Graphs of Functions

PAST PAPERS

2016-2022

(Unsolved)
1 Thetablebelowisfory = x2 + x - 3.

x –3 –2 –1 0 1 2
y 3 –1 –3 –3 –1 3

(a) Usingascaleof2cmto1unitonthex-axisfor - 3 G x G 2 
andascaleof1cmto1unitonthey-axisfor - 4 G y G 4 ,
plotthepointsfromthetableandjointhemwithasmoothcurve.
y

[2]

(b) (i) Useyourgraphtoestimatethesolutionsoftheequation x 2 + x - 3 = 0 .

Answer x=................or................ [1]

(ii) Useyourgraphtoestimatethesolutionsoftheequation x 2 + x - 5 = 0 .

Answer x=................or................ [2]

© UCLES 2016 4024/21/M/J/16

 (c) Bydrawingatangent,estimatethegradientofthecurveat^1, –1h.

Answer ........................................... [2]

(d) Theequation x 2 - x - 1 = 0 canbesolvedbydrawingastraightlineonthegraphof

y = x 2 + x - 3.

(i) Findtheequationofthisstraightline.

Answer ........................................... [2]

(ii) Drawthisstraightlineandhencesolve x 2 - x - 1 = 0 .

Answer x=................or................ [2]

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2 The table below is for y = x 3 - 3x - 1 .

x –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
y –19 –3 1 –1 –3 1

(a) Complete the table. [1]

(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = x 3 - 3x - 1 .

y

18

16

14

12

10

x
–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
–2

–4

–6

–8

–10

–12

–14

–16

–18

–20
[3]
© UCLES 2017 4024/21/M/J/17
 (c) Use your graph to solve x 3 - 3x - 1 = 0 .

Answer x = ..................................... [2]

(d) Use your graph to estimate the gradient of the curve when x = -1.5 .

Answer ........................................... [2]

(e) (i) On the grid draw the graph of y = 4x + 3 . [1]

(ii) The line y = 4x + 3 and the curve y = x 3 - 3x - 1 can be used to solve the equation
x 3 = ax + b .

Find the values of a and b.

Answer a = ............... b = ............... [2]

(iii) Use your graph to find one of the negative solutions of x 3 = ax + b .

Answer x = ..................................... [1]

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3
3

The diagram shows the net of an open box of height 3 cm.

The area of the base of the box is 15 cm2.
The length of the rectangular base is x cm.
The total area of the net is A cm2.
90
(a) Show that A = 15 + 6x + .
x

[2]

(b) Graham has one of these open boxes.

The total area of the net of his box is 65 cm2.

Write down an equation in x and solve it to find the length of the base of Graham’s box.
Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places.

Answer .................................... cm [4]

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 90
(c) (i) Complete the table below for A = 15 + 6x + .
x

x 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

A 72 63 61.5 63 66 69.9

[1]
90
(ii) Draw the graph of A = 15 + 6x + for 2 G x G 8 .
x
A
80

78

76

74

72

70

68

66

64

62

60
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
[2]

(iii) Delilah has one of these open boxes.

The area of the net of her box is 68 cm2.

Use your graph to find the length and width of Delilah’s box.

Answer length ......................... cm

width ......................... cm [2]

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 x2
4 (a) Complete the table for y = - 3x + 2 .
2

x -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
y 2 –0.5 –2 –2.5 –2 –0.5 2
[1]

x2
(b) Draw the graph of y = - 3x + 2 for -1 G x G 7 .
2
y
6

–1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x

–2

–4
[3]

(c) By drawing a tangent, estimate the gradient of the curve at x = 1.5 .

Answer ........................................... [2]

© UCLES 2018 4024/22/M/J/18

 (d) Complete these inequalities to describe the range of values of x where y H 0.

Answer x G .....................................

x H ..................................... [2]

(e) (i) On the same grid, draw the line 4y + 3x = 12 . [2]

(ii) The x-coordinates of the points of intersection of this line and the curve are the solutions of
the equation 2x2 + Ax + B = 0 .

Find the value of A and the value of B.

Answer A = ....................................

B = .................................... [2]

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 Each question in this section carries 12 marks.

5 (a) (i) The points (4, -3) and (0, 5) lie on the line L.

Find the equation of line L.

Answer ........................................... [2]

(ii) The line M is parallel to line L and passes through the point (-2, 3).

Find the equation of line M.

