ThyssenKrupp Materials International

Austenitic Corrosion Resistant Steel Material Data Sheet

Steel Designation: Name Material No.

X6CrNiTi18-10 1.4541

Scope
This data sheet applies to hot and cold-rolled sheets and strips, semi-finished products, bars, rolled wires and profiles as
well as to seamless and welded tubes for pressure purposes.

Application
Instruments and construction parts in the food industry, luxury food, film and photo industry as well as for articles of daily
use in the household; power station construction.
Due to the Ti-alloy, the resistance to intergranular corrosion is also guaranteed in the welded condition.

Chemical composition (heat analysis in %)

Product form C Si Mn P S N Cr Ni Ti
C, H, P ≤ 0.08 ≤ 1.00 ≤ 2.00 ≤ 0.045 ≤ 0.0151) - 17.00 - 19.00 9.00 - 12.00 5xC bis 0.70
L ≤ 0.08 ≤ 1.00 ≤ 2.00 ≤ 0.045 ≤ 0.030 1) - 17.00 - 19.00 9.00 - 12.00 2) 5xC bis 0.70

TW ≤ 0.08 ≤ 1.00 ≤ 2.00 ≤ 0.0453) ≤ 0.0153) - 17.00 - 19.00 9.00 - 12.00 5xC bis 0.70

TS ≤ 0.08 ≤ 1.00 ≤ 2.00 ≤ 0.040 ≤ 0.0151) - 17.00 - 19.00 9.00 - 12.002) 5xC bis 0.70

C = cold-rolled strip; H = hot-rolled strip; P = hot-rolled sheet; L = semi-finished products, rods, rolled wires and profiles;
T W = welded tubes; T S = seamless tubes
1)
A regulated sulphur content of 0.015 – 0.030 % has to be agreed for products, which have to be processed.
2)
If it should be necessary to minimize the content of the delta ferrite, the maximum content of nickel can be raised by 1 %.
3)
For tubes, which are welded without filler metals, P + S 0.040 % max.

Mechanical properties at room temperature in solution annealed condition

Product form Thickness 0,2 % 1% Tensile Elongation Impact energy
strength (ISO-V)
Yield strength A1) A1) Room temperature
R p0,2 R p1,0 Rm % min % min ≥ 10 mm Dicke
mm max N/mm² min N/mm² (longitudinal) (transverse) J min J min
(longitudinal) (transverse)
C 8 2203) 2503) 520 - 7203) - 40 - -
H 13,5 2003) 2403) 520 - 7203) - 40 100 60
P 75 2003) 2403) 500 - 7003) - 40 100 60
L 160 190 4)
225 4)
500 - 700 4) 40 - 100 -
L 250 2)
190 7)
225 7)
500 - 700 7) - 30 - 60
TW 60 180 5)
215 5)
460 - 680 5) 35 30 100 60
TS 6) 60 180 5)
215 5)
460 - 680 5) 35 30 100 60

1) gauge length and thickness according to DIN EN 5) longitudinal test piece, external diameter > 508 mm
2) > 160 mm 6) hot manufactured
3) transverse test piece, with product width < 300 mm longitudinal test piece 7) transverse test piece
4) longitudinal test piece 8) at Rt and at -196 °C

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Reference data on some physical properties (for guidance only)

Density at 20 °C Modulus of elasticity Thermal conductivity Specific thermal Specific electrical resistivity
kN/mm² at at 20 °C capacity at 20 °C at 20 °C
kg/dm³ 20 °C 200 °C 400 °C 500 °C W/m K J/kg K Ω mm²/m
7,9 200 186 172 165 15 500 0,73
Mean coefficient of thermal expansion 10-6 K-1 between 20 °C and
100 °C 200 °C 300 °C 400 °C 500 °C
16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0

Guidelines on the temperatures for hot forming and heat treatment1)

Hot forming Heat treatment AT (solution annealed), Microstructure

Temperature °C Type of cooling Temperature °C2)3)4) Type of cooling Microstructure

1150 until 850 air 1000 until 1100 water, air Austenite with very few
shares of ferrite

1)
For simulative heat treated test pieces the temperatures for solution annealing have to be agreed.
2)
Solution annealing is in applicable, if the conditions for the hot forming and the concluding cooling are in such a way that the
requirements for the mechanical properties of the product can be maintained.
3)
If heat treatment is carried out in a continuous annealing furnace, usually the upper area of the mentioned temperature range is
preferred or even exceeded.
4)
For heat treatment within subsequent processing, the lower area of the stated temperature range for solution annealing has to be
aspired, as otherwise the mechanical properties could be affected. If the lower limit for the solution annealing temperature was
not undercut during hot forming, while repeating annealing a temperature of 980 °C as the lower limit is sufficient.

