TDS Software Ver 1.0.

61
Best Software for Calculation of Power Transformers
From .4KV to 750Kv and 2MVA to 600MVA

Developer: Mehdy anasory

 System Requirements
Minimum requirements are as bellow
Operating System: Windows 2000 professional is preferred or XP as an alternative.
RAM: Minimum 512K
CPU: Pentium III or More
Screen area setting: 1024 * 768
Important: In XP system change appearance setting to Conventional windows.
 Summary of Capabilities of TDS Ver 1.0.61

General task of software:

Inputs Summary data of transformer and software create detailed inputs according to data base setups that included in software.
Software creates total Practical Variants that Satisfies Limits and orders of User. This limit defines as setups for software according to workshop limits or
other matters.
Created variants can be sorted by very parameters that generated by software like TOC (Total ownership cost), Weight of core, weight of total
transformer, Height of transformer; Local target for TOC in windings is (A*Gcu + C*PK + E * Gpsp + F*Gpap) and local Target for TOC in core is
(B*GFE + D*P0). Software Combine local optimization in two steps of analyzing.
After sorting, the best design can be choice by user as final design. Out put of soft ware includes a lot of information about details of transformer that may
be quoted to customer.
1. Transformer Types: This Software can Calculate Power Transformers from .4KV to 750KV and 2MVA to 600MVA with all type of autotransformer or Separate
Type Connections. All type of winding arrangements with all type of on load or off load connections of Tap changer to tap windings is Possible
2. Core Types: All Three phase and One Phase Core Types with Free choice of Number of Wounded limbs or Unwounded Limbs.
3. Winding arrangements: all windings can be arranged in all radial positions.
4. Windings Type: Type of windings as bellow could be Designed by this software:
Disk
Layer
Helical
IL
ILM
IL Helical
ILM Parallel
5. Series and parallel Parts of windings: all Windings Could be Connected in Series parts on Different limbs or parallel parts on Different limbs or Series parts
on same limbs or parallel parts on same limbs.
6. Tap changer Classes: Tap Changer Could is connected to tap windings as list below:
Bridge
Coarse-Fine
Reverse
Linear
7. Auto create load modes : All load modes (Loading Sequence) create automatically by software. Software can calculate losses, temperatures, magnetic
field ... In any load mode.
8. Auto create connection Mode : All connection mode of tap windings to main windings in different tap position create automatically for Calculation of
Impedance Voltages between all Terminals in all Tap positions.
9. Auto create short circuit modes : All short circuit modes could be Create Automatically by software. This Mode Use for Calculation of Short circuit
Stabilities of winding , Number of Supporting plates , ... .;
10. Engine analyzing: Automatic analyzing of Transformer for reaching to define characteristics like Impedance voltage, Losses, and all other User defined
Limits.
11. Library analyzing: Library analyzing of Transformer is a very powerful and Flexible tool for Refining and doing more calculation for engine based design.
12. Optimization in two steps:
Automatic analyzing in step: software in step 1 of automatic analyzing find best cooling channels position inside core for best temperature distribution in
every variant in different parts of core stack between two axial cooling channels of core.
Automatic analyzing in step: software in step 2 of automatic analyzing find best wire, turn of windings, width of windings, Height of windings, Losses... for
TOC calculation.
13. Segment base calculation for sub programs and exact calculation: Software automatically create segments corresponding to windings for exact
calculation in short circuit forces, eddy losses of windings...
14. Magnetic field calculation in any load mode .
15. Eddy losses of tank and yoke beams, pressing plates, hot spot point ... in any load mode .
16. Short circuit calculation forces in any short circuit mode .
17. Calculation of voltage, current, current phase angle in all bushings in any short circuit mode.
18. Connection mode calculation
19. Automatic check inputs for not defined or mistakes.
20. Automatic check filtering results according to input data : this tool in automatic analyzing in step2 show filter levels graph of output corresponded to
input data. for example if desired Impedance voltage in a connection mode be very low or very high and software couldn't reach any result automatically , this
graph show 100% filtering for this matter.
21. Calculation of inrush current.
22. Auto analyze phase connection for create desired Vector Group
23. Calculation over loading Guide for Normal Cyclic loading and long time emergency loading
24. Auto analyze connection to tap changer to winding
25. Auto suggestion tap changer class
26. Add or remove user for user list with Personal password for each user
 How to use software step by step
Step 1: Create new design
o From menu file press menu new. Software create new design with default parameters. Software use general setup parameters menu for
create default parameters of new design.
Step 2: In menu initialization \ Transformer general characteristics input general information about transformer. Guaranty values for Temperature rise
and BIL values for line and neutral could be suggested in this menu.
Step 3 : In menu initialization \ Construction parameters input or Choose important values like Winding arrangements , tap changer class , Tap changer
connection to windings, .....This stage is very important for next stage of input date. If some parameters change UN this stage, next stages must be re check
and re input.
Step 4: Input parameters in menu initialization \ connection mode setup.
Step 5: Input parameters in menu initialization \ load mode setup.
Step 6: Input parameters in menu initialization \ Short circuit mode setup.
Step 7: Input parameters in menu initialization \ General details.
Step 8: Open menu Analyzing \ Engine and do Sub design steps.
Step 9: Open menu Analyzing \ Design library and do Sub design steps. This Step is optional step for create design manually or refine engine created
designs. Also this step is entrance step for using of library design tools.
 Transformer general characteristics
In this Menu user input general characteristics of Transformer with software guide.
 Construction explorer
Notice: This is a special help defines current version and future progress construction of transformer parts could be used in design.
As an example can see core losses curve used in software for calculation on no load losses in construction explorer bellow:
 General Construction
• Windings and terminals :
o Terminals: This software can design transformer with two or three terminals. HV, LV terminals are defined for two terminal transformers and
HV, LV; TW terminals are defined for three terminal transformers.
o Windings: This software can design up to transformer with five windings. This windings name are TW, US, OS, GROB, and FEIN. TW
winding is belonging to TW terminal and US winding is belong to LV terminal and OS winding is belong to HV terminal. If tap changer is
belong to HV terminal then GROB and FEIN winding are belong to HV terminal and also If tap changer is belong to LV terminal then GROB
and FEIN winding are belong to LV terminal . In auto transformers US winding is Series winding and OS winding is Parallel winding.
ƒ In auto transformers GROB and FEIN connected to Series and Parallel windings depending to connection type of tap changer to
windings . User can see this connection in menu Initialization\Construction parameters after pressing button " Auto analyze
connection to windings "
ƒ US, OS windings could be DISK or LAYER or HELICAL or IL type and GROB, FEIN windings could be IL or ILM or ILM parallel or IL
HELICAL type.
o Voltage variation: In this software voltage variation can be defined for HV or LV terminal and also transformer without voltage variation
(without tap changer) can be designed.
 Construction parameters
In this form Input important structural parameters with following steps:
1. Choosing tap changer type and class by pressing "<Tap changer " bottom and use tap changer consulter tool .
2. Choosing tap changer connection to windings by pressing "< Auto analyze connection to winding " button
3. Choose winding arrangement: This parameter is very important for designing of transformer. Number 1 define first winding and 2 define second
winding ... etc.
4. Chose winding direction and connection of phase to each other with pressing " Auto analyze phase vector group "
5. Number of actual steps of Fein tap windings : Soft ware automatically suggest minimum number of making steps of Fein windings but in some
cases number of steps of Fein is very low and height of winding differ very high from other windings. In this case user can change number of Fein
steps.
6. Number of actual steps of GROB tap windings: Soft ware automatically suggest minimum number of making steps of GROB windings.
7. Input AWF , AWR , CPO , CPU
 General details
Some parameters are set previously when Create new design. Other parameters in this menu must be in step1 and step2 and some parameters set manually
by user. All parameters could be changed manually by user.
• Follow Step1 , Step2 , Step3 , Step4 , Step5 , and Step6 for Complete values of this step.
Step1: Press button "Set with default value": Default value in menu Setup \ General transfer to winding by this action.
Step2: Press button "Set with design value". This action set parameters
o Maximum phase current
o Minimum phase current
o Base phase current
o Phase current factor
o Maximum Ky ( Come from load mode setup )
Step3: In this Version some parameters must be set manually as bellow:
1. Min AU
2. Min AO
3. Zi
4. Zit
5. Maximum UAA
6. Minimum UAA
7. AW
Step4: Input General Characteristics. Capitalize costs (TOC), tank inner surface shielding, general limits for weights, Tank shield and cooling system
adjustment (ER / HW ) is defined

Step5: Input Winding

Characteristics.
Step6: input core characteristics.
 General parameters information

General parameters
Transformer type:
1. Separate winding
2. Auto transformer
TOC : Total ownership cost
N-Phase Definition : Number of transformer phases.
Number of Field : number of division consider on winding and spacers and supports and strip bars.
P0 : No load losses of transformer.
PK : load losses of winding or segment.
PZ : Additional losses appear in loading of transformer like losses in Tank surfaces, Tank shielding, yoke beams, pressing
plates, welding points...
Auto connection factor : This value creates automatically by software and depended to Connection on windings in auto transformer. In separate
winding transformers this value is 1

Cooling types:
1. ONAN
2. ONAN / ONAF

SN : Number of segments
Gcu : Weight of conductors in segment or total windings. (Normally copper)
VW : Volt per turn
Impedance voltage (UK) : Per unit impedance of Transformer.
CPO : Thickness of top pressing ring that come into core window from top yoke.
CPU : Thickness of bottom pressing ring that come into core window from top yoke.
Practical distance between two fields: indicate spacers and Supports and strip bars distance on windings. Normally spacers and Supports and strip bars
locate on field division.
UAA : Height difference from previous winding.
Taped : If tap turn located on winding this parameter is ' Yes ' else this parameter is ' No’
ER/HW : This parameter defines cooling system adjustment respect to height of windings.
 Windings parameters

Epoxy resin bonding : Wire lack if made of epoxy resin.

Winding category:
1. Main
2. Tap.
3. Auxiliary
Taped : If tap turn located inside winding this parameter will be "YES"
Rad-Cool : If winding have radial cooling duct this parameter is "Yes"
AX-Cool : If winding have axial cooling duct this parameter is "Yes"
Wire type:
1. Transposed
2. Flat
3. Twin , Triple , ...
NSPDL : Number of series parts belongs to a winding in different limbs.
NSPSL : Number of series parts belongs to a winding in same limbs.
NPPDL : Number of parallel parts belongs to a winding in different limbs.
NPPSL : Number of parallel parts belongs to a winding in same limbs.
HSol : Physical Height of winding or segment after pressing.
HM : Magnetic (Electrical) Height of winding or segment after pressing.
DI : Inner diameter of winding or segment.
BW : Width of winding or segment.
AW : Radial distance to previous Winding or Core.
Ibase : Base current for calculation of current density
Ib.Fac : Factor multiplies to Base current for calculation of current density.
J : Current density.
F.F : Filling factor.
Physical Turn : Making turn of winding. This value may be different from electrical turn.
Electrical turn : Number of turns that carry voltage or current.
AU : Distance of bottom edge of segment or winding to top edge of bottom yoke.
AO : Distance of top edge of segment or winding to bottom edge of bottom yoke.
Gcu : Weight of segment or winding.
WA1 : Number of axial turn in of cylinder.
WR1 : Number of radial turn of cylinder.
WA2 : Number of axial turn cylinder.
WR2 : Number of radial turn in of cylinder.
BA.WA : Total number of backward turn in winding. (Note: BA.WA= PHYSICAL TURN - WA1*WR1 + WA2*WR2 )
PDA : Number of axial wire carrying current. .
PDR : Number of radial wire carrying current.
PDAW : Number of axial wire is wounded together.
PDRW : Number of radial wire is wounded together.
Hot : Blank height of elementary conductor
Bot : Blank width of elementary conductor
Qdt : Cross section on elementary conductor.
NT : Number of elementary conductor in a bundle (Like transposed wire or Twin wire)
BD : Isolated height of bundle
HD : Height of elementary conductor
B-Lac : Effective thickness of conductor lack in radial direction
H-Lac : Effective thickness of conductor lack in axial direction
Zi : Paper thickness insulation of bundle.
Zit : Paper thickness insulation of bundle
Sz : inter layer of press board or hard paper between elementary conductor (Normally in transposed and in axial direction)
S1 : Height of Normal Spacers or Fillers with sign S1
Ns1 : Number of Normal Spacers or Fillers with sign S1
S2 : Height of Normal Spacers or Fillers with sign S2
Ns2 : Height of Normal Spacers or Fillers with sign S2
S3 : Spacers or Fillers for Tap Leads Spacing
Ns3 : Number of Spacers or Fillers for Tap Leads Spacing
S4 : Height of Normal Spacers or Fillers with sign S4
Ns4 : Number of Normal Spacers or Fillers with sign S4
S5 : Spacers or Fillers for Transposition Channel or For Spacing
Ns5 : Number of Spacers or Fillers for Transposition Channel or for spacing.
AIF : Axial interleaved factor.
RIF : Radial interleaved factor.
P.M.P : Height of press board located in middle of part.
P.B.P : Height of press board located between two parts.
SLZ1 : Thickness of press board cylinder placed on inner diameter of cylinder
SLZ2 : Thickness of press board cylinder placed inside of cylinder
SLZ3 : Thickness of press board cylinder placed on outer diameter of cylinder
PAPcom : Compression factor of paper.
PSPCom : Compression factor of press board.
W.I.S : Width of inside diameter strip bars.
N.I.S : Number of inside diameter strip bars.
W.O.S : Width of outside diameter strip bars.
N.O.S : Number of outside diameter strip bars.
BK1 : Width of axial cooling oil duct inside diameter of winding.
BK2 : Width of axial cooling oil duct outside diameter of winding.
NRK : Number of radial wire located between two axial cooling oil ducts.
NSK : Number of axial wire located between two radial cooling oil ducts.
Ra-NM : Number of radial cooling surface for one winding or cylinder.
AX-NM : Number of axial cooling surface for one winding or cylinder.
NBoil : Number of axial cooling oil duct.
Boil : Width of axial cooling oil duct.
NHoil : Number of radial cooling oil duct or number created space in axial direction without any cooling effect.
Hoil : Height of radial cooling oil duct or height of created space in axial direction without any cooling effect.
EF.BOIL : Effective axial cooling duct in temperature rise calculation.
CAL-FV [KN] : Calculated FV (Workshop per pressing force act on winding)
CAL-FE [KN] : Calculated FE (Workshop final pressing force act on winding)
ACC-FV [KN] : Accepted FV by considering minimum acceptable axial stress by FV.
ACC-FE [KN] : Accepted FE by considering minimum acceptable axial stress by FE
SIG-FV [KV] : Axial Stress caused by accepted FV.
SIG-FE [KN] : Axial Stress caused by accepted FE.
NAA : Number of spacers.
BAA : Width of spacers.
R [Mohm] : Resistance of segment of winding.
NDPS : Number of disk(s) that create one step. (This parameter only define for disk type windings that have tap disks.)
NU.make step : Number of steps that must be create by tap disk or step turns of tap winding.
T.L.E.D : If this parameter be "Yes" then all tap leads in disk type winding must go out from extreme turn of disks. This means
Wstep must be a multiple of turn of disk (WR1 or WR2).
MIN. Ax. Stress by FV [N/MM^2] : Minimum acceptable axial stress caused by FV (Workshop stress for formation of windings)
MIN. Ax. Stress by FE [N/MM^2] : Minimum acceptable axial stress caused by FV (Workshop stress for formation of windings)

Disk sorts

Type A : Full Combed interleaved Double Disk

Type B : Half combed interleaved Double Disk
Type C : Not Combed interleaved Double Disk
Type D : Not interleaved Double Disk

Base parameters
Base Temperature for Calculation of RI^2
Base Temperature for Calculation of PK
Base Temp. for Calculation of Two and Tolw
Relative Permeability of No Ferro Magnetic Plates
ρc : Special Weight of Winding Conductor [KG/M^3]
ρfe-core : Special Weight of Core Sheets [KG/M^3]
ρfe : Special Weight of Fe [KG/M^3]
Conductivity of Ferro-Magnetic Plates in 20'c [S/mm]
Conductivity of Non Magnetic Plates in 20'c [S/mm]
Conductivity of Winding Conductor in 20 'C [S/mm]
Conductivity of Core Sheets in 20 'C [S/mm]
µs : Saturated Relative Permeability of Core
Bsat : Saturation Induction for Core
µr : Nominal Relative Permeability of Core

Magnetic field result parameters information

X : X coordinates of Calculation point or winding .

