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The document discusses closed-loop control systems. It provides an introduction to closed-loop control systems, their properties, goals, examples, advantages, and disadvantages compared to open-loop systems. It also discusses differences between open and closed-loop systems in terms of components, stability, accuracy, optimization, and response to disturbances.

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26 views12 pages

Presentation 1

The document discusses closed-loop control systems. It provides an introduction to closed-loop control systems, their properties, goals, examples, advantages, and disadvantages compared to open-loop systems. It also discusses differences between open and closed-loop systems in terms of components, stability, accuracy, optimization, and response to disturbances.

Uploaded by

Thewry Kurko
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Erbil Polytechnic University

Koya Technical Institute


Pet. Tech. / Operation & Control

CLOSED-LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM

Prepared by: Lecturer:


• 1. Ashqi Sadeq Mr. Ahmed A. Ahmed
• 2. Shabaz Hajed
• 3. Zebar Omar
• 4. Shajwan Kamaran
Contents
• Introduction
• Properties
• Goal
• Example
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Differences
Introduction
• A closed loop control system is a mechanical or electronic device that automatically
regulates a system to maintain a desired state or set point without human interaction.
It uses a feedback system or sensor. Closed loop control is contrasted with open
loop control, where there is no self-regulating mechanism and human interaction is
typically required.
Properties
• Closed-loop control systems derive their valuable accurate reproduction of the input
from feedback comparison. An error detector derives a signal proportional to the
differences between the input and output. The closed-loop control system drives the
output until it equals the input and the error is zero. Any differences between the
actual and desired output will be automatically corrected in a closed-loop control
system. Through proper design, the system can be made relatively independent of
secondary inputs and changes in component characteristics.
Goal
• A closed loop control system is a mechanical or electronic device that automatically
regulates a system to maintain a desired state or set point without human interaction.
It uses a feedback system or sensor.
Example
• A simple example of a closed loop control system is a home thermostat. The
thermostat can send a signal to the heater to turn it on or off. It uses a temperature
sensor to detect the current air temperature. When the temperature is below the set
point, it turns the heater on. When the sensor detects the temperature is above the set
point, it turns the system off.
Advantages
• The main advantage of the closed-loop control system is its automatic error
correction feature that enables the system independent or less dependent on human
monitoring. Along with that, it can stabilize the unstable system, can increase, or
decrease the system sensitivity based on the user requirement, and can respond
better to external disturbances as compared to the open-loop control system.
Disadvantages
• Proper care should be taken in the design of the feedback path, otherwise, it can
affect the system stability. In addition, it can affect the system’s gain. They need a
complex design, the feedback elements will incur significant cost spending, and
their initial, as well as maintenance costs, are high.
Differences between Open Loop and
Closed Loop System
• The open loop system means the output of the system is free from their input. In the
closed-loop system, the desired output depends on their input.
• The open loop system is called the non-feedback system while the closed loop is the
feedback system.
• The control and controlled process are the two components of the open loop system.
The closed loop requires some components likes an amplifier, controller, controlled
process, feedback system etc.
• The construction of systems is easy because few elements are used in the system.
The construction of the closed-loop system is quite difficult.
• The open loop system is not reliable whereas the closed-loop system is reliable.
• The accuracy of the system is less as compared to the closed-loop system.
Differences between Open Loop and
Closed Loop System (cont.)
• The open loop system is more stable as compared to a closed loop system. Here the word
stable means the output of the system remains constant even after the disturbances.
• The open loop system is not optimized, whereas the closed-loop system is optimized.
• The open loop system gives the fast response, whereas the closed loop system gives the slow
response.
• The calibration of open loop system is difficult as compared to the closed-loop system.
• In an open loop system, the disturbance affected the output, whereas in a closed loop system
the output is not much affected by the disturbances.
• The output control system has a non-linear response, whereas the input control system has
linear responses.
References
• https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/closed-loop-control-system
• https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/systems/closed-loop-system.html
• https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/modern-control-system/9780471249061/sec1-
03.html#:~:text=Closed%2Dloop%20control%20systems%20derive,and%20the%2
0error%20is%20zero.
THANK YOU
Any questions?

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