RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7

Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Exercise 7.1 Page No: 7.22

1. Find the adjoint of each of the following matrices:

Verify that (adj A) A = |A| I = A (adj A) for the above matrices.

Solution:
(i) Let

A=
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 4
C12 = – 2
C21 = – 5
C22 = – 3
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(ii) Let

A=
Therefore cofactors of A are
C11 = d
C12 = – c
C21 = – b
C22 = a
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(iii) Let

A=
Therefore cofactors of A are
C11 = cos α
C12 = - sin α
C21 = - sin α
C22 = cos α
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(iv) Let

A=
Therefore cofactors of A are
C11 = 1
C12 = tan α/2
C21 = - tan α/2
C22 = 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

2. Compute the adjoint of each of the following matrices.

 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
(i) Let

A=
Therefore cofactors of A are
C11 = – 3
C21 = 2
C31 = 2
C12 = 2
C22 = – 3
C23 = 2
C13 = 2
C23 = 2
C33 = – 3
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(ii) Let

A=
Cofactors of A
C11 = 2
C21 = 3
C31 = – 13
C12 = – 3
C22 = 6
C32 = 9
C13 = 5
C23 = – 3
C33 = – 1
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(iii) Let

A=
Therefore cofactors of A
C11 = – 22
C21 = 11
C31 = – 11
C12 = 4
C22 = – 2
C32 = 2
C13 = 16
C23 = – 8
C33 = 8
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(iv) Let

A=
Therefore cofactors of A
C11 = 3
C21 = – 1
C31 = 1
C12 = – 15
C22 = 7
C32 = – 5
C13 = 4
C23 = – 2
C33 = 2
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given

A=
Therefore cofactors of A
C11 = 30
C21 = 12
C31 = – 3
C12 = – 20
C22 = – 8
C32 = 2
C13 = – 50
C23 = – 20
C33 = 5
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given

A=
Cofactors of A
C11 = – 4
C21 = – 3
C31 = – 3
C12 = 1
C22 = 0
C32 = 1
C13 = 4
C23 = 4
C33 = 3
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given

A=
Cofactors of A are
C11 = – 3
C21 = 6
C31 = 6
C12 = – 6
C22 = 3
C32 = – 6
C13 = – 6
C23 = – 6
C33 = 3
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given

A=
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 9
C21 = 19
C31 = – 4
C12 = 4
C22 = 14
C32 = 1
C13 = 8
C23 = 3
C33 = 2
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

7. Find the inverse of each of the following matrices:

Solution:
(i) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix should
not equal to zero.
Now, |A| = cos θ (cos θ) + sin θ (sin θ)
=1
Hence, A – 1 exists.
Cofactors of A are
C11 = cos θ
C12 = sin θ
C21 = - sin θ
C22 = cos θ
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(ii) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix should
not equal to zero.
Now, |A| = – 1 ≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists.
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 0
C12 = – 1
C21 = – 1
C22 = 0

(iii) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix
should not equal to zero.
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(iv) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix
should not equal to zero.
Now, |A| = 2 + 15 = 17 ≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists.
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

C12 = 3
C21 = – 5
C22 = 2

8. Find the inverse of each of the following matrices.

 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
(i) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix should
not equal to zero.

|A| =
= 1(6 – 1) – 2(4 – 3) + 3(2 – 9)
= 5 – 2 – 21
= – 18≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 5
C21 = – 1
C31 = – 7
C12 = – 1
C22 = – 7
C32 = 5
C13 = – 7
C23 = 5
C33 = – 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(ii) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix should
not equal to zero.

|A| =
= 1 (1 + 3) – 2 (– 1 + 2) + 5 (3 + 2)
= 4 – 2 + 25
= 27≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 4
C21 = 17
C31 = 3
C12 = – 1
C22 = – 11
C32 = 6
C13 = 5
C23 = 1
C33 = – 3
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(iii) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix
should not equal to zero.

|A| =
= 2(4 – 1) + 1(– 2 + 1) + 1(1 – 2)
=6–2
= – 4≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 3
C21 = 1
C31 = – 1
C12 = + 1
C22 = 3
C32 = 1
C13 = – 1
C23 = 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