Y : Y coordinates of Calculation point or winding .
HX-R : Real part of magnetic field in X direction .
HX-I : Image part of magnetic field in X direction .
|HX| : Amplitude of magnetic field in X direction .
HX-ph : Phase angle of magnetic field in X direction .
HY-R : Real part of magnetic field in Y direction .
HY-I : Image part of magnetic field in Y direction .
|HY| : Amplitude of magnetic field in Y direction .
HY-Ph : Phase angle of magnetic field in Y direction .
|H| (T=0) : Amplitude of magnetic field in Time=0 (Segment with 0 angle is reference for time)
H-Ph (T=0) : Phase angle of magnetic field in Time=0 (Segment with 0 angle is reference for time)

Short circuit current and voltage parameters information

CAS : Indicate number for short circuit case.

Tap. : Tap position in witch short circuit is happened.
Type : Type of short circuit (1pol or 3pol)
S.Cin : Indicate terminal in witch short circuit is happened.
Feed : Indicate terminals that connected to energized line.
ILT : Indicate terminals line current.
IPT : Indicate terminal line voltage. (In LV terminal of auto transformers this parameter means current of common winding)
IWT : Indicate terminal ampere turn. (In LV and HV terminal of auto transformers this parameter is equal to line current of
terminal * Voltage of terminal / Volt per turn)
INT : Indicate terminal neutral current.
VLnet : Indicate network line voltage.
PLnet : Indicate network current phase.
ILnet : Indicate network line current.
Vneut : Indicate neutral terminal voltage.
Pneut. : Indicate neutral terminal current phase.
 Related to core parameters

AK1, AK2, AK3 : Number for Indication of position of core cooling channels.
BS : Width of Core Pockets in limbs.
BR : Width of Core Pockets in return limbs.
BJ : Width of Core Pockets in return yokes
SS : Total Thickness of core stacks.
BX : Width of core pockets in pocket number X , SX : Thickness of core pockets stack in pocket number X
Ind.L : Induction in wounded limbs.
Ind.Y : Induction in yoke.
Ind.R : Induction in unwounded (return) limbs.
Qs : Cross section of wounded limbs.
Qj : Cross section of yoke.
Or : Cross section of return (unwounded limbs).
ES : Mean distance between two wounded limbs.
HF : Height of core window.
BS
ES : Mean distance between two wounded limbs.
DS
Core form : See core section
BJ : See core section
T1, T2, T3 : Temperature of parts of core stack between two axial cooling channels.
AWF : Radial distance between outer windings of two different phases.
AWR : Radial distance between outer windings of wounded limb to outer pocket of UN wounded limb.
Core Lamination:
1. Step lap
2. Over lap
Core Press form
1. Press plate
2. Tie rode
NB : Number of wounded limbs of core.
NU : Number of unwounded limbs of core.
NC : Number of cooling channels inside core limb.
P0 : No load losses of transformer
BF : Width of core window
Special losses of Core pockets

P0kgL : Active losses per KG of Core Structure in Limbs.

P0kgR : Active losses per KG of Core Structure in return Limbs.
S0kgL : Reactive losses per KG of Core Structure in limbs.
S0kgY : Reactive losses per KG of Core Structure in yokes.
S0kgR : Reactive losses per KG of Core Structure in return limbs.

Short circuit forces text result parameters information

SN : Number of segments
SS : See core parameters
E : Modulus of elasticity of the conductor (Copper = 113000 N/MM^2, Aluminum = 65000 N/MM^2)
ES : Mean distance between two wounded limbs.
HF : Height of core window.
BS : See core section.
I.FAC : Impulse factor of short circuit current=SQR (2) * K
RP.2 : Permissible stress in the conductor in N/MM^2 (Copper=80-180 N/MM^2, Aluminum=30 N/MM^2)
ESR : Mean distance between a wounded limb and unwounded limb.
BF : Width of core window.
DS : See core parameters
Core f. : Core form
BJ : See core parameters
M : Segment indication number.
W : Winding indication number.
G : Parameter show pressing of segment (0: Isn't pressed by previous segment , 1: is pressed by previous segment)
IW : Ampere turns of segment. Or winding
HCU : Total height of blank conductor in axial direction.
DI : Inner diameter of segment.
PE : parameter related to relative elastic module of paper and press board.
YD : Axial distance of top pressing ring bottom edge to bottom pressing ring top edge
Y1 : Axial distance of top edge of bottom yoke to bottom edge of segment.
Y2 : Axial distance of top edge of bottom yoke to top edge of segment.
L0 : Axial height of compressible part of segment located under the segment
BW : Width of segments.
BAA : Width of spacers.
NAA : Number of spacers. (Input/Output)
NX : Number of division in Radial direction for each segment.
NY : Number of division in axial direction for each segment.
SEG : Text description about segment
Top edge:
1. IW : Ampere turn of top edge of segment.
2. HOT : Height of conductor of top edge of segment.
3. NA : Number of conductor in top edge of segment for one turn in axial direction
4. BOT : Width of conductor of top edge of segment
5. NR : Number of conductor in top edge of segment for one turn in radial direction.
Bottom edge:
1. IW : Ampere turn of bottom edge of segment.
2. HOT : Height of conductor of bottom edge of segment.
3. NA : Number of conductor in bottom edge of segment for one turn in axial direction
4. BOT : Width of conductor of bottom edge of segment
5. NR : Number of conductor in bottom edge of segment for one turn in radial direction.
Qcu : Total cross section of segment conductor.
Smax : Maximum radial Stress in segments.
FUE1 : Axial outer forces calculated with UE>0
FUE2 : Axial outer forces calculated with UE>0
FAMAX : Maximum axial internal forces.
FV : Initial workshop Clamping (pressing) force
FE : Final workshop Clamping (pressing) force (1/k^2*FVOR )
P1 : Workshop impresses forces on winding equals to .75 * FEIN
P2 : Workshop impresses forces on winding equals to 1.25 * FEIN
ZKRITT : Calculated Number of Strip bars (Duct spacer).
ZKMIN : Calculated Number of Strip bars by rounding to dividable number to 4.
FU in Top Edge : Axial outer forces of segment or winding in top edge.
FU in Bottom Edge : Axial outer forces of segment or winding in Bottom edge.
F-Axial Maximum Inside : Maximum internal forces inside of segment or winding.
Axial Tension : Maximum axial stress on support and conductors.
UE : imaginary axial displacement of segments for calculation critical value for forces
Gfe : Weight of Core iron.
Sort of core pockets : Two type of pocketing available in his software
1. Small
2. Large
 Short circuit text detailed results parameters information
Seg. : Index for segment.
Se.Pa : (each segment divides to NY parts)
Y : Coordinate of segment part with bottom yoke coordinate y=0
FX (UE>0) : Radial force of segment with UE>0
FX (UE<0) : Radial force of segment with UE<0
S (UE>0) : Radial stress of segment with UE>0
S (UE<0) : Radial stress of segment with UE<0
FY (UE>0) : Axial force of segment with UE>0
FY (UE<0) : Axial force of segment with UE<0

Turns

Wstep : Turn of each steps.

WHVL : Connected turns to HV terminal in lower tap position.
WHVM : Connected turns to HV terminal in middle tap position.
WHVU : Connected turns to HV terminal in upper tap position.
WLVL : Connected turns to LV terminal in lower tap position.
WLVM : Connected turns to LV terminal in middle tap position.
WLVU : Connected turns to LV terminal in upper tap position.
WTWL : Connected turns to TW terminal in lower tap position.
WTVM : Connected turns to TW terminal in middle tap position.
WTVU : Connected turns to TW terminal in upper tap position.
WTW : Physical turn of TW winding.
WFE : Physical turn of FEIN winding.
WUS : Physical turn of US winding.
WOS : Physical turn of OS winding.
WGR : Physical turn of GROB winding.

Voltage transfer ratio error

DHLL : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to LV terminal in lower tap position.
DHLM : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to LV terminal in middle tap position.
DHLU : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to LV terminal in upper tap position.
DHTL : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to TW terminal in lower tap position.
DHTM : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to TW terminal in middle tap position.
DHTU : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to TW terminal in upper tap position.
DLTM : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From LV terminal to TW terminal in middle tap position.
DLTL : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From LV terminal to TW terminal in lower tap position.
DLTU : Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From LV terminal to TW terminal in upper tap position.

Load modes

V [KV] : Phase Voltage of winding in one limb

S [MVA] : power of winding in one limb
I [A] : Current through a winding in one limb.
K-gama : A parameters that defines average magnetic field density for calculation of winding eddy losses.
PK [KW] : AC Load losses of winding in one limb
RI^2[KW] : DC Load losses of winding in one limb
J [A/mm^2] : Current density of segment or winding.
ZmitteR [%] : Eddy losses factor of winding in radial direction
ZmitteA [%] : Eddy losses factor of winding in axial direction
Rise to Oil
1. Tolw : Increment of oil temperature along axial direction of the winding or segment.
2. Two : Average temperature rise to oil of winding or segment.
• Rise to Ambient
1. Av.Tw : Average temperature rise to ambient temperature of winding or segment.
2. Ho.Tw : Hot spot temperature rise to ambient of winding or segment.
3. TOilmin : Minimum temperature rise of oil to ambient.
4. TOilav. : Average temperature rise of oil to ambient.
5. TOilmax : Maximum temperature rise of oil to ambient.
• Real Temp. in IEC
1. Av.Tw : Average temperature of winding or segment.
2. Ho.Tw : Hot spot temperature of winding or segment.
3. TOilmin : Minimum temperature of oil.
4. TOilav. : Average temperature of oil.
5. TOilmax : Maximum temperature of oil.
Hot.F : Hot spot factor.

Note1: WA, WR: Software may create combination of axial or radial turns with parameters of WA1, WA2, WR1, and WR2. For example in disk type winding
some of disks my have 8 and other disks may have 9 turns
 How to use automatic analyzing

Step 1: Press button ' Analyze ' in tab analyze input & outputs, analyze inputs. This action is optional and inform user of mistake or not defined or no
match between input parameters. Wrong values are shown with red color. Back to previous steps to correct any mistake. IMPORTANT: If you come back to
each previous steps re follow step by step using of software from this previous step.
Step 2: Complete master parameter values as below:
o Accuracy: This parameter may be 1 to 5 and is used for step 0. Software varies turn of winding with accuracy value around nominal value
and may find some Volt per turn with desired voltage transfer ratio. ( This parameter is used for step of volt per turns)
o Core diameter (DS): Core diameter scan range is a practical value and depends to skill of user for minimum number of try for reach to
optimum design. Limit for core diameter in automatic analyzing are as bellow. In library analyzing there is no limitation for core diameter and
user defined diameter of core considered. Software suggest a practical value for minimum and maximum core diameter and also step of core
diameter for scan In tap Step 0 by pressing button ' Consulter '. Wide range of core diameter take more time for analyzes. ( This parameter
is used for step of volt per turns)
o
Sort of core pockets Core press form Min DS ( MM ) Max DS( MM )
Small Large Press plate Tie rode

X X 350 1699
X X 350 1699
X X 250 868
X X 200 750
o Flux density: Defines minimum and maximum flux density and depend to core characteristics or customer request or desired no load losses.
Normally value between 1.55 [T] to 1.75 [T] good choice. Software suggest a practical value for minimum and maximum flux density and also
step of flux density for scan in tap Step 0 by pressing button ' Consulters '. ( This parameter is used for Step of volt per turns)
o Height: This values is Minimum and maximum height for scan of first winding. Other winding's height depend to height of first winding and
Maximum UAA and Minimum UAA. These parameters are practical parameter (also some time is customer limit) and depend to power and
impedance voltage and many other parameters. 500 mm for minimum and 2500 mm for maximum and 50 mm for size of scan step is a good
choice. However a skill full user may choose other value for saving time of analyzing. Wide range of core diameter take more time for
analyzes. ( This parameter is used for step of winding design )
 o No load transfer ratio error: This parameter could be defined for each two terminal and depend to Standard and some time customer
request.
Step 3: Go to tab ' Step of volt per turn ' and press button ' Start '. If input values are not correct or not marched with each other or user increase limits very
much (like reduce no load transfer ratio) may number of variants in this step be zero. User must change some parameters to solve this problem. Total number
of variant for volt per turn can be 500 for this step. User can see result in summary show or detailed show or one line list modes.
Step 4: Go to tab ' Step of winding design ' and press button ' Start '. After this action software creates variants that satisfy user limits and request. Total
number of variant in these steps could be 20000. All of these variants are locally optimized in windings and core but combination of windings and core in all of
variants are different from each other so cause to different TOC. In this step analyze option help to user to reach best result in minimum time. User can see
result in summary show or detailed show modes.
• Filter Level graph: During analyzing user can see effect of user filters on analyzing of variants in graph mode .This tool is very effective for user if
software couldn't reach any result in this step. For use of this graph activate ' tap analyze output ‘. This graph shows filters level percentage and user
can find maximum number of filter that reduces number of variants all omit all variants. by choosing ' Full description legend ' option, this graph is
shown by some information about relation between user defined limits and filter level. This information is very use full for user to change some limits
to reach best results
.
• Capitalize calculation graph (TOC): This graph show to user around which volt per turn, designs reach to optimum (capitalized) point.
 • Analyze option

1. Number of Sub designs of winding including in Capitalize Calculation for Each Combination of (B) and (DS) and (HM):
Define number of sub designs of windings that combine to other winding and result of Step of volt per turn. For example if number
of result for volt per turn be 300 and this parameter for HV be 100 and for LV be 100 and for Fein be 10 then software analyze
300*100*100*10 = 30.000.000 alternatives and select alternatives that satisfy user limits. If this parameter for windings be high takes
more time to analyze all alternatives.
2. Use Filter for Exact winding Height: This option limit range each winding height to previous winding height minus MAX UAA and
previous winding height minus Min UAA.
Step 5: Filter & Sort

After completed Winding analyze user can sort and filter results. Sorting queries could be DS, HF, GCU, GFE ... And filtering queries could be maximum volt
per turn, maximum TOC,.... for use of this ability select desired item from list and press " Add to list ' and press ' Execute sorting queries ' or ' Execute filter
queries '
Step 6 ( optional step ) : Select one on engine result and press button ' Add to library ' for use library designs base tools to refine or re check design.
Each design in library design could be transferred from engine or could be create individual in library design. Each design created by engine is named "
Engine created Design ID= (ID number)’
 Summary of automatic Analyzing

• Automatic Analyzing tool included for Find Best Capitalized Design before Any Analyzing all input Data checked and not correct inputs and Not
Matched Values will be warned to User.

