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A Review On Sentiment Analysis Methodologies, Practices And Applications

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 02, FEBRUARY 2020 ISSN 2277-8616

A Review On Sentiment Analysis Methodologies,

Practices And Applications
Pooja Mehta, Dr.Sharnil Pandya

Abstract: The Sentiment Analysis is sometimes a technique to look at the information that is the form of text and determine opinions content from the
text. It is also termed as emotion or feeling mining. On-line communication channels like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and so forth are these days a lot of
passion into human life. People share their thoughts or feelings thereon. During this review paper, we tend to match on opinion mining or feeling
assessment which is an area of web data mining and Machine Learning. This paper shows aftereffect of examination by utilizing different ML and
Lexicon investigation methodologies. Outcomes are analyzed to play out an evaluation study and check the estimation of the present composition. In
this manner, it will help the future investigators with understanding present beginnings in the configuration of possibility examination.

Index Terms: Sentiment Analysis, opinion, emotions, Machine Learning, Accuracy, NLP, support vector machine
——————————  ——————————

1. INTRODUCTION machine learning. The staying of this paper is organized as the

followings: The next segment portrays explain about the
Human conduct is incredibly affected by their abstract introduction of the sentiment mining and opinion mining. From
sentiments and convictions, for example, demeanor, feeling, that point onwards, different stages of opinion Analysis are
assessment or slant. The choices we make can be affected by displayed. The portrayal of the previous work that is in Section
others' impressions of the world to an extensive degree, on the IV was done on sentiment analysis techniques is available.
grounds that conveying the others' assessments is wired into Introduction about the sentiment analysis sources/ resources
every individual normally and portrays us as 'social creatures'. are in Section V. Part VI explained regarding challenges of
Nowadays, social communication channels like Twitter, sentiment analysis. Finally, the Discussion and conclusion is
Facebook, and YouTube have obtained so much popularity. stated in section VII
Opinion mining is the other name of Sentiment Analysis which
is under the category of machine learning and data mining. A .SENTIMENT:
From the use of different social media, opinion mining or Sentiments can be expressed in different ways. It can be
sentiment analysis techniques have to start with people‘s data expressed with various kinds of emotions, by passing
for the analysis of a different kind of area like politic, economy judgments, vision or insight or views of people. An emotion can
or biology, etc. [2]. Massive amount of information related to be expressed as sudden reaction by person consciously or
distinct individual entities are recorded every day in digital unconsciously depending on situation. If we study the emotion
forms. And hence such a fast growth of the field co-exist along
in text format then it can be seen in two different ways. First it
with other social media related stuff such a forums discussion can be studies as impact on writer – the way he chooses word
,blogs, customer reviews ,Twitter and social network sites. to express certain emotions. And second impact on reader-how
Sentiment analysis includes classification of data into various he interpret content written depending on his state of mind and
classes like optimistic i.e. good sense or negative i.e. bad his ability to analysis things.
sense or neutral i.e. non-effective. Sentiment analysis is the
task of perceiving whether a given opinion is positive or B Sentiment Analysis:
negative in general[3](e.g., a movie review, a person, a Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is the process to
political party, or a policy or product feature review. Because identifying and recognize or categorized the users‘ emotion or
of the free format of messages and easy accessibility of micro- opinion for any services like movies, product issues, events or
blogging platforms, most of the data on social media are any attribute is positive, negative or neutral. The sources for
unstructured [3]. When it is necessary to make conclusion or this analysis is social communication channels i.e Web site
final output, it is important to get Opinions of persons. From which include reviews, forum discussions, blogs, micro-blogs,
different people‘s experience and reviews which contain
Twitter etc. This research field is very popular nowadays
important resource. Recent work have been done in promotion because of its opinioned data where user can find reviews for
and challenging areas with the implementation of opinion any services which are useful for their daily lives. The large
mining which serves desires of the individuals [5]. Appropriate amount of opinionated data is stored in digital forms. For
training set is required for sentiment analysis for better particular topic or any opinion the sentiment analysis which
performance, and accurate dataset for improper analysis of relates the mining of the data works and give the output. For
the text. For better means and accuracy, the linguistic analysis sentiment analysis, research works on emotion-based
is considered Machine summarization, feeling or mind extraction. Sentiment analysis
____________________________ also known as Opinion mining which uses NLP – Natural
 Pooja Mehta is currently pursuing PhD degree in Faculty of Technology Language Processing to following the emotions, feelings of
and Engineering in computer engineering in C. U Shah University, the public opinion about a particular topic for any product or
Wadhvan ,Surendranagar ,Gujarat,India. E- services. As Sentiment analysis is very famous, it can be also
mail:[email protected] useful in many ways in surveys and advertisement campaign
 Dr.Sharnil Pandya is currently Associate Professor in Symbiosis by getting the success rate of any product or services with
University, Pune, Maharshtra ,India, E-mail:
[email protected]
people‘s opinion or suggestion. .It also give the information
learning for effective and Natural Language Processing (NLP) about people liking and disliking and company gets much clear
and computational linguistics are there main languages for
idea regarding its product features. Sentiment Analysis has
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increased a lot of acceptance among various zone like politics 1) Document Level: This is very first level of Opinion mining or
[9], business [10] and marketing/selling and advertisement (to sentiment analysis which is only based on the document. In
estimate sales of specific products). So identifying type of this particular level, we take the whole document is taken into
sentence is the most important part of opinion mining. We consideration and figure out the polarity. Through this level or
have to classify the sentence either subjective or objective. with the help of this level we can classifies whether the
Recent or existing research is using both supervised and available opinion or emotions provide us a positive sentiment
unsupervised learning technique to provide different or negative sentiment [4].To consider this, the document
techniques for several purpose of sentiment analysis. In initial should be on a single topic. The main source of this document
research all or combination of below supervised techniques to be considered is sentiment or emotions. For example, in
are used. one text, the file contains the review of only single product,
1. Support vector machine now that the system starts calculating whether the whole
2. Maximum Entropy review is expressing an overall positive or negative opinion
3. Naive Bayes about this product. Thus, for many products review this type of
Unsupervised techniques used by intial research are level is not valid. The main and only advantage of is that we
1. Exploit sentiment lexicons get most of all polarity of a particular feature and the drawback
2. Grammatical analysis of this level is that people‘s liking and disliking didn‘t get by
3. syntactic patterns this.

