Section A

(Multiple Choice Questions) Each question carries 1 mark

Question 1.
If A = [ciij] is a square matrix of order 2

Solution:

Question 2.
If A and B are invertible square matrices of the same order, then which of the following is not
correct?
(a) adj A = |A|.A-1
(b) det(A)-1 = [det(A)]-1
(c) (AB)-1 = B-1A-1
(d) (A + B)-1 = B-1 + A-1
Solution:
(d) (A + B)-1 = B-1 + A-1 is not true.

Question 3.
If the area of the triangle with vertices (-3, 0), (3, 0) and (0, k) is 9 sq units, then the value(s) of k
will be
(a) 9
(b) ± 3
(c) -9
(d) 6
Solution:
(b) Area of triangle with vertices
(x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3)
⇒ ±9=3k [given, area = 9sq, units]
⇒ k = ±3units

Question 4.

x = 0, then the value of k is

(a) -3
(b) 0
(c) 3
(d) any real number
Solution:
(a) Since, f(x) is continuous at x = 0
∴ LHL = RHL = f{0) = 3

⇒ k = -3

Question 5.
The lines r⃗ = i^+j^−k^ + λ(2i^+3j^–6k^) and r⃗ = 2i^–j^−k^ + µ(6i^+9j^–18k^), (where
λ and µ are scalars) are
(a) coincident
(b) skew
(c) intersecting
(d) parallel
Solution:
(d) Given lines are

where µ’ = 3µ
Here, the fixed points on the lines are different and the lines l1 and l2 are parallel to the
vector 2i^+3j^−6k^.
∴ The lines are parallel to each other.
Question 6.
The degree of the differential equation

(a) 4
(b) 32
(c) 2
(d) Not defined
Solution:

Question 7.
The corner points of the bounded feasible region determined by a system of linear constraints
are (0, 3), (1, 1) and (3, 0). Let Z = px + qy, where p, q >0. The condition on p and q, so that the
minimum of Z occurs at (3, 0) and (1, 1), is
(a) p = 2q
(b) p = q2
(c) p = 3q
(d) p = q
Solution:
(b) Given, objective function Z = px + qy
∵ The minimum occurs at two different point (3, 0) and (1, 1).
∴ p(3) + q(0) = p(1) + q(1)
⇒ 3p = p + q ⇒ p = q2
Question 8.
ABCD is a rhombus whose diagonals intersect at E.
Then, EA→+EB→+EC→+ED→ equals to
(a) 0⃗
(b) AD→
(c) 2BD→
(d) 2AD→
Solution:
(a) We know that diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other.

Question 9.
For any integer n, the value of ∫π0esin²x cos³(2n + 1)x dx is
(a) -1
(b) 0
(c) 1
(d) 2
Solution:

Question 10.
The value of |A|, if

is
(a) (2x + 1)²
(b) 0
(c) (2x +1)³
(d) None of these
Solution:

Question 11.
The feasible region corresponding to the linear constraints of a Linear Programming Problem is
given below.

Which of the following is not a constraint to the given Linear Programming Problem?
(a) x + y ≥ 2
(b) x + 2y ≤ 10
(c) x – y ≥ 1
(d) x – y ≤ 1
Solution:
(c) Since, (0, 2) does not satisfy the inequality x – y ≥ 1.
So, the half-plane represented by the above inequality will not contain (0, 2), Therefore, it will
not contain the shaded feasible region.

Question 12.
If a⃗ = 4i^+6j^ and b⃗ = 3j^+4k^, then the vector form of the component of a⃗ along b⃗ is
Solution:

Question 13.
Given that A is a square matrix of order 3 and |A| = -2, then |adj (2A)| is equal to
(a) -26
(b) 4
(c) -28
(d) 28
Solution:
(d) Given, |A| = -2
|adj (2A)| = |(2A)|3-1= |2A|² = (2³|A|)² [∵ |adj A| = |A|m-1]
= 26 |A|² = 26 × (-2)² = 28

Question 14.
A problem in Mathematics is given to three students whose chances of solving it
are 12,13,14 respectively. If the events of their solving the problem are independent, then the
probability that the problem will be solved, is
(a) 14
(b) 13
(c) 12
(d) 34
Solution:
(d) Let A, B and C be the respective events of solving the problem.
Then, P(A) = 12, P{B) = 13 and P(C) = 14
The problem will be solved if one or more of them can solve the problem.
The probability is

Question 15.
The general solution of the differential equation ydx – xdy = 0; (given x, y > 0), is of the form
(a) xy = c
(b) x = cy2²
(c) y =cx
(d) y = cx²
(where c is an arbitrary positive constant of integration)
Solution:
(c) ydx – xdy = 0 ⇒ ydx = xdy
⇒ ∫dxx = ∫dyy
In x + In C = ln y
Cx = y