• Base Function of Automatic Analyzing is Changing Master Parameters of Core induction, Core Diameter, Heights of Windings and Find Best results
with considering capitalize calculation and Sort Final Result. This Analyzing use Wire and Core Collections for Automatic Designing. Result of
Analyzing Could be thousand of Variants that be Filtered or Sorted by User.

• After filtering and sorting and fined Best Engine calculated design , User Can add This Design to Library and use Library Design Capability for
Refining and Do More and Exact Calculation about all items of Transformer.

• In Automatic Calculation a lot of Parameters of Transformer could e Calculated like as bellow :

1. Characteristics of Windings (Dimensions, Weights...)

2. Characteristics of Uses wire (Dimensions...)
3. Characteristics magnetic Core (Dimensions, Weights, Magnetizing Current...)
4. Losses (Load losses, No load Losses, Eddy Losses)
5. Thermal Characteristics (Hotshots, Average of Oil Temperature, Maximum of Oil Temperature, windings, Temperature...)
7. Tank Dissipation Power
 Automatic analyzing parameters information for Volt per turn calculation

Outputs of step1
===========================================================Variant1 ================================================
DS Ind.L Ind.Y Ind.R VW NC AK1 AK2 AK3 T1 T2 T3 QS Qj Qr BS BJ BR SS
760 1.592 1.592 1.592 147.059 1 3.0 0.0 0.0 32.4 0.0 0.0 4161 0 2081 740 0 360 726
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wstep WHVL WHVM WHVU WLVL WLVM WLVU WTWL WTWM WTWU WTW WFE WUS WOS WGR
15 1565 1565 1565 765 900 1035 136 136 136 136 150 900 665 150
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DHLL DHLM DHLU DHTL DHTM DHTU DLTM P0kgL P0kgY P0kgR S0kgL S0kgY S0kgR
0.01 0.01 0.01 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.33 1.260 1.260 1.260 3.332 3.332 3.332
Core Pockets Size
BX (1) = 740 SX (1) = 175
BX (2) = 720 SX (2) = 245
BX (3) = 700 SX (3) = 297
BX (4) = 680 SX (4) = 340
BX (5) = 660 SX (5) = 378
BX (6) = 640 SX (6) = 410
BX (7) = 620 SX (7) = 440
BX (8) = 600 SX (8) = 467
BX (9) = 560 SX (9) = 514
BX (10) = 520 SX (10) = 555
BX (11) = 480 SX (11) = 590
BX (12) = 440 SX (12) = 620
BX (13) = 400 SX (13) = 646
BX (14) = 360 SX (14) = 670
BX (15) = 320 SX (15) = 690
BX (16) = 280 SX (16) = 707
BX (17) = 220 SX (17) = 726
 Automatic Analyzing Parameters Information
• Including matters
o Input data
o Core
o Base constants
o Dmax ( Voltage transfer ratio error )
o Turns
o Details of Winding
o Connection mode
o Load mode
o Short circuit

\\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2.TDS
Number of Library Designs 1
Engine created Design ID= 54-Library Design 2
Design 1

General details--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------Document----------
File::\\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2.TDS
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 54-Library Design 2

---------Input Data---------
Type of Transformer : Auto Transformer
Number of Terminals :3
Number of Phases :1
Over Exciting Ability : 10%
Frequency : 50
Cooling Type : ONAN/ONAF
Three Phase Nominal Power of Terminal HV : 410\630 [MVA]
Three Phase Nominal Power of Terminal LV : 410\630 [MVA]
Three Phase Nominal Power of Terminal TW : 78\130 [MVA]
Three Phase Line Voltage of Terminal HV : 400 [KV]
Three Phase Line Voltage of Terminal LV : 230 [KV]
Three Phase Line Voltage of Terminal TW : 20 [KV]
Voltage Regulation Range in Terminal HV :-9*1.6667%, +9*1.6667%
Voltage Regulation Range in Terminal LV :-0*0%, +0*0%
Voltage Regulation Range in Terminal TW :-0*0%, +0*0%
Tap Changer Connected to Terminal : HV
Type of Tap Changer : ON LOAD
Tap Changer Class : Reverse
Tap Changer Name : 10191W
Three Phase Connection Vector Group: Yna0d1
Ambient Temperature: 50 [`C]
Guaranty Temperature Rise for OIL : 50 [`K]
Guaranty Temperature Rise for HV : 55 [`K]
Guaranty Temperature Rise for LV : 55 [`K]
Guaranty Temperature Rise for TW : 55 [`K]
Guaranty Hot Spot Rise for HV : 70 [`K]
Guaranty Hot Spot Rise for LV : 70 [`K]
Guaranty Hot Spot Rise for TW : 70 [`K]

Insulation Levels:
UM Power Frequency Lightning impulse
LV 245 360 850
HV 420 570 1300
TW 24 50 95

Installation above Sea Level : 1700 [M]

Ambient Pollution : Medium
Tank Inner Shielding : No
---------Core---------
Core Sheet Type : 14530
Core Press Form : Press plate
Core Form : 12
Sort of Core Pockets : small
Core Channels Width :6
Core Lamination : Step lap
Number of Core Cooling Channels :3
Cooling Channels Position: AK1 :3.0 AK2 : 226.0 AK3 :0.0
Core Temperature Rise to Oil: Part1 :26.6 Part2 :21.3 Part3 :0.0
Special Active Losses [W/KG]: Limb : 1.50 Yoke : 1.50 R.Limb :1.50
Special Reactive Losses [VA/KG]: Limb : 6.66 Yoke : 6.66 R.Limb :6.66
Core Induction [Tesla]: Limb : 1.69 Yoke : 1.69 R.Limb :1.69
Core Losses [KW]: 57
I0 [%]: 0.06 with base : 410 MVA And 0% over exciting
-------------------

Core Pockets Size

BX (1) = 920 SX (1) = 140
BX (2) = 900 SX (2) = 236
BX (3) = 880 SX (3) = 302
BX (4) = 860 SX (4) = 355
BX (5) = 840 SX (5) = 400
BX (6) = 820 SX (6) = 440
BX (7) = 800 SX (7) = 475
BX (8) = 780 SX (8) = 507
BX (9) = 760 SX (9) = 537
BX (10) = 740 SX (10) = 564
BX (11) = 720 SX (11) = 589
BX (12) = 700 SX (12) = 613
BX (13) = 680 SX (13) = 635
BX (14) = 640 SX (14) = 675
BX (15) = 600 SX (15) = 711
BX (16) = 560 SX (16) = 743
BX (17) = 520 SX (17) = 771
BX (18) = 480 SX (18) = 797
BX (19) = 440 SX (19) = 820
BX (20) = 380 SX (20) = 843
---------------------------Base Constants---------------------------
Base Temperature for Two, Tolw calculation : 95 ['k]
Base Temperature for RI2 calculation : 20 ['k]
Base Temperature for PK calculation : 75 ['k]
Conductivity of Copper in 20'C : 57.7 [Sm/mm^2]
Special Weight of CU : 8960 [kg/m^3]
Special Weight of Core sheets : 7650 [kg/m^3]
Special Weight of Fe : 8000 [kg/m^3]
Cost of CU : 3 [$/kg]
Cost of Core Sheets : 1.8 [$/kg]
Cost of Paper : 7 [$/kg]
Cost of Press Board : 5 [$/kg]
Capitalize Cost of P0 :3000 [$/kW]
Capitalize Cost of PK : 1000 [$/kW]

--------------------------------Dmax--------------------------------

Voltage Transfer from HV to LV in Tap Position Lower : 0.39

Voltage Transfer from HV to LV in Tap Position Middle : 0.22
Voltage Transfer from HV to LV in Tap Position Upper : 0.09
Voltage Transfer from HV to TW in Tap Position Lower : 0.78
Voltage Transfer from HV to TW in Tap Position Middle : 0.61
Voltage Transfer from HV to TW in Tap Position Upper : 0.48
Voltage Transfer from LV to TW in Tap Position Middle : 0.39

------------------------------------Turns-------------------------
Turn of Step (Wstep) : 17
Active Turn of Terminal HV in Tap Position Lower : 857
Active Turn of Terminal HV in Tap Position Middle : 1010
Active Turn of Terminal HV in Tap Position Upper : 1163
Active Turn of Terminal LV in Tap Position Lower : 582
Active Turn of Terminal LV in Tap Position Middle : 582
Active Turn of Terminal LV in Tap Position Upper : 582
Active Turn of Terminal TW in Tap Position Lower : 88
Active Turn of Terminal TW in Tap Position Middle : 88
Active Turn of Terminal TW in Tap Position Upper : 88
Physical Turn of Winding TW : 88
Physical Turn of Winding FE : 170
Physical Turn of Winding US : 582
Physical Turn of Winding OS : 428

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VW DS QS Qj QR BS BJ BR SS HF ES ESR AWF AWR Gcu Gfe TOC
227.273 930 6056 0 3028 920 0 460 843 2818 2293 1527 0 150 18503 38079 528389

Details of Windings------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Con. Win.type Category Taped Rad-Cool AX-Cool Wire-type Epoxy-Wire Dis.sor N.field max-Kgama max-Zmitte
TW Layer Auxiliary NO No Yes Transposed No D 48 1.00 2.9
FEIN IL Tap. Yes. No. No. Transposed No D 16 1.00 1.8
US Disk Main NO Yes Yes Flat No D 16 3.53 34.5
OS Disk Main NO Yes Yes Flat No D 16 1.00 14.3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Con. NSPDL NSPSL NPPDL NPPSL HSol HM DI BW AW Ibase Ib.Fac J F.F Turn AU AO Gcu
TW 1 1 1 1 2444 2418 976.0 37.0 23.0 2166.7 1.00 2.83 0.75 88. 232. 42. 1923
FEIN 1 1 1 1 2328 2200 1200.0 57.0 75.0 909.3 1.02 2.15 0.57 170. 290. 200. 2543
US 1 1 1 1 2202 2203 1458.0 137.0 72.0 672.1 0.97 3.13 0.41 582. 353. 263. 5611
OS 1 1 1 2 2094 2096 1892.0 200.5 80.0 909.3 1.02 2.72 0.17 428. 407 317 8426
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Con. WA1 WR1 WA2 WR2 BA.WA PDA PDR Hot Bot NT BD HD B-Lack H-Lach Zi Zit Sz
TW 88.00 1.00 - - 0.00 2.0 1.00 6.30 1.90 33.0 36.08 13.74 0.14 0.15 0.80 0.00 0.20
FEIN 170.00 1.00 - - 0.00 1.0 2.00 5.00 1.25 35.00 28.65 12.94 0.14 0.15 3.00 0.00 0.20
US 98.00 6.00 - - 6.00 1.0 4.00 16.00 1.70 2.00 5.10 17.07 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.40 0.00
OS 54.00 8.00 - - 4.00 1.0 4.00 12.50 1.70 2.00 5.60 13.98 0.00 0.00 1.40 0.40 0.00
Con. S1 Ns1 S2 Ns2 S3 Ns3 S4 Ns4 S5 Ns5 AIF RIF P.M.P P.B.P SLZ1 SLZ2 SLZ3
TW 0.0 177 1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
FEIN 0.0 179 1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 10 1 0 0 0 0 0
US 4.5 8 6.0 89 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
OS 4.5 7 6.0 99 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Con. PAPcom PSPCom W.I.S N.I.S W.O.S N.O.S BK1 BK2 NRK NSK Ra-NM AX-NM NBoil Boil NHoil Hoil EF.BOIL
TW 0.82 0.92 20 48 12 48 6 6 1 1 2 2 0 5.0 177 0.00 6.00
FEIN 0.82 0.92 12 48 12 48 6 6 2 1 2 2 0 0.0 179 0.00 6.00
US 0.82 0.92 20 48 12 48 6 6 8 1 2 6 2 5.0 97 5.88 5.50
OS 0.82 0.92 12 48 12 48 6 6 8 1 2 8 3 5.0 106 5.90 5.40
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Con. Cal-FV[KN] CAL-FE[KN] ACC-FV[KN] ACC-FE[KN] SIG-FV SIG-FE NAA BAA R[Mohm] Nu.Make step T.L.E.D
TW 130 50 120 50 5.66 2.33 48 25 6.3 0 Yes
FEIN 60 20 60 20 5 2 48 25 27.5 9 Yes
US 200 100 230 110 6 3 12 25 235.4 0 Yes
OS 300 120 300 120 6 3 48 25 145.9 0 Yes
Details of Connection Modes ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mode1: Tap position: LOWER (HV-LV) Uk=21.99
Mode4: Tap position: MIDDLE (HV-LV) Uk=14.07
Mode7: Tap Position: UPPER (HV-LV) Uk=10.73
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Con. Mode1 Mode4 Mode7
IW%-TW 0.00 0.00 0.00
IW%-FEIN -54.55 0.00 26.09
IW%-US -100.00 -100.00 -100.00
IW%-OS 154.55 100.00 73.91
IW%-Sum 100.00 100.00 100.00
S-Base 630.00 630.00 630.00
Details of Load Modes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Summery of Load modes
----------------------
Loading Power [MVA]

Mode Index HV LV TW PK P55

Mode2: Cooling: ONAN Tap position: Lower 410.0<0.0 410.0<180.0 ------- 137 233
Mode10: Cooling: ONAF Tap position: Lower 630.0<0.0 630.0<180.0 ------- 322 459
Mode26: Cooling: ONAF Tap position: Middle 630.0<0.0 630.0<180.0 ------- 233 351

