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Lesson 7 - Configuring The GUI, Localization, and Printing - Part 1

This document discusses configuring graphical user interfaces, localization, and printing on Linux systems. It covers installing and configuring X11 and Wayland displays, accessibility settings, and using remote desktop software like VNC, RDP, NX, and SPICE.

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Linh Hà
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views

Lesson 7 - Configuring The GUI, Localization, and Printing - Part 1

This document discusses configuring graphical user interfaces, localization, and printing on Linux systems. It covers installing and configuring X11 and Wayland displays, accessibility settings, and using remote desktop software like VNC, RDP, NX, and SPICE.

Uploaded by

Linh Hà
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 7: Configuring the GUI,

Localization, and Printing

This document is created by Nguyen Hoang Chi [email protected] Page 1


Objectives covered

o 106.2 Graphical Desktop (weight: 1)


o 106.3 Accessibility (weight: 1)
o 106.1 Install and Configure X11 (weight: 2)
o 107.3 Localization and internationalization (weight: 3)
o 108.4 Manage printers and printing (weight: 2)

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Graphical Desktop

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Graphical User Interface (GUI) elements

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X.Org (X11) Architecture

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Wayland Architecture

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Standard GUI features
Features Description

Desktop settings programs that allow you to make configuration changes to the desktop environment.

Display Manager The desktop environment’s login screen

File Manager program allows you to perform file maintenance activities graphically

Icon picture representation of a file or program

Favourites bar This window area contains popular icons, which are typically used more frequently

Launch program allows you to search for applications and files

Menus contain lists of files and/or programs, as well as sublists of additional file and/or
program
Panels areas located at the very top or bottom of a desktop environment’s main window
often contain notifications, system date and/or time, program icons, and so on
System tray a special menu, commonly attached to a panel, provides access to programs that
allow users to log out, lock their screen, manage audio settings, view notifications,
shut down or reboot the system, and so on
Widgets programs that provide the user information or functionality on the desktop

Windows Manager programs control items such as the size and appearance of the windows

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Standard GUI features – Display manager

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Standard GUI features - GNOME

Menu

Icon System tray

Favourites Bar

Launch

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Standard GUI features – KDE Plasma

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Standard GUI features – Other Desktops

Mate
Cinnamon

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Time for labs

Execise 14: Installing GUI

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Accessibility

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Accessibility settings

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Visual impairment accessibility settings

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Hand and finger impairment accessibility settings

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Install and Configure X11

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Configure X11

Default configuration file: /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Common sections:

Error log file: ~/.xsession-errors


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Remote X11 connection

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Remote X11 via SSH tunneling

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Remote Desktop softwares
Software Description

VNC Virtual network computing (VNC) offers a GUI service at TCP port 5900 + n, where n
equals the display number, usually 1 (port 5901). On the command line you point the
VNC client (called a viewer) to the VNC server’s hostname and TCP port.
Alternatively, you can use the display number instead of the whole TCP port number.
Xrdp Xrdp is an alternative to VNC. It supports the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). Xrdp
provides only the server side of an RDP connection. It allows access from several RDP
client implementations, such as rdesktop, FreeFDP, and Microsoft Remote Desktop
Connection.
NX NX is another remote desktop sharing protocol. Its v3.5’s core technology was open
source and available under the GNU GPL2 license. Yet, when version 4 was released,
NX became proprietary and closed source. NX technology compresses the X11 data
so that there is less data to send over the net- work, which improves response times.
It also heavily employs caching data to provide an improved remote desktop
experience.
Spice Simple Protocol for Independent Computing Environments (SPICE) originally was a
closed source product of Qumranet. Red Hat purchased Qumranet in 2008 and made
SPICE open source. Spice delivers desktop experience speeds similar to a local
connection. Spice allows high-quality video streaming.

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Virtual network computing – VNC

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Question...!

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