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Getting Started
with VirtualBench
Getting Started with VirtualBench

January 2000 Edition

Part Number 321518E-01
Worldwide Technical Support and Product Information
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Contents

Chapter 1
Welcome to VirtualBench
Minimum System Requirements ...................................................................................1-1
Installing VirtualBench..................................................................................................1-2
What the Setup Program Installs ...................................................................................1-2
Installing on a Network..................................................................................................1-3
Connecting Signals to Your Data Acquisition Device ..................................................1-3

Chapter 2
VirtualBench-Scope
Launching VirtualBench-Scope.....................................................................................2-1
Front Panel Features ......................................................................................................2-1
Acquiring Data...............................................................................................................2-4

Chapter 3
VirtualBench-DSA
Launching VirtualBench-DSA ......................................................................................3-1
Front Panel Features ......................................................................................................3-1
Acquiring and Measuring Signals..................................................................................3-3

Chapter 4
VirtualBench-Logger
Launching VirtualBench-Logger ...................................................................................4-1
Front Panel Features ......................................................................................................4-2
Acquiring Data...............................................................................................................4-3

Chapter 5
VirtualBench-FG
Launching VirtualBench-FG .........................................................................................5-1
Front Panel Features ......................................................................................................5-1
Generating a Waveform.................................................................................................5-2

© National Instruments Corporation v Getting Started with VirtualBench

Contents

Chapter 6
VirtualBench-DMM
Launching VirtualBench-DMM .................................................................................... 6-1
Front Panel Features ...................................................................................................... 6-1
Measuring a Signal ........................................................................................................ 6-3

Chapter 7
VirtualBench-Power Supply
Launching VirtualBench-Power Supply........................................................................ 7-1
Front Panel Features ...................................................................................................... 7-1
Turning on the Power Supply........................................................................................ 7-3

Chapter 8
VirtualBench-Switch
Launching VirtualBench-Switch ................................................................................... 8-1
Front Panel Features ...................................................................................................... 8-1
Making Connections...................................................................................................... 8-3

Chapter 9
VirtualBench-Arb and VirtualBench-Waveform Editor
Launching VirtualBench-Arb........................................................................................ 9-1
Waveform Generator Front Panel Features................................................................... 9-1
Generating a Waveform ................................................................................................ 9-2
Creating a New Waveform............................................................................................ 9-4
Waveform Editor Front Panel Features......................................................................... 9-6

Chapter 10
VirtualBench-Device Calibrator
Launching VirtualBench-Device Calibrator.................................................................. 10-1
Front Panel Features ...................................................................................................... 10-1
Calibrating a DAQ Device ............................................................................................ 10-2

Chapter 11
VirtualBench-Counter
Launching VirtualBench-Counter ................................................................................. 11-1
Front Panel Features ...................................................................................................... 11-1
Measuring a Signal ........................................................................................................ 11-3

Getting Started with VirtualBench vi www.ni.com

 Contents

Chapter 12
VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer
Launching VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer .....................................................................12-1
Front Panel Features ......................................................................................................12-1
Acquiring Data...............................................................................................................12 -4

Appendix A
Technical Support Resources

Figures
Figure 2-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Scope ......................................................2-2
Figure 2-2. General Tab of VirtualBench-Scope Settings Dialog Box....................2-5

Figure 3-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-DSA ........................................................3-2

Figure 3-2. Input Tab of DSA Input Settings Dialog Box .......................................3-3
Figure 3-3. Triggering Tab of DSA Input Settings Dialog Box ..............................3-4
Figure 3-4. Span Tab of DSA Frequency Settings Dialog Box ...............................3-5

Figure 4-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Logger.....................................................4-2

Figure 4-2. Logger Settings Dialog Box ..................................................................4-4
Figure 4-3. File Configuration Dialog Box..............................................................4-5
Figure 4-4. Timing Configuration Dialog Box ........................................................4-6

Figure 5-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-FG ...........................................................5-1

Figure 5-2. VirtualBench-FG Settings Dialog Box..................................................5-3

Figure 6-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-DMM ......................................................6-1

Figure 6-2. General Tab of VirtualBench-DMM Settings Dialog Box ...................6-3
Figure 6-3. Current and Resistance Tab of VirtualBench-DMM Settings
Dialog Box ............................................................................................6-4
Figure 6-4. Temperature Tab of VirtualBench-DMM Settings Dialog Box............6-6

Figure 7-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Power Supply..........................................7-2

Figure 7-2. Power Supply Settings Configuration ...................................................7-3
Figure 7-3. Front Panel with Volts DC Button Selected..........................................7-4
Figure 7-4. Front Panel with Volts AC Button Selected..........................................7-5

Figure 8-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Switch .....................................................8-2

Figure 9-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Arb Waveform Generator .......................9-1

Figure 9-2. Channels Tab of VirtualBench-Arb Settings Dialog Box .....................9-3
Figure 9-3. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Arb Waveform Editor .............................9-6

© National Instruments Corporation vii Getting Started with VirtualBench

Contents

Figure 10-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Device Calibrator ................................... 10-1

Figure 11-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Counter. .................................................. 11-1

Figure 11-2. General Tab of VirtualBench-Counter Settings Dialog Box. ............... 11-3
Figure 11-3. Encoder Tab of VirtualBench-Counter Settings Dialog Box ............... 11-6
Figure 11-4. Time/Samples Tab of VirtualBench-Counter Settings
Dialog Box ............................................................................................ 11-7
Figure 11-5. Filter Tab of VirtualBench-Counter Settings Dialog Box .................... 11-8

Figure 12-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer....................................... 12-2

Figure 12-2. Settings of VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer. ........................................... 12-4
Figure 12-3. Bus Settings of VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer. .................................... 12-5

Getting Started with VirtualBench viii www.ni.com

Welcome to VirtualBench
1
The VirtualBench suite of tools is a high-performance, easy-to-use virtual
instruments application program for Windows NT/2000/98/95. This
manual gives you step-by-step instructions on how to use each instrument.
It also includes a description of the front panel of each instrument.

This chapter lists the minimum system requirements for VirtualBench,

explains how to install VirtualBench, and tells you what the setup program
installs.

Minimum System Requirements

To run VirtualBench, you must have the following:
• Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 or higher, Microsoft Windows 2000,
Windows 98, or Windows 95
• Personal computer using at least a 66 MHz 486 or higher
microprocessor with floating-point capability (National Instruments
recommends a Pentium 60 or higher microprocessor with
floating-point capability.)
• VGA resolution (or higher) video adapter
• Minimum of 32 MB of RAM
• 40 MB free hard disk space
• Microsoft-compatible mouse
• NI-DAQ 6.7 or later

© National Instruments Corporation 1-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 1 Welcome to VirtualBench

Installing VirtualBench
You must install VirtualBench with NI-DAQ driver software.

Note National Instruments recommends you close other applications before you install
VirtualBench.

Complete these steps to install VirtualBench:

1. Insert your VirtualBench Installation CD into your CD-ROM drive.
2. Wait several seconds. On most computers, the AutoRun utility on the
CD automatically launches the VirtualBench Installation CD
dialog box.
3. If the VirtualBench Installation CD dialog box does not appear, use
the Start button in the Windows taskbar to select Run and type
d:\setup in the input box, where d is your CD-ROM drive.
Click OK.
4. Click Install VirtualBench in the VirtualBench Installation CD
dialog box.

Note Read the VirtualBench readme.txt file on the VirtualBench Installation CD for the
latest information about installing and using VirtualBench.

