SAMPLES

ACTION RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The primary purpose of the study is to improve the reading skills of Grade IV pupils of Sta. Elena Elementary School
through the utilization of digitalized reading materials. Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of reading skills of Grade IV pupils at Sta. Elene Elementary School before the intervention?
2. What is the level of reading skills of Grade IV pupils at Sta. Elene Elementary School after the intervention?
3. How can the digitalized reading materials be used in improving the Grade IV pupil's reading skills?
4. What are the remarkable experiences of the researcher and participants throughout the implementation of the
study?
5. What action plan can be made based on the study's findings?

Proposed Innovation, Intervention and Strategy

 Provide Important Details for Each Component Activity

 State the roles/responsibilities of the people in each component activity of the IIS.
 Present the schedule of the conduct of the component activities of the IIS.
 Identify the locations/venues/settings of each component activity of the IIS.

Strategy Description of Resources Needed Timeline/Place/Schedule Person Responsible

Strategy
Guessing Teacher will Flash Cards January 1-7, 2023 Teacher Researcher
Game show/demonstrate Classroom Pupil Participants
through through body Quarter 1
action gesture/language Week 1
with facial
expression
Identification of the Pick Me Up The Alphabet January 10-15, 2023 Teacher Researcher
letters of the teacher let Card Classroom Pupil Participants
alphabet the pupils pick the Quarter 1
letter inside the Week 2
box and let
her/him to identify

Data Gathering Method (Sample)

For question no. 1. to determine the percentage of Full Refresher learners before, during, and after the
intervention, the Rapid Literacy Assessment pre-, midline and post-will be administered to the research
participants.
On the other hand, qualitative data-gathering tools will be used for questions no. 2 and 3
To explore how Project REY can be used to improve the reading level of Grade 2 participants, observation
and focus group discussion will be employed while individual interviews and focus group discussion will be used
to describe the participants’ experiences throughout the implementation of the intervention. While describing the
experiences of the researchers, the data will come from their reflection notes and personal narratives.
During the interview and focus group discussion, interview protocol will be evident during the data-gathering
process.
The interviewer will make sure rapport is maintained during the undertaking. According to Weinberg
(1996), rapport means more than just putting people at ease. It means convincing the participants that the
researcher listens, understands, and is interested in what the participants are talking about and that they should
continue talking. Grand tour questions will be used. They are related types of questions or native language questions,
which ask for an example in the respondent's own words. Probing is designed to be as open as possible, and is
developed based on their responses to allow rich detail to be brought up during the interview. The researcher’s mobile
phones will be used as instruments for recording the responses of the participants to ensure accurate transcription of
data.
Semi-structured interviews will be used as data collection techniques. A semi-structured interview is a
qualitative method of inquiry that combines a pre-determined set of open questions (questions that prompt
5. discussion) with the opportunity for the interviewer to explore particular themes or responses further. (Bueno,
2016). The researcher will review the transcripts for transcribing for data analysis. Patterns and themes that emerged
across interviews will be analyzed. Bueno (2016) cited Moxham (2012) and states that researchers have a moral and
legal obligation to protect any individual’s privacy. Therefore, to ensure the confidentiality of the responses of the
conversation partners, the following measures will be observed:
(1) The name of the participant will not be used, instead, a code will be assigned to each one.
(2) The video-recorded interview will be on the personal laptop of the researcher which is password-protected.

Ethical Issues

The participants will be made to understand what is the study about and their involvement. Since the
participants are elementary pupils, the consent of their parents will be sought through duly-signed parents’
consent. The form contains the ethical considerations that must be observed throughout the study as mentioned
in the book of Bueno (2016) “Practical Qualitative Research Writing”. They are (a) the purpose of the research;
(b) what is expected of a research participant, including the amount of time likely to be required for participation;
( c ) expected risks and benefits; (d) the fact that participation is voluntary and that one can withdraw at any time
with no negative repercussions; ( e ) how confidentiality will be protected; and (f) the name and contact
information of the lead researcher to be contacted for questions or problems related to the research.
"The federal standard is that the person must have all of the information that might reasonably influence
their willingness to participate in a form that they can understand and comprehend," says Koocher, dean of
Simmons College's School for Health Studies.
All data, e.g., pre and post-assessment scores, audio recordings, and transcripts during interviews and
focus group discussion will be safely kept.

