REPORTED SPEECH ( CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT )

I/ Normal / Usual sentences :

- How to do : Đọc đề từ trái sang phải, gặp V  lùi thì V , gặp ngôi  phải chuyển ngôi . ( dùng
Said / Said that nếu có 1 người , nếu có 2 người  Told / Said to ) vd : My mom said ……../ My
mom said to me ……= My mom told me…….

- Example : “ Tom is my little brother ” said Jay .

 Jay said that Tom was his little brother .

“ I don’t want to eat anything right now ” said the boy to his mom .

 The boy said to/told his mom that he didn’t want to eat anything right
then .

II/ Commands , Requests :

- How to do : Told + someone + to / not to do something . ( đa số dùng với chữ Told / Asked )

- Example : “ Close the door for me , please ! ” my teacher told me .

 My teacher told me to close the door .

“ Don’t forget to do your homework for tomorrow ” my dad said to me .

 My dad told me not to forget to do my homework for the day after .

III/ WH – questions :

- Signals ( dấu hiệu nhận biết ) : Các câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng cụm WH – hoặc H – ( ex : what , where ,
when , why , how , how many , what time , how often , what day ….)

- How to do : Ghi lại cụm từ hỏi ( thường đứng trước V ) , sau đó ghi S trước rồi tiếp theo là động từ .

- Dùng Asked / Wanted to know / Wondered . ( dùng Asked phải có 2 người )

- Đứng sau cụm từ hỏi thì vẫn là đầu câu (Vẫn dùng S )

- Example : “ What time do you go to school ? ” my aunt asked me .

 My aunt asked me what time I went to school .

“ How much rice does your grandfather eat one day ? ” the nurse asked me .

 The nurse asked me how much rice my grandfather ate one day.

IV/ Yes / No questions :

- Signals ( dấu hiệu ) : thường có các chữ như : Do , Does , Did , Am , Is , Are, Will , Can , Should …
v..v đứng đầu câu ,
 - How to do it : thêm chữ IF hoặc Whether vào trước , sau đó là S và tiếp theo là V .

- Đa số dùng chữ Asked / Wanted to know / Wondered .

- If và Whether đều mang chung nghĩa ( Liệu rằng ) .

- Example : “ Do you have a good mark on English ? ” Ken’s friends asked him.

 Ken’s friends asked him if/whether he had a good mark on E .

“ Are you a new student in my class ? ” The teacher asked Mary.

 The teacher asked Mary if/whether she was a new student in her class .

V/ Some important notes :

- Dùng Told thì phải có người thứ 2 . ( ex : My Mom told me , Garvin told her )
- Dùng Said cho 1 người , nếu có thêm 1 người nữa thì Said to + người đó. ( ex : she said to me …. ,
Jane said to John …. )
- Đề có (I,me,my)  nhớ người thứ 1 / Đề có (you,your)  nhớ người thứ 2

Một số trường hợp chuyển đổi thời gian địa điểm :

Here – There Now – Then Today – That day

Tomorrow – The day after, the following day, the next day Yesterday – The day
before, the previous day, the last day

This – That These – Those Ago – Before

Last week - ……………. Last year - ………………..

Next month - …………….. Next year - ………..

This place - …………………… Last night - ………………..

Next time - …………………….. Next holiday – …………………

- Past Simple của Must  Had to

Will  Would

Can  Could

May  Might

Should  vẫn là Should

Example : “You must wash your hands before eating ” the doctor said to me .

 The doctor said to me that I had to wash my hands before eating.

 “ Can you play Ice-skating ? ” that girl asked Jim .

 That girl asked Jim if / whether he could play Ice-skating .

“ Should I go and tell the police about this ? ” the man asked his wife

 The man asked his wife if/whether he should go and tell the police about
that .