Question 16.
The value of λ for which two vectors 2i^−j^+2k^ and 3i^ + λj^ + k^ are perpendicular, is
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8
Solution:

Question 17.
The set of all points, where the function f(x) = x + |x| is differentiable, is
(a) (0, ∞)
(b)(-∞, o)
(c) (-∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞)
(d) (-∞, ∞)
Solution:

LHD at x = 0 ≠ RHD at x = 0
∴ The function is not differentiable at x = 0.
For x ≥ 0, f(x) = 2x, which is a linear function, and when x < 0, f(x) = 0 which is a constant
function.
∴ f(x) is differentiable when x ∈ (- ∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞).

Question 18.
If the direction cosines of a line are <1c,1c,1c>
(a) 0 < c < 1 (b) c > 2
(c) c ± √2
(d) c = ± √3
Solution:

Assertion-Reason Based Questions

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

Question 19.
Let f(x) be a polynomial function of degree 6 such that
ddx[f(x)] = (x- 1)³ (x – 3)², then
Assertion (A) fix) has a minimum at x = 1.
Reason (R) When ddx [f(x)] < 0,
∀ x ∈ (a – h, a) and ddx[f(x)] > 0,
∀ x ∈ (a, a + h)’, where h is an infinitesimally small positive quantity, then f(x) has a minimum at
x = a, provided fix) is continuous at x- a.
Solution:
(a) Given, ddx [f(x)] = (x – 1)³(x – 3)²
On putting ddx f(x) = 0 ⇒ (x – 1)³ (x – 3)² = 0
∴ x = 1 and x = 3
∵ ddx [f(x)] < 0, ∀ x ∈ (1 – h, 1) and ddx [/(x)] > 0, ∀ x ∈ (1, 1 + h)
∴ f(x) has a minimum at x = 1
∴ Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Question 20.
Assertion (A) The relation
f : (1, 2, 3, 4} → {x, y, z, p} defined by f = {(1, x), (2, y), (3, z)} is a bijective function.
Reason (R) The function
f : (1, 2, 3} → {x, y, z, p} such that
f = {(1, x), (2, y), (3, z)} is one-one.
Solution:
(d) Given relation, f:{1,2, 3, 4} → {x, y, z, p}
and f = {(1, x), (2, y), (3, z)}
Since, 4 has no image under f, so relation f is not a function.
∴ Assertion is false.
Now, f: {1,2, 3} → {x, y, z, p}
and f = {(1, x), (2, y),(3,z)}
Since, every element {1,2, 3} has different image in {x, y, z, p} underf, so the given relation f is
one-one.
∴ Reason is true.

Section B
(This section comprises of very short answer type questions (VSA) of 2 marks each)
Question 21.
Find the value of sin-1[cos(33π5)]
Or
Find the domain of sin-1(x² – 4).
Solution:

Or
Let y = sin-1(x² – 4) ⇒ sin y = x² – 4
i.e. -1 ≤ x² – 4 ≤ 1 [∵ -1 ≤ sin y ≤ 1]
⇒ 3 ≤ x² ≤ 5
⇒ x ∈ [-√5, – √3] u [√3, √5]

Question 22.
Find the interval/s in which the function
f : R → R defined by f(x) = xex, is increasing.
Solution:
Given, f(x) = xex
On differentiating w.r.t, x, we get
f'(x) = xex + ex = ex(x + 1)
For f(x) to be increasing, we have
f'(x) = ex(x + 1) ≥ 0
⇒ x ≥ -1 as ex > 0, ∀ x ∈ R
Hence, the required interval, where f(x) increases is [-1, ∞)

Question 23.
If f(x) = 14x2+2x+1, x ∈ R, then find the maximum value of f(x).
Or
Find the maximum profit that a company can make, if the profit function is given by P(x) = 72
+42x – x², where x is the number of units and P is the profit in rupees.
Solution:
Or
Given, P(x) = 72 + 42x + x²
On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
P'(x) = 42 – 2x
For maximum profit, we put P’ (x) = 0
⇒ 42 – 2x = 0
⇒ x = 21
∴ The maximum value of P(x) is at x = 21
⇒ P(21) = 72+ 42(21) – 21²
= 72 + 882 – 441
= 513
Thus, the maximum profit is ₹ 513.
Question 24.
Evaluate ∫1−1loge(2−x2+x)
Solution:

Question 25.
Check whether the function f: R → R defined by f(x) = x³ + x, has any critical point/s or not? If
yes, then find the point/s.
Solution:
Given, f(x) = x³ +x, ∀ x ∈ R
On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
f'(x)= 3x² + 1
∵ x² > 0, ∀ x ∈ R
∴ f'(x) can never be zero or undefined, ∀ x ∈ R
⇒ f'(x) = 0
Hence, no critical point exists.

