Chapter 3 Data Visualizations

Objective Type Questions

1) Data can be visualized using :

a) Graphs

b) Maps
c) Charts
d) All of the above
Ans. d
2) Which of the following statements is false?
a) Data visualizations can absorb information quickly.
b) Data visualization decreases the insights and takes slower decisions

c) Data visualization is a type of visual art.

d) None of the above
Ans. B
3) Which of the following is a use of data visualization ?
a) Healthcare
b) Sales and Marketing
c) Politics/Campaigning
d) All of the above
ans. D
4) Bar Graph is a
a) One-dimensional graph
b) Two-dimensional graph
c) Graph with no dimension
d) None of the above
Ans. a
5) The data represented through a histogram can help in finding graphically the
a) Median
b) Mean
c) Mode
d) All of the above
Ans. C
6) Pie chart is a
a) One-dimensional graph
b) Two-dimensional graph
c) Graph with no dimension
d) None of the above
Ans. B

7) Can a Line chart be used to plot multiple variables.

a) Yes
b) No
Ans. a

8) The height of your classmates is recorded and arranged in ascending order. The
data is represented as histogram. What type of shape does the histogram have
a) Right-skewed Distribution
b) Left-skewed Distribution
c) Bimodal Distribution
d) Random Distribution
Ans. B
Standard Questions
1) Give a examples of real-life use of data visualization.
Ans :- Below are the few examples of real-life use of data visualization which are :-
a) Tracking students progress with score cards :- Generally every educational institution
records the score cards of every students for a longer period of time. The maintaining /
recording of students scorecard helps the parents and teachers in analysing the students
progress. It also helps in understanding the students strengths and weakness in a particular
subject.
As a result the teacher and parent can make proper assessment/ help/guidance to the
students.
b) Identifying usage trend of a website :- Assume that you are the website administrator and
you are keen interested in knowing/identifying the pattern whenever many of the people
visits the website. for doing this it is essential for you to track the visitors/users who visits
the websites and the track of the time when the visitors had visited etc. if the same kind of
data is been placed/plotted on the graph, then definitely you’ll quickly identify about the time
when the users or visits mostly visits.
c) Monitoring the goals and results of a sales executives :- Every business organizations set
up their business goals and as per it the sales executives works on it in order of achieving it.
After visualizing the sales records in the charts or graphs pictures, the sales executives can
have a clear idea about how much nearer to their desired goal and what else steps they are
needed to take.
d) Visualizing spread and inputs of pandemics :- As we are much aware that recently the
entre world is been effected by the one of the greatest pandemic COVID 19. Data
Visualizations techniques enables the government and other bodies in identifying the mostly
affected countries or regions/areas etc. As a result, it also helps the government or other
bodies in taking preventing measures/ actions.
2) Explain the importance of data visualizations.

Ans :- Data visualizations is a method/tool of showing/displaying the raw data in the way of
different graphs which later helps the users in exploring of data and uncovering the actual
idea. There is a presence of different types of information all around us, so it is a very
challenging task for the user in viewing the data and getting the actual idea of it. If the data
is displayed in the form of various graph charts, maps etc, which will provide the user the
context of the data. Even it will be very helpful in converting the complicated/simple data
into the simple way. This will help the human mind in understanding the importance of the
data. Visualizations helps us in recognizing and choosing the right form of data from
different types of meaningless data trends, patterns, and outliers. With the help of Data
visualization technique, it has become much easier in communicating the information in a
faster way. Such technique benefits the viewers, business analyst and the company
executives in analysing the areas where the changes are required to be made, considering/
identifying the factors which determines the customers satisfaction and dis satisfaction.
Data visualization also enables the customers, company owners, decision makers etc in
predicting about the total revenue and the potential growth.
3) Explain a few graphs/charts used for data visualizations.
Ans :- The graphs/charts which are used for data visualizations are as followed :-
a) Dot Plots :- It is the graphical method of showing of data in the form of dots. Dot Plots
were earlier used before the invention of computers in the year 1884 where the data was
been distributed hand drawn. It was used to display the quantitative values which were
associated with the categorical values.
b) Bar Graphs :- It the graphical method of data representation where different heights of
bars are been used. As the data is been represented with the help of bars in Bar Graph, so
the plotting of the data could be easily done in the horizontally and vertically manner. The
another name of vertical bar graph was charts or graphs. In the bar graph, the data
(elements) are represented in such a manner that the bars do not touches each other.
c) Histogram :- It is the representation or plotting of data or frequencies against the
intervals. It is necessary to convert the data into intervals in order to draw histogram. Such
types of intervals are also called as logical ranges or bins. Histogram also makes use of
different heighted bars for representing of data. We can summarise the discrete and
continuous data with the help of histogram. Histogram also shows the number of data points
that falls within a given set of values (called bins) to provide a visual representation of
numeric data. Similar to vertical bar graph, histogram does not show the gaps between the
bars. Histogram also enables in representing the value of the frequency distribution mode
graphically.
4) Give few examples of Multi-variable and Single – variable plots
Ans :- The examples of Multi-variable and Single-variable plots are as followed :-
a) Single-variable plots :- In the following example we can notice, we have a survey of 35
students on what food they prefer. Below is the response in the form of data :-

Food Item No of Students

Dosa 10

Vada Pav 25

Pizza 20

Ice Cream 30

b) Multi-variable plots :- Following we have the survey of how many students enrolled in
schools 1 and 2 from 1995-2006. The data is been given below :-
b) Multi-variable plots :- Following we have the survey of how many students enrolled in
schools 1 and 2 from 1995-2006. The data is been given below :-

Year No of Students in School 1 No of students in school 2

2011 114 129

2012 127 122

2013 131 151

2014 130 118

2015 125 123

2016 116 130

2017 119 122

2018 140 138

2019 146 133

 2020 137 145

2021 122 130

2022 141 110

5) The value of pi (n) up to 55 decimal places is given below :

3.1415926535 8979323846 2643383279 5028841971 6939937510 58209
a) Make a frequency distribution table for the digits from 0 to 9 after the decimal point

Digits Frequency

0 3

1 5
 2 6

3 8

4 4

5 6

6 4

7 4

8 6

9 9

Total 55

c) Find the most and the least frequently occurring digits?

Least Frequently Occurring digits Most Occurring Digits

0 —> 2 Times 9 —> 9 Times