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Dictionary 114722

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20 views2 pages

Dictionary 114722

Uploaded by

pammia243
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Dictionary

Dictionary is a data structure in which we store values as a pair of key and value. Each key is separated
from its value by a colon (:), and consecutive items are separated by commas. The entire items in a
dictionary are enclosed in curly brackets “{}”.

• Duplicate keys are not allowed but values can be duplicate.


• Heterogeneous objects are allowed for both keys and values.
• Dictionaries are mutable.
• Dictionaries are dynamic.
• Indexing and slicing concepts are not applicable.
Note: Dictionary keys are case-sensitive. Two keys with the same name but in different case are not the
same in python.
Syntax:
dictionary_name = {key_1 : value_1, key_2 : value_2, key_3 : value_3}
Creating a dictionary:

• To create an empty dictionary, just write the following line of code


d = {} or d = dict()
Output: {}
• A dictionary can also be created by specifying key_value pairs separated by a colon in curly
brackets as shown below.
Example:
d = {"Name" : "John", "Roll_no" : 45, "class" : "B.Tech"}
print(d)
Output: {'Name': 'John', 'Roll_no': 45, 'class': 'B.Tech'}

• To create a dictionary with one or more key_value pairs you can also use the dict() function. The
dict() creates a dictionary directly from a sequence of key value pairs.
Example:
d = dict([("Name", "John"), ("Roll_no", 45), ("class", "B.Tech")])
print(d)
Output: {'Name': 'John', 'Roll_no': 45, 'class': 'B.Tech'}

• A dictionary comprehension is a syntactic construct which creates a dictionary based on existing


dictionary.
Syntax:
d = {expression for variable in sequence [if condition]}
Example: Program to create 10 key-value pairs where key is a number in the range 1-10 and the
value is twice the number.
d = {x : 2*x for x in range(1,10)}
print(d)
Output: {1: 2, 2: 4, 3: 6, 4: 8, 5: 10, 6: 12, 7: 14, 8: 16, 9: 18}
Accessing Values:
To access values in a dictionary, square brackets are used along with the key to obtain its value.
Example:
d = {"Name" : "John", "Roll_no" : 45, "class" : "B.Tech"}
print(d["Name"])
print(d["Roll_no"])
Output: John
45
Note: If the specified key is not available in the dictionary, a keyError is generated.
Example:
d = {"Name" : "John", "Roll_no" : 45, "class" : "B.Tech"}
print(d["Subject"])

Output: KeyError: 'Subject'

print(d["John"])
Output: KeyError: 'John'

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