In general, ―Sentiment Analysis includes advanced processes.

The analysis has a totally different series of tasks, sentiment
classification (supervised or unsupervised), subjective or
objective analysis, and opinion extraction. For any text
document or a sentence, to do the labeling as subjective or
objective can be evaluating by subject level analysis. The
sentiment classification includes the duty of probing the
sentiment polarity of the filtered sentences‖. All the sentences
are dividing in to neutral, negative or positive type which is
depends on the emotions we get from the reviews.
1. Subjective / Objective Classification
One of the main tasks in sentiment analysis (SA) are
Subjective and objective classification. The main purpose is to
divide the entire documents or sentences into one of the two
classes; objective or subjective [11]. In Opinion mining, the
Fig.1 Categories of Sentiment Analysis
sentences in the text are labeled as either subjective or
objective. By using the sentiment analysis we can extract
2) Sentence Level: One of the other categories of sentiment
subjective sentence. The factual information generated by
analysis is sentence-level, in which to determine the polarity of
objective sentences need to be removed. When it contains
each sentence is processed and analyzed which gives a
emotions or feelings subjective sentences are important to the
positive, negative or neutral opinion about the sentence.
procedure with sentiment analysis. Subjective sentence are
Subjective sentence are made up of views of users,
made up with following views of users, perspectives, thoughts,
perspective and opinion about the sentence. Sentence is
comments and opinions about the sentence level.
neutral when it does not imply any opinion. When sentence is
neutral it is more likely to be called objective sentence which
Example-
gives fact information under subjective classification called
1) Subjective: Inception is an awesome movie.
subjective sentences which shows subjective views and
(The sentence having emotion (awesome), thus it is
opinions. Subjectivity and objectivity classification are the main
subjective)
advantage of sentence analysis. Generally, subjective
2.) Objective: Leonardo is the actor of Inception. (there is no
sentences is detected in machine learning. But, at the
sentiment in this sentence, it is an actual fact, and thus it is
sentence level, there is a limitation with sentiment analysis
objective)[13].
For subjective sentence various research are going on.For any
3) Aspect/Feature Level: The other name of the Aspect level is
organization ,objective lines will be eliminated and subjective
also Feature level or entity level. We can find people's likes
sentence will be consider in research as it contain the opinion
and dislikes in both the document and the sentence level
and emotion. English language is mostly uses for the
analysis. Finally the output of this Aspect level which express
subjective classification research but other various studies
the output as opinion is most detailed type of sentiment
being done in many languages .Arabic language and urdu
analysis. Two outcomes are considered POSITIVE or
language are one of them with the use of different supervised
NEGATIVE and the target value. To find out sentiment on
learning classification methods and support vector machine
entities and their features, target opinion helps to realize the
(SVM) is one of them for the subjectivity and sentiment
importance of this level. Reviews, feedbacks, comments, and
analysis.
complaints, etc. are performed at this level.
C CLASSIFICATION LEVEL
There are different types of classification levels: 1) Document-
level 2) the Sentence level 3) Attribute /Aspect Level