Answer ........................................... [2]

3
(b) The table below shows some values of x and the corresponding values of y for y = x + - 3.
x

x 0.5 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6

y 3.5 1 0.5 0.5 1 1.75 2.6

(i) Complete the table. [1]

© UCLES 2017 4024/21/O/N/17

 (ii) Using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on both axes, draw a horizontal x-axis
for 0 G x G 7 and a vertical y-axis for 0 G y G 4.
3
Draw the graph of y = x + - 3 for 0.5 G x G 6.
x

[3]

(iii) By drawing a tangent, estimate the gradient of the curve at (1, 1).

Answer ........................................... [2]

3
(iv) Use your graph to solve the equation x + = 5.
x

Answer x = ................. or ................. [2]

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 x2
6 (a) The variables x and y are connected by the equation y = 3 + x - .
2
Some corresponding values of x and y are given in the table below.

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
y -1 1.5 3 3.5 3 1.5 -1

(i) Complete the table. [1]

(ii) Using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit, draw a horizontal x-axis for -3 G x G 5.

Using a scale of 1 cm to 1 unit, draw a vertical y-axis for -5 G y G 5.
x2
Draw the graph of y = 3 + x - for -3 G x G 5.
2

[3]

(iii) By drawing a tangent, estimate the gradient of the curve at (3, 1.5).

Answer ........................................... [2]

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 x2
(iv) The points of intersection of the graph of y = 3 + x - and the line y = k are
2
the solutions of the equation 10 + 2x - x 2 = 0 .

(a) Find the value of k.

Answer ........................................... [1]

(b) By drawing the line y = k on your graph, find the solutions of the equation
10 + 2x - x 2 = 0 .

Answer ........................................... [2]

(b) This is a sketch of the graph of y = pax, where a 2 0.

The graph passes through the points (0, 4) and (2, 36).

(2, 36)

(0, 4)
x
O

(i) Write down the value of p.

Answer ........................................... [1]

(ii) Find the value of a.

Answer ........................................... [1]

(iii) The graph passes through the point (4, q).

Find the value of q.

Answer ........................................... [1]

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 x
7 (a) Complete the table for y = (6 + 2 x - x 2 ) .
5

x –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4
y 5.4 0.8 –0.6 0 1.4 2.4 1.8
[1]

x
(b) Draw the graph of y = (6 + 2 x - x 2 ) for - 3 G x G 4 .
5

y
6

–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 x

–2

–4
[3]

© UCLES 2018 4024/21/O/N/18

 x
(c) By drawing a tangent, estimate the gradient of y = (6 + 2 x - x 2 ) at (–2, 0.8).
5

Answer ........................................... [2]

(d) Use your graph to solve the equation x (6 + 2 x - x 2 ) = 10 .

Answer ........................................... [3]

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8 Zara fences off a piece of land next to a wall to make a vegetable garden.

Wall

Vegetable garden x

The garden is a rectangle with the wall as one side of the rectangle.
The area of the garden is 18 square metres.
The width of the garden is x metres.

(a) The total length of fencing required for the garden is y metres.
18
Show that y = 2x + .
x

[1]

18
(b) (i) Complete the table for y = 2x + .
x

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
y 12 12.5 13.6 15 16.6 18.3
[2]

© UCLES 2018 4024/22/O/N/18

 18
(ii) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 2x + for 1 G x G 9 .
x

y
25

20

15

10

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
[3]

(c) Use your graph to find the two possible widths of the garden if 14 metres of fencing is used.

Answer ................. m or ................. m [2]

(d) The fencing costs $20 per metre.

(i) Find the minimum amount it will cost Zara to build the fence.

Answer $ ........................................... [2]

(ii) Zara wants to spend no more than $350 on the fence.

Find the greatest possible width of the garden Zara can make.

Answer �������������������������������������� m [2]

© UCLES 2018 4024/22/O/N/18

 2
9 The table shows some values for y = 1 + , given correct to 2 decimal places where appropriate.
x

x 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
y 5 3 2 1.67 1.5 1.4 1.33 1.29

(a) Complete the table. [1]

2
(b) Draw the graph of y = 1 + for 0.5 G x G 8 .
x
y
5

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x

[2]

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 2
(c) The line L crosses the graph of y = 1 + at x = 2 and x = 5.
x
Find the equation of L.

