8.84 × 105
Answer: A
Diff: 5 Page Ref: 1.8

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