Data Analysis Plan

1. The Rapid Literacy Assessment results in pre-, during, and post will be used as comparative data
progression and the percentage of Full Refresher learners will be used for comparative results before,
during, and after the implementation of Project REY.
2. To explore how (state your intervention) can be used to improve the reading literacy of Grade 2– participants,
the researcher's observation notes and transcripts of the focus group discussion of the participants
will be subjected to Thematic Analysis to identify patterns and emergent themes.
3. Thematic Analysis will also be used to describe the experiences of the researchers and participants
throughout the implementation of Project REY.
Dr. Richard Boyatzis, a professor of organizational behavior at Case Western Reserve University who
wrote the book, Qualitative Information: Thematic Analysis and Code Development (1998) describes thematic
analysis as a process for “encoding qualitative information.” Further, designresearchtechnique.com stresses that
in Thematic Analysis, information from semi-interviews is transcribed. Key quotes are highlighted, coded, and
sorted into themes.
A 10-step procedure to analyze data as presented by Hancock (2002) will be utilized to ensure reliability
and validity of the findings. These are:
(1) Read through the manuscript and note down significant information
(2) Make a list of the types of information obtained
(3) Categorize items in the list
(4) Sort out major and minor categories
(5) Compare and contrast the categories
(6) Move on to the next transcript and repeat the process from stage 1. New categories may arise but a point
will be reached when no more categories can be identified
(7) Collect all extracts from the interviews and place them in specific categories
(8) Ensure that all items of the data are in the correct category
(9) Check if the categories can fit together to form the theme
(10) Check the original copies of the transcript for anything that might have been missed.
The key findings in the data presentation will be reported under each main theme or category, using
appropriate verbatim quotes to illustrate those findings. The discussion will be incorporated into the findings
chapter.
 Work Plan and Timeline

This work plan and timeline lay out the major stream of activities or deliverables needed to complete the study.
Preparation Phase
Activities Persons Responsible Resources Needed Schedule Target Outcome
Internet Connectivity January 10, 2024 Approved letter
Submission of Letter Researcher Laptop request
request to the SDS Bond Paper
Printer
Submission of Action Researcher Internet Connectivity January 15, 2024 The action research
Research Proposal MTRTL Laptop manuscript was
Bond Paper submitted to the
Printer receiving section
Discuss the study to Participants Attendance Sheet January 18, 2024 100% Teacher
the identified Parents Minutes of the Researcher
participants Researcher meeting Participants
and their parents and School Head attendance of
seek their consent concerned parents
during the discussion
Implementation Phase
Activities Persons Involved Resources Needed Schedule Target Outcome
rd
Conduct Midline test Teacher Researcher Bond paper 3 week of January All of the participants
(Midline Test Results) Participants Printer 2024 had taken the test
Laptop with a 77% MPS.
Printed test papers
Note: Place here all the activities during your implementation period
Post-Implementation Stage
Activities Person’s Involved Resources Needed Schedule Target Outcome
Interview Teacher Researcher Interview Guide 2nd week of February Got the participants’
Participants/or Participants Questionnaire 2024 points of view,
Conduct FGD/writing Researcher’s experiences, feelings,
of researchers’ Notebook and perspectives
personal narratives

Note: What else? What are your other activities? Add rows and columns in each Phases

Plan for Dissemination and Utilization

This study will be conducted for School Year 2023 – 2024. The results of this study will enlighten a new

way for more research endeavors that will embark on the future. This study may also serve as

a reference for more researchers in other aspects of their field with different settings and participants.

The following are the proposed plans of the researcher to disseminate the result and advocacy of the

study:

1. Findings of the study will be presented to the parents of the school through the PTA officers and during

homeroom PTA meetings.

2. Results of the study will be presented during School meetings / in-service training (INSET/SLAC Session. .

3. The results of the study will be presented to the Local Government Unit of Barangay Pag-asa.

4. Findings of the study will presented to the School, District, and Schools Division Research

Committee (SDRC).

5. The Action Research will be showcased during the District Colloquium and Division Research Congress.

References
Almeida, A., Gaerlan A., & Manly, N. (2016). Research Fundamentals, From Concept to Output, A Guide for

Researchers & Thesis Writers. Adriana Publishing Co.,Inc,. Quezon City

Bueno D. (2016). PRACTICAL QUALITATIVE RESEARCH WRITING. Great Books Trading. Quezon City

Boyce, C & Neale, P ( 2006).“Conducting in-depth Interviews: A Guide for Designing and Conducting In-Depth

Interviews”, Pathfinder International Tool Series

Calimpong L.M. (2004). School Factors: Reasons Attributed to Algebra Underachievement. A Thesis Presented
to the Faculty of the Graduate School La Consolacion College Bacolod City
Hancock B. Trent. Focus for research and development in primary health care: An introduction to qualitative

research. UK: Trent Focus 2002. https://benthamopen.com/contents/pdf/TOEDUJ/TOEDUJ-5-1.pdf

Komori. Thematic Analysis. http://designresearchtechniques.com/casestudies/thematic-analysis/

Smith (2003).Five Principles for Research Ethics. American Psychological Association,

,http://www.apa.org/monitor/jan03/principles.aspx

Villamin A.M.& Villamin C.R.,(2000) Remedial Reading: A Handbook for teachers and Students, Phoenix

Publishing House, 927 Quezon Avenue, Quezon