------------------------Details-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mode2: Cooling: ONAN Tap position: Lower
Transferred Power: HV Power: 410<0.00 LV Power: 410<180.00 TW Power: 0<0.00
Situation: Only Show in Results

con. V [KV] S [MVA] I [A] K-gama PK [KW] RI^2[KW] J [A/mm^2] ZmitteR [%] ZmitteA [%]
TW 20.00 0.00 0.0<0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
FEIN -60.00 24.12 -402.0<180.0 1.0 8.6 6.9 -1.0 1.8 1.9
US 230.00 44.22 192.2<180.0 3.5 24.8 15.1 0.9 34.5 323.4
OS 230.94 68.33 295.9<0.0 1.0 42.2 30.3 0.9 14.3 0.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sum --- --- --- --- 75.5 --- --- --- ---

PZ=61.1

Rise to Oil Rise to Ambient Real Temp. in IEC condition

----------- -------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
con. Tolw Two Av.Tw Ho.Tw TOilmin TOilav. TOilmax Av.Tw Ho.Tw TOilmin TOilav. TOilmax Hot.F
TW 0.0 0.0 41.4 48.3 34.6 34.6 34.6 91.4 98.3 84.6 84.6 84.6 1.3
FEIN 20.1 10.0 51.4 61.2 34.6 44.6 54.7 101 111.2 84.6 94.6 104.7 1.3
US 13.1 1.8 43.2 50.6 34.6 41.1 47.7 93.2 100.6 84.6 91.1 97.7 1.3
OS 13.2 1.3 42.7 50.0 34.6 41.1 47.7 92.7 100.0 84.6 91.1 97.7 1.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sum 13.7 --- --- --- 34.6 41.4 48.3 --- --- 84.6 91.4 98.3 ---
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tank Dissipation losses in 55 'K [P55] =233.4

Details of Short Circuit Modes---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Short circuit current & voltage & phase results
Network UM Short Circuit Power Z0/Z1
HV 420 40000 2.00
LV 245 20000 2.00
TW 24 500 2.00

Ter. Zn Base power

HV 0 0
LV 0 0
TW 0 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Z0/Z1 of Transfer from HV to LV: 1.00
Z0/Z1 of Transfer from HV to TW: 0.77
Z0/Z1 of Transfer from LV to HV: 1.00
Z0/Z1 of Transfer from LV to TW: 0.77
Z0/Z1 of Transfer from TW to HV: 0.00
Z0/Z1 of Transfer from TW to LV: 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Impedances between All Terminals with Base 630 MVA
The/Tap Lower Middle Upper
HV-LV 21.99 14.07 10.73
HV-TW 110.87 87.08 71.99
LV-HV 21.99 14.07 10.73
LV-TW 69.96 69.96 69.96
TW-HV 110.87 87.08 71.99
TW-LV 69.96 69.96 69.96

Maximum Production Tolerance for UK: 3

Details of Short circuit Condition of Transformer
Condition HV [U] LV [U] TW [U]
------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
CAS Tap. Type S.Cin Feed ILT IPT IWT INT ILT IPT IWT INT ILT IPT IWT INT
1 Lower 3POL HV HV+LV+TW 2.5 2.5 3857.8 0.0 -4.8 -2.3 -3672.0 0.0 -2.4 -1.4 -186.3 0.0
2 Lower 3POL HV+LV HV+LV+TW 0.1 0.1 163.5 0.0 0.2 0.3 178.6 0.0 -4.4 -2.5 -342.0 0.0
3 Lower 3POL LV HV+LV+TW -2.6 -2.6 -4019.1 0.0 5.5 2.9 4206.3 0.0 -2.4 -1.4 -186.6 0.0

Condition HV [U] LV [U] TW [U]

------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
CAS Tap. Type S.Cin Feed VLnet PLnet ILnet VLnet PLnet ILnet VLnet PLnet ILnet
1 Lower 3POL HV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 52.4 170.5 0.0 4.8 15.3 0.0 2.4
2 Lower 3POL HV+LV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 52.4 0.0 0.0 37.6 11.3 0.0 4.4
3 Lower 3POL LV HV+LV+TW 380.4 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 37.6 15.2 0.0 2.4

Condition HV [U] LV [U] TW [U]

------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
CAS Tap. Type S.Cin Feed Vneut Pneut. Vneut. Pneut. Vneut. Pneut.
1 Lower 3POL HV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Lower 3POL HV+LV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Lower 3POL LV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Example pictures for filter levels of automatic analyzing
Line bar show of Filter level:
Picture of engine (analyze input and outputs)
Picture of Engine (analyze step winding design)
Picture of Engine (analyze step volt per turn)
 Summary of Library analyzing
Library analyzing use for refining and more exact Calculation about all Items of transformer .Each design in library could be imported from automatic
analyzing and refined in this Tool. Each design in library design could be transferred from engine or could be create individual in library design. Some tools
only act on library designs and if users want to use this tool must add design from automatic analyzing to design library.
In library design could be done final calculation and refine as bellow:
1. Short circuit Currents and Forces and Voltage of terminal in all Short circuit modes
2. Losses of windings ,Losses of tank surface ,Losses of tank shielding ,Losses of yoke beams ,Losses of pressing plates , temperature rise and hotshot of all
parts , magnetic field ,...
3. Calculation of Impedance Voltage in all Connection Modes
4. Calculation of Inrush Currents with Energizing from each thermal
5. ….
 How to use library analyzing
Step 1 , Step 2 , Step 3 , Step 4, Step5
Step 1: Go to menu analyzing \ Library. If there is no design in library, user can create a blank design by pressing ' Add blank design ' button, or come
back to engine created design end add a ready design to library. If design imported from engine, all input parameters are set and user only may refine input or
output parameters or run library design tools .
ƒ Notice : If user create a blank design , some parameters transfer form ' Construction parameters ' and some transfer from '
General details ' as bellow :
ƒ Winding arrangements
ƒ Wire types
ƒ Winding types
ƒ I.BASE
ƒ Is Taped
ƒ AW
ƒ With Epoxy wire
ƒ Category
ƒ Min AO
ƒ Min AU
ƒ Zi
ƒ Zit
ƒ Bk1
ƒ Bk2
ƒ PAP.COMP
ƒ PSP.COMP
ƒ NRK
ƒ NSK
ƒ RAD.NM
ƒ P.B.P
ƒ P.M.P
ƒ PPDL , PPSL, SPDL, SPSL
ƒ Category
 ƒ Taped
ƒ Ax.Cool
ƒ Rad.Cool
ƒ MAX KGAMA
ƒ SLZ1
ƒ SLZ2
ƒ SlZ3
ƒ N.Field
ƒ W.I.S
ƒ W.O.S
ƒ BAA
ƒ NAA
ƒ N.I.S
ƒ N.O.S
ƒ Boil
ƒ T.L.E.D
ƒ MIN Ax. Stress by FV[KN]
ƒ MIN Ax. Stress by FE[KN]
o Notice: If user adds a ready design from engine to library beside top mentioned parameters all other parameters transfer to library
design.
Step 2: (Notice: If design be a blank design this step must be done)
o Press button ' list of volt per turns ' then Press button ' Create list ' .software create list of volt per turns as below :
Select one of list and press button ' Accept ‘. Software creates this list by considering master parameter in automatic analyzing steps. Parameters as below
are transferred to design from this list:
ƒ Volt per turn ( Vw )
ƒ Ak1 , Ak2 , Ak3
ƒ Core diameter ( DS )
ƒ Flux density
ƒ Noil in core ( NC )
ƒ BS
ƒ BJ
ƒ SS
ƒ BR
ƒ Turn
ƒ Wstep
o User can change ' Volt per turn', ' Core diameter ', ' Flux density, ' Ak1, Ak2, AK3 ' by use of consulter menu. see below picture :
Step 3: Input remains parameters as below (Notice: If design be a blank design this step must be done):
ƒ Hot
ƒ Bot
ƒ Nt
ƒ Hoil
ƒ PDA
ƒ PDR
ƒ WA1
ƒ WA2
ƒ WR1
ƒ WR2
ƒ AX.NM
ƒ S3
ƒ NS3
ƒ S4
ƒ NS4
ƒ S5
ƒ NS5
ƒ NDPS
o Following parameters come back from design editor ( After pressing "Apply changes button ":
ƒ Sz
ƒ Nhoil
ƒ S1
ƒ NS1
ƒ S2
ƒ NS2
ƒ ACC-FV
ƒ ACC-FE
ƒ SIG-FV
 ƒ SIG-FE
o Following parameters come from Wire library ( After choosing Wire from library wire list ):
ƒ QDt
ƒ H lac
ƒ B lac
o Following parameters come from Construction parameters
ƒ Nu.Make Steps
o Following parameters may come from Short circuit forces calculation after run of this tool.
ƒ CAL-FV
ƒ CAl-FE
Step 4: Press button “Apply Changes ". This action transfer data to design editor and all consequent values appear in results. Any mistake or not matched
inputs warn to user in first lines of results. See below
picture:
 After Pressing button “Apply Changes” user can see segments graph by pressing “see Segments" .See below picture:

Step 5: (Optional step): Use library design tools for refine or exact calculation.
 Library design tools
Library design tools: All tools that calculate and refine parameters of design in library.
1. Magnetic Field Calculation
2. Calculation eddy losses & Hot spot & ... of windings
3. Calculation of eddy losses & temperature rise of tank and fittings
4. Calculation of current & Voltage & phase in short circuit mode
5. Short circuit axial & radial forces & safety factors & ...
6. Connection mode calculation
7. Inrush Currents
 Base parameters definition
Base Temperature for Calculation of RI^2
Base Temperature for Calculation of PK
Base Temp. For Calculation of Two and Tolw
Relative Permeability of Core
Relative Permeability of No Ferro Magnetic Plates
Special Weight of Winding Conductor [KG/M^3]
Special Weight of Core Sheets [KG/M^3]
Special Weight of Fe [KG/M^3]
Conductivity of Ferro-Magnetic Plates in 20'c [S/mm]
Conductivity of Non Magnetic Plates in 20'c [S/mm]
Conductivity of Winding Conductor in 20 'C [S/mm]
Conductivity of Core Sheets in 20 'C [S/mm]
Saturated Relative Permeability of Core
Saturation Induction

Transformer type
1-Separate winding

2-Auto transformer

Cooling Types:
1. ONAN
2. ONAN / ONAF
Sort of core pockets
Two type of pocketing available in his software

1. Small
2. Large

VW: Volt per turn

N-Phase Definition: Number of transformer phases.

NB: Number of wounded limbs of core.

NC: Number of cooling channels inside core limb.

NU: Number of unwounded limbs of core.

Number of Field: Number of division considers on winding and spacers and supports and strip bars.

PK: Load losses of winding(s) or segment (s)

PZ: Additional losses appear in loading of transformer like losses in Tank surfaces, Tank shielding, yoke beams, pressing plates,
welding points...
TOC: Total ownership cost

GCU: Weight of conductors in segment or total windings. (Normally copper)

GFE: Weight of core.

ER/HW: This parameter shows center line of cooling system to center line of windings division: See picture below:
Auto connection factor: This value creates automatically by software and depended to Connection on windings in auto transformer. In separate
winding transformers this value is 1

Tank Dissipation Losses (P55): losses that could be dissipate from tank surface and cooling system in temperature rise of oil to ambient equal to
55 'k
 DHLL DHLM DHLU DHTL DHTM DHTU DHTM (when tap changer connected to HV terminal)

DHLL DHLM DHLU DLTL DLTM DLTU DLTM (when tap changer connected to LV terminal)

DHLL: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to LV terminal in lower tap position.
DHLM: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to LV terminal in middle tap position.
DHLU: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to LV terminal in upper tap position.
DHTL: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to TW terminal in lower tap position.
DHTM: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to TW terminal in middle tap position.
DHTU: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From HV terminal to TW terminal in upper tap position.
DLTM: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From LV terminal to TW terminal in middle tap position.
DLTL: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From LV terminal to TW terminal in lower tap position.
DLTM: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From LV terminal to TW terminal in middle tap position.
DLTU: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From LV terminal to TW terminal in upper tap position.
DLTM: Voltage Transfer ratio deviation From LV terminal to TW terminal in middle tap position.

Wstep WHVL WHVM WHVU WLVL WLVM WLVU WTWL WTWM WTWU WTW WFE WUS WOS WGR

Wstep: Turn of each steps.

WHVL: Connected turns to HV terminal in lower tap position.
WHVM: Connected turns to HV terminal in middle tap position.
WHVU: Connected turns to HV terminal in upper tap position.
WLVL: Connected turns to LV terminal in lower tap position.
WLVM: Connected turns to LV terminal in middle tap position.
WLVU: Connected turns to LV terminal in upper tap position.
WTWL: Connected turns to TW terminal in lower tap position.
WTVM: Connected turns to TW terminal in middle tap position.
WTVU: Connected turns to TW terminal in upper tap position.
WTW: Physical turn of TW winding.
WFE: Physical turn of FEIN winding.
WUS: Physical turn of US winding.
WOS: Physical turn of OS winding.
WGR: Physical turn of GROB winding.

Disk sorts
Type A: Full Combed interleaved Double Disk
Type B: Half combed interleaved Double Disk
Type C: Not Combed interleaved Double Disk
Type D: Not interleaved Double Disk
 Wire types
1. Transposed
2. Flat
3. Twin , Triple , ...

Epoxy resin bonding: Wire lack if made of epoxy resin

Two types of wires can be use in this software:
1. Flat Wire : Flat wire with NT=1 ( Single ) , NT=2 ( Twin ), NT= 3 ( Three-ply ) , ... elementary conductors can be defined for each winding or
Segment.
2. Transposed wire: Transposed wire with NT>=5 can be used in this software. If NT be odd number type A is used and if NT be even number
type B is used.
.
 BIL values for line and neutral

In this form IEC norm BIL will be suggested by pressing button “IEC standard “.

