SY B.

Tech-CSE
Question Bank
Unit IV

1 BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION:-

1. If 10% of bolts produced by a machine are defec-

tive. Determine the probability that out of 10 bolts,
chosen at random
(a) 1
(b) none
(c) at most 2 bolts will be defective.
Ans: (a) 0.3874 (b) 0.3487 (c) 0.9298
2. An underground mine has 5 pumps installed for pump-
ing out storm water. The probability of any one of
the pumps failing during the storm is 81 . What is the
probability that
(a) at least 2 pumps will be working
(b) all the pumps will be working during a particular
storm?

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 Ans: (a) 0.998 (b) 0.5129
3. The probability of entering student in Chartered Ac-
countant will be graduate 0.5. Determine the prob-
ability that out of 10 students
(a) none
(b) one or
(c) at least one will graduate.
Ans: (a) 9.765 ∗ 10−4 (b) 9.765 ∗ 10−3 (c) 0.99
4. If mean and variance of binomial distribution are 4
and 2 respectively. Find the probability of
(a) exactly 2 successes
(b) less than 2 successes
(c) at least 2 successes.
Ans: (a) 0.1093 (b) 0.0351 (c) 0.964
5. If 20% of the bolts produced by a machine are de-
fective, determine the probability that out of 4 bolts
chosen at random
(a) 1
(b) 0
(c) at most 2 bolts will be defective.
Ans: (a) 0.4096 (b) 0.4096 (c) 0.9728
6. Six dice are thrown 729 times. How many times do
you expect at least three dice to show a five or a six?
Ans: 233

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 7. Find the probability of getting a total of 7 at least
once in 4 tosses of a pair of fair dice?
671
Ans: 1296
8. If the chance that any one of the 10 telephone lines is
busy at any instant is 0.2. What is the chance that
5 of the lines are busy? What is the probability that
all the lines are busy?
Ans: 0.0264, (0.2)10
9. An insurance salesman sells policies to 5 men, all
of identical age in good health. According to the
actuarial tables the probability that a man of this
particular age will be alive 30 years hence is 23 . Find
the probability that in 30 years
(a) all 5 men
(b) at least 3 men
(c) only 2 men
(d) at least 1 man will be alive.
32 192 40 242
Ans: (a) 243 (b) 243 (c) 243 (d) 243

10. A box contains 10 screws, 3 of which are defective.

Two screws are drawn at random without replace-
ment. Find the probability that none of the two
screws is defective.
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Ans: 15
11. Out of 800 families with four children each, how
many families would be expected to have
(a) 2 boys and 2 girls
(b) at least one boy

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 (c) no girl
(d) at most two girls?
Assume equal probabilities for boys and girls. Ans:
(a) 300 (b) 750 (c) 50 (d) 550
12. An electronic component consists of three parts. Each
part has probability 0.99 of performing satisfacto-
rily. The component fails if 2 or more parts do not
perform satisfactorily. Assuming that the parts per-
form independently, determine the probability that
the component does not perform satisfactorily.
Ans: 0.000298
13. The incidence of occupational disease in an industry
is such that the workers have 20% chance of suffering
from it. What is the probability that out of 6 workers
4 or more will catch the disease?
53
Ans: 2125
14. Fit a Binomial distribution to the following data.

x 0 1 2 3 4 5
f 2 22 63 76 96 56
Ans: 315 (0.34 + 0.66)5

2 POISSON DISTRIBUTION:-

1. The number of arrivals of customers during any day

follows Poisson distribution with a mean of 5. What
is the probability that the total number of customers
on two days selected at random is less than 2?
Ans: 4.994 ∗ 10−4

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2. In a certain factory producing cycle tyres, there is a
small chance of 1 in 500 tyres to be defective. The
tyres are supplied in lots of 10. Using Poisson dis-
tribution, calculate the approximate number of lots
containing no defective, one defective and two defec-
tive tyres, respectively, in a consignment of 10,000
lots.
Ans:
(a) P(0)=0.9802, 9802 lots
(b) P(1)=0.019604, 196 lots
(c) P(2)=0.00019604, 2 lots
3. If the probability that an individual suffers a bad
reaction from a certain infection is 0.001. Determine
the probability that out of 2000 individuals
(a) exactly 3
(b) more than 2 individuals
(c) none
(d) more than one individual will suffer a bad reac-
tion.
Ans: i. 0.18 ii. 0.325 iii. 0.135 iv. 0.595
4. An insurance company found that only 0.01% of the
population is involved in a certain type of accident
each year. If its 1000 policy holders were randomly
selected from the population, what is the probability
that not more than two of its clients are involved in
such an accident next year? (given e−0.1 = 0.9048)
Ans: 0.9998

