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1 Introduction IE

This document outlines an engineering course on internet technologies. It introduces the course goals and contents which include networking basics, protocols, and major web technologies like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. It also provides an initial introduction to computer communications, the history and workings of the internet, and the world wide web.

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MohamadHajmosavi
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10 views23 pages

1 Introduction IE

This document outlines an engineering course on internet technologies. It introduces the course goals and contents which include networking basics, protocols, and major web technologies like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. It also provides an initial introduction to computer communications, the history and workings of the internet, and the world wide web.

Uploaded by

MohamadHajmosavi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In the Name of the Most High

Introduction & outline


Internet Engineering
Spring 2024
Mehdi Aminian

Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch


Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Introduction
2

 Module goals, structure and contents


 Practical matters
 Initial introduction to some key ideas and issues, historical
context
Course Goals
3

 A general understanding of the fundamentals of the


Internet and WWW
 Knowledge and experience with the major web
technologies
 Introduction to terms and acronyms
 Insight into what constitutes a well designed, usable web
application
Course Contents
4

 Web Programming
 Infrastructure
 HTML/XHTML
 Networking basics:
 CSS
media, LANs and long
distance comms  JavaScript/React

 Network protocols  PHP

 Client server paradigm,  XML

HTTP protocol, URLs,  Ajax


MIME types  Web Design Framework
Assessment
5

 Assignments & Project ~ 50%


 Final exam ~ %50
Text book
6

 Recommended Text
 Programming the World Wide Web, 6th edition, Robert W.
Sebesta, 2010, Pearson Addison Wesley
 Programming the World Wide Web (8th Edition, 2014)
 Some additional books will be introduced 
Notes
7

 Slides available from Piazza:


http://piazza.com/islamic_azad_university_north_tehran_
branch/spring2024/IE
 Please join Piazza & check it regularly

 Slides & notes


 Announcements & Homeworks
 Q&A
 Collaborations
 Contact me: [email protected]
Enabling Infrastructure
8

 Networks and Communications


 The Internet
 The World Wide Web
Computer Communications
9

 Early computers (1950s and early 1960s) were isolated


 Remote access and peripherals
 Connected to a central computer via dedicated lines or telephone
system
 Share resources

 From the late 1960’s onwards computers were connected to


other computers
 Via dedicated lines or telephone system
 Share information
The Internet Origins
10

 ARPA Networking Project (ARPANET) - late 1960s and early 1970s


 Wide area network to share computing facilities
 “Internetworking”
 Network reliability
 For ARPA-funded research organizations
The Internet Origins (Cont.)
11
 National Science Foundation internet (NSFnet) - 1986
 Initially connected five supercomputer centres

 By early 1990s it was the network for all


 Became the Internet backbone

 In 1990’s ban on commercial use of the Internet was lifted leading to an explosive
growth of “e-commerce”
The Internet and the WWW
12
 The WWW is one service running over the Internet - it is not
synonymous!
 Before the WWW
 The Internet was used by scientists, researchers, large (usually
governmental) organisations, and amateur enthusiasts
 Commerce on the Internet was almost unknown

 The WWW is now the major conduit to the Internet and the
major vehicle for e-commerce, but this is not what it was
designed for!
The WWW
13

 Allows a user anywhere on the Internet to search


for and retrieve documents
 1989 WWW proposal by group led by Tim
Berners-Lee at CERN
 Late 1990 prototype implemented on NeXT
 1991 WWW released to the rest of the world
 Documents in the form of hypertext
Hypertext
14

“Non-linear reading and writing”


Ted Nelson
A page
A page of text
of text A page
A page of text
of text A page
of text
A page
of text A page
of text
A page A page
of text of text
A page
of text

A page
A page
of text
of text
A page
A page A page
of text
of text of text

A page
of text
World Wide Web
15

HTTP Server Client


Apache , MS IIS Chrome, Mozilla Firefox MS
Internet Explorer

HTTP

HTML data
Web Programmer’s Toolbox
16

 HTML/XHTML
 CSS
 XML
 JavaScript
 PHP
 Ajax
 Web application frameworks - Ruby on Rails,
Laravel, Angular JS, ASP.NET, Simphony
HTML
17

 Describes the general form and layout of documents


 An HTML document is a mix of content and controls
 Controls are tags and their attributes
 Tags often delimit content and specify something about how the
content should be arranged in the document
 Attributes provide additional information about the content of a
tag
CSS
18

 A language for defining stylesheets that was


developed for HTML
 Provide the means to control and change
presentation of HTML documents
 Style sheets allow you to impose a standard style
on a whole document, or even a whole collection
of documents
XML
19

 A meta-markup language
 Used to create a new markup language for a particular
purpose or area
 Because the tags are designed for a specific area, they
can be meaningful
 A simple and universal way of representing data of any
textual kind
 No presentation details
JavaScript
20

 A client-side HTML-embedded scripting language


 Only related to Java through syntax
 Dynamically typed and not object-oriented
 Provides a way to access elements of HTML documents
and dynamically change them
PHP
21

 A widely used server-side scripting language


 Similar to JavaScript
 Great for form processing and database access through
the Web
 Free software released under the PHP License
Ajax
22

 Traditional web application is synchronous


 User (request) & Server (response) are synchronized
 Useris filling forms  Server in idle mode
 Server is processing  User is waiting

 Ajax
 (Automated) Asynchronous update of a portion of page
without interrupting user
Summary
23
 Course Content
 Practical matters
 Introduction to infrastructure
 Computer communications
 Internet
 WWW
 Introduction to the web programmer’s toolbox
 HTML
 CSS
 XML
 JavaScript
 PHP
 Ajax

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