* LƯU Ý: Các trường hợp KHÔNG lùi thì trong câu tường thuật:
a. Câu điều kiện loại 2 và 3
Nếu câu nói trực tiếp là câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3, ta chỉ thay đổi các đại từ, tình từ…mà không
đổi thì trong câu.
Ex: “If I were older, I would retire.”, he said.
He said if he were older, he would retire.
“If I had heard the whole story, I would have acted differently”, he said
He said that if he had heard the whole story, he would have acted differently.
b. Không thay đổ thì của động từ trong câu gián tiếp nếu có thời gian xác định trong quá khứ.
Ex. She said, ‘‘I was born in 1980’’
She said that she was born in 1980
c. Các động từ khiếm khuyết: could, would, might, ought to, should thường không thay đổi
trong câu tường thuật.
Ex. He said, ‘I might come’
He said that He might come’
d. Khi tường thuật cấu trúc: “It’s (high/ about) time”
Ex: She said; “It’s about time you went to bed; children”
 She told her children that It’s about time they went to bed

DIRECT INDIRECT
Simple present - V1 /Vs(es) Simple past – V2 / V-ed
Present progressive – am / is / are + V-ing Past progressive – was/were+Ving
Present perfect – have / has + V3/ed Past perfect – had + V3/ed
Present perfect progressive – have / has been +V-ing Past perfect progressive - had been + V-ing
Simple past – V2 / -ed Past perfect – had + V3/ed
Past progressive – was / were + V-ing Past perfect progressive – had been +V-ing
Simple future – will + V1 Future in the past - would + V1
Future progressive will be + V-ing Future progressive in the past - would be + V-ing

Section B : ( Nâng Cao )

- Apologized + To + SO + for doing / not - Offered + to do s.th for S.O / Offered +S.O

doing sth . + s.th

- Thanked + SO + for doing / not doing sth - Warned + SO + to do /not to do sth

- Congratulated + SO + on doing / not doing - Asked + SO + to do / not to do sth

sth - Suggested + Ving / Suggested + that + S.O

- Reminded + SO + to do / not to do sth + should + V1

 - Advised + SO + to do / not to do sth - Promised + to V

- Accused + SO + of doing / not doing sth - Dreamt of + Ving

- Invited + SO + to do sth - Expected + S.O + to V

- Denied + Ving = Refused + to V - Begged + S.O + to V

- Prevent + SO + from Ving - Ordered + S.O + to V

- Insisted on + Ving

EXERCISES
TYPE 1 : Normal Sentences :

1. Hoa said: “I don’t enjoy going to the dentist.”

→………………………………………………………………………………
2. Mr John said to us: “ I like your new ideas”
→………………………………………………………………………………………
3. He said: “I visited your parents last night, Lan”
→……………………………………………………………………………………
4. Mother said: “I want to tell you this story, Tuan”
→……………………………………………………………………………………
5. The teacher said to the students: “You must do your homework every day.”
………………………………………………………………………………
6. “I have only had this new computer since yesterday.” Lan said
…………………………………………………………………………………
7. She said: “My friends were singing when I came into the room.”
………………………………………………………

TYPE 2 : COMMANDS , REQUESTS :

1. “Please download the information from this file,” the director said to us.
The director told us ………………………………………………………
2. “Don’t come to my house without prior notice.” May’s colleague said to her.
May’s colleague told her ……………………………………………………
3. “Don’t turn on the indoor heater when nobody is there.” March’s mother said
March’s mother told him …………………………………………………….

4. Henry said to his mother, “Come and spend a week with us.”
Henry told ………………………………………………………………
5. He said to me, “Keep a seat for me in the theatre.”
He ………………………………………………………………..
6. Mike said to Henry, “Give me my book back, please.”
Mike ………………………………………………………….
7. "Don't play on the grass, boys," she said.
She ………………………………………………………….

TYPE 3 : WH questions :

1. The teacher said to Lien “What‘s your hobby?”

…………………………………………………..…………………………
2. “How do you go to the airport?” His friend asked him
……………………………………………….………………………………
3. “How much does this dress cost?” Lan asked Lien
…………………………………………………………………………………
4. Ba asked Tam “How often do you wash your clothes?”
……………………………………………………….…………………
5. The travelers asked: “How long does it take to get to London?”
The travelers asked……………………………………………………………….
6. She asked: “What time does the flight take off?”
She asked……………………………………………………………………….
7. “Whose bicycle did you borrow yesterday,” his mother asked him
His mother asked…………………………………………………………………….

TYPE 4 : YES NO QUESTIONS :

1. She asked him: “ Will it rain tonight?”

…………………………………………………………….………
2. I asked Hai: “ Do your father work in this company?”
…………………………………………………………….………
3. Mrs. Johnson said to Tim: “ Can you give me a hand?”
…………………………………………………………….………
4. “ Are you going to visit your aunt tomorrow, Hoa?” asked Tom
…………………………………………………………….………
5. “ Is this your father’s car?” the policeman asked Sandra.
…………………………………………………………….………
6. I asked Mary: “Do you know how far the swimming pool is?”
…………………………………………………………….………
7. “Did you phone me last night?” Tom asked Ann.
Tom asked………………………………………………………………

Part A :

1. “Open the door,” he said to them. TYPE2

-He told them............................................................................................................
2. “Where are you going?” he asked her.
-He asked her where.....................................................................................................
3. “Which way did they go?” he asked.
-He asked...................................................................................................................
4. “Bring it back if it doesn’t fit”, I said to her. TYPE2
-I told... .......................................................................................................................
5. “Don’t try to open it now,” she said to us. TYPE2
-She told... ...................................................................................................................
6. “Is it going to be a fine day today?” I asked her.
-I asked her....................................................................................................................
7. “He’s not at home”, she said. TYPE1
-She said that... ..............................................................................................................
8. “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked.
-The girl wanted to know............................................................................................. .
9. “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said. TYPE2
-Tom told Ann... ........................................................................................................ .
10. “Can I borrow your car,” he said to her.
-He asked....................................................................................................................
11. “Jean, have you seen my gloves?” Thomas asked.
-Thomas asked Jean.......................................................................................................
12. Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said. TYPE2
-I told Mary.... ..............................................................................................................
13. “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said. TYPE1
She said that.................................................................................................................
14. “I’ll pay him if I can” she said. TYPE1
-She said that................................................................................................................
15. “What are you going to do next summer?” she asked.
- She asked us...........................................................................................................
16. “ Thank you so much for this nice present on my birthday” Betty said to me .
………………………………………………………………………………
17. “ Don’t touch this electric wire , the electricity can kill” the electrician told Mary .
 The electrician warned ………………………………………………………………
18. “ Why don’t we have time at the cinema tonight ?” He said .
 He asked us ………………………………………………………………………..
He suggested …………………………………………………………………………
19. “Don’t forget to turn of the lights before you go out !” my mom told me .
 My mom reminded …………………………………………………………………….
20. “ I’m so sorry , I can’t come to your dinner cause I’m really busy now” Bob said .
Bob apologized ………………………………………………………………………….
21. “ Congratulations ! your performance is the best tonight” John said to Amy .
 John congratulated ……………………………………………………………………..
22. “Please clean and tidy your room carefully before you go out with friends”
 Lily’s mom asked ………………………………………………………………………..
23. “Would you like to have some beer , sir ?” The waiter asked Kelvin .
 The waiter offered ……………………………………………………………………….
24. “ Shall I go and make you an orange juice ?” Garvin’s girlfriend said to him .
 Garvin’s girlfriend offered …………………………………………………………………
25. “ I’m sorry I bring you the wrong dish , I will change you the right one ” He told me .
 He apologized ………………………………………………………………………………

Part B :