Processing / welding
For these steel types can be considered the following welding processions:
TIG-welding Arc welding (E)
MAG-welding solid wire Submerged arc welding (SAW)
Laser beam welding
Process Filler metal

similar higher alloyed

TIG Thermanit H – 347 1.4551 Thermanit A 1.4576

Thermanit JE – 308L 1.4551
MAG solid wire Thermanit H Si 1.4551 Thermanit A Si 1.4576
Thermanit JE – 308L Si 1.4551
Arc welding (E) Thermanit JE Special 1.4551 Thermanit A Special 1.4576
Thermanit HW 1.4551 Thermanit AW 1.4576
Thermanit HE Spezial 1.4551
SAW Wire Powder Wire Powder
Thermanit H-347 Marathon 431 Thermanit A Spezial Marathon 431
Marathon 213 Marathon 213
Thermanit JE – 308L Marathon 431
Marathon 213
Laser beam welding See page 3
When choosing the filler metal, the corrosion stress has to be regarded, as well. The use of a higher alloyed filler metal
can be necessary due to the cast structure of the weld metal.
A preheating is not necessary for this steel. A heat treatment after welding is normally not usual.

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Austenitic steels only have 30 % of the thermal conductivity of non-alloyed steels. Their fusion point is lower than that of
non-alloyed steel therefore austenitic steels have to be welded with lower heat input than non-alloyed steels. To avoid
overheating or burn-thru of thinner sheets, higher welding speed has to be applied. Copper back-up plates for faster heat
rejection are functional, whereas, to avoid cracks in the solder metal, it is not allowed to surface-fuse the copper back-up
plate.
This steel has an extensively higher coefficient of thermal expansion as non-alloyed steel. In connection with a worse
thermal conductivity, a greater distortion has to be expected.
When welding 1.4541 all procedures, which work against this distortion (e. g. back-step sequence welding, welding
alternately on opposite sides with double-V butt weld, assignment of two welders when the components are accordingly
large) have to be respected notably. For product thicknesses over 12 mm the double-V butt weld has to be preferred
instead of a single-V butt weld. The included angle should be 60° - 70°, when using MIG-welding about 50° are enough.
An accumulation of weld seams should be avoided. Tack welds have to be affixed with relatively shorter distances from
each other (significantly shorter than these of non-alloyed steels), in order to prevent strong deformation, shrinking or
flaking tack welds. The tacks should be subsequently grinded or at least be free from crater cracks.
1.4541 in connection with austenitic weld metal and too high heat input the addiction to form heat cracks exists. The
addiction to heat cracks can be confined, if the weld metal features a lower content of ferrite (delta ferrite). Contents of
ferrite up to 10 % have a favorable effect and do not affect the corrosion resistance generally. The thinnest layer as
possible have to be welded (stringer bead technique) because a higher cooling speed decreases the addiction to hot
cracks.
A preferably fast cooling has to be aspired while welding as well, to avoid the vulnerability to intergranular corrosion and
embrittlement.
1.4541 is very suitable for laser beam welding (weldability A in accordance with DVS bulletin 3203, part 3). With a
welding groove width smaller 0.3 mm respectively 0,1 mm product thickness the use of filler metals is not necessary. With
larger welding grooves a similar filler metal can be used. With avoiding oxidation within the seam surface during laser
beam welding by applicable backhand welding, e. g. helium as inert gas, the welding seam is as corrosion resistant as the
base metal. A hot crack hazard for the welding seam does not exist, when choosing an applicable process.
1.4541 is also suitable for laser beam fusion cutting with nitrogen or flame cutting with oxygen. The cut edges only have
small heat affected zones and are generally free of micro cracks and thus are well formable. While choosing an applicable
process the fusion cut edges can be converted directly. Especially, they can be welded without any further preparation.
While processing only stainless tools like steel brushes, pneumatic picks and so on are allowed, in order to not endanger
the passivation.
It should be neglected to mark within the welding seam zone with oleigerous bolts or temperature indicating crayons.
The high corrosions resistance of this stainless steel is based on the formation of a homogeneous, compact passive layer
on the surface. Annealing colors, scales, slag residues, tramp iron, spatters and such like have to be removed, in order to
not destroy the passive layer.
For cleaning the surface the processes brushing, grinding, pickling or blasting (iron-free silica sand or glass spheres) can
be applied. For brushing only stainless steel brushes can be used. Pickling of the previously brushed seam area is carried
out by dipping and spraying, however, often pickling pastes or solutions are used. After pickling a carefully flushing with
water has to be done.

Remark
In quenched condition the material can be slightly magnetizable. With increasing cold forming the magnetizability
increases.

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Editor
THYSSENKRUPP MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL GMBH
Technical Sales / Quality management)
Am Thyssenhaus 1
45128 Essen

References
DIN EN 10088-2:2005-09 Beuth Verlag GmbH, Postfach, D-10772 Berlin
DIN EN 10088-3:2005-09
DIN EN 10216-5:2004-11
DIN EN 10217-7:2005-05
MB 821 "Properties" Informationsstelle Edelstahl Rostfrei, Postfach 10 22 05,
MB 822 "The converting of stainless steel" D-40013 Düsseldorf
DVS data sheet 3203, part 3 Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS Verlag GmbH,
Postfach 10 19 65, D-40010 Düsseldorf
Laser beam electric arc cutting of stainless steels Thyssen Lasertechnik GmbH, Aachen
Laser beam – longitudinal welding of profiles of stainless steel
Böhler Schweisstechnik Deutschland GmbH, Hamm

Important note
Information given in this data sheet about property or applicability of materials respective products are no assurance of
characteristics but serve for description.
Information, with which we like to advise you, relate to the experience of the producers and our own. Warranty for the
results of the treatment and application of the products cannot be granted.

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