What the Setup Program Installs

The VirtualBench setup program installs the following virtual instruments,
with online help for each instrument:
• Oscilloscope (Scope)
• Dynamic signal analyzer (DSA)
• Function generator (FG)
• Logger
• Arbitrary waveform generator (Arb)
• Waveform editor (Arb)
• Device calibrator (CAL)
• Counter

Getting Started with VirtualBench 1-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 1 Welcome to VirtualBench

Installing on a Network
Contact National Instruments for licensing information if you plan to run
VirtualBench on a network.

Connecting Signals to Your Data Acquisition Device

Refer to the user manual for your National Instruments DAQ device for
instructions on connecting signals to your device.

© National Instruments Corporation 1-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

VirtualBench-Scope
2
This chapter explains the VirtualBench-Scope (oscilloscope) front panel
features and how to acquire data with the oscilloscope.

Launching VirtualBench-Scope
To launch VirtualBench-Scope, use the Start button in the Windows
taskbar to select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench-Scope.

Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-Scope front panel,
shown in Figure 2-1.

© National Instruments Corporation 2-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 2 VirtualBench-Scope

Maximize/Minimize
Graphics Display
Trigger Cursor Vertical Sliders Channel Selector

Channel
Settings

Graphics
Display Timebase

Trigger
Settings
Group

Main Control Bar Zoom Controls

Figure 2-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Scope

The front panel of VirtualBench-Scope has the following features:

• Channel Selector—Selects a waveform for display on the graphics
display.
• Channel Settings
– Channel—Selects the active channel.
– Volts/div—Adjusts the vertical sensitivity of the active channel.
– Coupling—Selects AC or DC input coupling.
– V. Position—Moves the active channel vertically on the graph.
• Timebase—Controls the timebase setting. Turning the knob
clockwise reduces the time period that appears in the graphics display.
Each horizontal division represents one time period.
• Trigger Cursor—Changes the trigger level and position. Move the
trigger cursor by clicking and dragging the cursor on the display.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 2-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 2 VirtualBench-Scope

• Graphics Display—Displays waveforms, channel information,

cursor, and waveform measurements.
• Maximize/Minimize Graphics Display—Maximizes the graphics
display so that it fills the entire window.
• Vertical Sliders—Adjust voltage offset for each channel. Use a slider
when you want to adjust multiple waveforms in the graphics display.
• Trigger Settings Group—Controls the conditions required for signal
acquisition; for example, whether to wait for a digital trigger before
acquiring data or whether to acquire data in free-run mode
(no triggering).
• Main Control Bar Buttons
– Run—Acquires data continuously. Deselection of this button
places the VirtualBench-Scope in idle mode.
– Single—Instructs VirtualBench-Scope to perform a single
acquisition.
– Auto Setup—Configures the scope for the best timebase, volts
per division, and trigger setting for each channel currently
selected with the channel selector.
– Mode—Sets the mode of the scope to volts versus time or X
versus Y mode.
– Select—Selects a subset of the waveform for further analysis or
for saving to disk.
• Zoom Controls—Adjusts the view of your display data.
– Scroll Bar—Adjusts zoom view.
– Zoom In—Zooms in on display data. Each zoom increases the
view by a factor of two.
– Zoom Out—Zooms out to full X scale.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Scope Online Reference for more information about the
front panel items.

© National Instruments Corporation 2-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 2 VirtualBench-Scope

Acquiring Data
When you launch VirtualBench-Scope, it operates in continuous run mode.
Complete the following steps to start acquiring signals with
VirtualBench-Scope:
1. If you are using a DAQ device, connect a signal to the Channel 0 input
of your device. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ device for
details. For example, on a 68-pin MIO E-series device, connect a signal
to pins 68 (ACH0) and 67 (AIGND) for a referenced single-ended
input.
If you are using an IVI device, connect a signal to the appropriate
channel of your device. Refer to Chapter 4, Configuring Your System,
in the IVI Driver Library User Manual for more information about
configuring your IVI virtual instrument.
2. Configure VirtualBench-Scope.
a. Select Edit»General Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the National Instruments DAQ or IVI instrument you want
to use from the Acquire tab of the Scope Settings dialog box,
shown in Figure 2-2. If a device does not appear in the Instrument
list, make sure you have properly configured the instrument using
the Measurement & Automation Explorer or you have configured
an IVIScope virtual instrument in the Measurement &
Automation Explorer. Refer to Chapter 4, Configuring Your
System, in the IVI Driver Library User Manual for more
information about configuring your IVI virtual instrument.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 2-4 www.ni.com

 Chapter 2 VirtualBench-Scope

Figure 2-2. General Tab of VirtualBench-Scope Settings Dialog Box

c. Click OK to use these settings.

Note When you launch VirtualBench-Scope, it automatically uses the settings of your
previous VirtualBench-Scope session.

3. Enable the button for the connected channel in the Channel Selector
group. Disable all other channels.
4. To start, click Auto Setup on the main control bar.
5. To change the trigger position, drag the trigger cursor (the small green
cursor in the center of the graph).
6. Click Run to stop the acquisition.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Scope Online Reference for information about

configuring VirtualBench-Scope for your specific application.

© National Instruments Corporation 2-5 Getting Started with VirtualBench

VirtualBench-DSA
3
This chapter explains the front panel features of the VirtualBench dynamic
signal analyzer (DSA) and how to acquire and measure signals.

Launching VirtualBench-DSA
To launch VirtualBench-DSA, use the Start button in the Windows taskbar
to select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench-DSA.

Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-DSA front panel,
shown in Figure 3-1.

© National Instruments Corporation 3-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 3 VirtualBench-DSA

Display Settings
Controls

Display Settings
Controls

Measurement
Displays

Main Control Bar

Figure 3-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-DSA

The front panel of VirtualBench-DSA has the following features:

• Display Settings Controls—Provides individual control of the
measurements VirtualBench-DSA performs on each display. You can
select the channels, function, magnitude/phase mode, magnitude unit,
log/linear mode, phase unit, and markers for a display.
• Main Control Bar Buttons—Contains the Run, Single, and Pause
controls.
– Run—Acquires data continuously. Deselecting this button places
VirtualBench-DSA in idle mode.
– Single—Acquires a single frame of data.
– Pause—Pauses the acquisition. Pausing does not clear the
averaging buffers.
• Measurement Displays—Displays measurements, reference
waveforms, and markers for marker measurements.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-DSA Online Reference for more information about the
front panel items.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 3-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 3 VirtualBench-DSA

Acquiring and Measuring Signals

Complete the following steps to start acquiring and measuring signals with
VirtualBench-DSA:
1. Connect a signal to the Channel 0 or 1 input of your DAQ device. Refer
to the user manual of your DAQ device for details.
2. Configure the DSA.
a. Select Edit»Input Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the Input tab from the DSA Settings dialog box, shown in
Figure 3-2.

Figure 3-2. Input Tab of DSA Input Settings Dialog Box

c. Select the device you want to use for the data acquisition. The
Device list displays only devices you have configured successfully
in the Measurement & Automation Explorer.

© National Instruments Corporation 3-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 3 VirtualBench-DSA

d. Click the Triggering tab in the DSA Settings dialog box, shown
in Figure 3-3.