In this form software suggest a practical value for BIL of neutral by using internal calculation and database. User can change suggestion of software.
 Tap changer
Two general type of tap changer could be used in software
Onload: On load tap changers could be one of following class:
Reverse
Coarse-fine
Linear
Off circuit: Off circuit tap changers could be one of following class:
Linear
Bridge
Connection of tap changer to winding is depend to Tap changer class or voltage variation category or construction of tap windings or tap disks.
Tap changer consulter tool can help user to choose correct tap changer class.
 Tap changer consulter tool

In this form user choose tap changer class manually or by suggestion of software.
With changing of “Type of Tap changer” or " Windings with tap leads”, change results of consulter.
• Number of steps for Fein Winding: Number of steps should be created in fine winding for choose tap changer. This parameter depended to tap
changer manufacturer. This parameter created automatically by software.
• Number of steps for Grub Winding: Number of steps should be created in coarse winding for choose tap changer. This parameter depended to tap
changer manufacturer. This parameter depended to tap changer manufacturer. This parameter created automatically by software
• Model name: Standard naming of tap changer manufacturer.( See definition map for On load tap changer )

• On load map for tap changer class definition

 General information's of tap changer connection to windings
In TDS Ver 1.0.61
Software support only One Tap changer
Voltage variation range could be defined only for HV or LV terminal.
Only CFVV system is supported.
Tap changer could be connected to only to HV or LV terminal.
In menu Construction parameters by pressing button 'Auto analyzes connection to winding' software automatically consider correct connection and
show in construction explorer. See example below
Connection of windings to tap changer and also to each other depends to tap changer class (Bridge , Coarse fine , Reverse , Linear )
 Tap changer connection in reverse class

• Example of General Connection types with reverse class :

• Available tap changer connection to windings with Reverse Class :

Specification: Reverse / CFVV / Auto Transformer

/ Voltage variation in HV terminal
Specification: Reverse / VFVV / Auto Transformer /
Voltage variation in LV terminal
(Not supported in this Version)
Specification: Reverse / CFVV / Auto Transformer
/ Voltage variation in LV terminal
Specification: Reverse / CFVV / Separate Transformer
/ Voltage variation in HV or LV terminal
 Tap changer connection in linear class

• Example of General Connection types with linear class :

• Available tap changer connection to windings with linear Class :

Specification: Linear / CFVV / Auto Transformer Specification: Linear / VFVV / Auto Transformer /
/ Voltage variation in HV terminal Voltage variation in LV terminal (Not supported in this Version)
Specification: Linear / CFVV / Auto Transformer
/ Voltage variation in LV terminal
(Not supported in this Version)
Specification: Linear / CFVV / Separate winding Transformer /
Voltage variation in LV or HV terminal
 Tap changer connection in bridge class

• Example of General Connection types with bridge class :

Bridge Double Bridge

• Available tap changer connection to windings with bridge Class :

Specification: Bridge / CFVV / Auto Transformer Specification: Bridge / VFVV / Auto Transformer /
/ Voltage variation in HV terminal Voltage variation in LV terminal (Not supported in this Version)
Specification: Bridge / CFVV / Separate Transformer
/ Voltage variation in HV or LV terminal
 Tap changer connection in coarse fine class

• Example of General Connection types with coarse fine class :

• Available tap changer connection to windings with Coarse Fine Class :

Specification: Coarse Fine / CFVV / Auto Transformer

/ Voltage variation in HV terminal
 Specification: Coarse Fine / VFVV / Auto Transformer /
Voltage variation in LV terminal (Not supported in this Version)
 Specification: Coarse Fine / VFVV / Auto Transformer /
Voltage variation in LV terminal (Not included in this version)
Specification: Coarse Fine / CFVV / separate Transformer
/ Voltage variation in HV or LV terminal
 Connection mode calculation

Important: This is a Library design based Tool.

This tool calculates impedance voltage (UK) with segment base parameter between terminals and inductance between all segments and show results in test
mode. Simplified of this tool used in automatic analyzing step 2.
1. See example text result for impedance voltage
2. See example text result for inductances
 How to use connection mode calculation
Notice: This is library design base tools.
Step 1: Complete parameters in menu initialization \ Connection modes setup .
Step 2: In menu analyzing \ Library press button “Connection mode calculation " and select active desired connection mode .
Step 3: Press button “Connection mode calculation “. In short circuit forces page press button “Set segments data to lib design “. This action creates input
parameters of segments according to library design. (See input parameters information’s). User can change setup of segment creation before this action.
Note: User can change all input data manually to desired value and then use next steps.
Step 4: Press button “Calculate impedance voltage “. After this action user can see impedance voltage result for transformer with text view. Results of this
Calculation are as follow :

• Impedance Voltage of windings without reactors(s)

• Impedance Voltage of reactors(s)
• Impedance Voltage of windings with reactors(s)

Step 5: Press button “Calculate inductances “. After this action self and mutual inductance and reactance of all segments will be calculate with text view.

• In this page user can use following tools :

o Import and export of text file ( .TCO files)
o Open, Save, Save as segment details (. TCC files )
o Set up segment creation tool.
 Connection mode setup
Important: This is an Input parameters based Tool.
This tool create standard connection mode by pressing command Create standard connection mode by consulter for calculation of impedance voltage in
lower , middle , upper tap position and between two all terminals. The number of winding in figure show connection of main windings to tap windings. For two
winding transformer 9 mode create automatically and for three winding transformer 27 mode create automatically. User can change all parameter in all modes
manually.
Parameters information:
• Connection mode name: These values create automatically by software and indicate terminals and tap position related to impedance voltage.
• Connection mode situation : This situations could be select
1. Only Show in Results
2. Show in results and use as limitation of analyze
3. Not Activated
• Related UK description :This value create automatically by software and use for internal calculation ( Not for User )
• Auto connection coefficient : This value create automatically by software after pressing button " Create standard connection mode by consulter "
and depended to Connection on windings in auto transformer . User can change this value manually for some propose. In separate winding
transformers this value is 1.
• Windings IW%: This value creates automatically by software and indicates percentage of ampere turn related to winding in impedance voltage
testing.
• Minimum UK: Minimum acceptable impedance voltage in defined connection mode.
• Maximum UK: Maximum acceptable impedance voltage in defined connection mode.
• HV, LV, TW IW%: Total percentage of ampere turn related to a terminal. This value create automatically by software after pressing button " Create
standard connection mode by consulter " also User can change this value manually.
 Parameters information for Impedance voltage
• Connection mode setup parameters information.
• Connection mode calculation parameters :
o Number of Segments ( SN )
o Core Diameter ( DS )
o M
o W
o T: Identification for terminal that segment is belonged to.
o IW[%] :
o Turn
o DI
o Y1
o Y2
o BW
o Seg for
 Example text result of inductance calculation

Connection mode Calculation program TCC 1.0.61

User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2.TDS
Connection mode Name: Mode4: Tap position: MIDDLE (HV-LV)
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 54-Library Design 2

Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 410 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 630 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 410 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 630 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 78 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 130 MVA
-------------------------------Detailed Output Data's----------------------------------------

Seg to Seg Inductance [H] Reactance [Ohm]

---------- ------------- --------------
1--1 0.0027449662342537 0.8623565755883440
1--2 0.0005375271332182 0.1688691292823370
1--3 0.0014521412918300 0.4562036414387530
1--4 0.0048372391527250 1.5196634985857700
1--5 0.0048372391527248 1.5196634985857300
2--1 0.0020060090586267 0.6302063321616150
2--2 0.0161369423254779 5.0695699461123500
2--3 0.0031225736794916 0.9809854531783760
2--4 0.0157855811335272 4.9591865721734800
2--5 0.0157855811335272 4.9591865721734700
3--1 0.0635169301309176 19.9544321077867000
3--2 0.0365982922841566 11.4976926173838000
Notice: Inductance I-j means inductance of Segment I when segment j is shorted and if I=j means Self inductance of I Segment.
 Connection mode impedance voltage text result parameter information
Sn : Number of segments
DS
N-Phase
N Wounded Limbs: Number of wounded limb (NB)
Base Power : Base power for calculation of impedance voltage.
Transformer Type
Auto Connection Factor
M : index of segment.
W : Index of winding.
T : Index of terminal
IW [%]: percentage of ampere turn in segment
Turn : Turn of segment.
DW [mm]: Inner diameter of segment.
Y1 [mm]: Coordinate of bottom part of segment in Y direction with top of bottom yoke is reference.
Y2 [mm]: Coordinate of top part of segment in Y direction with top of bottom yoke is
BW [mm]: width of segment.

Seg-Des: Description about segment.

See example text result for impedance voltage

Connection mode Calculation program TCC 1.0.61

User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2.TDS
Connection mode Name: Mode4: Tap position: MIDDLE (HV-LV)
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 54-Library Design 2

Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 410 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 630 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 410 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 630 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 78 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 130 MVA
-------------------------------------------------General Input and Output Data's-------------------------------------
Sn DS N-Phase N Wounded Limbs Base Power Transformer Type Auto Connection Factor
-- -- ------- --------------- ---------- ---------------- ----------------------
5 930 1 1 630.0 Auto Transformer 0.181

M W T IW [%] Turn DW [mm] Y1 [mm] Y2 [mm] BW [mm] Seg-Des.

1 1 TW 0.0 88.009 77.0 244.6 2663.4 36.2 TW

2 2 HV 0.0 170.00 1203.0 340.0 2568.0 54.0 FEIN
3 3 LV -100.0 582.00 1459.0 353.0 2555.0 135.7 US
4 4 HV 50.0 428.00 1894.0 1454.0 2501.0 198.7 OS
5 4 HV 50.0 0.00 1894.0 407.0 1454.0 198.7 OS
------------------------------

Impedance Voltage: 13.43 [%]

 Core related parameters

BR: Width of Core Pockets in return limbs.

BJ: Width of Core Pockets in return yokes

SS: Total Thickness of core stacks.

BS: Width of Core Pockets in limbs.

Ind.L: Induction in wounded limbs.

Ind.Y: Induction in yoke.

Ind.R: Induction in unwounded (return) limbs.

Qs: Cross section of wounded limbs.

Qj: Cross section of yoke.

QR: Cross section of return (unwounded limbs).

I0: No load current.

P0: No load losses of transformer

GFE: Weight of Core iron.

HF: Height of core window

BX : Width of core pockets in pocket number X

SX : Thickness of core pockets stack in pocket number X

T1, T2, T3: Temperature of parts of core stack between two axial cooling channels.

AWF: Radial distance between outer windings of two different phases.

AWR: Radial distance between outer windings of wounded limb to outer pocket of UN wounded limb.
AK1, AK2, AK3: Number for Indication of position of core cooling channels.
ES: Mean distance between two wounded limbs

ESR: Mean distance between a wounded limbs and UN wound limb.

DS: Diameter of cores

Core press form: A: Press plate B: Tie rode

P0kgL: Active losses per KG of Core Structure in Limbs.

P0kgY: Active losses per KG of Core Structure in yokes.

P0kgR: Active losses per KG of Core Structure in return Limbs.

S0kgL: Reactive losses per KG of Core Structure in limbs.

S0kgY: Reactive losses per KG of Core Structure in yokes.

S0kgR: Reactive losses per KG of Core Structure in return limbs.

Core lamination: A: Step lap B: Over lap

Some example Picture of frequently used core form and related dimension Parameters

Core form 12
Core form 20
Core form 22
Core form 30
Core form 32
Example of core pockets sizing
Example of front view of core coordinate generated by software
Example picture of top view of core coordinate generated by software
 Load modes related parameters

M : Segment index
W : Winding index
T : Terminal index
AV E.L.F [%] : Average eddy losses factor of segment
MAX E.L.F [%] (Max - Zmitte): Maximum eddy losses factor of segment
H.S.F : Hot spot factor of segment
RI^2[KW] : DC losses of segment
PK [KW] : AC losses of segment
Qolw ['k] : Increment of oil temperature alone the segment
Qwo ['k] : Temperature rise of segment to oil
Toilmin ['k] : Minimum temperature of oil
Toilmax ['k] : Maximum temperature of oil
Axial Conductor : Conductor number (first bottom conductor number is 1) .

Coordinate Y [MM] : Coordinate of conductor with ( Reference is bottom yoke Y=0).

Eddy Losses Factor [%]: Eddy losses factor in conductor

 Load mode setup
In menu Initialize\load mode setup after pressing create standard mode by consulter software automatically create critical load modes. Critical load
modes are modes that may cause maximum losses or hot spot. Software automatically activate or deactivate load mode but user can change situation of load
mode to Activated or Not activated or Show in results and use as limitation of analyze or Show in results and use as limitation of analyze and parameter of
TOC.

Load mode setup parameters information:

• Auto suggestion for PZ : If this input be Activated, software automatically calculate PZ ( eddy losses in tank , yoke beams , pressing plates , ... ) by
approximation . If this input be not activated, user must input manually this value in suggestion for eddy losses in tank and fittings input.
• Load mode name: Indication for load mode that create automatically by software.
• Load mode situation : This input may choose one of bellow list
1. Activated: If user chooses this option software only show results for this mode and don't consider any other limitation about this
mode.
2. Not activated: If user choose this option software don't show results for this mode and don't consider any other limitation about this
mode.
3. Show in results and use as limitation of analyze: If user choose this option software show results for this mode and consider
limitations about this mode.
4. Show in results and use as limitation of analyze and parameter of TOC: If user choose this option software show results for this mode
and consider limitations about this mode and calculate TOC for this mode.
• Winding power: Power of winding in one wounded leg.
• Winding voltage: Voltage of winding in one wounded leg.
• Winding power angle: Current angle of winding. This angle is respected to winding with 0 defined angles.
• Ky (KGAMA): Coefficient that corresponded to average magnetic field of winding for calculation of losses of winding with approximated method in
automatic analyzing.
• HV terminal power: Total power of HV terminal.
• HV terminal power angle: Current angle of HV terminal (Normally bushings).
• LV terminal power: Total power of LV terminal.
• LV terminal power angle: Current angle of LV terminal (Normally bushings).
• TW terminal power: Total power of TW terminal.
• TW terminal power angle: Current angle of TW terminal (Normally bushings).
• Maximum acceptable PK: Defines maximum load losses limitation for current load mode.
 Load mode Calculation
In this form included some tools for calculation of magnetic field in selected regions & eddy losses and temperature rise and hot spot point of winding
segments and total tank dissipation power of tank & eddy losses of tank and fittings and many other values depended to this calculation.
 How to use load mode calculation
Notice: This is library design base tools.
Step1, Step2, Step 3 , Step 4 , Step 5 , Step 6
Step 1: Complete parameters in menu initialization\ load mode setup
Step 2 : In menu analyzing \ Library press button " Load mode calculation " and select desired load mode by browsing in tree view of load modes and then
press button " Magnetic field & losses & tank dissipation power " see below picture :

Step 3: Press button “Set segment data to lib design “In load mode calculation form. After this action segment generator create segments according to
design structure. User can use general setup for creation of segments. See picture:
Step 4: Complete input Parameter: Some parameters not complete automatically and user must complete them.
o General
ƒ Number of segments: Create automatically after pressing of button "Set segment data to lib design" Time of calculation.
 ƒ Time of calculation: (Default is Zero). Origin for time is segments with ' 0 ' degree of current (Normally Segments belong to HV
terminal main winding have ' 0 ' degree of current.)
ƒ Total additional losses of tank and fittings: This INPUT/OUTPUT parameter. After Calculation of Eddy losses of Tank and Fitting
this parameter re correct.
ƒ No Load losses
o Active part coordinate( This parameters must be entered directly by user Active part distance to tank bottom plate
ƒ Active part distance to tank top plate
ƒ Active part distance to tank left plate
ƒ Active part distance to tank right plate
ƒ Active part distance to tank north plate
ƒ Active part distance to tank south plate

