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Dealing With Deadlock

The document discusses different strategies for dealing with deadlocks, including deadlock prevention, avoidance, detection, and recovery. It also provides examples of an assignment where students would simulate a deadlock scenario, detect the deadlock, and implement strategies to resolve it.

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MadinaAbdresheva
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32 views3 pages

Dealing With Deadlock

The document discusses different strategies for dealing with deadlocks, including deadlock prevention, avoidance, detection, and recovery. It also provides examples of an assignment where students would simulate a deadlock scenario, detect the deadlock, and implement strategies to resolve it.

Uploaded by

MadinaAbdresheva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dealing with deadlock

The term "dealing with deadlock" refers to the methods used to address the problem of deadlock
in information technology, particularly in the fields of multi-threading programming and
database management. A deadlock occurs when two or more processes or threads are each
waiting for the other to release a resource, or more generally, waiting for some condition to be
met, and thus none of them can proceed. "Dealing with deadlock" involves techniques and
strategies such as deadlock prevention, deadlock avoidance, deadlock detection, and deadlock
recovery to manage or eliminate deadlocks.
Certainly! Let's dive deeper into some specific strategies used in dealing with deadlocks:

1. Deadlock Prevention: This strategy involves designing a system in such a way that the
possibility of deadlock is eliminated. It can be achieved by enforcing certain conditions that must
hold to prevent the system from entering a deadlock state. Common conditions include:
- Mutual Exclusion: Ensure that resources are structured in a way that they do not require
exclusive access, if possible.
- Hold and Wait: Modify the system so that a process must request all required resources at one
time, before starting its execution, to avoid holding onto one while waiting for others.
- No Preemption: Resources are preassigned in a manner that once a process holds them, they
cannot be preempted until they are used and released by the process.
- Circular Wait: Establish a linear ordering of resource types and require that each process
requests resources in an increasing order of enumeration.

2. Deadlock Avoidance: Unlike prevention, which can be too strict and limit resource
utilization, avoidance strategies allow more flexibility but require more information about how
resources are to be requested. The most famous method for deadlock avoidance is the Banker’s
Algorithm, which dynamically checks the allocation state to ensure that it never enters an unsafe
state.

3. Deadlock Detection: In environments where deadlocks are allowed to occur, mechanisms are
implemented to detect them when they happen. This usually involves maintaining a graph of
resource allocation and process states, and running a cycle detection algorithm to determine if a
deadlock has occurred. Once a deadlock is detected, it can be resolved.

4. Deadlock Recovery: After detecting a deadlock, the system must recover from this state.
Recovery might involve one or more of the following:
- Process Termination: Killing the involved processes, either all at once or one at a time until
the deadlock is resolved.
- Resource Preemption: Temporarily taking resources away from one or more of the processes
involved in the deadlock and reallocating them to break the cycle.

Implementing these strategies requires careful consideration of the system’s needs and
characteristics. The choice of strategy often depends on the specific requirements and constraints
of the application, such as performance criteria, system throughput, response time, and the nature
of the tasks being performed.

Understanding and choosing the right approach to dealing with deadlocks is crucial in designing
systems that are both robust and efficient.
### Assignment: Simulate and Resolve a Deadlock

#### Objective:
To simulate a deadlock scenario in a controlled environment and then implement strategies to
detect and resolve the deadlock.

#### Tools and Languages:


- Programming Language: Choose Java, Python, C++, or any language you are comfortable with
that supports multithreading.
- Development Environment: Any IDE that supports your chosen programming language.

#### Tasks:

1. Design a Scenario:
- Create a simple system with at least three threads or processes.
- Include at least three resources (e.g., memory space, files, printers).
- Design the processes in such a way that they will enter a deadlock under specific conditions.

2. Implement the Scenario:


- Write the code to implement the threads/processes and resources.
- Ensure that each thread/process attempts to acquire multiple resources, and set the acquisition
in such a way that a deadlock can occur.

3. Detect the Deadlock:


- Implement a mechanism to detect when the system has entered a deadlock.
- This could be as simple as detecting cycles in resource allocation graphs or more complex
algorithms like the Banker's Algorithm.

4. Resolve the Deadlock:


- Implement a strategy to resolve the deadlock once detected. Choose from:
- Killing one or more threads/processes.
- Preempting resources from a thread/process.
- Add functionality to your code that safely resolves the deadlock and allows the system to
continue operating normally.

5. Document the Outcome:


- Document your observations on how the deadlock was created, detected, and resolved.
- Reflect on how the implemented strategies affected the overall system performance and
resource utilization.

6. Bonus:
- Modify the scenario to prevent the deadlock from occurring using one of the prevention
strategies discussed (e.g., ordering resource requests).
- Compare the preemptive and non-preemptive approaches in terms of system throughput and
response times.

#### Submission Requirements:


- Source code files.
- A detailed report including:
- Explanation of the implemented deadlock scenario.
- Description of the detection and resolution methods.
- Analysis of the system behavior before and after applying deadlock resolution strategies.
- (Optional) A comparison of deadlock prevention vs. deadlock resolution approaches.

#### Evaluation Criteria:


- Correctness and completeness of the scenario simulation.
- Efficiency and effectiveness of the deadlock detection and resolution mechanisms.
- Quality and clarity of the documentation and analysis.

This assignment will help you grasp the practical aspects of dealing with deadlocks in software
systems, enhancing your understanding of

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