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5. Find the probability that at most 5 defective fuses
will be found in a box of 200 fuses if experience shows
that 2% of such fuses are defective.
Ans: 0.785
6. The number of accidents during a year in a factory
has the Poisson distribution with mean 1.5. The ac-
cidents during different years are assumed indepen-
dent. Find the probability that only 2 accidents take
place during 2 years time.
Ans: 0.224
7. A manufacturer of cotter pins knows that 5% of his
product is defective. If he sells cotter pins in boxes of
100 and guarantee that not more than 10 pins will
be defective. What is the approximate probability
that a box will fail to meet the guaranteed quality.
[e−5 = 0.006738]
Ans: 0.0136875
8. Suppose the number of telephone calls on an opera-
tor received from 9.00 to 9.05 follows a Poisson dis-
tribution with mean 3. Find the probability that
(a) the operator will receive no calls in that time
interval tomorrow
(b) in the next three days the operator will receive
a total of 1 call in that time interval. [e−3 =
0.04978]
Ans: (a) e−3 (b) 3 ∗ (e−3 )2 ∗ e−3 ∗ 3
9. The distribution of typing mistakes committed by a
typist is given below. Assuming a Poisson model,

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 find out the expected frequencies.
Mistakes per pages 0 1 2 3 4 5
No. of pages 142 156 69 27 5 1
Ans: 147, 147, 74, 25, 6, 1 pages
10. Wireless sets are manufactured with 25 soldered joints
each. On the average, 1 joint in 500 is defective. How
many sets can be expected to be free from defective
joints in a consignment of 10000 sets?
Ans: 9512
11. In certain factory turning out razor blades, there is
1
a small chance 500 for any blade to be defective. The
blades are supplied in packet of 10. Using Poisson’s
distribution, calculate the approximate number of
packets containing
(a) no defective
(b) one defective
(c) two defective blades
12. A certain screw making machine produces an average
2 defective screws out of 100 and pack them in boxes
of 500. Find the probability that a box contains 15
defective screws.
Ans: 0.0347
13. The distribution of the number of road accidents per
day in a city is Poisson with mean 4. Find the num-
ber of days out of 100 days when there will be
(a) no accident
(b) at least 2 accidents

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 (c) at most 3 accidents
(d) between 2 and 5 accidents
Ans: (a) 2 days (b) 91 days (c) 43 days (d) 39 days
14. Fit a Poisson distribution to the following frequency
distribution and compare the theoretical frequencies
with observed frequencies.

x 0 1 2 3 4 5
f 158 160 60 25 10 2
15. A source of liquid is known to contain bacteria with
the mean number of bacteria per cubic centimeter
equal to 2. Five 1 c.c. test tubes are filled with the
liquid, assuming that Poisson distribution is applica-
ble, calculate the probability that all test tubes show
growth.
Ans: 0.036

3 NORMAL DISTRIBUTION:-

1. Find the area under the normal curve in each of t he

cases:
(a) z=0 and z=1.2
(b) z= -0.68 and z=0
(c) z= -0.46 and z=2.21
(d) z=0.81 and z=1.94
(e) To the left of z=0.6
(f) Right of z= -1.28

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 Ans: (a)0.3849 (b) 0.2518 (c) 0.6637 (d) 0.1828 (e)
0.2743 (f) 0.8997
2. Assume mean height of soldiers to be 68.22 inches
with a variance of 10.8 inches square. How many
soldiers in a regiment of 1000 would you expect to
be over 6 feet tall, given that the area under the
standard normal curve between x=0 and x=0.35 is
0.1368 and between x=0 and x=1.15 is 0.3746.
Ans: 99%
3. A sample of 100 dry battery cells tested to find the
length of life produced the following results:
x = 12 hours, σ = 3 hours
Assuming the data to be normally distributed, what
percentage of battery cells are expected to have life
(a) more than 15 hours
(b) less than 6 hours
(c) between 10 and 14 hours ?
Ans: (a) 15.87% (b) 2.28% (c) 49.70%
4. The mean yield per plot of a crop is 17 kg and stan-
dard deviation is 3 kg. If distribution of yield per
plot is normal. Find the percentage of plots giving
yields