Section C
This section comprises of short answer type questions (SA) of 3 marks each

Question 26.
Evaluate 2x2+3x2(x2+9) dx, x ≠ 0.
Solution:

Question 27.
The random variable X has a probability distribution P(X) of the following form, where ‘k ‘is some
real number.

(i) Determine the value of k.

(ii) Find P(X < 2).
(iii) Find P(X > 2).
Solution:
(i) ∑ P(Xi) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2) + P(otherwise) = 1
⇒ k + 2k + 3k + 0 =
⇒ 6k = 1 ⇒ k = 16
(ii) P(X < 2) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) ⇒ k + 2k = 3k = 3(16) = 12
(iii) P(X > 2) = 0

Question 28.
Evaluate ∫x1−x3 dx , x ∈ (0, 1).
Or
Evaluate ∫π40log_e (1 + tan x)dx
Solution:

Or
Question 29.
Solve the differential equation

Or
Solve the differential equation
(cos² x)dydx + y = tan x; (0 ≤ x < 33π5)
Solution:
Given, differential equation is

On comparing with dydx + Py = Q, we get

P = sec² x, Q = (sec² x) tan x
Integrating Factor, IF = e∫Pdx
= e∫sec² x dx
= etan x
∴ Solution of the differential equation is
y × IF = ∫ (0 × IF)dx + C
y × etan x = ∫ (sec² x) tan x etan x dx + C
Let l1 = ∫ sec² x tan x etan xdx
Let tan x = t
On differentiating w.r.t. x,
sec² x = dtdx
⇒ sec² x dx = dt

Using integration by parts, we get

l1 = tet – et
= tan xetan x – etan x + C1
= etan x(tan x – 1) + C1
From Eq. (i),
y × etan x = etan x(tan x – 1) + C1
⇒ y = tan x – 1 + (C1 + C)e-tan x
Question 30.
Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically
Minimize Z = x + 2 y
subject to the constraints, x + 2 y ≥ 100
2x – y ≤ 0, 2x + y ≤ 200, x, y ≥ 0.
Or
Solve the following Linear Programming
Problem graphically
Maximize Z = – x + 2 y,
subject to the constraints, x ≥ 3, x + y ≥ 5, x + 2y ≥ 6, y ≥ 0.
Solution:
We have, minimize Z = x + 2y ……(i)
and constraints are x + 2y > 100 ……(ii)
2x – y ≤ 0 ……(iii)
2x + y ≤ 200 ……(iv)
x, y ≥ 0 ……(v)
The shaded region is the feasible region ABCD determined by the system of constraints (ii) to
(v), which is bounded.

The coordinates of comer points A, B, C and D are (0, 50), (0, 200), (50, 100) and (20, 40),
respectively.

Corner Point Corresponding value of Z = x + 2y

A(0, 50) Z = 0 + 2(50) = 100 (Minimum)

B(0, 200) Z = 0 + 2(200) = 400

C(50, 100) Z = 50+ 2(100) = 250

D(20, 40) Z = 20 + 2(40) = 100 (Minimum)

The minimum value of Z is 100 at all the points on the line segment joining the points (0, 50)
and (20, 40).
Or
We have, maximize Z = – x + 2y ….(i)
and the constraints x ≥ 3 ….(ii)
x + y ≥ 5 ….(iii)
x + 2y ≥ 6 ….(iv)
y ≥ 0 ….(v)
The shaded region is the feasible region determined by the system of constraints (ii) to (v) which
is unbounded.

The coordinates of corner points A, B and C are (3, 2) (4, 1) and (6, 0), respectively.

Corner Point Corresponding value of Z = -x + 2y

A( 3, 2) Z = -3 + 2(2) = 1

B(4, 1) Z = -4 + 2(1) = -2

C(6, 0) Z = -6 + 2(0) = -6

Here, Z = 1 may or may not be the maximum value.

Now, we draw the graph of the inequality – x + 2y > 1 and we check whether the resulting open
half-plane has any point in common with the feasible region or not.
Here, the resulting open half plane has points in common with the feasible region.
Hence, Z = 1 is not the maximum value.
∴ Z has no maximum value.

