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3 Assignment - Linux

The document discusses system initialization, message logging, and system tuning. It covers configuring systemd services and boot settings, logging messages to files and remote servers, and optimizing performance through tuning network, disk, and CPU resources.

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zenkaevaaiym
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6 views

3 Assignment - Linux

The document discusses system initialization, message logging, and system tuning. It covers configuring systemd services and boot settings, logging messages to files and remote servers, and optimizing performance through tuning network, disk, and CPU resources.

Uploaded by

zenkaevaaiym
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 12.

System Initialization, Message Logging, and System Tuning

System Initialization (init/systemd):


● Configure the default runlevel or target for system boot.

● Create a custom systemd service unit file for a specific application or task.
● Set up automatic login for a specific user at system startup.

● Configure the system to run a script or command at boot time using systemd.
Message Logging (syslog/rsyslog):
● Configure syslog/rsyslog to log messages to a remote server.

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● Filter and redirect specific log messages to separate log files.

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● Set up log rotation to manage log file sizes and ensure proper log file
maintenance.
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● Customize syslog/rsyslog settings to include or exclude specific log messages.


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System Tuning:
● Optimize network settings for better performance, such as adjusting TCP/IP stack
parameters.
● Adjust file system parameters for improved disk I/O performance, such as
adjusting the disk scheduler or file system mount options.
● Configure kernel parameters to optimize memory usage, process scheduling, or
other system behaviors.
● Monitor system performance using tools like top, vmstat, or sar, and make
appropriate tuning adjustments based on the observed metrics.
● Implement security-related tuning, such as hardening the system against various
types of attacks or vulnerabilities.

Kernel Module Management:


● Load/unload kernel modules manually.
● Configure kernel modules to load automatically at boot time.
● Blacklist kernel modules to prevent them from loading automatically.

Resource Management (CPU, Memory, I/O):


● Set CPU affinity for specific processes or groups of processes.
● Configure memory limits using cgroups or other mechanisms to control memory
usage by specific processes.
● Tune I/O scheduler settings to optimize disk I/O performance for different
workload types.

Network Tuning:
● Adjust network buffer sizes to optimize network performance.
● Configure TCP/IP stack parameters, such as TCP window size or congestion
control algorithms, to improve network throughput and latency.
● Implement Quality of Service (QoS) policies to prioritize network traffic for
critical applications or services.

Chapter 13. Basic Storage Partitioning

Identify the Disk:


Determine the disk you want to partition by using the lsblk or fdisk -l command.
Here I determined the disk for partition with both lsblik and disk -l commands

Select a Partitioning Tool:


Linux provides several partitioning tools, including fdisk, parted, and gdisk. Choose the one
you're comfortable with.

For Partitioning tool I used a fdisk partition tool.

Launch the Partitioning Tool:


Launch fdisk with the disk you want to partition.

Create Partitions (inside fdisk)

Here I used Fdisk tool for partition creation. Command «p» means to print disk description. Then goes
«n» command which creates partition. After I was asked which partition type will be used where p meant
primary and L logical. Also number of partition I used default 3 number.

Set Partition Types


In the same fdisk tool I put «t» command for partition type change. I didn’t want to change then I
change it from linux type to linux

Format Partitions:
Here I added partition to the desktop

Mount Partitions:
Finally, mount the formatted partitions to directories in the file system.
Here is creation of mount point «mkdir /mount/example» and mounting partition

Configure Automatic Mounting (Optional):


To ensure partitions are automatically mounted at boot, add entries to the /etc/fstab file. This file
contains information about partitions and their mount points.

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