.................................................... [3]
1 2
(d) A line with gradient - crosses the graph of y = 1 + when x = 1 and when x = k.
3 x
By drawing a suitable line on your grid, find k.

k = ................................................... [2]

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10 (a) Complete the table for y = x + 2 .
4 x
The values of y are given correct to 2 decimal places where appropriate.

x 0.5 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 7
y 4.13 2.25 1.71 1.5 1.42 1.5 1.65 1.83
[1]
x 2
(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = + for 0.5 G x G 7 .
4 x
y
6

0 x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
[3]

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 x 2
(c) By drawing a tangent, estimate the gradient of y = + when x = 1.
4 x

................................................. [2]

(d) (i) On the grid, draw the graph of 2y + x = 6 .

[2]

(ii) Write down the x-coordinates of the points of intersection of the graphs of 2y + x = 6 and
x 2
y= + .
4 x

x = ................. and x = ................. [2]

(iii) These x-coordinates are the solutions of the equation 3x 2 + Ax + B = 0 .

x 2
Use 2y + x = 6 and y = + to find the value of A and the value of B.
4 x

A = .................................................

B = ................................................. [3]

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 x3
11 (a) Complete the table for y = 3 + 2x - .
5

x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

y 7.8 2.4 0.6 1.2 3 4.8 5.4 3.6

[1]

x3
(b) Draw the graph of y = 3 + 2x - for - 4 G x G 4 .
5
y
9

–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 x
–1

–2

–3
[3]

© UCLES 2019 4024/22/O/N/19

 x3
(c) By drawing a tangent, estimate the gradient of the graph of y = 3 + 2x - at (1, 4.8).
5

.................................................... [2]

(d) (i) On the grid, draw the line 2y + x = 8 .

[2]
x3
(ii) Write down the x-coordinates of the points where the line intersects the graph of y = 3 + 2x - .
5

............................................................................. [2]

(iii) These x-coordinates are the solutions of the equation 2x 3 + Ax + B = 0 .

Find the value of A and the value of B.

A = ...................................................

B = ................................................... [3]

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 3
12 (a) Complete the table for y =- x + 3x + 1.
2

x -3 -2 -1.5 -1 0 1 1.5 2 3
y -1 -1.8 -1.5 1 3.5 3.8 3 -3.5
[1]

x3
(b) Draw the graph of y =- + 3x + 1 for - 3 G x G 3.
2

y
6

0 x
–3 –2 –1 1 2 3
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6
[3]

© UCLES 2021 3171/22/M/J/21

 (c) By drawing a tangent, estimate the gradient of the curve at x = 2.

................................................. [2]
x3
(d) By drawing a suitable line on the grid, estimate the solutions of the equation + 1 = 2x .
2

x = .................... , x = .................... , x = .................... [4]

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13 (a) Complete the table of values for y = x 3 - 4x + 3.

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
y 3 6 3 0 3 18
[1]

(b) Draw the graph of y = x 3 - 4x + 3 for - 3 G x G 3.

y
20

15

10

–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 x

–5

– 10

– 15

– 20
[3]

(c) By drawing a suitable straight line on your graph, find the solutions of the equation x 3 - 4x - 2 = 0 .

x = .................... or x = .................... or x = .................... [3]

© UCLES 2022 4024/21/M/J/22
14

x
x

A cuboid has height h cm and a square base of edge x cm.

The volume of the cuboid is 60 cm3.
240
(a) Show that the surface area, A cm2, of the cuboid is given by A = 2x 2 + .
x

[2]
240
(b) Complete the table for A = 2x 2 + .
x

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A 242 128 98 92 132 158
[2]

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 240
(c) On the grid, draw the graph of A = 2x 2 + for 1 G x G 8 .
x
A
260

240

220

200

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
[3]

(d) Find the minimum possible surface area of the cuboid.

.......................................... cm2 [1]

(e) The cuboid has a surface area of 120 cm2.

The height of the cuboid is greater than the length of the edge of its base.

Find the dimensions of the cuboid.

.................... cm by .................... cm by .................... cm [3]

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 x3
15 The graph of y = - 3x + 2 is drawn on the grid.
5

–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 x
–1

–2

–3

(a) By drawing a tangent, estimate the gradient of the curve at x = - 1.

................................................. [2]
x3
(b) By drawing a suitable straight line on the graph, find the solutions of the equation - 3x = 0 .
5

............................................................................... [3]

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