1. "Don't make so much noise now ," he said. TYPE 2

He ………………………………………………………..
2. “Why do you come home late tonight ,” James asked him.
James ………………………………………………………………….
3. I asked him: “How do you go to school next week ?”
I ………………………………………………………………
4. He said, "Don't go too far ." TYPE 2
He …………………………………………………………………..
5. “Do not forget what I said yesterday ,” she said to us. TYPE2
-She told.....................................................................................................................
6. “Do you like classical music?” he asked me.
__________________________________________________________
7. John said to Mary, “I will give you a new bike next summer.” TYPE 1
John told ……………………………………………………………….
8. “ Is there any information about the flight to New York next morning ?” Mrs. Hoa said.
…………………………………………………………………………………….
9. “Please open your book and write this down now ” Tom said. TYPE2
-Tom told Ann...............................................................................................................
10. “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her. TYPE2
-He asked........................................................................................................................
11. Jane said to me, "Where have you been all this time?"
……………………………………………………………………………….
12. “Let me know when you are done your hw, Mary”, I said. TYPE2
-I told Mary.... .................................................................................................................
13. "I cannot drive you home tonight ," he said to her. TYPE 1
He said …………………………………………………………..
14. Lan said : “I don’t know how to do these exercises”. TYPE 1
Lan said ……………………………………………………..
15. “What is your father doing in the kitchen , Kelvin ? ” she asked.
- She asked ................................................................................................................
16. “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack. TYPE1
-He told Jack that........................................................................................................
17. “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked.
-Tom asked Jean...............................................................................................................
18. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said. TYPE1
-He said that................................................................................................................
19. “Don’t keep the door locked tomorrow ,” he said to us. TYPE2
-He told us.....................................................................................................................
20. “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him.
-I asked him how long…………………………………………………………………..
21. “Are you going by train?” she asked me.
-She wanted to know.......................................................................................................
22. “Don’t use too much hot water today ,” she said to us. TYPE2
-She asked us...................................................................................................................
23. “Will you come to my party?” she said to me.
-She invited me..........................................................................................................
24. “Don’t do it again,” she said to them. TYPE2
She told them.......................................................................................................................
25. “ Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked.
-She asked.............................................................................................................................
26. “Don’t get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said. TYPE2
-She told.................................................................................................................................
27. “What do you want for lunch today, Peter?” Mary asked.
-Mary asked.........................................................................................................................
28. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter.
- Peter asked if .....................................................................................................................
29. “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager.
-The office manager wondered....….. ..................................................................................
30. “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John.
-John advised Elizabeth........................................................................................................
31. “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John.
-John accused.........................................................................................................................
32. “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary.
-Mary accused......................................................................................................................
33. “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse to Mrs. Bingley.
-The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley.............................................................................................
34. “You should take more exercise, Mr. Robert,” the doctor said.
-The doctor advised................................................................................................................
35. “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to himself.
-Tim wondered......................................................................................................................
36. “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan.
-Paul apologized...................................................................................................................
37. .“Why don’t we organize an English competition for our students?” said Ms Lien.
Ms Lien suggested ………………………………………………………..................................
Part C :