(a) between 15.5 kg and 20 kg

(b) more than 20 kg
Ans: (a) 53.28% (b) 0.1587

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5. In a sample of 1000 cases, the mean of a certain test
is 14 and standard deviation is 2.5. Assuming the
distribution to be normal, find
(a) how many students score between 12 and 15 ?
(b) how many score above 18 ?
(c) how many score below 8 ?
(d) how many score 16 ?
(Given: area between -0.8 to 0.4 = 0.4435, area right
to 1.6 = 0.0548, area left to -2.4 = 0.0082, area be-
tween 0.6 and 1 = 0.1156 )
Ans: (a) 444 (b) 55 (c) 8 (d) 116
6. The mean inside diameter of a sample of 200 wash-
ers produced by a machine is 0.502 cm and the stan-
dard deviation is 0.005 cm. The purpose for which
these washers are intended allows a maximum tol-
erance in the diameter of 0.496 to 0.508 cm, other-
wise the washers are considered defective. Determine
the percentage of defective washers produced by the
machine, assuming the diameters are normally dis-
tributed.
(Given: area between z= -1.2 and z=1.2 is 0.7698)
Ans: 23.02%
7. A manufacturer of envelopes knows that the weight
of the envelopes is normally distributed with mean
1.9 gm and variance 0.01 gm. Find how many en-
velopes weighing
(a) 2 gm or more

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 (b) 2.1 gm or more, can be expected in a given packet
of 1000 envelopes.
(Given: if t is the normal variable, then ϕ(0 ≤ t ≤
1) = 0.3413 and ϕ(0 ≤ t ≤ 2) = 0.4772, area right
to z=1 is 0.1587 and area right to z=2 is 0.0228)
Ans: (a) 159 (b) 23
8. The life of army shoes is ’normally’ distributed with
mean 8 months and standard deviation 2 months.
If 5000 pairs are issued how many pairs would be
expected to need replacement after 12 months?
(Given: : P (z ≥ 2) = 0.0228 and z = x−µ σ )
Ans: 4886 pair of shoes
9. In a male population of 1000, the mean height is
68.16 inches and standard deviation is 3.2 inches.
How many men may be more than 6 feet (72 inches)?
(Given: ϕ(1.15) = 0.8749, ϕ(1.2) = 0.8849, ϕ(1.25) =
0.8944)
where the argument is the standard normal variable.
Ans: 115
10. Pipes for tobacco are being packed in fancy plas-
tic boxes. The length of the pipes is normally dis-
tributed with µ = 5” and a=0.1”. The internal
length of the boxes is 5.2”. What is the probabil-
ity that the box would be small for the pipe?
(Given: ϕ(1.8) = 0.9641, ϕ(2) = 0.9772, ϕ(2.5) =
0.9938)
Ans: 0.0228
11. Assuming that the diameters of 1000 brass plugs
taken consecutively from a machine form a normal

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 distribution with mean 0.7515 cm and standard devi-
ation 0.0020 cm. How many of the plugs are likely to
be rejected if the approved diameter is 0.752 ± 0.004 cm?
(Given : area under z = −1.75 to z = 2.25 is 0.9477)
Ans: 52.3
12. A manufacturer knows from experience that the resis-
tance of resistors he produces is normal with mean µ =
100 ohms and standard deviation σ = 2 ohms. What
percentage of resistors will have resistance between 98
ohms and 102 ohms ?
(Given: area between z= -1 and z=1 is 0.6826)
Ans: 68.26
13. The lifetime of radio tubes manufactured in a factory is
known to have an average value of 10 years. Find the
probability that the lifetime of a tube taken randomly
(a) exceeds 15 years
(b) is less than 5 years, assuming that the exponen-
tial probability law is followed.
Ans: (a) 0.2231 (b) 0.3935
14. The breaking strength X of a cotton fabric is normally
distributed with E(x)=16 and σ(x) = 1. The fabric is
said to be good if X ≥ 14. What is the probability that a
fabric chosen at random is good. (Given: ϕ(2) = 0.9772)
Ans: 0.9772
15. A manufacturer knows from experience that the resis-
tance of resistors he produces is normal with mean µ =
140 Ω and standard deviation σ = 5 Ω. Find the per-
centage of the resistors that will have resistance between