See below pictures to understand these parameters:

o Magnetic system dimensions ( These parameters come from library design but user can change to desired values )
ƒ BF
ƒ ES
ƒ BS
ƒ HF
ƒ DS
ƒ BR
 ƒ ESR
ƒ BJ
ƒ SS
o Accuracy ( These parameters have default values but user can change to desired values )
ƒ Number of mesh in Y direction : This parameter define number of calculation point in Y direction ( This value could be between 5 to
500 )
ƒ Number of mesh in X direction :This parameter define number of calculation point in X direction ( This value could be between 5 to
500 )
ƒ Plot accuracy in X and Y direction [ % ]: This parameter define percentage of calculation point that use for Plot graphs.( This value
could be between 1 to 100 )
ƒ Calculation Accuracy in Y direction : This parameter is an internal value for calculation algorithm for calculation of field in Y
direction ( This value could be 1 to 10 )
ƒ Calculation Accuracy in X direction This parameter is an internal value for calculation algorithm for calculation of field in X direction
( This value could be 1 to 10 )
o Material information (These parameters have default values that come from menu Setup\General form.)
ƒ Conductivity of Ferro-Mag. Plates in 20'c
ƒ Permeability of Ferro-Magnetic Plates
ƒ Conductivity of No Ferro-Mag. Plates in 20'c
ƒ Permeability of No Ferro-Magnetic Plate
ƒ Permeability of Core Sheets
ƒ Conductivity of Win. Conductor in 20'c
ƒ Conductivity of Core Sheets
o Body definition (Notice 1: These parameter must be entered Manually or create automatically by pressing button ' Set ' located in this tab.
Notice 2 : all bodies have cubical shape.). After complete this values user can see this bodies in front or top view of active part
coordinate by pressing button ' Top View of act. Part coor. In tank ' or ' Front View of act. Part coor. In tank ‘. All of bodies have
Characteristics as below :
ƒ Included: If this parameter be ' Yes' software consider this body for calculation of eddy losses.
ƒ Y[mm]: Distance of bottom surface of body to bottom tank plate.
ƒ Height/Length: Height or Length of body.
ƒ Width
ƒ Thickness
 ƒ Material : After create focus on Text field of this input by pressing of " ENTER" type of material will change from " Non Ferro
magnetic " to " Ferro magnetic "
ƒ Slot num.: Some bodies with bar shape like ' pressing plates ' must be divided along width for reducing of eddy losses. This
parameter defines number of slot in this body.
ƒ Bodies that could be analyze in this software are as below :
1. Tank left surface shielding
2. Tank right surface shielding
3. Tank north surface shielding
4. Tank south surface shielding
5. Top yoke beams
6. Bottom yoke beams
7. Pressing plates
Step 5: User can use four tools according to his needs by pressing of buttons
1. ‘Calc. eddy loss in tank and fittings. ‘: After pressing of this button soft ware create the massage "Do You Want Transfer Value of ''Tank and
Fitting eddy Losses'' to next Stage of Library Calculation?”. If user choose 'Yes' software Consider final result of eddy losses in tank and
fitting as an input for calculation of tank dissipation power else software use previous defined value in ' Total general eddy losses in tank and
fitting ' without change. Also this value may change manually.
2. ’Calc. eddy losses in win. And tank dis. : After calculation of eddy losses of tank and fitting user can calculate eddy losses in windings and
total tank dissipation power.
3. ' Calc. field in selected regions ' : After selection of desired region(s) press button ' Calc. field in selected regions ' selected regions can be as
follow:
ƒ Core window
ƒ Tank Right-hand
ƒ Tank Left-hand
ƒ Tank North-side
ƒ Tank South-side
4. ’Calc. over loading capability '.
2. Step 6: Reporting of results and inputs: User can create report from input values by pressing button “Text of general inputs “and button “Report “.
After selection of “Plot device “User can create report from results. Plot device may be Screen, File, or Printer. Text results could be report by printer
or save to file by pressing of button “Export Text to file ". Other reports could be created by pressing button " Plot eddy losses of windings " or
3. “Plot filed in selected regions” or “plot filed curve in line ".
Example of eddy losses factor winding graph
 Calculation of eddy losses of windings
Important: This is a Library design based Tool.
This tool calculate eddy losses factor , temperature rise , hot spot , ... in windings and also total tank dissipation power for defined load mode .This tool create
output graph for eddy losses factor or text output for eddy losses factor and text output for other result values. Simplified of this tool used in automatic
analyzing step 2.
Parameters information & Text output example:
Losses Calculation program TLC 1.0.61
User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\item2_1pol_ver2\item2_1pol_ver2.TDS
Load mode Name: Mode5: Cooling: ONAN Tap position: Lower
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 1-Library Design 1

Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 24 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 40 MVA

------------------------------Eddy Losses and Temperature rise of Windings and Tank Dissipation factor------------------------------
M W T AV E.L.F [%] MAX E.L.F [%] H.S.F RI^2[KW] PK [KW] Tolw ['k] Two ['k] Toilmin ['k] Toilmax ['k]
1 1 TW 3.8 25.7 1.21 3.51 4.44 7.08 22.27 34.58 56.85
2 2 LV 9.8 21.4 1.11 2.05 2.74 4.97 8.65 34.58 43.23
3 3 LV 16.0 16.8 1.01 2.18 3.07 5.25 8.89 34.58 43.47
4 4 LV 6.8 103.5 1.91 35.81 46.58 9.28 14.08 34.58 48.66
5 5 HV 5.0 23.8 1.18 5.89 7.54 1.69 0.00 34.58 0.00
6 5 HV 5.7 28.1 1.21 5.89 7.58 1.70 8.39 34.58 42.97

SUM 55 71.95 12.04 34.58 46.63

Terminal HV 12 1.70
Terminal LV 40 8.84
Terminal TW 4 7.08
Total losses of Core and Windings and Tank and Fittings [P0+PK+PZ ]: 28.6 + 72.0 + 1.1 = 101.7 [KW]
Tank Dissipation Losses: 128.7
Hottest segment belong to: TW with temp. Rise: 22.27
 Example of text result for eddy losses factor of winding
Losses Calculation program TLC 1.0.61
User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\item2_1pol_ver2\item2_1pol_ver2.TDS
Load mode Name: Mode5: Cooling: ONAN Tap position: Lower
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 1-Library Design 1

Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 24 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 40 MVA
------------------------------Eddy Losses Factor of windings in all Conductors. ---------------
Segment Index: 1 :< TW>Layer
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Axial Conductor Coordinate Y [MM] Eddy Losses Factor [%]
1 248.9 25.66
2 255.2 22.00
3 261.5 19.86
4 267.8 18.19
5 274.2 16.76
6 280.5 15.50
7 286.8 14.39
8 293.1 13.39
9 299.4 12.50
10 305.7 11.69
11 312.0 10.96
12 318.3 10.30
13 324.7 9.69
14 331.0 9.13
 Calculation of eddy losses & temperature rise of tank and fittings

Important: This is a Library design based Tool.

• This tool calculate eddy losses and temperature rise and Flux density in tank parts ( Bodies) as bellow :
1. Tank left side plate
2. Tank right side plate
3. Tank north side plate
4. Tank south side plate
5. Left side plate shielding
6. Right side plate shielding
7. North side plate shielding
8. South side plate shielding
9. Pressing plates
10. Top yoke beams
11. Bottom yoke beams
See example for text result
 Example of text eddy losses & temperature rise of tank and fittings.
Losses Calculation program TLC 1.0.61
User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\item2_1pol_ver2\item2_1pol_ver2.TDS
Load mode Name: Mode13: Cooling: ONAF Tap position: Lower
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 1-Library Design 1

Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 24 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 40 MVA
------------------------------------------Eddy Losses and Temperature rise of Tank surface and Bodies inside of tank-------------------------------------------------

ID Body name Eddy Losses [KW] Is Include Material Temp rise [.K] Flux density [T]
1 Top Plate 0.03 Yes Ferro Magnet Steel 0.0\0.0\0.2\0.3 ----
2 Bottom Plate 0.08 Yes Ferro Magnetic Steel 0.0\0.0\0.6\0.4 ----
3 Left Side Plate 0.00 Yes Ferro Magnetic Steel 0 ----
4 Right Side Plate 0.00 Yes Ferro Magnetic Steel 0 ----
5 North Side Plate 0.99 Yes Ferro Magnetic Steel 6 ----
6 South side Plate 1.68 Yes Ferro Magnetic Steel 16 ----
7 Left Side Plate Shielding 0.00 No Silicon Steel --- 0.00
8 Right Side Plate Shielding 0.00 No Silicon Steel --- 0.00
9 North Side Plate Shielding 0.00 No Silicon Steel --- 0.00
10 South Side Plate Shielding 0.00 No Silicon Steel --- 0.00
11 Pressing Plates 0.03 Yes Non Ferro Magnetic --- ---
12 Top Yoke Beams 0.07 Yes Ferro Magnetic --- ---
13 Bottom Yoke Beams 0.03 Yes Ferro Magnetic --- ---
-----------------------------------------------------------
Total eddy Losses in Tank and Fittings: 2.9
 Magnetic Field Calculation
Important: This is a Library design based Tool.
This tool is depended to load mode and calculate magnetic field for defined load mode in active system or reactive system in selected region and show
results in text or plot picture for desired results to selected device. These tools create Top view and front view of core & bodies coordinate for visual checking.
• Selectable regions for calculation of magnetic field:
1. Core window
2. Tank-right hand
3. Tank-left hand
4. Tank-south side
5. Tank-north side
• Selectable device for plot of magnetic field results :
1. File
2. Screen
3. Printer
• Selectable plot picture for desired results :
1. Flux direction :
2. Constant HX: Show constant magnetic field in X direction.
3. Constant HY: Show constant magnetic field in Y direction.
4. Constant magnetic field: Show constant total magnetic field line.
5. H amplitude: Show magnetic filed amplitude curve.
6. Field line :
 Magnetic field related parameters for text output

X : X coordinate of Calculation point .

Y : Y coordinates of Calculation point .

HX-R : Real part of magnetic field in X direction .

HX-I : Image part of magnetic field in X direction .
|HX| : Amplitude of magnetic field in X direction .
HX-ph : Phase angle of magnetic field in X direction .
HY-R : Real part of magnetic field in Y direction .
HY-I : Image part of magnetic field in Y direction .
|HY| : Amplitude of magnetic field in Y direction .
HY-Ph : Phase angle of magnetic field in Y direction .
|H| (T=0) : Amplitude of magnetic field in Time=0 (Segment with 0 angle is reference for time)
H-Ph (T=0) : Phase angle of magnetic field in Time=0 (Segment with 0 angle is reference for time)

Example of text magnetic field outputs

Losses Calculation program TLC 1.0.61

User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\item2_1pol_ver2\item2_1pol_ver2.TDS
Load mode Name: Mode5: Cooling: ONAN Tap position: Lower
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 1-Library Design 1

Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 24 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 40 MVA
Region: Core Window

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<Text Output Data of Magnetic field>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

X Y HX-R HX-I |HX| HX-ph HY-R HY-I |HY| HY-Ph |H| (T=0) H-Ph (T=0)
[MM] [MM] [A/MM] [A/MM] [A/MM] [DEG] [A/MM] [A/MM] [A/MM] [DEG] [A/MM] [DEG]
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 12 0 12 0 -10 0 -10 0 0 0
6 0 18 0 18 0 -50 0 -50 0 0 0
9 0 30 0 30 0 -90 0 -90 0 0 0
12 0 35 0 35 0 -150 0 -150 0 0 0
15 0 36 0 36 0 -200 0 -200 0 0 0
Example picture for field line
Example picture for flux direction
Example picture for H amplitude
Example picture for constant HX
Example picture for constant HY
Example picture for Magnetic field constant
 Over loading
This tool creates over loading curve and also text result for transformer with IEC 60354 Guide for over loading. Two mode of over loading solve by this tool
1. Normal Cyclic over loading: Text result and graph result for this type of over loading is available.
2. Long time emergency over loading :graphs for Permissible duties , minimum resting time , ageing rate for Long time emergency over loading could
be created .
 Example text for normal cyclic over loading
Over loading Calculation program 1.0.61
User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\shotu_africa_var2\shotu_africa_var2.TDS
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 188-Library Design 2

Transformer Data:
Three Phase ONAN Power of HV 150 MVA, Three Phase ONAF Power of HV 250 MVA
Three Phase ONAN Power of LV 150 MVA, Three Phase ONAF Power of LV 250 MVA
Three Phase ONAN Power of TW 24 MVA, Three Phase ONAF Power of TW 40 MVA
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<General Inputs>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Max acceptable hot spot temp. In normal cyclic loading: 130

Max acceptable top oil temp. Normal cyclic loading: 115
Max acceptable hot spot temp. In Long time emergency loading: 160
Max acceptable top oil Temp. In Long time emergency loading: 115
Weight of oil of transformer [TON]: 45
Weight of empty tank of transformer [TON]: 45
Design ambient Temperature: 40
Average loading ambient Temperature [.C]: 20
Maximum loading ambient Temperature [.C]: 40
Maximum loading ambient Temperature [.C]: 40
Ageing rate for Normal Cyclic over loading [%]: 100.0
Hottest Segment temperature rise: 20.00
Hot spot Factor: 1.30
Gcu+Gfe 102.4
Total load losses [KW] 198.4
No load losses [KW] 71.5
Tank Dissipation losses in 55. [k] of oil temp rise [KW] 250.1
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Out put result for normal cyclic loading>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
T1/T2=0.5/23.5 T1/T2=1/23 T1/T2=2/22 T1/T2=4/20 T1/T2=8/16
K1/K2 K1/K2 K1/K2 K1/K2 K1/K2

1 0.20/1.66 0.20/1.57 0.20/1.43 0.20/1.28 0.20/1.15

2 0.30/1.63 0.30/1.54 0.30/1.41 0.30/1.27 0.30/1.14
3 0.40/1.59 0.40/1.50 0.40/1.39 0.40/1.25 0.40/1.14
4 0.50/1.53 0.50/1.46 0.50/1.35 0.50/1.23 0.50/1.13
5 0.60/1.47 0.60/1.41 0.60/1.31 0.60/1.21 0.60/1.12
6 0.70/1.40 0.70/1.34 0.70/1.27 0.70/1.18 0.70/1.11
7 0.80/1.32 0.80/1.28 0.80/1.22 0.80/1.15 0.80/1.09
8 0.90/1.23 0.90/1.20 0.90/1.16 0.90/1.12 0.90/1.08
9 1.00/1.12 1.00/1.11 1.00/1.10 1.00/1.08 1.00/1.07
 Example graph for long time emergency over loading

• Ageing rate example graph

• Permissible duties graph example
• Minimum rest time graph example
 Example graph for normal cyclic over loading