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2. APPLICATIONS the emotions. On the internet you can access list of stop
words. In the pre-processing step, it can be used to remove
A. Decision making support: them.
Building a website that could perform decision making is a 5) Conjunction handling - In general, there is only one
very crucial part. Analysis has its own advantage like; it can meaning of each sentence at a time. But there are certain
lead to different ideas which can help us to make decision in available conjunction words like But, And, while, although,
day to day life such as choosing a good restaurant to go for however, changes the whole denotation of its sentence. For
dinner, or buying a new car or selecting a good movie to watch example, even though the ride was good but it was not up to
etc. my hopes. By using these rules throughput can be amplified
B. Business related application: by 5% [6].
Because if every day changing market, the competition has 6) Negation handling - Negation words like ‗not‘ inverts the gist
increased a lot in co-operative world. Every wants to create a of the whole sentence. For example, the movie was not good
innovative and newest product which can fully satisfy their as ‗good‘ in it which is optimistic but ‗not‘ upturns the schism to
customers. To achieve more valuation of their product, negative.
organization can assemble all the needs of their users and To identify emotions or opinion words is an important task in
enhance the efficiency of product from feedback collected many applications in opinion mining. From the given feature
from their customers. ,classifying the polarity is basic important task. Positive,
C. Predictions and trend analysis: Negative and Neutral are three classes where the polarity is
Tracking views of public by sentiment scrutiny which enable categorized .From Polarity identification, calculation of
any person to predict the market scenario which helps any sentiment strength, sentiment score etc. can be done using
person for trading and polls market. By using this all opinions Lexicon techniques. ―There are various ways and techniques
user can predict the market trends. are available for opinion mining, there are majorly two groups
used. 1) Uses lexicon methods and 2) machine learning
3. MATERIAL AND METHOD AND method which resolves the problems of SA.
APPROACHES 1 )Lexicon based approach: In this current approch ,when
Numerous methodologies are available for opinion mining, but using the available lexicon techniques for a text which is given,
two main groups are used. The problems of SA will be solved will separate the words.In general it performed by aggregation
by the first group using by implementing the machine learning of scores : for example subjective words scores as
approach. The second group uses lexicon-based method positive,negative and nuetral etc are summed up separately
which is a linguistically-inclined method. In both groups, many for same. It assigns a score to each word ..Atlast four scores
techniques exist. From the following way, we can extract the are generated . The one which gets the maximum score gives
features of text or sentences. the overall split of the text[10]. It has mainly divided into two
1) N-Gram: Only one word can be taken by one at a time parts.a)Dictionary-based b)corpus-based.
(unigram) or two words (bigram) up to n words as a result.
Unigram features cannot be captured by some opinions. For A ) Dictionary-based approach - In this system,the user
example, this book is fascinating. It is an optimistic comment if collected a set of sentiments words and seed list is prepared
in only unigram model it is fascinating to take it together and by them.After that ,the user start searching for phrasebooks
negative. and lexicon to find synonyms and antonyms of particular
2) POS tagging: –―It is the way of words to signify it in content text.Once this is done,the newly created substitutes are added
(corpus) as it is linked to its parts of speech in the light of both into the seed list.Untill there are no new words are found to
its definition and its connotation with touching the words. users this process continues..
Nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, etc. are examples of Disadvantage: There has to have struggle in finding context or
different parts of speech‖. domain-oriented emotion words.
3) Stemming – In this, eliminating prefixes and suffixes is the B) Corpus-based approach - Corpus is a basically a term
main process.. For example, ‗running‘, ‗sleeping‘, ‗ran‘ can be which is a cluster of writing like group of some writing which is
stemmed from ‗run‘ and ‗sleep‘ respectively. It basically helps often on a very precise matter.In this,users uses the help of
in Cataloging but sometimes it also leads to decrease in corpus text to drawn-out the seed list which is in organized
cataloging accuracy. situation[9].
4) Stop words – Stop words are Pronouns (he/she, it), articles
(a, an, the), prepositions (above, in, near, under, besides).
These words are nothing but offer no or little information about

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Fig. 2 Various Approaches of Sentiment P (label/features) =P (label)* P (features/label)/P (features)

Analysis
2) Machine Learning approach: b) Bayesian Network: It is used to manifest relationships
In this approach, initially classification is performed by taking among different features.It can be compared with acyclic
two different assemblies of the document. Trained data and test graph in which nodes represent random variable and edges
data are part of these. This is termed as involuntary represent dependencies This model is very pricey and hence
classification. Further text is extracted from the features and it‘s hardly used.
categorized into I) supervised and II) unsupervised. c) Maximum Entropy: By doing encoding, the labeled feature
a) Supervised System- Among various kind of datasets sets are converted into to vectors by using classifiers .This
,Labeled training dataset is one of them which is used in vector are converted and utilized to decide the weights of
supervised system. Each type of class has its own property these features which can be able to use to suppose and
and advatanges and has its label related to it which can be predict the label for each of their feature set.
used for this system.Each word ,upon arriving is categorized
under a label depending on its type and charecteristics related 2. Linear classifier: The characteristics of the linear
with it. classification can be implementing by using this classifier
which is used to shows predictor as result and can be divided
1. Probabilistic classifier: Predicts or anticipates probability in to two classes:
function related to input records among different modules. A) Support Vector Machine (SVM): This learning model is
a) Naïve Bayes: In this, to generate possibilities of a group under supervision to utilize for classification. The most
to provide prediction that group of properties belongs to one important purpose of this particular model is to assure that this
particular label with help of Bayes theorem using merely a text is the best linear separator for classification. This will make a
document as an input. BOW - Bag of Words is a way to extract model that results in new information into one or two classes
a text with using machine learning methologies which is simple using SVM training.
and easy to implement. This existing model conduct that these B) Neural Network (NN): It is a neural structure of the brain
all the features which are given autonomous. [20] having electronic networks of neurons. In this network, Neuron
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is the basic component. Neurons are categorized in to three Comparison of various Approaches and Methods
parts- input, hidden and output. In [22] and [24] research work used a feed forward neural
network for:
3 .Decision tree classifier: To make division of the data, there 1) Identifying online users who express their feelings, show
is a condition which is used. one class consist those data perspective and tweets oftenly. And 2) To characterize these
which mollify the condition and other class consist of the tweets in different categories based on positive and negative
remaining of the data. This technique is called a recursive keywords, For this purpose they also used Twitter API.
technique which has two parts: single attribute split and multi Convolutional Neural network is one of the methods which are
attribute split. used for Sentiment Analysis. By combining sentiment analysis
4. Rule based classifier –It is condition based classifier which and the Morphological Sentence Pattern Model we can get
makes usage of condition or rule like IF, THEN. It can be many good outcomes. The other techniques like Tokenization,
written as stemming, and preprocessing, self- organizing map (SOM),
IF condition THEN decision‖ and a recursive neural network can also be used for sentiment
We can produce the rules based on our requirements at the analysis. In [21], the proposed system shows that after data
time of training phase [2]. preprocess it classifies into sentence-level and then extracts
the features of the data. After then it applies the coherence
4. RESOURCES OF SENTIMENT ANALYSIS resolution and usage of SentiWordNet. .It applies the SVM
To collect data is the main purpose of Sentiment analysis machine learning approach to count the accuracy of the
where social communication channels like Twitter, Facebook product feature. At last, we find the overall sentiment or
or any pre-existing resources. accuracy regarding the feature of the product. In [23], research
A) Blogs & Forums: It is source of opinions and emotions works shows that different machine learning methods are used
where we get information for research purpose and that all to extract the emotions. It uses the different twitter data to
information can be used by researchers via Web forums and preprocessing, subjective classification and feature
blogs. ―Generally, for only single subject forums are designed; classification. At last, it counts the accuracy for all machine
thus, by using the forums we can ensure the sentiment mining learning methods like SVM, Naïve Bayes and ME. In [25],
in single domain. As well, it‘s the trend that bloggers updated proposed different method which works on artificial intelligence
their blogs and reviews every day after activities in and around .Propose model works on VADER method which is different
their areas, countries and around the world. than tradition methods like SVM or ME. By using VADER
B) Reviews: There are many available studies which dedicated method which is Valence Aware Dictionary and sentiment
only on reviews because of their usability with the opinions Reasoner the opinions are categorized in to positive, negative
and sentiment. During any research, Movie and product and neutral The user emotions are divided in to optimistic,
reviews were mostly studied by researcher where the main negative and unbiased by a. The result shows the highest rank
purpose is to get the feedback from the sentiment and of three artificial intelligence. The best resource for the SA is
opinions. review data. In [26] researchers uses techniques of NLP and
C) News Articles: News articles, such as financial articles and computational linguistics to classify the sentiments of the
political reviews are a popular source of sentiment analysis reviews of the hotel data. This outcome shows the result of
[51]‖. The main format of News articles texts is structured and satisfaction, security, comfort, luxury and lodging services for
formal. tourist person. It would help the hotel managers to have what
D) Social Networks: Many social networks sites are available customer needs, discover areas for further development and
from which we can take the opinions and reviews for sentiment increase its service quality. NLP techniques are used for
analysis like Twitter, Facebook, etc. reviews data which works with the processing of textual data
 Twitter: for sentiment analysis. Here, researchers used Sentimental
Tweets are the messages posted by different users, polarity based model (SPBM) for their work. It uses
having restriction of 140 characters. Users can read message multinomial algorithm from Naïve Bayes method which gave
(called Tweets) of one another. The micro-blogging service good prediction results when compared to other classification
which provides this facility is knows as Twitter. By using this algorithms. In Opinion mining, E-commerce and news type
tweets which can work as opinions and reviews for future datasets are available. In [27] and [28] research, they took the
patterns where we can generate the poll results. data set from Amazon and BBC – online news channels where
 Facebook: they proposed works. While handling in all the datasets, it
The provision of posting personal profile, photos, videos divides positive and negative text for the objective, from the
and other related information are provided by most famous features review and articles respectively and performed
social networking facility called Facebook which is popular different analysis methods like preprocessing where data is
right after it got launched in 2004. cleaned for analysis. At first, the goal is to calculate the
Hence, these much ample amount of information available polarity of textual data whether it is positive or negative. Naïve
in form of user‘s message, computer technology which is Bayes and SVM methods are used to find the accuracy and
dependent on sentiment behind this message is introduced precision of the data which are supervised learning method.
known as sentiment analysis. Collection of known and defined words are called Sentiment
5. RELATED WORK lexicon. Two types of sentiment analysis are :1) Lexicon Based
A lot of studies have been done by scholars to analyze & 2 ) Machine learning .Polarity shift is the main concern in
emotions or opinions. There are many methods used to extract any aspect or feature level. And research such as [29][31],
the data. are done to find this polarity shifts .In their research Bag-of
words which handle text data as vector of different words. And
various ML techniques are used to categorize these words.