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 138 Ω and 142 Ω.
(Given: ϕ(0.4) = 0.6554, where z is the standard normal
variate.)
Ans: 31.08%
16. A manufacturing company packs pencils in fancy plastic
boxes. The length of the pencils is normally distributed
with µ = 6” and σ = 0.2”. The internal length of the
boxes is 6.4”. What is the probability that the box would
be too small for the pencils.
(Given: ϕ(2) = 0.9772)
Ans: 0.0228
17. A manufacturer produces airmail envelopes, whose weight
is normal with mean µ = 1.95 gm and standard devia-
tion σ = 0.05 gm. The envelopes are sold in lots of 1000.
How many envelopes in a lot will be heavier than 2 gm
? R1 2
(Given: √12π 2 exp ( −x2 ) dx = 0.3413)
Ans: 159
18. The mean height of 500 students is 151 cm and the stan-
dard deviation is 15 cm. Assuming that the heights are
normally distributed, find how many students height lie
between 120 and 155 cm.
Ans: 294
19. A large number of measurement is normally distributed
with a mean of 65.5” and S.D. of 6.2”. Find the percent-
age of measurements that fall between 54.8” and 68.8”
Ans: 66.01%
20. X is normally distributed and the mean of X is 15 and
standard deviation 3. Determine the probability of

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 (a) 0 < X < 10
(b) X ≥ 18
Ans: (a) 0.10483 (b) 0.1587
21. In a normal distribution, 31% of the items are under
45 and 8% are over 64. Find the mean and standard
deviation of distribution.
Ans: σ = 10.0529, µ = 49.9259
22. A random sample of 200 screws is drawn from a popu-
lation which represents the size of screws. If a sample
is distributed normally with mean 3.15 cm and stan-
dard deviation 0.025 cm, find expected number of screws
whose size falls between 3.12 cm and 3.2 cm.
(Given: area corresponding to 1.2 = 0.3849 and area
corresponding to 2.0 = 0.4772)
Note: p (−1.2 < z < 2) = p (0 < z < 1.2) + p (0 < z <
2)
Ans: 172 approx.
23. For a normal distribution, N = 300, µ = 75 and σ = 15.
How many values lie between x= 60 and x= 70 ?
The area under the normal curve for various values of Z
is given as,

Z Area
0.33 0.12930
0.34 0.13307
1 0.34134
Ans: 63 approx.

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24. Obtain the equation of normal curve that may be fitted
to the following distribution.

x 50 60 70 80 90 100
f 5 20 120 250 240 5
Also obtain expected normal frequencies.

4 MORE QUESTIONS:-

1. 10 coins are thrown simultaneously. Find the prob-

ability that

(a) exactly 3 heads will appear

(b) three or less heads will appear
Ans: (a) 0.1172 (b) 0.1718
2. Probability of man now aged 60 years will live upto
70 years of age is 0.65. Find the probability of out
of 10 men sixty years old 6 or more will live upto the
age of 70 years.
Ans: 0.2377
3. In sampling the large numbers of parts manufactured
by a machine, the mean number of defectives in a
sample of 20 is 2 out of 1000 such samples. How
many would be expected to contain at least 3 defec-
tive parts?
Ans: 323
4. According to past record of one day internationals
between India and Pakistan, India has won 15 matches

15
 and lost 10. If they decided to play a series of 6
matches now, what is the probability of India win-
ning the series?
(Draw is ruled out)
Ans: 0.5443
5. Two dice are thrown 100 times and the number of
nines recorded. What is the probability that ”r”
nines occur? Find the probability that at least 3
nines occur.
Ans: 0.00045
6. Between 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. the average number of
phone calls per minute coming into the company are
2. Find the probability that during one particular
minute, there will be
(a) no phone calls at all
(b) 2 or less calls
Ans: (a) 0.1353 (b) 6/65
7. In a Telephone exchange, the probability that any
one call is wrongly connected is 0.02. What is the
minimum number of calls required to ensure a proba-
bility 0.1 that at least one call is wrongly connected?
Ans: 6 approx.
8. A manufacturer of electronic goods has 4% of his
product defective. He sells the articles in packets of
300 and guarantees 90 % good quality. Determine
the probability that a particular packet will violate
the guarantee.

16
 9. In a certain examination, the percentage of passes
and distinction were 48 and 10 respectively. Esti-
mate the average marks obtained by the candidates,
the minimum pass and distinction marks being 40
and 75 respectively.
Ans: 38.5772
10. 5000 candidates appeared in a certain paper carrying
a maximum of 100 marks. It was found that marks
were normally distributed with mean 39.5 and stan-
dard deviation 12.5. Determine approximately the
number of candidates who secured a first class for
which a minimum of 60 marks is necessary.
Ans: 253

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