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Java Math Class

Last Updated : 11 Mar, 2024
Java.lang.Math Class methods help to perform numeric operations like
square, square root, cube, cube root, exponential and trigonometric
operations.

Declaration

public final class Math

extends Object

Methods of Math Class in Java

Math class consists of methods that can perform mathematical operations
and can make long calculations a bit easier. Let us check the method
provided in the Math class.

Method Description

sin Returns the trigonometric value of the sine of an angle.

cos Returns the trigonometric value of the cosine of an angle.

tan Returns the trigonometric value of the tangent of an angle.

asin Returns the trigonometric value of the arc sine of an angle.

Returns the trigonometric value of the arc cosine of an

acos
angle.

Returns the trigonometric value of the arc tangent of an

atan
angle.

toRadians Convert value in degrees to value in radians

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toDegrees Convert value in radians to value in degrees
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Method Description

Returns Euler’s number e raised to the power of a double

exp
value

log Returns the natural logarithm (base e) of a double value

log10 Returns the base 10 logarithms of a double value

Returns the correct rounded positive square root of a

sqrt
double value

cbrt Returns the cube root of a double value

Computes the remainder operation on two arguments as

IEEEremainder
instructed by the IEEE 754 standard.

Returns the smallest double value that is greater than or

ceil
equal to the argument. It is a fixed mathematical integer

Returns the smallest double value that is less than or equal

floor
to the argument. It is a fixed mathematical integer.

Returns the double value that is closest in value to the

rint
argument and is equal to a mathematical integer

Returns the angle theta from the conversion of rectangular

atan2
coordinates (x, y) to polar coordinates (r, theta)

pow Returns(pow(a,b)) the value of ab.

Returns the closest int to the argument, with ties rounding

round
to positive infinity

Returns a double value with a positive sign, in the range

random
[0.0, 1.0].

Returns the sum of its arguments, throwing an exception if

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Method Description

Returns the difference of its arguments, throwing an

subtractExact
exception if the result overflows a value.

Returns the product of the arguments, throwing an

multiplyExact
exception if the result overflows a value.

Returns the argument value incremented by 1 and throws

incrementExact
an exception if the value overflows.

Returns the argument value decremented by 1 and throws

decrementExact
an exception if the value overflows.

Returns the negation of the argument and throws an

negateExact
exception if the value overflows.

Returns the value of the long argument and throws an

toIntExact
exception if the int overflows.

Returns the largest (closest to positive infinity) long value

floorDiv
that is less than or equal to the algebraic quotient

floorMod Returns the floor modulus of the arguments

abs Return the absolute value

max Returns the maximum out of the two arguments

min Returns the minimum out of the two arguments

ulp Returns the size of an ulp of the argument.

Returns value 0,1 and -1 depending upon if the argument is

signum
equal, greater, or less than zero respectively.

sinh Returns the hyperbolic sine of the value.

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Method Description

tanh Returns the hyperbolic sine of the value.

hypot Returns the hyperbolic tangent of the value.

expm1 Returns ex-1

Returns the natural logarithm of the sum of the argument

log1p
and 1

Returns the first value argument with the sign of the second
copySign
value argument

Returns the unbiased exponent used in the representation

getExponent
of a value

Returns the floating-point number adjacent to the first

nextAfter
argument in the direction of the second argument.

Returns the floating-point value adjacent to d in the

nextUp
direction of positive infinity.

Returns the floating-point value adjacent to d in the

nextDown
direction of negative infinity.

Returns f × 2scaleFactor rounded as if performed by a

scalb single correctly rounded floating-point multiplied to a
member of the value set.

Example of the Java Math Class

Java

// Java Program to demonstrate the

// Use of Math Class
public class MathLibraryExample {
public static void main(String[] args)
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int i =that
7;you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy
int j = -9; Policy

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double x = 72.3;
double y = 0.34;

System.out.println("i is " + i);

System.out.println("j is " + j);

// The absolute value of a number is equal to the

// number if the number is positive or zero and
// equal to the negative of the number if the number
// is negative.