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This model also lacks majorly with polarity shift issue (NB), Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Rocchio classifiers
.Technique called PSDEE-Polarity Shift Detection, Elimination, including in this classification. In [34],they proposed sentiment
and Ensemble is used to address this polarity shift issue in analysis for dealing with any topic from related documents
Document level sentiment analysis. And then ML techniques which gives the output as positive or negative. For opinion
such as Naïve Bayes and SVM are used for sentiment polarity retrieve, the topic-related structured are made with the help
(which is positive, negative or neural) after preprocessing the with query-dependent. To implement ranking algorithm for data
data. Twitter site is a micro-blogging because it‘s data are not retrieval researchers uses SVMRank. To calculate
in structured format. These data are shared by different users performance of ranking, many methods that can be used to.
in form of their feelings or about their daily life. Twitter data are Mean Average Precision (MAP) as the evaluation metric used
appropriate in data stream mining as data or messages are for TREC community. In [37], by using the Naïve Bayes
small and continuous. [30][32][33][36][41], research works on classifier it can detect the polarity of the English tweets
twitter data which analysis sentiment from its short text. Text whether tweets are positive, negative or nuetral. Two unique
data can be categorized into positive or negative opinion .In variations of Naive Bayes classifiers were constructed 1
general or specific item feature is called sentiment )specific Baseline and 2) Binary (which makes use of an
classification. Views of different people about specific product lexicon methods and groups as positive and negative)
can be divided into positive sentiments, negative sentiments or Multiword from various sources and Valence Shifters are
neutral sentiments. Supervised machine learning method is identified by this approach. In [38] talks about the social media
most reliable method for sentiment analysis. The machine site like twitter, Facebook which is very famous in social media
learning algorithms which are useful for sentiment analysis are networks. They propose a new framework to finding the
Naive Bayes, Maximum Entropy and Support Vector Machine polarity of the opinion or emotions from the web dataset. It
(SVM) to find the accuracy of the product feature. Sentiment joins this system with manually data from Twitter. Twitter API is
Analysis is a very challenging and important task that works on used to gather data. It analyze the data in to positive , negative
machine learning . In [35], propose sentiment classification and neutral. Unigram Naive Bayes which is sub method of
works on the Arabic language. They spoke to that Arabic Naiva bayes approach is used for this. In [39], they propose a
tweets represent a decent open door for opinion mining supervised sentiment classification framework which is based
research however they were postponed because of lack of on data from Twitter to find the accuracy of the data. For
sentiment analysis assets or difficulties in Arabic language text Twitter client characterized it include hash tags in tweets ,
analysis. There are two levels available for classification in single words, n-grams which are then consolidated into a
Arabic. In first one subjectivity analyzer based on supervised solitary element vector for sentiment order. K-Nearest
approaches and filters the reviews in relevant and irrelevant Neighbor algorithm is used to allocate sentiments names by
and second level sentiment analyzer based also on building an element vector for every model in the preparation
supervised approaches and ensemble techniques to classify and test set.
relevant reviews into positive, negative and neutral. For
utilizing diverse weight plans, stemming and n-grams
procedures tests were led which demonstrated that SVM
classifier utilizing TF-IDF through bigrams includes was better
when contrasted with Naive Bayesian classifier. Naïve Bayes

Table 1.0 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TECHNIQUES OF SENTIMENT ANALYSIS

Sr.No Year Paper Title Methodology Used Review Dataset Accuracy
A Feature Based Approach for
Sentiment Analysis using SVM Training Dataset of
1 (2017) SVM & co-reference Resolution 73.6%
and co-reference Product Review
Resolution[21]

Neural network with Feed

2 Neural Networks for Sentiment
(2015) Forward Method Twitter Dataset 74.15%
Analysis on Twitter[22]

Study of Twitter Sentiment

Naïve Bayes, 86.4%
Analysis using Machine
3 (2017) SVM Twitter Dataset 73.5%
Learning Algorithms on
Maximum Entropy 88.97%
Python[23]
Sentiment Analysis using
Product Data Review 74.15%
4 (2018) Neural Networks: A New Convolutional Neural Network
Twitter Data 64.69%
Approach[24]
Sentiment Analysis of Twitter
Valence Aware Dictionary and
5 (2018) Corpus Related to Artificial Reviews of Electronic 87.4%
Sentiment Reasoner (VADER)
Intelligence Assistants[25] product
A framework for sentiment
Naive Bayes
6 (2018) analysis with opinion mining of Hotel Reviews from 83.5%
hotel reviews[26] OpinRank
Aspect-Level Sentiment
Naïve Bayes Amazon Customer 90.423%
7 (2018) Analysis on E-Commerce
SVM Review Data 83.43%
Data[27]
Document Level Sentiment
8 (2017) Machine learning approaches BBC News Dataset 57.7%
Analysis from News

