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Oscillations and Waves I, II (HRW Ch. 15, 16, 17) : SNU Spring 2024 Physics 1 (034.001) Homework V (Due Date: 5/24/24)

This document contains 10 physics homework problems related to oscillations and waves. The problems cover topics like simple harmonic oscillators, transverse waves on ropes, and the Doppler effect. Students are asked to derive expressions for oscillation frequencies, wave speeds, and other physical quantities.

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425 views2 pages

Oscillations and Waves I, II (HRW Ch. 15, 16, 17) : SNU Spring 2024 Physics 1 (034.001) Homework V (Due Date: 5/24/24)

This document contains 10 physics homework problems related to oscillations and waves. The problems cover topics like simple harmonic oscillators, transverse waves on ropes, and the Doppler effect. Students are asked to derive expressions for oscillation frequencies, wave speeds, and other physical quantities.

Uploaded by

­이상연 / 학생 / 전기·정보공학부
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SNU Spring 2024 Physics 1 (034.

001) Homework V (Due date: 5/24/24)


Oscillations and Waves I, II (HRW Ch. 15, 16, 17)

Problem 1
𝑑𝑞 𝑑2 𝑞
Consider a general time dependent displacement variable 𝑞 (and 𝑞̇ = ; 𝑞̈ = ) and for a particular oscillating
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 2
(𝜔) system, kinetic energy has the form (𝐾𝐸 = 𝐴𝑞̇ 2 ) and potential energy (𝑈 = 𝐵𝑞 2 + 𝐶, where 𝐶 is a constant).
𝑑𝐸
For a system under solely conservative forces (i.e., energy is conserved and 𝑑𝑡
= 0), show that 𝜔 = √𝐴/𝐵.

Problem 2

Equally distant between two identical large stationary masses 𝑀, a bead of mass 𝑚 (≪
𝑀) slides frictionlessly along a light rod. Bead’s motion is only affected by gravitational
forces of two large masses. Express the angular frequency of the bead’s small oscillation
about the midpoint between the two large masses.

Problem 3

Consider a rod of length 𝑙 and mass 𝑚. It pivots about its lower end. Two identical
springs (𝑘), one at top and the other at center, are attached so that they apply a force in
opposing directions perpendicular to rod axis at equilibrium when the rod is vertical.
Express the frequency of small oscillation about the equilibrium position.

Problem 4

Consider a simple teeter-toy (t-t) fashioned from a circular arc segment (2𝛼), a rod from
top to center (𝑟), and two equal masses 𝑚 attached at its opposite ends.

a) Express the moment of inertia (𝐼𝑜 ) of the t-t about 𝑂.


b) Express the rotational kinetic energy of the t-t, if it ‘rocks’ about 𝑂 with angular
velocity 𝜃̇ .
c) Express the potential energy of the t-t, if it ‘rocks’ about angle 𝜃 about normal.
d) Express the frequency of oscillation (𝜔) for the t-t.
e) Show that the t-t oscillation is stable if the masses are ‘below’ 𝑂 at equilibrium.
𝑑2 𝑈
(Hint: 𝑑𝜃2 > 0)
Problem 5
1 𝑏
2 𝑒 −𝑚𝑡 (15-
In the textbook, for a lightly damped oscillator, the total mechanical energy is given as: 𝐸(𝑡) ≈ 2 𝑘𝑥𝑚
44). Oscillators are characterized by their 𝑄-factor, a dimensionless parameter, which relates the ratio of average
𝑑𝐸
energy stored to average energy dissipated (lost) during 1 rad of oscillation. With Δ𝐸 ≈ 𝑑𝑡
∆𝑡, show that 𝑄 =
−1
𝜔0 𝛾 where 𝛾 = 𝑏/𝑚 and 𝜔0 is the angular frequency of the oscillator.

Problem 6

Consider three identical ropes with uniform linear mass density


(𝑀/𝐿). End 𝐴 of the first rope is attached to the ceiling. End 𝐴 of
the second is held and the rope is twirled at a constant angular speed
𝜔. Ends 𝐴 and 𝐵 are attached to form a uniform circle and the rope
rotates about the center at a constant angular speed 𝜔. For the three
ropes, express the speed of transverse wave along the length of the
ropes (i.e., from 𝐴 to 𝐵).

Problem 7

Three strings of equal lengths but under differing tensions are made to vibrate. If their linear mass density ratio is
1:2:3 and their frequencies of vibrations are equal, express the ratio of tensions.

Problem 8

A string of linear mass density 𝜇, length 𝐿, and under tension 𝜏 oscillates in a mode 𝑛 at a frequency 𝑓. Express
∆𝑓/𝑓 for a small change in tension.

Problem 9

Two acoustic speakers, each emitting a frequency 𝑓 tone, are separated by distance 𝑑. An observer starts walking
from one speaker in a straight line perpendicular to the two acoustic speakers. She walks distance 𝑥, where she
encounters the first maximum intensity of sound. With speed of sound 𝑣𝑠 , express distance 𝑥.

Problem 10

Two identical tuning forks of frequency 𝑓 move relatively to a stationary observer with same absolute speeds. One
fork moves away and the other towards her. The observer hears a beat frequency of 𝛿𝑓. Express the speeds of
the forks.

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