Figure 3-3. Triggering Tab of DSA Input Settings Dialog Box

e. Set the Trigger Type to none. This setting puts the acquisition in
free-run mode.
f. Click OK.
g. Select Edit»Frequency Settings on the front panel.
h. Select the Span tab in the Frequency Settings dialog box, shown
in Figure 3-4.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 3-4 www.ni.com

 Chapter 3 VirtualBench-DSA

Figure 3-4. Span Tab of DSA Frequency Settings Dialog Box

3. Select a Baseband Span that is appropriate to the signal you are trying
to measure. Click OK.
4. In the upper display on the front panel, select Time Waveform in the
Waveform Type pop-up menu. Choose Linear Magnitude in the
Scale pop-up menu.
5. Select Markers None in the Markers pop-up menu.
6. In the lower display on the front panel, select Power Spectrum in the
Waveform Type pop-up menu. Choose Log Magnitude in the Scale
pop-up menu.
7. Click the Single button. VirtualBench-DSA displays a single frame of
data. If no data is visible, click the Autoscale Y-axis button (the button
that contains a “Y” and up/down arrows) in the display control. Check
your signal connections if data still does not appear.
8. Click Run. VirtualBench-DSA continuously acquires and displays
frames of data.
9. Click Run again to stop acquisition.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-DSA Online Reference for more information about
configuring VirtualBench-DSA for your specific application.

© National Instruments Corporation 3-5 Getting Started with VirtualBench

VirtualBench-Logger
4
This chapter explains the VirtualBench-Logger front panel features and
how to acquire data with the logger.

Launching VirtualBench-Logger
To launch VirtualBench-Logger, use the Start button in the Windows
taskbar to select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench-Logger.

© National Instruments Corporation 4-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 4 VirtualBench-Logger

Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-Logger front panel,
shown in Figure 4-1.

Y Axis Status Strip Chart Legend Channel

Select Control Display Display Control Select

Acquire Data Controls

Figure 4-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Logger

The front panel of VirtualBench-Logger has the following features:

• Strip Chart Display—Displays the logged data.
• Y Axis Select Controls—Selects which channel’s Y scale to display
on either the left or right Y-axis of the strip chart display.
• Status Display—Shows the current time, start time, and stop time of
the current data acquisition.
• Channel Select Control—Selects which channels to display on the
strip chart display. You can use the Labels/Values radio buttons below
the channel select control to switch between the channel labels and the

Getting Started with VirtualBench 4-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 4 VirtualBench-Logger

channel values. When you select Labels, you can click a label to
change which channel the system displays on that plot. When you
select Values, you can click the value to change the number of decimal
places the system displays for that channel.
• Legend Control—Changes the trace attributes of each display
channel. Clicking a trace in the legend control displays a menu that
allows you to make changes to the point style, line style, interpolation
method, and color of the trace.
• Acquire Data Controls—Contains Logging On/Off, Clear Chart,
Start, Stop, and Pause controls.
– Logging On/Off—Enables or disables logging data to disk when
you run the instruments.
– Clear Chart—Clears the strip chart display. Clicking this button
does not affect the acquisition of data.
– Start—Starts the acquisition of data and data logging when
enabled using the current logger configuration.
– Stop—Stops the acquisition of data and data logging when
enabled.
– Pause—Temporarily stops the flow of data to the strip chart and
log file when enabled.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Logger Online Reference for more information about the
front panel items.

Acquiring Data
Complete these steps to start acquiring data with VirtualBench-Logger:
1. Connect several known voltage signals to the input channels of your
DAQ device. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ device for details.
National Instruments recommends you use known reference signals to
verify proper operation of VirtualBench-Logger and your DAQ device.
2. Configure VirtualBench-Logger.
a. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the device and SCXI module that you want to use
in the Logger Settings dialog box, shown in Figure 4-2.
VirtualBench-Logger disables the SCXI Module list when
no SCXI modules are configured for the selected device. The
Device list displays only devices you have configured successfully
in the Measurement & Automation Explorer.

© National Instruments Corporation 4-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 4 VirtualBench-Logger

Figure 4-2. Logger Settings Dialog Box

Note The options on the Logger Settings dialog box vary slightly if you use an NI 435x
Series board. Refer to the VirtualBench-Logger Online Reference for more information.

c. Set the Start Channel and End Channel controls appropriately

for the channels that you connected signals to in Step 1.
d. Set the channel attributes for each channel from the start channel
to the end channel.
– Select 0-Md1 Ch0 in the textbox.
– Select the Transducer. The six transducer measurement
types are VDC, Thermocouple, RTD, Current, Thermistor,
and Resistance.
– Give each channel an appropriate Label for easy
identification on the strip chart display.
– Select a Range for the specified channel.
e. Click the File Config button. In the File Configuration dialog
box, shown in Figure 4-3, specify the name of the log file where
VirtualBench-Logger stores the logged data on disk. To specify

Getting Started with VirtualBench 4-4 www.ni.com

 Chapter 4 VirtualBench-Logger

the location of this file, use the Browse button. Select Enable
Logging and Begin Logging on Start. Click OK.

Note If you have not previously specified a log file, VirtualBench-Logger automatically
displays a Save as dialog box.

Figure 4-3. File Configuration Dialog Box

f. Click the Timing Config button. In the Timing Configuration

dialog box, as shown in Figure 4-4. Set the Start Timing and Stop
Timing to start and stop manually. Set the Time Interval control
to 1.00 seconds. Set Log to Disk Every n Time Intervals to 1.
Set the Display Length to 1 minute. Click OK.

© National Instruments Corporation 4-5 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 4 VirtualBench-Logger

Figure 4-4. Timing Configuration Dialog Box

g. Click OK in the Logger Settings dialog box to return to the front

panel.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Logger Online Reference for more information about
configuring VirtualBench-Logger for your specific application.

3. Select the channels you want to display on the strip chart using the
channel select control.
4. Click the right or left Y-axis controls to select which channel’s Y-scale
you want to display on the strip chart.
5. Click Start in the acquire data controls area. VirtualBench-Logger
begins acquiring and logging data to disk at 1-second intervals and
displays it on the strip chart. If no data appears, check the signal
connections to your DAQ device or check the Range limits for the
channels you selected in the Logger Settings dialog box.
6. Click the Stop button to stop the acquisition.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 4-6 www.ni.com

VirtualBench-FG
5
This chapter explains the VirtualBench function generator (FG) front panel
features and how to generate a waveform.

Launching VirtualBench-FG
To launch VirtualBench-FG, use the Start button in the Windows taskbar
to select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench-FG.

Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-FG front panel,
as shown in Figure 5-1.

Display Window Range Selector Function Selector

On Play Step Frequency Knob Waveform Modifier Controls

List

Figure 5-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-FG

© National Instruments Corporation 5-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 5 VirtualBench-FG

The front panel of VirtualBench-FG has the following features:

• Display Window—Shows the actual waveform frequency
VirtualBench-FG generates.
• Range Selector—Selects the frequency range of VirtualBench-FG.
• Function Selector—Selects which type of waveform
VirtualBench-FG generates.
• Frequency Knob—Controls the frequency of the waveform within
the range you specify with the range selector.
• Waveform Modifier Controls—Modifies some of the properties of
the waveform.
– Duty Cycle—Adjusts the duty cycles of the sine wave, square
wave, and triangle wave.
– Offset—Adjusts the DC offset of the waveform.
– Amplitude—Adjusts the peak amplitude of the generated
waveform.
• On—Starts or stops waveform generation.
• Play List—Outputs waveforms as specified in the frequency list.
The Play List button appears only with 54xx devices.
• Step—Steps through the frequency list. The Step button appears only
with 54xx devices.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-FG Online Reference for more information about the
front panel items.

Generating a Waveform
Complete the following steps to configure VirtualBench-FG to generate a
waveform:
1. Configure the output.
a. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the instrument you want to use for waveform generation in
the VirtualBench-FG Settings dialog box, as shown in
Figure 5-2. The Instrument list displays only devices that you
have configured successfully in the Measurement & Automation
Explorer. Refer to Chapter 4, Configuring Your System, in the
IVI Driver Library User Manual for more information about
configuring your IVI virtual instrument.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 5-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 5 VirtualBench-FG

Figure 5-2. VirtualBench-FG Settings Dialog Box

c. Set the Channel, Update Rate, Use FIFO, and Buffer Size
controls.
d. Click OK.
2. Connect a device or scope to the output of the analog output device that
you specified in Step 1. Refer to your DAQ device user manual or
instrument manual for details.
3. Click On. VirtualBench-FG continuously generates an analog
waveform at the output pin.
4. Click On again to stop the waveform generation.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-FG Online Reference for more information about
configuring VirtualBench-FG for your specific application.

© National Instruments Corporation 5-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

VirtualBench-DMM
6
This chapter explains the VirtualBench digital multimeter (DMM) and how
to measure a signal with the DMM.

Launching VirtualBench-DMM
To launch VirtualBench-DMM, use the Start button in the Windows
taskbar to select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench-DMM.

Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-DMM front panel,
shown in Figure 6-1.

Resolution
Range Selector Measurement Display Control

Volts Current Ohms Diode Math Buttons

AC AC
Volts Current 4-Wire Temperature
DC DC Ohms Main Controls

Figure 6-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-DMM

© National Instruments Corporation 6-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 6 VirtualBench-DMM

The front panel of VirtualBench-DMM has the following features:

• Measurement Display—Displays measurements.
• Function Selector—Selects which measurement mode you want to
use. The modes, from left to right, are as follows:
– Volts AC—Measures the AC component of a voltage signal.
– Volts DC—Measures the DC component of a voltage signal.
– Current AC—Measures the AC component of a current source.
– Current DC—Measures the DC component of a current source.
– Ohms—Measures resistance.
– 4-Wire Ohms—Measures resistance using four-wire method.
– Diode—Measures the voltage drop across a diode.
– Temperature—Measures temperature.
• Resolution Control—Selects the number of digits of resolution.
• Range Selector—Determines the measurement range. This range is
different for each measurement mode. AutoRange mode selects the
best range to fit the input signal.
• Main Control Buttons
– Run—Starts or stops the DMM acquisition.
– Single—Acquires a single measurement.
– Log—Enables logging.
• Math Control Buttons
– Null—Selects relative mode. When you click this button, all
subsequent measurements become relative to the measurement
made when you pressed this button.
– Max/Min—Displays the maximum and minimum values since
you first clicked the button.
– mX+B—Manipulates normal display readings (X) according to
the calculation mX+B.
– dB—Displays the decibel value of your signal.
– dBm—Displays the decibel power level with respect to 1 mW.
– %—Displays the current value as a percentage of a reference.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-DMM Online Reference for more information about the
front panel items.

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 Chapter 6 VirtualBench-DMM

Measuring a Signal
Complete the following steps to start measuring signals with
VirtualBench-DMM:
1. Configure VirtualBench-DMM.
a. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the General tab, shown in Figure 6-2.

Figure 6-2. General Tab of VirtualBench-DMM Settings Dialog Box

c. Select the instrument you want to use. VirtualBench-DMM hides

the SCXI Module list when no SCXI modules are configured for
the selected device. The Instrument list displays only devices you
have configured successfully in the Measurement & Automation
Explorer. Refer to Chapter 4, Configuring Your System, in the
IVI Driver Library User Manual for more information about
configuring your IVI virtual instrument.
d. Set the channel to the source of your signal.
e. Click OK.
2. Measure voltage. VirtualBench-DMM measures AC and DC voltage
without any external hardware.
a. Connect a signal to the channel input that you specified in Step 1.
Refer to the user manual of your DAQ device for details.

© National Instruments Corporation 6-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 6 VirtualBench-DMM

b. Click the Volts AC or Volts DC button in the Function selector.

VirtualBench-DMM continuously acquires and displays voltage
measurements in the display window.
c. If the DMM display shows +CLIP or –CLIP, confirm the input
signal does not exceed the range of your DAQ device and the input
signal does not exceed the selected range.
d. Click Run to stop the measurement.
3. Measure current. If you are using an NI 4060 PCI/PXI-based
multimeter or an IVI instrument, skip to Step 3g.
If you are using any other device, VirtualBench-DMM requires a
precision external shunt resistor to measure current. Complete these
steps to configure your precision external shunt:
a. Connect a precision shunt resistor across the input of the channel
you specified in Step 1. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ
device for details.
b. Connect your current signal to the same terminals.
c. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
d. Select the Current and Resistance tab, shown in Figure 6-3.

Figure 6-3. Current and Resistance Tab of VirtualBench-DMM Settings Dialog Box

Getting Started with VirtualBench 6-4 www.ni.com

 Chapter 6 VirtualBench-DMM

e. Enter the value of the shunt resistor in the Current Shunt

Resistor control.
f. Click OK.
g. Click the Current AC or Current DC button in the Function
selector, depending on which type of voltage you connected.
h. Click Run. VirtualBench-DMM continuously acquires and
displays current measurements in the display window.
i. If the DMM display shows +CLIP or –CLIP, confirm the input
signal does not exceed the range of your DAQ device or IVI
instrument and the input signal does not exceed the selected range.
j. Click Run again to stop the measurement.
4. Measure resistance. If you are using an NI 4060 PCI/PXI-based
multimeter, a DAQMeter DAQCard-4050, or an IVI device, skip to
Step 4g.
If you are using any other device, you must use a precision external
current source to measure resistance. Complete these steps to
configure your current source:
a. Connect a precision current source to the channel you specified in
Step 1. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ device for details.
b. Connect the resistor you want to measure across the same
terminals.
c. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
d. Select the Current and Resistance tab.
e. Enter the value of the current source in the Current Source
control.
f. Click OK.
g. Click the Ohms button in the Function selector.
h. Click Run. VirtualBench-DMM continuously acquires and
displays resistance measurements in the display window.
i. If the DMM display shows +CLIP or –CLIP, confirm the input
signal does not exceed the range of your DAQ device or IVI
instrument and the input signal does not exceed the selected range.
j. Click Run again to stop the measurement.

© National Instruments Corporation 6-5 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 6 VirtualBench-DMM

5. Measure temperature. VirtualBench-DMM requires a thermistor,

IC sensor, or thermocouple to make precise temperature
measurements. Because DAQMeter DAQCard-4050 or
NI 4060 PCI/PXI-based multimeter does not support making
temperature measurements, you cannot use VirtualBench-DMM to
make temperature measurements for these boards.
a. Connect a precision temperature sensor to the channel you
specified in Step 1. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ device
for details.
b. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
c. Select the Temperature tab, shown in Figure 6-4.

Figure 6-4. Temperature Tab of VirtualBench-DMM Settings Dialog Box

d. Select the type of sensor from the Temperature Sensor list you
connected to the channel specified in Step 1a.
e. Select the Temperature Units you want for the temperature
display.
f. Select the cold junction sensor type from the TC Cold Junction
Source list when you use a thermocouple. Select the channel to
which the cold junction sensor is connected.
g. Click OK.
h. Click the Temperature button in the Function selector.