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Articles[28]
Polarity Shift Detection
Lexicon-based and Supervised
9 (2017) Approaches in Sentiment Product Review 84.6%
Machine Learning-based
Analysis: A survey[29]
Language Technology Platform
A Sentiment Analysis Method COAE2014(BBC
10 (2017) (LTP) for dependency syntax 86.5%
of Short Texts in Microblog[30] DataSet)
analysis
SemEval-2016 Task 4:
11 (2016) Sentiment Analysis in SVM Twitter Dataset 84.5%
Twitter[32]
A Topic-based Approach for
12 (2016) Sentiment Analysis on Twitter SVM Twitter Dataset 74.09%
Data[33]
Ensemble of Classification
Naive Bayes, Arabic Reviews from 97.06%
Algorithms for Subjectivity and
13 2013 SVM jeeran.com(service and 89.1%
Sentiment Analysis of Arabic
product reviews)
Customers' Reviews[35]
Cities: A Naive-Bayes Strategy Training Dataset of
14 (2014) for Sentiment Analysis on Naïve Bayes Tweets by 76.54%
English Tweets[37] SEMEVAL2014
Opinion Mining on Social
15 (2013) Naïve Bayes Twitter Dataset 76.8%
Media Data[38]
Sentiment Knowledge
16 (2010) Discovery in Twitter streaming Multinomial Naïve Bayes Twitter API 82.45%
Data[41]
Twitter as a Corpus for
17 (2010) Sentiment Analysis and SRF Twitter Dataset 56.4%
Opinion Mining[42]

In [45], propose a method for tweets ordering by using a two-

In [40], they proposed to method for 3-route show for ordering stage programmed sentiment analysis In first phase they
sentiment into positive, negative and neutral classes. Unigram collect tweets and arrange it as objective and then afterward
based model and a tree kernel based model are used tor this in the second phase , the abstract tweets were named positive
analysis. For tree kernel-based model ,it made with spoken or negative. The element space utilized included re-tweets,
tweets which works as tweets - tree. 100 highlights uses by hash-tags, link, accentuation and exclamation stamps related
highlight based model and unigram uses more than 10,000 to highlights like the earlier extremity of words and POS.
highlights. The tree kernel-based model beat the other two
models. In reference[41], Firehouse API , which gives Twitter 6 CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE
streaming data to fetch all messages from every users which In this paper, we mainly focus on the basics of sentiment
is openly available. Different methods such as stochastic angle /opinion mining and its levels. There are various approaches
plunge, the Hoeffding tree and multinomial naive Bayes are and methods to identify sentiment from content. In this paper,
used to test these data. They concluded that when SGD based our examination represents machine learning procedures.
model is used with appropriate learning rate ,it is better than From various classification methods, Sentiment Analysis
other methods. Micro-blogging websites are rich sources of indicates the results into positive, negative and neutral scores.
data for opinion mining and sentiment analysis. In [42], A The study shows that machine learning methods, such as
model has been suggested to categorize message of user SVM, Naive Bayes, and neural networks have the highest
(aka tweets) in positive and negative. We recommend ways to accuracy and can be considered as the baseline learning
gather mass of data which can be used in sentiment analysis methods as well as in some cases lexicon-based methods are
and opinion mining purposes. In this ,they have used Twitter very effective. In future work, discovering the result of various
API to collect massive amount of tweets which uses emotions other combinations of text data and other on prediction
and subsequently commenting on them. Relied on the accuracy can be done. More work in the future is needed to
techniques such as multinomial naïve Bayes which uses N- improve performance measures.
grams and POS labels and using this massive amount of
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