CONTENTS

S.NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

1 Abstract
2 Table of contents
3 List of contents
4 List of figures
5 List of tables
6 List of graphs
7 List of abbreviations
 LIST OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE NO
NO
1 CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Definition 11
1.2 Project Objectives 11
1.3 Project Specifications 11
1.4 Product Architecture and Components 12
1.5 Applications 12
2 CHAPTER-2 METHODOGY
2.1 History 14
2.1.1 System Design and Component Selection 14
2.1.2 Hardware Integration 14
2.1.3 Software Development 14
2.1.4 Navigation and Localization 14
2.1.5 Cleaning Mechanism 15
2.1.6 Testing and Validation 15
2.1.7 Field Trials and Optimization 15
2.1.8 Documentation and Dissemination 15
3 CHAPTER-3 LITERATURE REVIEW
3.1 Project background 17
3.2 3.2 Previous Work 17
3.2.1 Previous Projects 1 17
3.2.2 Previous Projects 2 18
3.2.3 Previous Projects 3 18
3.2.4 Previous Projects 4 19
3.3 Comparative Study 20
4 CHAPTER-4 EXISTING METHOD
4.1 Open-Source Arduino-Based Solar Panel 21
Cleaning Robot
4.2 Commercial Arduino-Powered Solar Panel 21
Cleaning Robot
4.3 Research Prototype of Arduino-Controlled Solar 21
Panel Cleaning Robot
4.4 Community-Based Collaborative Development 21
of Arduino Solar Panel Cleaning Robots
4.5 Integration of Arduino with Other Platforms for 21
Solar Panel Cleaning Robots
 5 CHAPTER-5 PROPOSED SYSTEM
5.1 Introduction To Proposed System 24
5.2 System Overview 24
5.3 Hardware Design 24
5.4 Arduino Control System 24
5.5 Navigation and Localization 24
5.6 Cleaning Mechanism 24
5.7 Power Management 25
5.8 Experimental Validation 25
5.9 Conclusion and Future Work 25
5.10 References 25
5.11 Block diagram 26
5.12 Hardware 26
5.13 Software 26
5.12.1 Power Supply Unit 26
5.12.2 Arduino UNO microcontroller 27-30
5.12.3 LCD 16x2 Display 30-33
5.12.4 Solar panel 34-35
5.12.5 Bluetooth module 35-38
5.12.6 Motor drive 38-41
5.12.7 Relay module 41-46
5.13 Software 46
5.13.1 Arduino IDE 1.8.16 46-52
5.13.2 Embedded C Language 52
5.13.2.1 What is C Language? 53
5.13.2.2 What is an Embedded C Programming 53
5.13.2.3 Embedded System Programming 54
5.13.2.4 Steps to Build an Embedded C Program 54
5.13.2.5 Comments 54
5.13.2.6 Single Line Comment 55
5.13.2.7 Multi-Line Comment 55
5.13.2.8 Directives of Processor 55-56
5.13.2.9 Configuration of Port 56-57
5.13.2.10 Core Function / Main Function 58
5.13.2.11 Declaration of Variable 58-59
5.13.2.12 Main Factors of Embedded C Program 59-60
5.13.2.13 Advantages 60
5.13.2.14 Disadvantages 60
5.13.2.15 Applications of Embedded C Program 60
 6 CHAPTER-6 DESIGN &
IMPLEMENTATION
6.1 Block diagram 62
6.2 Working & results 63
6.2.1 Experimental Analysis 63
6.2.2 Important Formulas 63
6.2.3 Calculation 63
6.2.4 Results 64
6.2.5 Calculated Real Power and Percentage of 64-65
Improvement
6.3 Source code 66-69
7 CHAPTER-7 ADVANTAGES,
DISADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS
7.1 Advantages 71
7.2 Disadvantages 71
7.3 Applications 71-72
8 CHAPTER-7 CONCLUSION, FUTURE
SCOPE & REFERENCES
8.1 Conclusion 74
8.2 Future scope 74
8.3 References 74
 LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
1 Product Architecture and Components 12
2 Solar Brush UAV Panel 18
3 Ecopia Solar Cleaning System 18
4 Nomad Solar Cleaning System 19
5 Support Vehicle Based Solar Panel Cleaning 20
System
6 Arduino UNO R3 27
7 16X2 LCD 31
8 LCD-16×2-pin-diagram 32
9 Solar Panel 34
10 Bluetooth Pin out 35
11 Bluetooth Working 38
12 L298N Motor Driver Chip 40
13 L298N Motor Driver Chip 41
14 Control high voltage devices with relay module 41
15 Relay module 42
16 Grove Relay 43
17 Grove -2-channel SPDT Relay 44
18 Water pump 45
19 USB Cable 46
20 Mini A-B Cable 47
21 Cad Design 62
22 Project Preparation 63
23 Solar Panel 63
24 Graph 65
25 Cleaning The Solar Panel 65
26 Solar Panel Cleaning Robot 65
 LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
1 Pin configuration of Bluetooth 36
2 Voltage and current 64
3 Real Power and Percentage of Improvement 64
 LIST OF GRAPHS
GRAPH NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
1 Real Power and Percentage of Improvement 65
graph
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
UAV Unmanned aerial vehicle
PWM Pulse width modulation
RPS Regulated power supply
GND Ground
SPI Serial peripheral interface
LED Light-emitting diode
TWI Two-wire interface
AREF Analogue references
UART Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter
MOSI Master out slave in
MISO Master in slave out
SCK Serial clock
IDE Integrated development environment
LCD Liquid crystal display)
VCC Voltage common collector
VEE Voltage at common emitter
AC Alternating current
DC Direct current
ESP Espressif modules
SPST Single pole single throw
SPDT Single pole - double throw