1. “Why don’t we organize an English competition for our students?” said Ms Lien.
Ms Lien suggested ………………………………………………………................................
2.“I’m sorry I’m late,’ said Mr Thanh.
Mr Thanh apologized ...………………………………………………..................................
3.“Me? No, I didn’t take Sue’s calculator,” Said Bob.
Bob denied ……………………………………………………..............................................
4.“You took my pencil,” said David to Henry.
David accused ………………………………………………………........................................
5.“I must see the manager,” he cried.
He insisted ………………………………………………………..............................................
2. “ You won the scholarship. Congratulation!” Mary told me.
Mary congratulated .………………………………………………….....................................
3. “It was kind of you to help me with my homework,” Lan said to Hoa.
Lan thanked ……………………………………………………….........................................
4. “Turn off the computer. You are not allowed to play game now,” Dick’s mother said to
him.
Dick’s mother prevented ...…………………………………...........................................
5. “I’m sorry that I broke the glass,” said Peter.
Peter apologized ………………………………………………………..................................
6. “Let’s invite Mr. Brown to the party next weekend,” he said.
He suggested ……………………………………………………….........................................
7. “You stole the jewels,” the inspector said to him.
The inspector accused .......………………………………………………................................
8. “I’m sorry I damaged your tape recorder, Mike,” said Bob.
Bob apologized ……………………………………………………….....................................
9. “It’s nice of you to invite me to lunch,” Bob said to John.
Bob thanked ………………………………………………........................................
10. Carol said, “What about going to the cinema this weekend, Max ?”
Carol suggested ………………………………………………………..................................
11. “I’m sorry I forgot your birthday,” Dave said Julia.
Dave apologized ………………………………………………………..................................
12. “Why didn’t you tell me the truth?” he said to me.
He accused ………………………………………………………..........................................
13. “Don’t go near that deserted house,” Tony said to Monica.
Tony warned ……………...……………………………………….........................................
14. “You cheated in the exam,” the teacher said to Jack.
The teacher accused ……………………………………………………….............................
15. “Great! You are well-dressed today, Mary,” Tommy said.
Tommy complimented …………………………………………………............................
16. “You have just got a promotion, haven’t you? Congratulation!” Peter said to her friend.
Peter congratulated ………………………………………………………................................
17. “You mustn’t get into this area,” the policeman said to them.
The policeman stopped ……………………………………………………….........................
18. “I didn’t say that last night,” Joan said.
Joan denied ……..………………………………………………...............................................
19. “I haven’t finished the assignment yet. I’m really sorry”.
The boy apologized .………………………………………………………..............................
20. “It’s you who took my bag,” the man said to the boy.
The man accused ………………………………………………………..................................
21. “No, no .I really must sit for the test,” Hilary said.
Hilary insisted …....………………………………………………….......................................
22. “What I always want is to become a doctor,” she said.
She dreamt ………………………………………………………...............................................
23. “I can’t let you use the mobile phone,” his mother said to him.
His mother prevented ……………………………………………………….......................
24. “I feel like going to America next month,” Margaret said.
Margaret looked forward to …………...……………………………………..........................
25. "I wish to speak English very fluently,” said Stella.
Stella dreamt ...........................................................................................................................
26. “I must go home now,” said Daisy
Daisy insisted .........................................................................................................................
27. "Sorry teacher, I didn't do the homework," Philip said to his teacher.
Philip apologized to ...............................................................................................................
28. “You didn’t pay attention to what I said,” the teacher said to him
The teacher accused ................................................................................................................
29. “I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations!” Mark said to us.
Mark congratulated ..................................................................................................................
30. “It was nice of you to visit me. Thank you,” Miss White said to Jack.
Miss White thanked .................................................................................................................
31. “I’ve always wanted to be rich” Bob said.
Bob dreamed ..............................................................................................................................
32. “Why don’t we go to the beach tonight for a change?” said Henry.
Henry suggested .......................................................................................................................
33. “Let me pay for the meal,” said Ben.
Ben insisted .............................................................................................................................
34. “Well done, Tom. You won the game,” said the teacher.
The teacher congratulated ....................................................................................................
35. “Beware of this bad road! It’s very dangerous to drive on it!” He said to us.
He warned .................................................................................................................................
36. “Remember to write to me soon,” she said to me.
She reminded ..............................................................................................................................
37. “You’d better spend more time learning to write,” I said to the boy.
I advised .....................................................................................................................................
38. “Would you like to have dinner with us tonight?” Mike said to Linda.
Mike invited ................................................................................................................................
39. “Don’t lean your bicycles against my windows, boys,” said the shopkeeper.
The shopkeeper warned .............................................................................................................
40. “Open the safe,” the robber said to the bank clerk.
The robber ordered ......................................................................................................................
41. “Leave this space clean, David,” she said.
She told .......................................................................................................................................
42. “Shall I open the window for you, Edna?” he said.
He offered ..................................................................................................................................
43. “I’ll wait for you. I promise,” he said to me.
He promised ................................................................................................................................
44. “Would you like to come with me?” John said to Mary.
John invited ................................................................................................................................
45. “Don’t forget to take the holiday,” Mark said to me.
Mark reminded me ......................................................................................................................
46. “You should take a holiday,” Jane said to David.
Jane advised ...............................................................................................................................
47. “I thought you took a holiday last summer,” Tom said to Sophia.
John expected Sophia ..................................................................................................................
48. “ You really must take a holiday, Linda,” Jim said.
Jim told .......................................................................................................................................
49. “Don’t touch that switch, Peter,” I said.
I warned .................................................................................................................................
50. “Read this document before you sign it,” he said to her.
He advised ................................................................................................................................
51. “Will you help me, please?” she said to me.
She asked .................................................................................................................................
52. “Please do as I say,” he said to me.
He begged .................................................................................................................................
53. “Don’t forget to prune the roses,” my aunt said to Alfred
My aunt reminded ....................................................................................................................
54. “Would you like me to help you with the cooking, Tom?” Laura said.
Laura offered ..............................................................................................................................