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 Chapter 6 VirtualBench-DMM

i. Click Run. VirtualBench-DMM continuously acquires and

displays temperature measurements in the display window.
j. If the DMM display shows +CLIP or –CLIP, confirm the input
signal does not exceed the range of your DAQ device and the input
signal does not exceed the selected range.
k. Click Run again to stop the measurement.
6. Measure a diode. If you are using a DAQMeter DAQCard-4050 or an
NI 4060 PCI/PXI-based multimeter, you can measure the voltage drop
across a diode, up to 2 V. If you are using an IVI instrument, you can
also measure diode voltage if the instrument supports this.
a. Connect the diode to the terminals of the DAQCard-4050 or
NI 4060 PCI/PXI-based multimeter.
b. Click the Diode button in the Function selector.
c. Click Run.
d. Click Run again to stop the measurement.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-DMM Online Reference for more information about
configuring VirtualBench-DMM for your specific application.

© National Instruments Corporation 6-7 Getting Started with VirtualBench

VirtualBench-Power Supply
7
This chapter explains the front panel features of the VirtualBench-Power
Supply and how to turn on VirtualBench-Power Supply.

Launching VirtualBench-Power Supply

To launch VirtualBench-Power Supply, use the Start button in the
Windows task bar to select Programs»VirtualBench»
VirtualBench-Power Supply.

Note VirtualBench-Power Supply is for use only with IVI instruments.

Front Panel Features

This section describes the VirtualBench-Power Supply front panel.

© National Instruments Corporation 7-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 7 VirtualBench-Power Supply

Over-Voltage
Graphics Protection
Display
Over-Current
Protection
Volts DC
Button Limits
Button
Volts AC
Button

Output
Apply
On/Off
Button
Button

Figure 7-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Power Supply

The front panel of VirtualBench-Power Supply has the following features:

• Graphics Display—Shows real-time voltage and current
measurements if your instrument supports these measurements. If your
device does not support these measurements, the display shows your
current settings. OVP indicates the over-voltage protection circuitry
has tripped. OCP indicates the over-current protection circuitry has
tripped.
• Volts DC—Allows you to set the power supply to a specified DC
voltage.
• Volts AC—Allows you to set the power supply to a specified AC
voltage, with optional settings such as waveform shape, frequency,
amplitude, DC offset, and start phase.
• Limits—Allows you to specify upper and lower voltage limits and a
current limit, and enable over-voltage or over-current protection
circuitry.
• Apply—Commits changes you have made to front panel controls.
• Output On/Off—Enables output of the Power Supply.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 7-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 7 VirtualBench-Power Supply

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Power Supply Online Reference for more information
about the front panel items.

Turning on the Power Supply

When you launch VirtualBench-Power Supply, it always launches in a
power off state. Complete the following steps to configure
VirtualBench-Power Supply before using it:
1. Connect a load to one of the output channels of your power supply.
2. Configure VirtualBench-Power Supply.
a. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the IVI instrument logical name you want to use. If you
have not already configured a logical name for your instrument,
VirtualBench-Power Supply has already created one for you with
the same name as the virtual instrument installed in your system.
Refer to Chapter 4, Configuring Your System, of the IVI Driver
Library User Manual for more information about changing items
to which another item refers.
c. Select the channel you want to use, as shown in Figure 7-2.

Figure 7-2. Power Supply Settings Configuration

d. Click OK to use these settings.

© National Instruments Corporation 7-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 7 VirtualBench-Power Supply

Complete these steps to generate a DC power signal:

1. Click the Volts DC button to select DC volts mode, as shown in
Figure 7-3.

Figure 7-3. Front Panel with Volts DC Button Selected

2. Enter a voltage in the Voltage control.

3. Click Apply to commit to the change. If a red error button appears in
the display window, click the button to display the cause of the error.
Adjust the voltage level if necessary.
4. Click Output to enable the power supply.

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 Chapter 7 VirtualBench-Power Supply

Complete these steps to generate an AC power signal:

1. Click the Volts AC button to select AC volts mode, as shown in
Figure 7-4.

Figure 7-4. Front Panel with Volts AC Button Selected

2. Enter the appropriate settings for your AC signal.

3. Click Apply to commit to the change. If a red error button appears in
the display window, click the button to display the cause of the error.
Adjust the settings if necessary.
4. Click Output to enable the power supply.

To exit VirtualBench-Power Supply, select File»Exit. VirtualBench-Power

Supply saves your current settings for the next session.

© National Instruments Corporation 7-5 Getting Started with VirtualBench

VirtualBench-Switch
8
This chapter explains the VirtualBench-Switch front panel features and
how to make signal connections.

Launching VirtualBench-Switch
To launch VirtualBench-Switch, use the Start button in the Windows
taskbar to select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench-Switch.

Note VirtualBench-Switch is for use only with IVI instruments.

Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-Switch front panel,
as shown in Figure 8-1.

© National Instruments Corporation 8-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 8 VirtualBench-Switch

Instrument
Selector

Channel
Selection
Group

Connection
List

Status
Display

Figure 8-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Switch

The front panel of VirtualBench-Switch has the following features:

• Instrument Selector—Allows you to select the IVI instrument you
want to use.
• Channel Selection Group—Allows you to choose two channels to
connect.
• Connection List—Allows you to view details and disconnect any
existing connection.
• Status Display—Displays the connection path of the selected
connection; channel information, such as maximum current, voltage,
and power capacity; information on why two channels cannot be
connected; and any error information.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 8-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 8 VirtualBench-Switch

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Switch Online Reference for more information about the
front panel items.

Making Connections
Complete these steps to make signal connections:
1. Connect signals to two or more channels on your switch instrument.
Select the IVI instrument logical name you want to use. If you have not
configured a logical name for your instrument, VirtualBench-Switch
has already created one for you with the same name as the virtual
instrument installed in your system. Refer to Chapter 4, Configuring
Your System, of the IVI Driver Library User Manual for more
information about changing items to which another item refers.
2. Select two channels you want to connect in the Channel Selection
Group.
3. Click Connect to connect the two channels.
4. Highlight the connection in the connection list to view information
about the connection.

To disconnect a signal connection, highlight the connection in the

connection list and click Disconnect.

To save a group of connections, select Edit»Save Settings. Enter the name

of the file you want to save, such as MySetup.swh.

To exit VirtualBench-Switch, select File»Exit. VirtualBench-Switch saves

your current settings for the next session.

© National Instruments Corporation 8-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

VirtualBench-Arb and
9
VirtualBench-Waveform Editor
This chapter explains the VirtualBench-Arb front panel features, the
Waveform Editor front panel features, and how to generate a waveform.

Launching VirtualBench-Arb
To launch VirtualBench-Arb, use the Start button in the Windows taskbar
to select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench-Arb.

Waveform Generator Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-Arb Waveform
Generator front panel, as shown in Figure 9-1.

Update Rate Mode

Waveform Name/Load Waveform Gain Play/Stop

Figure 9-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Arb Waveform Generator

© National Instruments Corporation 9-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 9 VirtualBench-Arb and VirtualBench-Waveform Editor

VirtualBench-Arb has the following key features:

• Waveform Name/Load Waveform Control—Shows the name of
the waveform file, if any, for VirtualBench-Arb to generate. Select this
control to load a waveform from a file.
• Update Rate—Controls the update rate of the waveform. This control
does not affect the play speed of waveform files (.wfm) but does affect
waveform quality. With text, binary, and sound (.wav) files, the update
rate determines the play speed by controlling the number of samples of
the waveform VirtualBench-Arb plays per second.
• Step—Steps through the stages in a waveform sequence.
VirtualBench-Arb enables this button only for 5411 devices.
• Mode—Plays the waveform continuously. Deselecting this button
plays the waveform only once.
• Amplitude Control—Scales the waveform by the specified amount.
• Play/Stop Control—Starts or stops waveform generation for one
channel.