Question 31.
If (a + bx) ey/x = x, then prove that
xd2ydx2 = (xaa+bx)²
Solution:
Given, (a + bx) ey/x = x
⇒ ey/x = xa+bx
Taking loge both sides, we get

Section D
This section comprises of long answer type questions (LA) of 5 marks each

Question 32.
Make a rough sketch of the region
{(x, y):0 < y ≤ x² +1,
0 ≤ y ≤ x + 1, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2} and find the area of the region, using the method of integration.
Solution:

Question 33.
Let N be the set of all natural numbers and R be a relation on N × N defined by (a, b)R(c, d) ⇔
ad = be for all.
(a, b), (c, d) ∈ N × N. Show that R is an equivalence relation on N × N. Also, find the
equivalence class of (2, 6) i.e. [(2, 6)].
Or
Show that the function f : R-+ {x ∈ R: -1 < x < 1} defined by
f(x) = x1+|x|, x ∈ R is one-one and onto function.
Solution:
We know that a relation R is an equivalence relation if it is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
For reflexive
For any (a,b) ∈ N × N
ab = ba [∵ multiplication is commutative on N]
⇒ (a, b) R(a, b) [from definition of relation R on N × N]
Thus, R is reflexive.
For symmetric
Let (a, b), (c, d) be arbitrary elements of N × N
(a,b) R(c,d)
⇒ ad = be
⇒ bc = ad
⇒ cb = da [as a,b,c,d ∈ N and multiplication is commutative on N]
⇒ (c, d) R(a, b)
∴ R is symmetric.

For transitive
Let (a, b), (c, d), (e, f) be arbitrary elements of N × N such that (a, b) R(c, d) and (c, d) R(e, f).
Then, ad = bc and cf = de
⇒ (ad)(cf) = (bc)(de)
⇒ af = be
⇒ (a, b) R(e, f)
∴ R is transitive.
Hence, R is an equivalence relation.

Now, [(2, 6)] = {(x, y) ∈ N × N: (x, y) R(2, 6)}

⇒ 6x = 2y ⇒ 3x = y
∴ [(2, 6)] = {(x, y) ∈ N × N 3x = y}
= {(x, 3x): x ∈ N}
= {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9)…}
Or

⇒ x1 + x1x2 = x2 + x1x2 ⇒ x1 = x2
∴ f(x) is one-one.
Checking onto:
Let f(x) = y, such that y ∈ (-1, 1)
∴ y = x1+x
⇒ y + xy = x ⇒ x – xy = y
⇒ x(1 – y) = y ⇒ x = x1−y
∵ x is defined at ∀ y ∈ (-1, 1)
∴ f(x) is onto.
Case II When x < 0, we have
f(x) = x1−x
Checking one-one :
Let x1, x2 ∈ R
f(x1) = f(x2)
⇒ x11−x1=x21−x2
⇒ x1 – x2x1 = x2 – x2x1 ⇒ x1 = x2
∴ f(x) is one-one.
Checking onto
Let y = f(x) such that y ∈ (-1, 1)
⇒ y = x1−x ⇒ y – yx = x ⇒ x = x1+y
∴ ∀ y ∈ (-1, 1), x is defined.
∴ f(x) is onto.
Hence, f(x) is one-one and onto function.

Question 34.
Using the matrix method, solve the following system of linear equations.

Solution:
The given system of equations can be written in the form AX = B.

Question 35.
Find the coordinates of the image of the point (1, 6, 3) with respect to the
line r⃗ =(j^+2k^)+λ(i^+2j^+3k^), where λ. is a scalar. Also, find the distance of the image
from the F-axis.
Or
An aeroplane is flying along the line
r⃗ =λ(i^−j^+k^), where λ is a scalar and another aeroplane is flying along the line
r⃗ =i^−j^+μ(−2j^+k^), where µ is a scalar. At what points on the lines should they reach, so
that the distance between them is the shortest? Find the shortest possible distance between
them.
Solution:
Given, r⃗ =(j^+2k^)+λ(i^+2j^+3k^)
The coordinates of a general point on the given line are given by
x−01=y−12=z−23 = λ
where λ is some real number.

∴ x = λ, y = 2λ + 1, z = 3λ + 2
Let Q(1, 6, 3) be the given point and let P(x, y, z) be a point on the given line AB such that QP ⊥
AB.
Also, let R(x1, y1, z1) be the image of Q(1, 6, 3).
∴ The coordinates of P are (λ, 2λ + 1, 3λ + 2)
Direction ratios of QP are λ – 1, 2λ – 5, 3λ – 1
Direction ratios of given line are 1,2 and 3.
∴ (λ – 1)1 + (2λ – 5)2 + (3λ – 1)3 = 0 [∵ QP ⊥ AB]
⇒ λ – 1 + 4λ – 10 + 9λ – 3 = 0 ⇒ λ = 1
So, coordinates of P are (1, 3, 5). (1)
Now, since P is the mid-point of QR.
∴ (x1+12,y1+62,z1+32) = (1, 3, 5)
On comparing, we get
x1 = 1, y1 = 0 and z1 = 7
The coordinates of the image of the point (1,6, 3) ,w.r.t. the line AB = (1, 0, 7)
Now, the distance of the point (1, 0, 7) from Y-axis