System.out.println("|" + i + "| is " + Math.abs(i));

System.out.println("|" + y + "| is " + Math.abs(y));

// Truncating and Rounding functions

// You can round off a floating point number to the
// nearest integer with round()
System.out.println(x + " is approximately "
+ Math.round(x));
System.out.println(y + " is approximately "
+ Math.round(y));

// The "ceiling" of a number is the smallest integer

// greater than or equal to the number. Every
// integer is its own //ceiling.
System.out.println("The ceiling of " + x + " is "
+ Math.ceil(x));
System.out.println("The ceiling of " + y + " is "
+ Math.ceil(y));

// The "floor" of a number is the largest integer

// less than or equal to the number. Every integer
// is its own floor.
System.out.println("The floor of " + x + " is "
+ Math.floor(x));
System.out.println("The floor of " + y + " is "
+ Math.floor(y));

// Comparison operators

// min() returns the smaller of the two arguments

// you pass it
System.out.println("min(" + i + "," + j + ") is "
+ Math.min(i, j));
System.out.println("min(" + x + "," + y + ") is "
+ Math.min(x, y));

// There's a corresponding max() method

// that returns the larger of two numbers
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Math.max(i, j));
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System.out.println("max(" + x + "," + y + ") is "
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+ Math.max(x, y));
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// The Math library defines a couple of useful

// constants:
System.out.println("Pi is " + Math.PI);
System.out.println("e is " + Math.E);

// Trigonometric methods. All arguments are given in

// radians
// Convert a 45 degree angle to radians
double angle = 45.0 * 2.0 * Math.PI / 360.0;
System.out.println("cos(" + angle + ") is "
+ Math.cos(angle));
System.out.println("sin(" + angle + ") is "
+ Math.sin(angle));

// Inverse Trigonometric methods. All values are

// returned as radians

double value = 0.707;

System.out.println("acos(" + value + ") is "

+ Math.acos(value));
System.out.println("asin(" + value + ") is "
+ Math.asin(value));
System.out.println("atan(" + value + ") is "
+ Math.atan(value));

// Exponential and Logarithmic Methods

// exp(a) returns e (2.71828...) raised

// to the power of a.
System.out.println("exp(1.0) is " + Math.exp(1.0));
System.out.println("exp(10.0) is "
+ Math.exp(10.0));
System.out.println("exp(0.0) is " + Math.exp(0.0));

// log(a) returns the natural

// logarithm (base e) of a.
System.out.println("log(1.0) is " + Math.log(1.0));
System.out.println("log(10.0) is "
+ Math.log(10.0));
System.out.println("log(Math.E) is "
+ Math.log(Math.E));

// pow(x, y) returns the x raised

// to the yth power.
System.out.println("pow(2.0, 2.0) is "
+ Math.pow(2.0, 2.0));
System.out.println("pow(10.0, 3.5) is "
+ Math.pow(10.0, 3.5));
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+ Math.pow(8, -1));
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// sqrt(x) returns the square root of x.

for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
System.out.println("The square root of " + i
+ " is " + Math.sqrt(i));
}

// Finally there's one Random method

// that returns a pseudo-random number
// between 0.0 and 1.0;

System.out.println("Here's one random number: "

+ Math.random());
}
}

Output

i is 7j is -9
|7| is 7
|0.34| is 0.34
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72.3 is approximately 72
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0.34 is approximately 0Policy

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The ceiling of 72.3 is 73.0

The ceiling of 0.34 is 1.0
The floor of 72.3 is 72.0
The floor of 0.34 is 0.0min(7,-9) is -9
min(72.3,0.34) is 0.34
max(7,-9) is 7
max(72.3,0.34) is 72.3
Pi is 3.141592653589793
e is 2.718281828459045
cos(0.7853981633974483) is 0.7071067811865476
sin(0.7853981633974483) is 0.7071067811865475
acos(0.707) is 0.7855491633997437
asin(0.707) is 0.785247163395153
atan(0.707) is 0.6154085176292563
exp(1.0) is 2.718281828459045
exp(10.0) is 22026.465794806718
exp(0.0) is 1.0
log(1.0) is 0.0
log(10.0) is 2.302585092994046
log(Math.E) is 1.0
pow(2.0, 2.0) is 4.0

NaN’s argument: A constant holding a Not-a-Number (NaN) value of

type double. It is equivalent to the value returned by
Double.longBitsToDouble(0x7ff8000000000000L).

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