Generating a Waveform
Complete the following steps to start generating waveforms with
VirtualBench-Arb:
1. Configure VirtualBench-Arb.
a. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the Channels tab, shown in Figure 9-2.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 9-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 9 VirtualBench-Arb and VirtualBench-Waveform Editor

Figure 9-2. Channels Tab of VirtualBench-Arb Settings Dialog Box

c. Select the device you want to use for waveform generation.

The Instrument list displays only devices you have configured
successfully in the Measurement & Automation Explorer. Refer to
Chapter 4, Configuring Your System, in the IVI Driver Library
User Manual for more information about configuring your IVI
virtual instrument.
d. Select the corresponding DAQ device channels to map to the
VirtualBench-Arb alphabetical channel names.
e. Click OK.
2. In the front panel of the Waveform Generator, click the Load
Waveform button to invoke the File name: dialog box. Select a
waveform file.
3. Click the Play button (the button with a green triangle) to begin
waveform generation.
4. Click the Stop button (the button with a red square) to end signal
generation.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Arb Online Reference for more information about
configuring VirtualBench-Arb for your specific application.

© National Instruments Corporation 9-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 9 VirtualBench-Arb and VirtualBench-Waveform Editor

Creating a New Waveform

1. Creating a new waveform.
a. Enter the duration of the waveform in the Duration control to set
the duration of the first segment.
b. Click New Component. By default, every time you click New
Component, VirtualBench-Arb adds a new library component to
any existing waveform.
c. Select the type of component: Library, Expression, or Sketch.
The following steps further describe how to use these options.
2. Create a waveform using the library functions.
a. Confirm you selected Library in the component type control.
b. Select a waveform from the library and modify the parameters if
necessary.
c. Click New Component again to add a new component. This
component adds to the first to produce the final segment. Change
the Function selector to perform subtraction, multiplication,
division, or frequency modulation.
d. Click on New Segment to add additional waveform segments to
the end of the waveform.
3. Create a waveform from a mathematical expression.
a. Click New Segment to create a new segment.
b. Click New Component to create a new component in the
segment.
c. Select Expression from the component type control.
d. Enter an expression in terms of variable x in the f(x)= box.
VirtualBench-Arb indicates any error in red, with the character
position of the error in parentheses.
e. Enter the range for x in the From: and To: input boxes.
VirtualBench-Arb evaluates the expression over this range.
f. To change the number of cycles of the waveform, change the
Cycles control.
4. Create a waveform from a freehand sketch.
a. Click New Segment to create a new segment.
b. Click New Component to create a new component in the
segment.
c. Select Sketch from the component type control.

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 Chapter 9 VirtualBench-Arb and VirtualBench-Waveform Editor

d. Click Draw. Notice this changes from View to Component mode

so VirtualBench-Arb displays only the current component.
e. Click and drag over the graph using the mouse to create a
waveform. Click the Mode button to change the mode to line. This
mode allows you to draw straight lines.
f. Click Draw again to finish editing.
5. Select File»Save As to save your waveform.
a. Select Binary File. Click Next.
b. Enter 50 kHz for the Sample Rate. Click Next.
6. Save the file.
7. Close the Waveform Editor front panel.

© National Instruments Corporation 9-5 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 9 VirtualBench-Arb and VirtualBench-Waveform Editor

Waveform Editor Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-Waveform Editor
front panel, as shown in Figure 9-3.

Style
Control
View
Control
X Axis
Control

Units

Segment
List Box

New New Component Component

Component Segment Type Control Parameters
Button Button

Figure 9-3. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Arb Waveform Editor

The Waveform Editor front panel of VirtualBench-Arb has the following

features:
• View Control—Selects the waveform view to display on the graph.
Waveform displays the entire waveform. Segment displays the
selected segment. Component displays the selected component.
• X Axis Control—Selects the X-axis units. Time displays the
waveform as a function of time. Frequency displays the power
spectrum of the waveform.
• Units Control—Selects the active units you are currently using for the
display and control values.
• Style Control—Changes the graph attributes.

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 Chapter 9 VirtualBench-Arb and VirtualBench-Waveform Editor

• Segment List Box—Selects the segment or component you want to

edit. A number precedes a segment and indicates a unique section of
the waveform. The value in parentheses indicates the segment length.
Indented text in the list box represents a waveform component.
• New Segment Button—Inserts a new waveform segment
immediately after the current selection.
• New Component Button—Inserts a new component immediately
after the current selection.
• Component Type Control—Selects the type of component.
A waveform Library function is one of 20 predefined waveform
patterns. An Expression is a single-variable function evaluated over
an interval. A Sketch is a waveform you draw with a mouse.
• Component Parameters—Shows the parameters for each
component.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Arb Online Reference for more information about the
front panel items.

© National Instruments Corporation 9-7 Getting Started with VirtualBench

VirtualBench-Device Calibrator
10
This chapter explains the VirtualBench-Device Calibrator front panel
features and how to calibrate a DAQ device.

Launching VirtualBench-Device Calibrator

To launch the VirtualBench-Device Calibrator, use the Start button in the
Windows taskbar to select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench Cal.

Front Panel Features

This section explains the front panel features of the
VirtualBench-Device Calibrator, as shown in Figure 10-1.

Device List

Calibrate Button

Figure 10-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Device Calibrator

© National Instruments Corporation 10-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 10 VirtualBench-Device Calibrator

The front panel of the VirtualBench-Device Calibrator has the following

features:
• Device List—Shows all the devices installed in your computer that are
self-calibrating and the last calibrated date. The device list displays
only devices you have configured successfully in the Measurement &
Automation Explorer.
• Calibrate Button—Begins the calibration process.

You can use the VirtualBench-Device Calibrator to calibrate the

analog input circuitry of the following DAQ devices: E-series,
AT-MIO-16F-5, AT-MIO-64F-5, AT-MIO-16X, and PC-LPM-16.
Special connections are not necessary; VirtualBench-Device Calibrator
automatically accesses the calibration features of these devices.

Calibrating a DAQ Device

Complete these steps to calibrate your device with VirtualBench-Device
Calibrator:
1. To allow your system to reach normal operating temperatures, wait at
least 15 minutes after you turn on both your computer and device
before calibrating your device.
2. Select the device you want to calibrate from the Device List.
3. Click Calibrate. Calibration of your device may take up to
20 seconds.
4. The screen displays Calibrating ... please wait when the
system calibrates your device. Wait for calibration to complete before
using any other VirtualBench instrument.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Device Calibrator Online Reference for more

information about configuring VirtualBench-Device Calibrator for your specific
application.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 10-2 www.ni.com

VirtualBench-Counter
11
This chapter explains the VirtualBench-Counter and how to measure a
signal with the Counter.

Launching VirtualBench-Counter
To launch VirtualBench, use the Start button in the Windows taskbar to
select Programs»VirtualBench»VirtualBench-Counter.

Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-Counter front panel,
as shown in Figure 11-1.

Measurement Measurement Measurement Measurement Number of

Display Unit Type Run Single Reset Time Samples

Frequency Period Low Pulse Time Frequency Speed

Width Between Ratio
Two
Cycles
Count/ High Pulse Duty Phase Position
Totalize Width Cycle Angle

Figure 11-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Counter.