C33 = 3

(iv) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix
should not equal to zero.

|A| =
= 2(3 – 0) – 0 – 1(5)
=6–5
= 1≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 3
C21 = – 1
C31 = 1
C12 = – 15
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

C22 = 6
C32 = – 5
C13 = 5
C23 = – 2
C33 = 2

(v) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix should
not equal to zero.

|A| =
= 0 – 1 (16 – 12) – 1 (– 12 + 9)
=–4+3
= – 1≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 0
C21 = – 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

C31 = 1
C12 = – 4
C22 = 3
C32 = – 4
C13 = – 3
C23 = 3
C33 = – 4

(vi) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix
should not equal to zero.

|A| =
= 0 – 0 – 1(– 12 + 8)
= 4≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
C11 = – 8
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

C21 = 4
C31 = 4
C12 = 11
C22 = – 2
C32 = – 3
C13 = – 4
C23 = 0
C33 = 0

(vii) The criteria of existence of inverse matrix is the determinant of a given matrix
should not equal to zero.

|A| = –0+0
= - (cos2 α – sin2 α)
= – 1≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

C11 = – 1
C21 = 0
C31 = 0
C12 = 0
C22 = - cos α
C32 = - sin α
C13 = 0
C23 = - sin α
C33 = cos α

9. Find the inverse of each of the following matrices and verify that A-1A = I3.
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
(i) We have

|A| =
= 1(16 – 9) – 3(4 – 3) + 3(3 – 4)
=7–3–3
= 1≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 7
C21 = – 3
C31 = – 3
C12 = – 1
C22 = 1
C32 = 0
C13 = – 1
C23 = 0
C33 = 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(ii) We have

|A| =
= 2(8 – 7) – 3(6 – 3) + 1(21 – 12)
=2–9+9
= 2≠ 0
Hence, A – 1 exists
Cofactors of A are
C11 = 1
C21 = 1
C31 = – 1
C12 = – 3
C22 = 1
C32 = 1
C13 = 9
C23 = – 5
C33 = – 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

10. For the following pair of matrices verify that (AB)-1 = B-1A-1.

Solution:
(i) Given
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Hence, (AB)-1 = B-1A-1

 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(ii) Given

Hence, (AB)-1 = B-1A-1

 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given

Solution:
Given
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given

A= and B – 1 =
Here, (AB) – 1 = B – 1 A – 1
|A| = – 5 + 4 = – 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Cofactors of A are
C11 = – 1
C21 = 8
C31 = – 12
C12 = 0
C22 = 1
C32 = – 2
C13 = 1
C23 = – 10
C33 = 15
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(i) [F (α)]-1 = F (-α)

(ii) [G (β)]-1 = G (-β)
(iii) [F (α) G (β)]-1 = G (-β) F (-α)

Solution:
(i) Given

F (α) =
|F (α)| = cos2 α + sin2 α = 1≠ 0
Cofactors of A are
C11 = cos α
C21 = sin α
C31 = 0
C12 = – sin α
C22 = cos α
C32 = 0
C13 = 0
C23 = 0
C33 = 1
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(ii) We have
|G (β)| = cos2 β + sin2 β = 1
Cofactors of A are
C11 = cos β
C21 = 0
C31 = -sin β
C12 = 0
C22 = 1
C32 = 0
C13 = sin β
C23 = 0
C33 = cos β
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

(iii) Now we have to show that

*F (α) G (β)+ – 1 = G (– β) F (– α)
We have already know that
*G (β)+ – 1 = G (– β)
*F (α)+ – 1 = F (– α)
And LHS = *F (α) G (β)+ – 1
= *G (β)+ – 1 *F (α)+ – 1
= G (– β) F (– α)
Hence = RHS

Solution:
Consider,
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
Given
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Exercise 7.2 Page No: 7.34

Find the inverse of the following matrices by using elementary row transformations:

Solution:
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
 RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix

Solution:
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7
Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix