CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY CARIG CAMPUS

Arduino-Based Automated Humidifier with Sensor Integration

Jemuel E. Martin
Jonas U. Calipayan
Efren Sibbaluca

INSTRUCTOR:
Engr. Bernard D. Bisuecos, DIT
 Arduino-Based Automated Humidifier with Sensor Integration

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Maintaining optimal indoor humidity and temperature levels is crucial for health, comfort, and
the preservation of certain materials. Poor indoor air quality can lead to various health issues,
including respiratory problems and allergies. Additionally, certain environments, such as
greenhouses and storage facilities, require precise humidity and temperature control to ensure the
proper growth of plants and the preservation of goods.
While commercial humidifiers have been useful in various applications, they generally require
manual intervention to maintain desired humidity levels. This manual process is not only time-
consuming but also prone to human error, which can result in suboptimal humidity conditions.
Moreover, the absence of real-time data displays means users are often unaware of the current
environmental conditions and the water level within the humidifier. This oversight can lead to
interruptions in operation and reduced efficiency, particularly in critical environments like
greenhouses, where precise humidity control is essential.
Specifically, the project aims to design a humidifier that activates when humidity or temperature
reaches set thresholds, include a water depth sensor to monitor and indicate low water levels, and
implement an LCD display to show real-time humidity, temperature, and water level
information. By achieving these objectives, the research aims to provide a more efficient and
user-friendly solution for maintaining indoor air quality and operational efficiency.

1.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Temperature and Humidity Data collection Real-time data display
sensor Data processing Activated mist maker
Water level monitoring Control mechanism
Arduino Nano
microcontroller
Spray Humidifier
Atomization disc circuit
board
 The conceptual framework is illustrated in the form of Input-Process-Output model as
shown in the table above.
The input of the system includes the sensors to be used like the temperature and humidity
sensor, and the water depth sensor, also includes the use of Arduino Nano as the central
processing unit of the system that manages all the data and control the output.
As for the process, the Arduino nano processes the data by monitoring the temperature
and humidity sensor and ensuring the water level is adequate. When the humidity drops below a
set threshold, the mist maker will be activated.
The final output of the system is to maintain optimal humidity, and display the data on
LCD.

1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The existing commercial humidifiers lack the integration of sensors and real-time data display,
leading to inefficiencies and limitations in maintaining optimal indoor environmental conditions.
Manual monitoring and adjustment are often required, resulting in inconvenience and potential
user oversight. Moreover, with the consequent rise in heat index, the demand for effective
humidity control becomes even more critical. The absence of automated systems to adjust based
on real-time humidity and temperature levels can exacerbate discomfort and health risks
associated with high heat index, particularly in enclosed spaces. This situation is further
compounded by the lack of water level monitoring capabilities, increasing the risk of operational
interruptions due to the device running dry unnoticed. Therefore, there is a pressing need to
develop an automated humidifier system that integrates humidity, temperature, and water level
sensors with a real-time data display to enhance user convenience, ensure optimal environmental
conditions, and improve maintenance efficiency.

1.4 GENERAL OBJECTIVE

The general objective of the project is to develop an automated humidifier system that
enhances user convenience and ensures optimal indoor environmental conditions by integrating
sensors and real-time data display. Specifically, the study seeks to:
 To incorporate humidity and temperature sensors that accurately detect environmental
conditions and trigger the humidifier to activate when pre-set thresholds are reached.
 To include a water level monitoring in the system that continuously monitors the water
level within the humidifier and provides automatic shutdown when water levels are low.
 To implement an LCD display that shows real-time data on humidity, temperature, and
water level, ensuring users are always aware of the current environmental conditions and
the operational status of the humidifier.
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
The project aims to design an automated humidifier system within a limited budget and
timeframe. The system incorporates essential features such as humidity and temperature
monitoring, and automatic activation of the mist maker when humidity drops below a predefined
threshold. Real-time data display of humidity and temperature on an LCD screen will provide
users with immediate feedback on the indoor environment. Additionally, the system will include
water level monitoring capabilities which ensures continuous operation.
However, due to budget and time constraints, certain limitations must be acknowledged.
The use of affordable sensors and components may compromise the accuracy and precision of
the system, leading to potential margin of error in humidity and temperature readings.
Furthermore, the feature set of the system will be limited, with advanced functionalities such as
remote monitoring or smartphone integration omitted. Additionally, the absence of an alarm
when the water level dropped too low which means, users will rely solely on visual monitoring
potentially leading to operational interruptions. Despite these limitations, the project will aim to
deliver a functional and demonstrable project that meets the basic requirements of automated
humidity control within the specified constraints.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The project shows significance to multiple domains including:
 Homes – improves comforts by maintaining optimal indoor humidity level, reducing the
risk of dry air related discomforts. Also helps to alleviate respiratory issues, reduce the
transmission of airborne viruses, and improve overall respiratory health.
 Greenhouses – creates an optimal growing environment for plants by regulating humidity
levels, which is crucial for seed germination, transpiration, and nutrient absorption. Also
ensures uniform plant growth and reduce the risk of crop damage due to moisture-related
issues, contributing to higher-quality produce and increased profitability for greenhouse
operators.
 Storage facilities - helps maintain stable humidity levels in storage facilities, preventing
moisture-related damage to sensitive materials such as paper documents, wooden
furniture, leather goods, and electronic devices.
 For future researchers - serves as a foundation for future research in the field of
automated environmental control systems, encouraging the development of innovative
solutions to address emerging challenges in indoor air quality management.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
 LCD - stands for Liquid Crystal Display. It's a panel display technology commonly used
in electronic devices such as TVs, computer monitors, and smartphones.
 LED - stands for Light Emitting Diode. LEDs are semiconductor devices that emit light
when an electric current passes through them. They are used for various purposes,
including indicator lights, display backlighting, and general lighting.
 Arduino Nano - is a small, versatile microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
microcontroller chip. It is part of the Arduino family of open-source hardware and
software platforms, designed for hobbyists, makers, and professionals to create
interactive projects and prototypes.
2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Automatic Room Humidifier and Dehumidifier Controller using Arduino Uno

This study focuses on developing an automated humidifier and dehumidifier controller to
users regulate indoor humidity levels effectively. By employing a humidity sensor, this system
offers the convenience of maintaining optimal humidity levels in their environment. This
automation not only enhances comfort but also tackles issues such as musty odors, dust
reduction, and mold prevention. Using an Arduino Uno controller, the system continuously
monitors the room's humidity and activates either the humidifier or dehumidifier accordingly.
Through thorough testing, the study ensures that the system adjusts efficiently to varying room
sizes and weather conditions, providing a solution for improved air quality and comfort at home.
Temperature and Humidity Control System Model using Arduino Nano
The aim of this research is to get a model of room temperature and humidity control
system using web-based Arduino nano using temperature and humidity sensors (DHT11 sensor)
to measure temperature and humidity in a room. Buzzer will work when the temperature is above
30 degrees, the led is used to indicate conditions, the green led for temperatures below 30
degrees and the red led for temperatures above 30 degrees. The fan is installed in the room and
will work (on) if the temperature is above 30 degrees. To display web-based data, NodeMCU
ESP8266 v.3 is used which can send sensor data to the web.
Low-Cost Approach to an Instream Water Depth Sensor Construction Using Differential Pressure
Sensors and Arduino Microcontrollers
This study showcases the development and testing of a low-cost, do-it-yourself water
depth sensor using an Arduino microcontroller. By pairing the Arduino with a differential
pressure sensor and a thermistor, researchers aimed to address the challenges of expensive
monitoring networks in hydrological data collection. Deployed alongside a commercial
Solinst®LevelLogger® 5 Junior for six months in the River Wissey, UK, the Arduino-based
sensor demonstrated promising accuracy, with a mean absolute error of ±0.69 cm for water depth
and ±0.415°C for water temperature compared to the industrial setup. Economically, the
Arduino-based solution significantly outperformed the commercial counterpart, costing £133.35
(USD 168.26) versus £408 (USD 514.83). This highlights the potential of Arduino-based
solutions in hydrological monitoring projects, offering a cost-effective alternative without
compromising on data quality if acceptable trade-offs in time investment and accuracy are
considered.
Study and Development of Temperature and Humidity Controller for Spreat Culti
This research focuses on developing a temperature and relative humidity control system
for growing sprouts, aiming to automate the environmental conditions crucial for their growth.
By utilizing temperature and humidity sensors, alongside components like an ultrasonic
humidifier and fans, the system ensures optimal conditions for sprout cultivation. Experimental
results indicate that temperatures between 26-30 degrees Celsius and relative humidities of 90-
95% are ideal for sprout growth. By comparing with conventional methods, the system reduced
growing time by 37% and water usage by 50 times while maintaining consistent growth. This
demonstrates the effectiveness of using temperature and humidity sensors in automating sprout
cultivation, providing controlled conditions essential for successful production.
Smart solution for low humidity problems using automatic ultrasonic humidifier (AUH)
This study presents a microcontroller-based system designed to address low humidity
issues, particularly prevalent in winter regions, by developing an automatic ultrasonic Humidifier
(AUH). The system utilizes a wireless sensor to measure room humidity and temperature,
activating the humidifier when humidity falls below a predetermined comfort level. The AUH,
based on vaporizing ultrasound, efficiently adjusts moisture levels to ensure comfort and mitigate
discomfort caused by low humidity. Tested in Khulna, Bangladesh, the system effectively
activates the humidifier when humidity dips below the comfort threshold, providing reliable
humidity control. This highlights the AUH's role in maintaining optimal humidity levels, offering
comfort and addressing environmental factors that impact well-being.
IoT based Temperature and Humidity Controlling using Arduino and Raspberry Pi
This study explores the integration of Arduino in temperature and humidity control within
the Internet of Things (IoT) framework. By leveraging IoT technology, vital parameters like
temperature and humidity are meticulously monitored using sensors, generating valuable data for
electronic device functionality. This data is transmitted to the cloud for access by applications
and additional processes, enabling remote control of cooling, heating devices, and long-term
statistical analysis. The system employs Arduino UNO in conjunction with Raspberry Pi, HTU
211D sensor, and an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. Experimental results demonstrate real-time
temperature and humidity monitoring, as well as soil moisture detection for plant care. Arduino
UNO collaborates with Raspberry Pi to manage sensor data, while the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module
facilitates cloud-based data storage. This synthesis underscores Arduino's pivotal role in IoT-
based temperature and humidity control, enabling efficient monitoring and remote management
of environmental conditions.
ArduHydro: a low-cost device for water level measurement and monitoring
This paper introduces ArduHydro (AH), a cost-effective device tailored for water level
measurement and monitoring in both controlled and outdoor settings. AH utilizes an ultrasonic
sensor to gauge water levels, with signal processing managed by an Arduino microcontroller. Its
compact size, durability, and accuracy render AH versatile for various water control and
management applications. The article details AH's design, components, costs, and performance,
including a laboratory evaluation conducted in an open-channel flume. Results from comparing
AH measurements with those of a traditional ultrasonic sensor demonstrate AH's consistency
across different flow conditions. Additionally, the paper showcases AH's application in
monitoring wavefront evolution during surface irrigation of a maize crop, providing valuable
spatiotemporal insights into water depth dynamics. This synthesis underscores Arduino's role in
facilitating the creation and monitoring of water depth levels, enabling cost-effective and reliable
solutions for water management in diverse environments.
Measurement of Temperature and Humidity by using Arduino Tool and DHT11
This paper highlights the critical need for monitoring temperature and humidity in
various Indian industries, including biomedical, agricultural, and pharmaceutical sectors. These
industries rely heavily on controlled environmental conditions to ensure optimal productivity and
quality. Any deviations from set parameters can lead to significant financial losses. Temperature
and humidity monitoring is especially crucial in pharmaceutical and agricultural settings for
preserving product integrity and maximizing yield. Similarly, in biomedical and healthcare
sectors, maintaining controlled environments is vital for patient well-being and the success of
medical procedures. To address these needs, the paper proposes the use of Arduino and DHT11
sensor technology to accurately measure temperature and humidity levels. By leveraging these
tools, industries can effectively balance environmental conditions, thereby enhancing
productivity and ensuring consistent quality output.
Investigation on application of ultrasonic humidifier for air conditioning system
In recent years, ultrasonic humidifiers have gained popularity in air conditioning systems
due to their efficient technology. These humidifiers utilize high-frequency surface vibration
below a water layer created by a piezoelectric transducer to atomize water, producing a fine mist.
The application of this mist in air conditioning systems necessitates an understanding of its
impact on relative humidity and dry air temperature. To investigate this, a testing model and
simulation of the ultrasonic humidifier were developed. The testing model examines various inlet
parameters such as air temperature, humidity, water temperature, and velocity to understand their
influence on outlet parameters, particularly the regenerative performance of the humidifier.
Through this investigation, it was found that an effective humidification process requires specific
parameters, such as a 0.0186 kg/s air mass flow rate and a water layer thickness of about 3.5 to
4.5 cm. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing the design and application of
ultrasonic humidifiers in air conditioning systems.
Automatic Fan Speed Control using Temperature and Humidity Sensor and Arduino
The study aims to enhance user comfort by autonomously controlling fan speed using
temperature, humidity, and Arduino sensors. By leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) principles,
the project proposes a simple yet effective method for automatically adjusting fan speed based on
environmental conditions. The DHT11 sensor is employed to monitor temperature and humidity
levels, with fan speed modulated accordingly to ensure optimal comfort. This system streamlines
operations by powering the DHT11 sensor, Arduino, and LCD display through the same fan
connection, minimizing battery consumption. Fan speed adjustments cater to different activity
levels, with higher speeds suitable for activities requiring less body movement, such as sitting or
sleeping. Utilizing Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controlled by Arduino code, the system
offers efficient processing and ease of implementation. While requiring careful setup and
external components for programming, the proposed system presents a practical solution for
automated fan speed control, enhancing user comfort and convenience.
Digital Garden System Using Arduino
This study focuses on leveraging temperature and humidity sensors to enhance the quality
of agricultural products, specifically lettuce and strawberries, in controlled environments. By
employing an Arduino microcontroller and Hydroponics technique, a closed cubicle with
artificial environmental components like LED grow lights, a compressor, air pump, and
humidifier was developed to create an optimal growth environment. The temperature sensor
activates the cooling system as needed, ensuring ideal conditions for plant growth. Additionally,
an online monitoring application was designed to display humidity and temperature readings
using a DHT sensor, adjust light intensity with an AC light dimmer, and stream local video
footage via RTSP connection. The inclusion of a WiFi module enables data transmission and
reception over the internet, facilitating remote monitoring and management. Furthermore, a web-
based monitoring application was developed to store and filter data from the DHT sensor,
enhancing data analysis and decision-making processes. Through comprehensive testing, the
digital garden system has demonstrated its ability to produce healthy lettuce and strawberries
consistently in a stable environment, showcasing the potential of temperature and humidity
sensors in optimizing agricultural production.
Development of a low-cost automatic water level monitoring system
This research focuses on designing an accurate water level monitoring using Arduino
technology. Water depth level sensors play a pivotal role in various water sources such as dams,
water tanks, and bore-wells, crucial for agricultural management and infrastructure maintenance.
The development of a low-cost automatic water level monitoring system (WLMS) utilizes
Arduino boards and ultrasonic sensors to accurately measure water levels in real-time. By
processing analog signals from the ultrasonic sensor into digital distance values, the Arduino-
based system provides precise monitoring of water levels. This innovative approach enables
efficient data collection and analysis, enhancing decision-making processes in water resource
management.
Design of river height and speed monitoring system by using Arduino
Utilizing Arduino as the control center, the study aims to design a water depth level
sensor to monitor river height and water velocity. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused
on monitoring air pollution or water quality, this research fills a gap by addressing the need for
real-time monitoring of river conditions to detect potential flooding. Through testing, it was
found that the system, equipped with an HC-SR04 sensor, achieved an average accuracy of
approximately 96.6% in measuring water levels. However, challenges arose during
implementation in the river flow, including errors caused by floating objects obstructing the
ultrasonic sensor. Despite these challenges, the use of Arduino technology in developing the
water depth level sensor demonstrates promising potential for enhancing river monitoring
capabilities and improving disaster preparedness efforts.
Design of Monitoring System Temperature And Humidity Using DHT22 Sensor and NRF24L01
Based on Arduino
This research focuses on designing a monitoring system based on Arduino technology to
track temperature and humidity levels in a given area. The system consists of two nodes: the base
node and the client node. At the base node, Arduino Uno and the wireless communication
module nRF24L01 are utilized for reliable data transmission. Through testing, it was
demonstrated that the NRF24L01 module effectively communicates data within a range of ±800
meters. Additionally, the system incorporates a buzzer that activates when temperature exceeds
32℃ or humidity surpasses 65%, providing real-time alerts for unfavorable conditions. The
sensor network system functions effectively, with minimal error rates observed in temperature
and humidity measurements collected from the DHT22 sensor. This synthesis underscores the
successful integration of Arduino-based hardware and sensor technology to develop a robust
monitoring system capable of accurately tracking environmental conditions and providing timely
alerts.
Automatic Temperature Control System Using Arduino
This research highlights the use of Arduino Uno in implementing an automatic
temperature control system, a crucial application in modern gadgets and smart homes.
Leveraging the Arduino Uno-based microcontroller system, temperature monitoring and control
are achieved efficiently. The hardware setup includes the LM35 temperature sensor interfaced
with Arduino Uno, allowing temperature readings to be displayed on an LCD display. By
utilizing pulse width modulation (PWM) through the analog pin A1, the system ensures accurate
temperature control within the room. This innovative approach represents a novel attempt at
designing an automatic temperature control system, demonstrating the versatility and
effectiveness of Arduino technology in real-world applications.
Piezoelectric atomizer in aeroponic systems: A study of some fluid properties and optimization
of operational parameters
This study focuses on exploring the application of the piezoelectric atomizer in aeroponic
systems, specifically investigating the impact of various independent variables on misting rate.
Four key variables including Dosage of Chemical Fertilizer (DCF), Height of Solution above
Piezoelectric Ceramic (HSPC), Piezoelectric Location at the Bottom of the Container (PLBC),
and Container Geometry (CG) were examined. Physical properties such as fluid density,
viscosity, surface tension, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Electrical Conductivity (EC) were
measured to optimize misting rate. Results indicated significant effects of HSPC, PLBC, and CG
on misting rate, with DCF, HSPC, and CG also influencing surface evaporation. The study
provided valuable insights into the operational parameters affecting ultrasonic mist production in
aeroponic systems. For future research, investigation into voltage, frequency, and horn utilization
is recommended, along with exploration of similar applications in gas-phase bioreactors.
Arduino Nano
The Arduino Nano is a compact microcontroller board based on the ATmega168 or
ATmega328 chip. It's similar to the Arduino Duemilanove but smaller, lacking a DC power jack
and using a Mini-B USB cable instead. Key specs include 14 digital I/O pins, 8 analog input
pins, and 5V operating voltage. It can be powered via USB or external power supply. With
UART TTL serial, I2C, and SPI communication, it's versatile for various projects. It's
programmable using the Arduino software, making it ideal for both beginners and advanced
users.
Arduino Based Auto Monitoring and Controlling System with GSM Module Integration for the
Optimal Growth of Mushroom
This research project focused on developing an Arduino-based automated monitoring and
control system with GSM module integration for optimal mushroom growth (Pleurotus djamor)
in a greenhouse environment. The system monitored environmental conditions, displayed real-
time data, and remotely transmitted information to researchers. Integration of the GSM module
allowed remote communication with the microcontroller, enabling adjustments to environmental
parameters. Laboratory trials confirmed the system's effectiveness, showing that mushrooms
grown in the greenhouse system achieved optimal growth compared to conventional methods.
Monitoring the Environmental Temperature Using Arduino and Telegram
The research aimed to utilize Arduino technology to measure ambient temperature and
provide environmental temperature information via telegram. Analyses, including needs analysis
and functionality analysis, were conducted, followed by hardware and software implementations.
Various tests were carried out on components such as the DHT11 sensor, LED lights, LCD i2c,
Ethernet Shield, and Telegram integration. Integration testing on the LCD revealed temperature
indications: green LED ON for temperatures below or equal to 25˚C (indicating cold) and red
LED ON for temperatures equal to or above 30˚C (indicating hot). Comparisons between digital
and analog sensors showed close temperature values. Results indicated the system recorded
temperatures ranging from 23˚C to 34˚C daily. Overall, the study demonstrated the effectiveness
of Arduino-based tools in monitoring and providing temperature information.
IoT based Humidity, Temperature and Gas Monitoring using Arduino Uno
The study focuses on leveraging Arduino technology for IoT applications, particularly in
monitoring and controlling electronic devices through network connectivity. Important
parameters are observed and analyzed to generate valuable data, which informs the functioning
of these devices. Environmental observations yield data used for actions such as regulating
heating or cooling systems and generating long-term statistics. Arduino UNO and a Wi-Fi
module are utilized in the study to process and transmit sensed data to the ThingSpeak cloud
platform. This cloud-based approach allows for the storage and updating of environmental data,
facilitating real-time monitoring and analysis of changes in the environment through cloud
computing methods.
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS

3.1 METHODOLOGY
3.1.2 RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design for this project combines two main approaches: technological and
experimental.
The technological aspect involves creating the automated humidifier system itself, including
choosing components and putting them together to make a working prototype. This addresses the
practical need for controlling indoor humidity using sensors and microcontrollers.
Meanwhile, the experimental side conducts tests to see how well the system works. By
comparing it to manual methods or other humidifiers in different situations, we can confirm if
the prototype is reliable and effective. This dual approach ensures that we thoroughly develop
and check the automated humidifier system, moving forward in indoor environmental control.

3.1.3 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

WATER
ATOMIZATION
DHT11 SENSOR DISC
ARDUINO
FAN CONTROL
WATER LEVEL NANO
INDICATOR
LCD

12V DC
 The device’s system will be composed of DHT11 sensor and water level sensor as inputs,
and water atomization disc, LCD, and the fan’s control as the outputs. The DHT11 sensor will
measure both humidity and temperature, and the water level sensor monitors the water level of
the reservoir, these sensors then provides real-time data to the Arduino Nano. At the heart of the
system is an Arduino Nano microcontroller, which acts as the central processing units which
handles the data collection and processing. When the humidity drops to a certain threshold, the
microcontroller controls the fan to help distribute the mist. An LCD display connected to the
Arduino Nano provides continuous feedback by showing the humidity, temperature, and the
water level, allowing users to monitor the system’s status.

3.1.3 SYSTEM FLOWCHART

START

CHECK HUMIDITY, TEMPERATURE, WATER

LEVEL

DISPLAY HUMIDITY, TEMPERATURE, WATER

LEVEL

IS IS
HUMIDITY=PREDEFINED WATER LEVEL=EMPTY
HUMIDITY
NO YES YES NO

END

STARTS MISTMAKER AND FAN

 The system starts by checking the humidity, temperature, and the water level. After that,
the data will be displayed on the LCD, then the data will be compared to the predefined humidity
and water level, if the humidity is equal to the predefined humidity, the mist maker won’t be
activated, same with when the water level is equal to “empty”. Meanwhile, when the humidity is
less than the predefined humidity the mist maker will be activated. The system will then loop
back to monitoring the data and acts accordingly to the set conditions.

3.1.4 SCHEMATC DIAGRAM

To connect an Arduino Nano with an LCD, a DHT11 sensor, a water atomization disc
with its circuit board, and a 12V DC fan, you need to carefully manage the power and control
signals. Begin by connecting the Vin pin of the Arduino Nano to a 12V power supply, and the
GND pin to the ground of the power supply. The 5V pin on the Arduino Nano should power both
the LCD (via its I2C module) and the DHT11 sensor, with their respective GND pins connected
to the Arduino's GND. The SDA and SCL pins of the LCD connect to A4 and A5 on the Arduino,
respectively. The DHT11 sensor's data pin connects to digital pin D2 on the Arduino. For the
water atomization disc, connect its VCC to the 12V power supply and its GND to the common
ground. The control signal (SIG) from the atomization circuit board should connect to digital pin
D3 on the Arduino. The 12V DC fan is powered directly from the 12V supply but controlled
through a MOSFET or relay module, which in turn is controlled by digital pin D4 on the
Arduino. Ensure to use a flyback diode across the fan terminals if using a relay to protect against
back EMF. This configuration allows the Arduino Nano to manage the LCD display, read
temperature and humidity from the DHT11 sensor, and control the water atomization disc and
fan efficiently.
MATERIALS FIGURES DESCRIPTION
ARDUINO NANO A compact
microcontroller board
based on the
ATmega328P, ideal for
space-constrained projects
with 14 digital I/O pins, 8
analog inputs, and USB
connectivity.
LCD A display technology that
uses liquid crystals and a
backlight, providing clear
and sharp images.
Commonly used in digital
devices and available in
various sizes and formats.
FAN A 12-volt direct current
fan used for cooling
electronic devices.
Efficient, quiet, and often
controlled via PWM for
variable speeds.

DHT11 SENSOR A low-cost digital sensor

for measuring
temperature and humidity
with a range of 20-90%
RH and 0-50°C. Outputs a
digital signal.
HUMIDIFIER A component in ultrasonic
ATOMIZATION DISC humidifiers that uses
ultrasonic vibrations to
create fine water mist.

ATOMIZATION PLATE An electronic module that

CIRCUIT BOARD drives the atomization
disc in humidifiers,
controlling ultrasonic
vibrations for mist
generation.