Let AB be the shortest distance between the lines such that AS makes right angle with both the
lines.
Let the position vector of the point A lying on the line
r⃗ =λ(i^−j^+k^) ….(i)
and let the position vector of the point 6 lying on the line

⇒ 2 + 3µ – 3λ = 0 … (iii)
and 0(1 – λ) – 2(-1 – 2µ + λ) + 1(µ – λ) = 0
⇒ 2 + 5µ – 3λ = 0 … (iv)
From Eqs. (iii) and (iv),
2 + 3µ =2 + 5µ
⇒ 2µ =0
⇒µ=0
∴ λ = 23
So, the position vector of the points at which they should be so that the distance between them
is the shortest are

Section E
This section comprises of 3 case-study/passage-based questions of 4 marks each

Question 36.
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
In an office three employees James, Sophia and Oliver process incoming copies of a certain
form. James processes 50% of the forms, Sophia processes 20% and Oliver the remaining 30%
of the forms. James has an error rate of 0.06, Sophia has an error rate of 0.04 and Oliver has
an error rate of 0.03.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

(i) Find the probability that Sophia processed the form and committed an error.
(ii) Find the total probability of committing an error in processing the form.
(iii) The manager of the Company wants to do a quality check. During inspection, he selects a
form at random from the days output of processed form. If the form selected at random has an
error, then find the probability that the form is not processed by James.
Or
Let E be the event of committing an error in processing the form and let E1, E2 and E3 be the
events that James,
Sophia and Oliver processed the form.

Solution:
Let E1, E2 and E3 be the events that James, Sophia and Oliver processed the form, respectively.
Then, P(E1) = 50100=12, P(E2) = 20100=15
and P(E3) = 30100=310
Let E be the event of committing an error.
(i) Probability that Sophia processed the form and committed an error
= P(E ∩ E2)
= P(E2).P(E/E2)
= 15 × 0.04
= 0.008
(ii) The total probability of committing an error
= P(E) = P(E1) – P(E/E1) + P(E2)
P(E/E2) + P(E3) P(E/E3)
= 12 × 0.06 + 15 × 0.04 + 310 × 0.03
= 0.047
[∵ P(E/E1) = 0.06, P(E/E2) = 0.04, P(E/E3) = 0.03]
(iii) The probability that the form is processed by James given that the form has an error

The probability that the form is not processed by James given that the form has an error

Question 37.
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
Teams A, B, C went for playing a tug of war game. Teams A, B, C have attached a rope to a
metal ring and is trying to pull the ring into their own area.
Team A pulls with force F1 = 6i^+0j^ kN,
Team B pulls with force F2 = −4i^+4j^ kN,
Team C pulls with force F3 = −3i^−3j^ kN,
(i) What is the magnitude of the force of Team A?
(ii) Which team will win the game?
(iii) Find the magnitude of the resultant force exerted by the teams.
Or
In what direction is the ring getting pulled?
Solution:

(i) Magnitude of force of team A = |F1| = 6 kN

(ii) Since, magnitude offeree of team A is greater than other teams, therefore team A will win the
game.
(iii) Resultant force,

Or
Resultant force F⃗ =−i^j^
Let F⃗ makes an angle 6 with the X-axis, then its direction cosine along X-axis is cos θ.

Question 38.
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
The relation between the height of the plant (v in cm) with respect to its exposure to the sunlight
is governed by the following equation y = 4x – 12x²,
where x is the number of days exposed to the sunlight, for x ≤ 3.

(i) Find the rate of growth of the plant with respect to the number of days exposed to the sunlight.
(ii) Does the rate of growth of the plant increase or decrease in the first three days? What will be
the height of the plant after 2 days?
Solution:
(i) Given, y = 4x – 12x²
On differentiating w.r.t. x,
dydx = 4-x
∴ Rate of growth of the plant with respect to the number of days exposed to the sunlight is 4 – x.
(ii) dydx = 4 – x
On differentiating again w.r.t. x,
d2ydx2 = -1 < 0
⇒ dydxdecreases
So, the rate of growth of the plant decreases for the first three days.
Height of the plant after 2 days
= y(2) = 4 × 2 – 12 × 2²
= 8 – 2 = 6cm