© National Instruments Corporation 11-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 11 VirtualBench-Counter

The front panel of VirtualBench-Counter has the following features:

• Measurement Display—Displays the measurements, including the
type and units of the measurement.
• Measurement Mode Selector—Selects which measurement mode
you want to use, from left to right:
– Frequency—Measures the frequency of the unknown signal.
– Totalize (Count Edges)—Counts rising edges and accumulates
the total.
– Period—Measures the period of an unknown signal.
– High Pulse Width—Measures the positive pulse width of an
unknown signal.
– Low Pulse Width—Measures the negative pulse width of an
unknown signal.
– Duty Cycle—Measures the percentage of time that an unknown
signal is high versus its period.
– Time Between 2 Edges—Measures the amount of time between
a rising edge on one input and a rising edge on another input.
– Phase Angle—Measures the phase difference between two
unknown signals of the same frequency.
– Frequency Ratio—Measures the ratio of one frequency to
another.
– Encoder-Position—Monitors the relative position and number of
revolutions of a motion encoder.
– Encoder Speed—Measures the speed at which a motion encoder
moves.
• Main Control Buttons—The main control buttons include Run,
Single, and Reset:
– Run—Starts or stops the Counter acquisition.
– Single—Acquires a single measurement.
– Reset—Resets the Totalize (Count Edges) value or
Encoder-Position to 0.
• Maximum Measurement Time (seconds)—Determines the time
taken during a frequency measurement or the amount of time to wait
before timing out for the other measurements.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 11-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 11 VirtualBench-Counter

• Number of Samples per Measurement—Determines the number of

measurements to take during a given measurement time. If the system
takes more than one measurement, it displays the average of the
measurements.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Counter Online Reference for more information about the
front panel items.

Measuring a Signal
Complete these steps to start measuring signals with
VirtualBench-Counter:
1. Configure VirtualBench-Counter.
a. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the General tab, as shown in Figure 11-2.

Figure 11-2. General Tab of VirtualBench-Counter Settings Dialog Box.

c. Select the device you want to use. The Device list displays only
devices you have configured successfully in the Measurement &
Automation Explorer.
d. Select the Counter to measure your signal.
e. Click OK.
2. Measure frequency, totalize, period, high pulse width, low pulse width,
or duty cycle. This feature works with devices that have either
DAQ-STC or NI-TIO based counters.

© National Instruments Corporation 11-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 11 VirtualBench-Counter

a. Connect a signal to the SOURCE input of the counter that you

specified in Step 1. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ device
for details or select Windows»Connections on the front panel for
the correct pin numbers.
b. Click the Frequency, Totalize, Period, High Pulse Width, Low
Pulse Width, or Duty Cycle button in the measurement mode
selector. VirtualBench-Counter continuously acquires and
displays the measurement in the display window.
c. If the counter display shows Timeout, confirm that the amount of
time to take the number of samples you want is not greater than
your measurement time. If the counter display shows Overflow,
confirm that your measurement time is short enough to limit the
number of edges the counter receives to less than its maximum
value (2number of bits).
d. Click Run to stop the measurement.
3. Measure time between two edges. This feature works only with
devices that have NI-TIO based counters.
a. Connect the starting signal to the AUX_LINE/UP_DOWN input
of the Counter that you specified in Step 1, and connect the
stopping signal to the GATE input of the counter you specified in
Step 1. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ device for details or
select Windows»Connections on the front panel for the correct
pin numbers.
b. Click the Time Between 2 Edges button in the measurement
mode selector. VirtualBench-Counter continuously acquires and
displays the measurement in the display window.
c. If the counter display shows Timeout, confirm that the amount of
time to take the measurement you want is not greater than your
measurement time. If the counter display shows Overflow,
confirm that your measurement time is short enough to limit the
number of edges the counter receives to less than its maximum
value (2number of bits).
d. Click Run to stop the measurement.

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 Chapter 11 VirtualBench-Counter

4. Measure phase difference. This feature works only with devices that
have NI-TIO based counters.
a. Connect the first signal (A) to the AUX_LINE/UP_DOWN input
of the counter that you specified in Step 1 and connect the second
signal (B) to the GATE input of the counter you specified in
Step 1. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ device for details or
select Windows»Connections on the front panel for the correct
pin numbers.
b. Click the Phase Difference button in the measurement mode
selector. VirtualBench-Counter continuously acquires and
displays the measurement in the display window.
c. If the counter display shows Timeout, confirm that the amount of
time to take the number of samples you want is not greater than
your measurement time. If the counter display shows Overflow,
confirm that your measurement time is short enough to limit the
number of edges the counter receives to less than its maximum
value (2number of bits).
d. Click Run to stop the measurement.
5. Measure frequency ratio. This feature works with devices with either
DAQ-STC or NI-TIO based counters.
a. Connect the first signal (A) to the SOURCE input of the counter
that you specified in Step 1 and connect the second signal (B) to
the SOURCE input of the other counter in the counter pair of the
counter that you specified in Step 1. Refer to the user manual of
your DAQ device for details or select Windows»Connections on
the front panel for the correct pin numbers.
b. Click the Frequency Ratio button in the measurement mode
selector. VirtualBench-Counter continuously acquires and
displays the measurement in the display window.
c. If the counter display shows Timeout, confirm that the amount of
time to take the number of samples you want is not greater than
your measurement time. If the counter display shows Overflow,
confirm that your measurement time is short enough to limit the
number of edges the counter receives to less than its maximum
value (2number of bits).
d. Click Run to stop the measurement.
6. Measure position or speed. This feature works with devices with either
DAQ-STC or NI-TIO based counters.
a. Connect the A Channel of the Encoder to the SOURCE input of
the counter that you specified in Step 1 and connect the B Channel

© National Instruments Corporation 11-5 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 11 VirtualBench-Counter

of the Encoder to the UP_DOWN/AUX_LINE input of the

counter that you specified in Step 1. If you use an NI-TIO counter
and an encoder with a Z Index, connect it to the GATE of counter
you specified in Step 1. Refer to the user manual of your DAQ
device for details or select Windows»Connections on the front
panel for the correct pin numbers.
b. Select Settings from the Edit menu on the front panel.
c. Select the Encoder tab, as shown in Figure 11-3.

Figure 11-3. Encoder Tab of VirtualBench-Counter Settings Dialog Box

d. Select the Encoder Type.

e. If using a rotary encoder, select the Rotary Encoder Type and the
number of Pulses per Revolution. If using a linear encoder, select
the number of pulses per centimeter or inch.
f. Choose whether to use Z Indexing, the Z Index Reload Value, and
when to reload the counter.
g. Click OK.
h. Click the Position or Speed button in the Measurement Mode
selector. VirtualBench-Counter continuously acquires and
displays the measurement in the display window.
i. Click Run to stop the measurement.
7. Setting the value of the Custom selection of Measurement Time and
Number of Samples.
a. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.

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 Chapter 11 VirtualBench-Counter

b. Select the Time/Samples tab, as shown in Figure 11-4.

Figure 11-4. Time/Samples Tab of VirtualBench-Counter Settings Dialog Box

c. Enter the values you want to use for Custom Measurement Time
and Custom Number of Samples.
d. If the times you want to measure are greater than 0.8 seconds for
DAQ-STC based counters or greater than 53.7 seconds for NI-TIO
based counters, check the box at the bottom of the Time/Samples
tab so the Counter uses the slower internal timebase instead of the
maximum.

Note Checking this box causes less accurate readings. However, it allows for longer time
measurements and period measurements of lower frequencies. This is beneficial mainly for
DAQ-STC based devices because it has 24-bit counters that exceed their maximum value
in less than a second when you use the maximum timebase of 20 MHz.

e. If you are using an NI-TIO based counter, the system can divide
the incoming signal before it reaches the counter. This allows for
measuring faster signals. Use the Divide Input Frequency and
Totalize control to determine by what factor to divide incoming
signals for frequency, totalize and frequency ratio measurements.
f. Click OK and continue with your measurements.

© National Instruments Corporation 11-7 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 11 VirtualBench-Counter

8. Set the filter for input lines. This feature works only with devices with
NI-TIO based counters.
a. Select Edit»Settings on the front panel.
b. Select the Filter tab, shown in Figure 11-5.

Figure 11-5. Filter Tab of VirtualBench-Counter Settings Dialog Box

c. Choose the Filter setting you want to use.

d. If you use the Custom Filter, you must choose a counter to
generate the filter clock. Also, you must specify the size pulses to
allow to pass.
e. With the built-in or custom filters, pulses greater than or equal to
the specified value are guaranteed to pass. Pulses half the size
specified are guaranteed to be blocked. Pulses between these sizes
may pass, depending on their phase with the filter clock. Refer to
the user manual of your DAQ device for more details.
f. Click OK and continue with your measurements.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Counter Online Reference for more information about
configuring VirtualBench-Counter for your specific application.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 11-8 www.ni.com

VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer
12
This chapter explains the VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer front panel
features and how to use it to acquire data.

Launching VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer

To launch VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer, use the Start button in the
Windows taskbar to select Programs»VirtualBench»
VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer.

Front Panel Features

This section explains the features of the VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer
front panel, as shown in Figure 12-1.

© National Instruments Corporation 12-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 12 VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer

Status Display Bus Selector

Measurement
Display

Graphics
Display

Time and
Triggering
Controls

Zoom and Scroll Controls

Figure 12-1. Front Panel of VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer.

The front panel of VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer has the following features:

• Bus Selector—Selects the buses you want to display and the color for
each bus.
• Measurements Display—Displays the values of all the buses selected
by the measurement cursor.
• Timebase Control—Selects the interval of time the system acquires.
• Trigger Control—Selects the type of triggering the system uses.
• Data Pattern and Mask controls—When you use pattern triggering,
these controls select the pattern on which the system triggers and the
bits that it ignores.
• Run and Single Acquisition buttons—The Run button acquires data
continuously when selected. The Single Acquisition button instructs
VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer to perform a single acquisition.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 12-2 www.ni.com

 Chapter 12 VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer

• Zoom and Scroll controls—Adjust the view of your display data.

– Scroll Bar—Adjusts zoom view.
– Zoom In button—Zooms in on the displayed data. Each click
increases the view by a factor of two.
– Zoom Out button—Restores the display to show the entire buffer
of data.
• Graphics Display—Displays waveforms. When triggering, you can
move a trigger cursor on the display to select the trigger position. In
addition, you can use a measurement cursor to display the value of the
buses at a particular position on the display.
• Status Display—Displays information such as the sample rate and
cursor positions.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer Online Reference for more information
about the front panel items.

© National Instruments Corporation 12-3 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Chapter 12 VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer

Acquiring Data
Complete the following steps to start acquiring data with
VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer:
1. Connect a signal to a DAQ device. Refer to the user manual of your
DAQ device for details.
2. Configure VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer.
a. Select Edit»Acquisition Settings on the front panel.

Figure 12-2. Settings of VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer.

b. Select the National Instruments device you want to use in the

Device ring control, as shown in Figure 12-2. If your device does
not appear in the device list, make sure you have properly
configured the device using the Measurement & Automation
Explorer.
c. Click OK to use the settings.

Getting Started with VirtualBench 12-4 www.ni.com

 Chapter 12 VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer

d. Select Edit»Bus settings on the front panel. Refer to the Bus

settings dialog box as shown in Figure 12-3.

Figure 12-3. Bus Settings of VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer.

e. Enter the bus names and bits you want to select for each bus.
f. Click OK to use the settings.
g. On the front panel of the VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer, click Run
to start acquiring data.

Note Refer to the VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer Online Reference for more information
about configuring VirtualBench-Logic Analyzer for your specific application.

© National Instruments Corporation 12-5 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Technical Support Resources
A
This appendix describes the comprehensive resources available to you in
the Technical Support section of the National Instruments Web site and
provides technical support telephone numbers for you to use if you have
trouble connecting to our Web site or if you do not have internet access.

NI Web Support
To provide you with immediate answers and solutions 24 hours a day,
365 days a year, National Instruments maintains extensive online technical
support resources. They are available to you at no cost, are updated daily,
and can be found in the Technical Support section of our Web site at
www.ni.com/support

Online Problem-Solving and Diagnostic Resources

• KnowledgeBase—A searchable database containing thousands of
frequently asked questions (FAQs) and their corresponding answers or
solutions, including special sections devoted to our newest products.
The database is updated daily in response to new customer experiences
and feedback.
• Troubleshooting Wizards—Step-by-step guides lead you through
common problems and answer questions about our entire product line.
Wizards include screen shots that illustrate the steps being described
and provide detailed information ranging from simple getting started
instructions to advanced topics.
• Product Manuals—A comprehensive, searchable library of the latest
editions of National Instruments hardware and software product
manuals.
• Hardware Reference Database—A searchable database containing
brief hardware descriptions, mechanical drawings, and helpful images
of jumper settings and connector pinouts.
• Application Notes—A library with more than 100 short papers
addressing specific topics such as creating and calling DLLs,
developing your own instrument driver software, and porting
applications between platforms and operating systems.

© National Instruments Corporation A-1 Getting Started with VirtualBench

Appendix A Technical Support Resources

Software-Related Resources
• Instrument Driver Network—A library with hundreds of instrument
drivers for control of standalone instruments via GPIB, VXI, or serial
interfaces. You also can submit a request for a particular instrument
driver if it does not already appear in the library.
• Example Programs Database—A database with numerous,
non-shipping example programs for National Instruments
programming environments. You can use them to complement the
example programs that are already included with National Instruments
products.
• Software Library—A library with updates and patches to application
software, links to the latest versions of driver software for National
Instruments hardware products, and utility routines.

Worldwide Support
National Instruments has offices located around the globe. Many branch
offices maintain a Web site to provide information on local services. You
can access these Web sites from www.ni.com/worldwide

If you have trouble connecting to our Web site, please contact your local
National Instruments office or the source from which you purchased your
National Instruments product(s) to obtain support.

For telephone support in the United States, dial 512 795 8248. For
telephone support outside the United States, contact your local branch
office:
Australia 03 9879 5166, Austria 0662 45 79 90 0, Belgium 02 757 00 20,
Brazil 011 284 5011, Canada (Calgary) 403 274 9391,
Canada (Ontario) 905 785 0085, Canada (Québec) 514 694 8521,
China 0755 3904939, Denmark 45 76 26 00, Finland 09 725 725 11,
France 01 48 14 24 24, Germany 089 741 31 30, Greece 30 1 42 96 427,
Hong Kong 2645 3186, India 91805275406, Israel 03 6120092,
Italy 02 413091, Japan 03 5472 2970, Korea 02 596 7456,
Mexico (D.F.) 5 280 7625, Mexico (Monterrey) 8 357 7695,
Netherlands 0348 433466, New Zealand 09 914 0488,
Norway 32 27 73 00, Poland 0 22 528 94 06, Portugal 351 1 726 9011,
Singapore 2265886, Spain 91 640 0085, Sweden 08 587 895 00,
Switzerland 056 200 51 51, Taiwan 02 2528 7227,
United Kingdom 01635 523545

Getting Started with VirtualBench A-2 www.ni.com

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