•
 Inrush Currents
Important: This is a Library design based Tool.
This tool calculates Inrush current in terminals when energizing transformer from each terminal. Results could be reported to file or printer in text mode or
Graph.Damping curve of inrush current are available in output shape and also damping time constant and Half amplitude time are some of output results.
This software create inrush current curve by solving differential equation in two region of B-H Curve. one region is non saturated core region another is
saturated core region. these two regions are defined by µr and µs parameters. See B-H Curve used by software below:
Parameters information
1. Frequency
2. Ds : Core diameter
3. Qs: Cross section of wounded limb.
4. Switching angle : Angle of energizing for transformer terminal ( Reference for this angle is 90' shifted to 0 Voltage )
5. Saturation Induction: Knee point of magnetic system.
6. Core Induction
7. µr : Nominal permeability of core.
8. µs : Saturated permeability of core.
9. Calculation accuracy: This parameter used for solving differential equation accuracy.
10. End time / time Constant: Defines region of calculation time.
11. Plot Accuracy
12. BR/Bmax: Residual induction ratio to Maximum induction of core.
13. Vector Group
14. Core Lamination
15. Energizing Side: Terminal side for calculation of inrush current.
Main winding characteristics
1. Resistance of windings
2. Height of winding
3. Inner diameter of winding ( HW )
4. Width of winding ( BW )
5. Turn Of winding
6. Line voltage
Example of inrush current Curve
 Text example of inrush current
Inrush current Calculation program 1.0.61
User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2\barg_tehran_210mva_1pol_var2.TDS
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 54-Library Design 2
Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 410 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 630 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 410 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 630 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 78 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 130 MVA
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<General Inputs>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

Frequency: [HZ] 50
Core Diameter: [MM] 930
Core Cross Section: [CM^2] 6056.256
Residual Induction/Nominal Induction): 0.8
Switching Angle (Refer to Residual Flux angle): [DEG] 0
Saturation Induction: [T] 2.04
Core Nominal Induction: [T] 1.690
Nominal Relative Permeability of Core: 25000
Saturated Relative Permeability of Core: 2.5
Vector Group: Yna0d1
Core lamination Type: Step lap
Energizing Side: HV
Energizing Side line Voltage: 400
----------------------------
Main Winding Characteristics:

Inner Diameter: [MM] 1200

Width of winding: [MM] 57
Height of winding: [MM] 2328
Width of winding: [MM] 57
Resistance of Winding: [Mohm] 200
Turn of Winding: 170
----------------------------
Results:

Damped Inrush Current: 69.02 [KA]

Un damped Inrush Current: 70.95 [KA]
Damping Time constant: 0.38 [Sec.]
Half amplitude time: 0.27 [Sec.]
 Winding category

Winding category:
1- Main
2- Tap.
3- Auxiliary

Winding Summary information

• This software can create design with following type of windings :
1. Disk
2. Layer
3. Helical
4. IL
5. ILM
6. IL Helical
7. ILM Parallel
• Axial and Radial Interleave factors ( AIF , RIF ): This factor means that radial or axial current path returns back from end of axial or radial turns to
Beginning of axial or radial turns. This connection used windings for creating more winding capacitance and proper voltage distribution and other
purposes.
o Rules in this version of software :
1. For Disk type winding RIF=1 or 2 and AIF=1 or 2
2. For IL type windings AIF=Number of steps and RIF=1
3. For IL Helical type winding AIF*RIF=Number of steps
4. For ILM and ILM parallel AIF=2 , RIF=1
o Following pictures show some example of axial or radial interleave factors:

Notice: Same number of wire connected to each other

Example 1: IL Helical winding with AIF=2, RIF=5, PDR=1, PDA=1, Example 2: IL type winding with PDA=1, PDR=1, AIF=4, RIF=1,
Number of steps=10 Number of steps=4
Example 3: Double disk with PDA=2, PDR=2, AIF=2, RIF=2
Example 4: ILM type winding with AIF=2, RIF=1, PDA=1, PDR=1
 Disk type windings
• Normally disk type winding with up to 8 radial (PDRW ) wire and up to 2 axial (PDAW) wire is wounded and spacers located between two disks for
creating radial cooling channels. Some time more than one disk located between two axial channels so NSK may be more than 1. Disk type windings
can have axial and radial interleave factors user can create different type of double disk sorts with combination of radial and axial interleave factors
and also PDR and PDA as follows :
o Full combed interleave double disks ( Type A )
o Half combed interleave double disks ( Type B )
o Not combed interleave double disks ( Type C )
o Not interleave double disks ( Type D )

(Example with PDA=2, NSK=1)

Full combed interleaved double disk example:
Half combed interleaved double disk example:
Not combed interleaved double disk Example
Not interleaved double disk Example
 Helical type windings
• Main Characteristics :
1. PDAW=1.
2. PDRW is up to 20(depending to workshop limits).
3. PDRW=PDR.
4. It is better to have PHYSICAL TURN be multiple of PDRW.
5. WR=1, WA= PHYSICAL TURN.
6. It is better to use flat wire.
Helical type windings are similar to layer type windings with only one layer and PDAW=1 and PDRW is up to 20 (depending to workshop limits) so in this
type of windings WR is equal to 1. Type of transposition of radial wire is different from layer type. In helical type transposition of radial wire is done in radial
duct and number of transpositions is equal to number of radial wire minus 1. Height of transposition radial duct must be a little greater than of width of wire. If
number of turn be equal or multiple of number of radial wire (PDRW ) then length of wire between two transpositions for all wires are symmetrical and current
distribution is equal for all wires. Like disk type windings may has axial duct between wires for oil circulation.
 Radial transposition structure in Helical type winding:
PDR=6 , TURN=12

:
 IL Helical (interleaved Layer-Helical) type windings
• Main Characteristics :
1. AIF * RIF =Number making of steps
2. WR = RIF
3. WA = AIF * WSTEP
4. PDRW = PDR * RIF
5. PDRW = AIF * PDA
• This type is like helical in physical characteristics (but with no wire transposition in radial direction) and like IL type has axial and radial interleave
wires. This type is used only in fine tap windings. total number of fine steps is equal to AIF * RIF. If RIF=1, WR=1 then is winding is equal to IL with
one layer. See pictures below :
PDAW = 4 , AIF = 2 , RIF = 5 , Number making of steps = 10 , PDA =1 , PDR = 1 , PDRW = 2 , PDRW = 5

:
• This type is very useful with two parallel parts in large power transformer with main winding with two parallel parts. exit lead of two parallel part of
main winding come out between these two parallel parts. See picture below for this arrange

:
 IL (Interleaved Layer) type windings
• Main Characteristics :
1. PHYSICAL TURN / WR = AIF * WSTEP
2. For full radial interleaved AIF * RIF * WSTEP= PHYSICAL TURN
3. Normally connected leads creates for all steps.
4. Normally is used for fine or coarse tap windings.
5. for this type series capacitance increase by AIF and RIF.
• Normally this type of windings is used for tap windings. IL type windings are similar to layer type with full axial interleave. If this type is used for fine
tap winding then PHYSICAL TURN / WR = AIF * WSTEP and some times in this case fine tap winding is full radial interleave then AIF * RIF *
WSTEP= PHYSICAL TURN .Normally for fine tap windings IL type has connection lead for each WSTEP but some times some of steps don't have
connection leads and this excess steps used only for reaching desired height of winding or other mechanical purpose . If this type used for coarse tap
winding then normally AIF=2 and usually is enough for increasing series capacitance and reduce transient voltage drop along the winding. See
pictures below for some type of IL windings :
WR=1 , AIF=4 , RIF=1 WR=2 , AIF=4 , RIF=1 WR=2 , AIF=4 , RIF=2
 ILM parallel (Interleaved Layer middle parallel connection) type windings
• Main Characteristics :
1. AIF = 2
2. RIF = 1
3. WR = 1
4. WA = PHYSICAL TURN
5. This type winding only is used for Fine tap windings.
6. PDAW = 2 * PDA
7. This type winding only can be external (last) winding.
This type is similar to ILM but with two parallel part in axial direction. These two parts have different winding direction for symmetrical current distribution in
different tap steps. Also this type is used for tap winding.
 Example picture for ILM parallel:
WSTEP=3, AIF=2, PDAW=2, PDA=1, Number making of steps=6

:
 ILM (Interleaved Layer middle connection) type windings
• Main Characteristics :
1. AIF = 2
2. RIF = 1
3. WR = 1
4. WA = PHYSICAL TURN
5. This type winding only is used for Fine tap windings.
6. PDAW = 2 * PDA
7. This type winding only can be external (last) winding.
This type have special shape of connection of leads. This type only is used for fine tap windings and only with WR=1 because connection lead come out
along the external surface of winding. For this type AIF=2 and RIF=1 and PDAW=2 * PDA . Some steps are right wound and some steps are left wound. For
example an ILM winding with 10 steps have 4 steps with Left and 6 steps with right wound. This arrangement of steps and step directions useful for
symmetrical current distribution. Series capacitance in this type is smaller than IL type but mechanical strength and stability and creepage distance between
two steps is higher. Choosing IL or ILM type is depended to optimization of transformer and many other parameters like axial length, tap selector size of tap
changer, winding current and some workshop limits.
 Example picture for ILM:
WSTEP=3, AIF=2, PDAW=2, PDA=1, Number making of steps=10
 Layer type windings
• Main Characteristics :
1. PDRW<=2.
2. It is better PDAW<=10 (Work shop and design limitation).
3. It is better WR<10.
4. It is better to has equal turn in layers.
5. WR=Number of layer.( WR )
6. Noil (Number of axial oil duct) =WR (Number of layer) -1.
7. PDAW / PDA = AIF
• Layer type windings normally is wounded with up to 2 radial wire (PDRW<=2) and Axial wire (PDAW<=10). Normally number of layers ( WR ) are less
than 10 in power transformers and number of turn in axial direction is equal to physical turn divided by number of layers ( if number of turn in layers
be equal ) . These are workshop and some times design limits. For 2 radial wires must be 1 transposition of wire in radial direction and for 3 radial
wires must be 2 transposition of wire in radial direction and etc. In layer windings with high current some times radial transposition of wire is done
from a layer to next layer for equal division of current in wires. Normally an axial oil duct located between two layers. Width of this axial duct (Boil ) is
an input data. Normally number of axial oil duct equal to number of layer minus one number of axial cooling surface ( Axial NM ) are twice of number
of layer if no cylinder is clove on the layer surface. This type may have radial oil duct between axial wires. Number of axial wire between two radial oil
ducts is called NSK . If number of axial wire and height of each wire be big then may cause to big Ampere-turn hole in top and bottom of winding and
some problem in magnetic forces and axial structure of supports. All of this create limits for best choice of wire, NSK, AIF, PDAW ... Normally it is
better to use this type of winding for system voltage of UM<=36KV.
Example picture for Layer windings:
PDA=3, PDR=1, WR1 =2, NSK=1
• Layer winding can have radial or axial interleaved. See Following examples for axial or radial interleaved layer. Axial Full interleaved layer normally
used as fine tap winding and named IL type winding . In some times one layer winding with AIF=2 and RIF=1 use as coarse tap winding. In some
cases (normally in auto transformers) with two layer radial interleaved (RIF=2) are used. With increasing of AIF can increase series capacitance of
winding and reduce voltage drop along winding and also reduce tap selector size of tap changer.
AIF=4, RIF=1 AIF=1, RIF=4
See transposition figure in layer windings in following shape:
 Segments
• Segment is a part of winding that has different characteristics from another parts. Segment generator of software create segments base on the
windings construction and tools. Segment base tools use segments details for exact calculation of desired parameters. Segment base tools are as
following :
1. Calculation of magnetic Field
2. Calculation eddy losses & Hot spot & ... of windings & tank dissipation power
3. Calculation of eddy losses & temperature rise of tank and fittings
4. Short circuit axial & radial forces & safety factors & ...
• See example of created segments in Short circuit axial & radial forces & safety factors
• User can use setup for segment generator. This setup defines percentage of winding without ampere-turn that could be considered as a segment and
height of windings that could be considered as one segment. These parameters define accuracy of modeling of winding structure by segments. See
picture below :
 Series and Parallel connection of winding parts
Four important parameters indicate for software number of series or parallel part of winding:
1. NSPDL: Number of series parts belong to a winding in different limbs.
2. NSPSL: Number of series parts belong to a winding in same limbs.
3. NPPDL: Number of parallel parts belong to a winding in different limbs.
4. NPPSL: Number of parallel parts belong to a winding in same limbs.
Follow examples to understand how to indicate series or parallel part of windings in a transformer:
Example 1 : Specification : Number of Phases =1 ,Number of wounded limbs =2 , NPPSL=1 NPPDL=1 , NSPSL=2 , NSPDL=2
Example 2 : Specification : Number of Phases =1 ,Number of wounded limbs =2 , NPPSL=2 NPPDL=2 , NSPSL=1 , NSPDL=1
Example 3 : Specification : Number of Phases =3 ,Number of wounded limbs =3 , NPPSL=2 NPPDL=4 , NSPSL=1 , NSPDL=1
Example 4 : Specification : Number of Phases =1 ,Number of wounded limbs =4 , NPPSL=2 NPPDL=2 , NSPSL=1 , NSPDL=1
 Short circuit mode setup
Important: This is an Input parameters based Tool.
In menu Initialize\Short circuit modes setup after pressing create standard mode by consulter software automatically create all possible short circuit
modes in three pole or one pole faults software automatically activate or deactivate this modes corresponded to network characteristics defined in this form.
Parameters information:
1. Short circuit mode name: This input complete automatically by software.
2. Short circuit mode situation: This input could be Activated or Not activated.
3. Active network side:
1. HV : Selection of HV network identify that this network connected to energized network line
2. LV : Selection of LV network identify that this network connected to energized network line.
3. TW: Selection of TW network identify that this network connected to energized network line.
4. Short circuit side :
1. HV : Selection of HV side identify that consulter activate short circuit modes that is done in this line.
2. LV: Selection of LV side identify that consulter activate short circuit modes that is done in this line.
3. TW: Selection of TW side identify that consulter activate short circuit modes that is done in this line.
4. HV+LV : Selection of HV+LV side identify that consulter activate short circuit modes that is done in HV and LV side simultaneity.
5. HV+TW: Selection of HV+TW side identify that consulter activate short circuit modes that is done in HV and TW side simultaneity.
6. LV+TW : Selection of LV+TW side identify that consulter activate short circuit modes that is done in LV and TW side simultaneity.
5. Connected network to HV , LV , TW
o System voltage : System voltage of network
o Short circuit power : Apparent short circuit power of Network
o Z0/Z1: Ratio of Zero sequence to direct sequence impedance of network.
6. Production Tolerance of UK: After calculation of UK (Impedance voltage) software use this tolerance for calculation of maximum possible of short
circuit current corresponded to UK after making and testing of transformer.
7. Terminal HV and LV Z0/Z1 : Ratio of Zero sequence to direct sequence impedance between HV and LV terminal.
8. Terminal HV and TW Z0/Z1: Ratio of Zero sequence to direct sequence impedance between HV and TW terminal.
9. Terminal LV and TW Z0/Z1: Ratio of Zero sequence to direct sequence impedance between LV and TW terminal.
10. HV , LV , TW reactor or resistor :
0. Zn of Neut. Rea. or Res. [ % ] : If a neutral reactor or resistor connected to neutral of terminal , impedance of this reactor or resistor must
be entered here.
1. Z of Series Rea. or Res. [%]: If a series reactor or resistor connected to line or phase of terminal, impedance of this reactor or resistor must
be entered here.
2. Base Power [MVA]: Base power for reactor or resistor.
 How to use short circuit modes setup
Notice: This is library design base tools.
Step 1: Complete parameters in menu initialization \ Short circuit mode setup .
Step 2: In menu analyzing \ Library press button "S.C Current & Voltage & Forces" and select desired short circuit mode. In this page user can see results
of short circuit voltages and currents in feeding or loading line and transformer. See parameters information > See picture below
Step 3: Press button "Short circuit forces". In short circuit forces page press button "Set to library design". This action create input parameters of segments
according to library design. (See input parameters information’s ). User can change setup of segment creation before this action. Note: User can change all
input data manually to desired value and then use next steps.
Step 4: Press button “Forces calculation “.
Step 5: After completion of calculation user can see results in following manner:

• Text result after pressing "Covert I/O to text" button.

• Table result after pressing "Show segment outputs" bottom.
• Detailed results after pressing "Detailed forces output" button.
• Plot and graph result after pressing '" Plot draw & graph" button.

Depended tools:

1. User can export / import text or detailed results by button "Export to file" or "Import from file" as FCO files.
2. User can save / open total input data as TFC files.
 Short circuit axial & radial forces & safety factors &...
Important: This is a Library design based Tool.
This tool calculates static short circuit forces with segment base parameter in radial or axial direction and also safety factors & number of radial or axial
supports & total compressive forces & needed forces for workshop pre-pressing and final pressing & many other parameters depended to this matter. output
result could be in graph or draw or text mode also text results of detailed values.
 Parameters information of short circuit calculation
• Short circuit mode input Parameters
• S.C Current & Voltage & Forces parameters information See also
• Short circuit calculation output parameters ( For text view mode )
• Short circuit calculation input parameters
o SN
o BS
o SS
o E
o ES
o UE
o I.FAC
o HF
o BF
o DS
o RP.2
o ESR
o BJ
o Core F. ( Core form ) : ( Description 1 ) ( Description 2 )
o M
o W
o G
o IW
o DI
o Hcu
o PE
o YD
o Y1
o Y2
 o L0
o BW
o BAA
o NAA
o NX
o NY
o SEG

More information about PE (short circuit forces parameters :

PE: factor for calculation of clamping forces.

PE= (QW*EW) / (QSA*ESA)
QW: Bare cross-section of winding part subjected to the pressing in MM^2
EW: modulus of elasticity of the insulation material within the winding part in N/MM^2
QSA: cross section of the supports of the windings in MM^2
ESA: modulus of elasticity of the insulation material at the front side of the winding in N/MM^2

1. EW / ESA:

• When winding insulation made of paper and end supports made of press board:

EW / ESA= EP / EPR=1 / 6
EP: modulus of elasticity of paper
EPR: modulus of elasticity of pressboard.

• When winding insulation made of paper and press board and end supports made of press board:

EW / ESA=1 / ((LWPR+LWP) / LW* EPR / EP) =1/ ((LWPR+LWP) / LW * 6)

LWPR: Axial length of the press board in winding part
LWP : Axial length of the paper in winding part
LW= LWPR + LWP

2. QW / QSA: depending on type of winding and end supports cross section:

End supports Winding without radial duct Winding without radial duct

Ring shape end supports 1 NAA * BAA / DM * BSA

Section block of end supports DM * PI / ( ZSA / BSA ) NAA * BAA / ZSA * BSA

DM: Mean diameter of Segment

NAA: Number of axial support (Spacers)
BAA: Width of axial supports (Spacers)
ZSA: Number of section block of end supports.
BSA: Width of section block of end supports.
 Short circuit currents & voltage parameters information

Cas : Indicate number for short circuit case.

Tap. : Tap position in witch short circuit is happened.
Type : Type of short circuit (1pol or 3pol)
S.Cin : Indicate terminal in witch short circuit is happened.
Feed : Indicate terminals that connected to energized line.
ILT : Indicate terminals line current.
IPT : Indicate terminal line voltage.
IWT : Indicate winding ampere turn.
INT : Indicate terminal neutral current.
VLnet : Indicate network line voltage.
PLnet : Indicate network current phase.
ILnet : Indicate network line current.
Vneut : Indicate neutral terminal voltage.
Pneut. : Indicate neutral terminal current phase.
Example of short circuit forces draw

.
Example graph for short circuit forces
 Short circuit forces text result parameters information.

SN : Number of segments

SS : see core parameters

E : Modulus of elasticity of the conductor (Copper = 113000 N/MM^2, Aluminum = 65000 N/MM^2)
ES : Mean distance between two wounded limbs.
I.FAC : Impulse factor of short circuit current=SQR (2) * K
HF : Height of core window.
BS : see core parameters
RP.2 : Permissible stress in the conductor in N/MM^2 (Copper=80-180 N/MM^2, Aluminum=30 N/MM^2)
ESR : Mean distance between a wounded limb and unwounded limb.
BF : width of core window.
DS : see core parameters
CF : Core form.
BJ : see core parameters
M : Segment indication number.
W : Winding indication number.
G : Parameter show pressing of segment (0: Isn't pressed by previous segment , 1: is pressed by previous segment)
IW : Ampere turns of segment.
HCU : Total height of blank Conductor in axial direction.
PE : parameter related to relative elastic module of paper and press board
YD : Axial distance of top pressing ring bottom edge to bottom pressing ring top edge
Y1 : Axial distance of top edge of bottom yoke to bottom edge of segment. (See Picture below)
Y2 : Axial distance of top edge of bottom yoke to top edge of segment (See Picture below)

L0 : Axial height of compressible part of segment located under the segment (See Picture below)

BW : width of segments.
BAA : Width of spacers.
NAA : Number of spacers. (Input/Output)
NX : Number of division in Radial direction for each segment.
NY : Number of division in Axial direction for each segment.
SEG : Text description about segment

Top edge:

1. IW : Ampere turns of top edge of segment.

2. HOT : Height of conductor of top edge of segment.
3. NA : Number of conductor in top edge of segment for one turn in axial direction
4. BOT : Width of conductor of top edge of segment
5. NR : Number of conductor in top edge of segment for one turn in radial direction.

Bottom edge:

1. IW : Ampere turns of bottom edge of segment.

2. HOT : Height of conductor of bottom edge of segment.
3. NA : Number of conductor in bottom edge of segment for one turn in axial direction
4. BOT : Width of conductor of bottom edge of segment
5. NR : Number of conductor in bottom edge of segment for one turn in radial direction.

Qcu : Total cross section of segment conductor.

Smax : Maximum radial Stress in segments.
FUE1 : Axial outer forces calculated with UE>0 (See Picture below)
FUE2 : Axial outer forces calculated with UE>0 (See Picture below)
FAMAX : Maximum axial internal forces.
FV : Initial workshop Clamping (pressing) force
FE : Final workshop Clamping (pressing) force (1/k^2*FVOR )
P1 : Workshop impresses forces on winding equals to .75 * FEIN
P2 : Workshop impresses forces on winding equals to 1.25 * FEIN
ZKRITT : Calculated Number of Strip bars (Duct spacer).
ZKMIN : Calculated Number of Strip bars by rounding to dividable number to 4.
FU in Top Edge : Axial outer forces of segment or winding in top edge.
FU in Bottom Edge : Axial outer forces of segment or winding in Bottom edge.
F-Axial Maximum Inside: Maximum internal forces inside of segment or winding.
Axial Tension : Maximum axial stress on support and conductors.
UE : imaginary axial displacement of segments for calculation critical value for forces (See Picture below)
 Example of short circuit forces text result

Calculation program TFC-ver 1.0.61

User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\item2_1pol_ver2\item2_1pol_ver2.TDS
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 1-Library Design 1
Mode number: 1
Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 24 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 40 MVA
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<General Input data>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
SN SS E ES I.FAC HF BS RP.2 ESR BF DS Core.F BJ
6 726 113300 2239 2.55 2242 740 100 1392 1499 760 12 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
M W G IW DI HCU PE YD Y1 Y2 L0 BW BAA NAA NX NY SEG
1 1 0 -186256 1315 616 .6 2172 243 1959 218 36 25 32 2 18 TW
2 2 0 324010 1480 533 .4 2172 240 1963 183 20 25 32 1 18 FEIN
3 3 1 324010 1480 533 .66 2172 240 1963 183 20 25 32 1 18 FEIN
4 4 0 -2101315 1650 1344 1.01 2172 181 2021 161 142 35 32 6 19 US
5 5 0 819775 1900 504 .45 2172 1101 1995 187 145 25 32 6 9 OS
6 5 0 819775 2000 504 .44 2172 207 1101 187 145 25 32 6 9 OS
 -------------Top Edge------------------ -----------Bottom Edge--------------
M W G IW HOT NA BOT NR IW HOT NA BOT NR Qcu
1 1 0 0 5 2 2 17 0 5 2 2 17 384
2 2 0 0 7 2 2 8 0 7 2 2 8 182
3 3 1 0 7 2 2 8 0 7 2 2 8 182
4 4 0 -21889 14 1 2 40 -21889 14 1 2 40 844
5 5 0 14639 9 1 2 48 14639 9 1 2 48 377
6 5 0 14639 9 1 2 48 14639 9 1 2 48 377
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<General output data>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Tap position: Lower
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
M Smax FUE1 FUE2 FAMAX FVOR FEIN P1 P2 NAA ZKRITT ZKMIN
1 0.1 5.0 -0.7 15.3 9.6 2.9 2.2 3.7 0 2 4
2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 2 4
3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 2 4
4 52.1 -193.8 125.9 1349.6 990.3 304.6 228.4 380.7 19 61 64
5 71.8 -1453.3 -1605.1 1605.1 511.3 157.3 118.0 196.6 29 100 104
6 71.8 1601.6 1449.1 1601.6 1249.8 384.4 288.3 480.5 26 100 104

------ FU in Top Edge------ ------FU in Bottom Edge------ F-Axial Maximum inside --Axial Tension--
---UE>0--- ---UE<0--- ---UE>0--- ---UE<0--- --UE>0--- ---UE<0---
M W G
1 1 0 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.74 12.5 14.6 0.5
2 2 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 3 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 4 0 0.00 125.89 193.78 0.00 1386.0 1349.6 8.7
5 5 0 148.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 1604.7 1592.3 13.8
6 5 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 155.99 1601.6 1607.8 13.8
 Short circuit forces text result with details

Force Calculation program TFC-ver 1.0.61

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
User: Anasory
File: \\ITRI-K034\E:\TDS Designs\data\Anasory\item2_1pol_ver2\item2_1pol_ver2.TDS
Design Name: Engine created Design ID= 1-Library Design 1

Transformer Data:
ONAN Power of HV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of HV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of LV 120 MVA, ONAF Power of LV 200 MVA
ONAN Power of TW 24 MVA, ONAF Power of TW 40 MVA

--------------------------------------------------Tap position: Lower ------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------ 1 :< TW>Layer ---------------------------------------------------
Seg. Se.Pa Tap Y FX (UE>0) FX (UE<0) S (UE>0) S (UE<0) FY (UE>0) FY (UE<0)
mm KN KN N/MM^2 N/MM^2 KN KN
1 0 1 243 12.1 16.2 0.3 0.4 112.5 0.0
1 1 1 338 21.8 24.8 0.6 0.6 126.3 21.8
1 2 1 433 27.3 28.8 0.7 0.8 129.9 36.0
1 3 1 529 29.5 30.2 0.8 0.8 129.8 47.5
1 4 1 624 30.4 30.7 0.8 0.8 127.7 57.6
1 5 1 719 30.9 31.0 0.8 0.8 124.2 66.5
1 6 1 815 31.2 31.2 0.8 0.8 119.8 74.4
 Calculation of current & Voltage & phase in short circuit mode
Important: This is a Library design based Tool.
This tool calculate short circuit currents and voltage in terminal of transformer in all possible short circuit case in 1pol and 3pol short circuit Mode. Text outputs
of this tool appear include outputs of step2 in automatic or library designing. Results could be show in text mode or graph mode . This tool consider 1pol short
circuit in phase [U] and calculate desired value in other phases. This soft ware calculate 63 cases for 3 terminal transformers and 15 case for 2 terminal
transformers.
 Short circuit text detailed results parameters information
Seg. : Index for segment.
Se.Pa: Indication number for Part of segment (each segment divide to NY parts)
Y : Coordinate of segment part with bottom yoke coordinate y=0
FX (UE>0): Radial force of segment with UE>0
FX (UE<0): radial force of segment with UE<0
S (UE>0) : Radial stress of segment with UE>0
S (UE<0) : Radial stress of segment with UE<0
FY (UE>0): axial force of segment with UE>0
FY (UE<0): Axial force of segment with UE<0

Example of short circuits & voltage text example

Condition HV [U] LV [U] TW [U]
----------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------
Cas Tap. Type S.Cin Feed ILT IPT IWT INT ILT IPT IWT INT ILT IPT IWT INT
1 Lower 3POL HV HV+LV+TW 2.5 2.5 3857.8 0.0 -4.8 -2.3 -3672.0 0.0 -2.4 -1.4 -186.3 0.0
2 Lower 3POL HV+LV HV+LV+TW 0.1 0.1 163.5 0.0 0.2 0.3 178.6 0.0 -4.4 -2.5 -342.0 0.0
3 Lower 3POL LV HV+LV+TW -2.6 -2.6 -4019.1 0.0 5.5 2.9 4206.3 0.0 -2.4 -1.4 -186.6 0.0

Condition HV [U] LV [U] TW [U]

------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------
Cas Tap. Type S.Cin Feed VLnet PLnet ILnet VLnet PLnet ILnet VLnet PLnet ILnet
1 Lower 3POL HV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 52.4 170.5 0.0 4.8 15.3 0.0 2.4
2 Lower 3POL HV+LV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 52.4 0.0 0.0 37.6 11.3 0.0 4.4
3 Lower 3POL LV HV+LV+TW 380.4 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 37.6 15.2 0.0 2.4

Condition HV [N] LV [N] TW [N]

---------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Cas Tap. Type S.Cin Feed Vneut Pneut. Vneut. Pneut. Vneut. Pneut.
1 Lower 3POL HV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 Lower 3POL HV+LV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Lower 3POL LV HV+LV+TW 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
 Vector Group connection
Important: This is an Input parameters based Tool.
Vector group symbol input box:

With this input box user input vector group without any mistake.
Auto Analyze Phase Vector Group: Software can automatically analyze winding wound direction and phase to phase lead connection for desired vector
group and suggest all possible option that user can choose one of them. For example for Vector group "Yna0d11" software suggest 24 options all bellow :
<Standard options are frequently used and no Standard options not used so much >

Option 1
Option 2

Option 3

Option 4
Option 5

Option 6

Option 7
Option 8

Option 9

Option 10
Option 11

Option 12

Option 13
Option 14

Option 15

Option 16
Option 17

Option 18

Option 19
Option 20

Option 21

Option 22
Option 23

Option 24
 Add remove user
User can add or remove user with personal password in Menu Setup \ Clients. Software create in installation drive a folder in path Drive name \Data\Use
name.

When starting software list users and each user must select own user name.