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Basic RLC Circuits

The document discusses RLC circuits including series and parallel configurations. It provides examples of calculating voltage, current, impedance and phase angle for RLC circuits. Sample problems are worked through as examples.

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25 views13 pages

Basic RLC Circuits

The document discusses RLC circuits including series and parallel configurations. It provides examples of calculating voltage, current, impedance and phase angle for RLC circuits. Sample problems are worked through as examples.

Uploaded by

Username88ploo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BASIC RLC CIRCUITS

RLC IN SERIES
▪Current in a series circuit containing resistance, inductive
reactance, and capacitive reactance is determined by the total
impedance of the combination.

𝑉𝑅 = 𝐼𝑅
𝑉𝐿 = 𝐼𝑋𝐿
𝑉𝐶 = 𝐼𝑋𝐶

EE104 – BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


IMPEDANCE IN SERIES RLC
▪Impedance Z is equal to the phasor sum of R, 𝑋𝐿 , and 𝑋𝐶

When 𝑋𝐿 > 𝑋𝐶
𝑍= 𝑅2 + (𝑋𝐿 − 𝑋𝐶 )2
𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚
When 𝑋𝐶 > 𝑋𝐿
𝑍= 𝑅2 + (𝑋𝐿 + 𝑋𝐶 )2
It is convenient to define net reactance X as
𝑋 = 𝑗𝑋𝐿 − 𝑗𝑋𝐶 𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑥 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚

EE104 – BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
(a) In an RLC series AC circuit, find the applied voltage, phase angle and
impedance.

Answer: 𝑽 = 𝟏𝟕∠𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟕𝟓° 𝑽 𝒁 = 𝟖. 𝟓∠𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟕𝟓° 𝜴 𝜽 = 𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟕𝟓°


SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
(a) In an RLC series AC circuit, find the applied voltage, phase angle and
impedance.
Solution:
𝑍 = 𝑅 + 𝑋 = 𝑅 + 𝑗𝑋𝐿 − 𝑗𝑋𝐶 𝑉 = 𝐼𝑍
𝑍 = 4 + 𝑗(19.5) − 𝑗(12) 𝑉 = 2 𝐴 4 + 𝑗7.5 Ω
𝑍 = 4 + 𝑗7.5 Ω (𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚) 𝑉 = 17∠61.9275° 𝑉
𝑍 = 8.5∠61.9275° Ω (𝑝ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚)
𝜃 = 61.9275°

Answer: 𝑽 = 𝟏𝟕∠𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟕𝟓° 𝑽 𝒁 = 𝟖. 𝟓∠𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟕𝟓° 𝜴 𝜽 = 𝟔𝟏. 𝟗𝟐𝟕𝟓°


RLC IN PARALLEL
▪The voltage is the same across each parallel branch so
𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉𝑅 = 𝑉𝐿 = 𝑉𝐶

EE104 – BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


RLC IN PARALLEL
For 𝐼𝐶 > 𝐼𝐿

EE104 – BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


RLC IN PARALLEL
When 𝐼𝐿 > 𝐼𝐶
𝐼𝑇 = 𝐼𝑅 2 + (𝐼𝐿 − 𝐼𝐶 )2
𝐼𝐿 − 𝐼𝐶
𝜃 = arctan −
𝐼𝑅

When 𝐼𝐿 > 𝐼𝐶
𝐼𝑇 = 𝐼𝑅 2 + (𝐼𝐶 − 𝐼𝐿 )2
𝐼𝐶 − 𝐼𝐿
𝜃 = arctan
𝐼𝑅

EE104 – BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


IMPEDANCE IN PARALLEL RLC
▪The total impedance 𝑍𝑇 of a parallel RLC circuit equals the total
voltage 𝑉𝑇 divided by the total current 𝐼𝑇
𝑉𝑇
𝑍𝑇 =
𝐼𝑇

EE104 – BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
(a) A 400-ohm resistor, a 50-ohm inductive reactance and a 40-ohm capacitive
reactance are placed in parallel across a 120-V ac line. Find the phasor
branch currents, total current, phase angle, and impedance.
Solution: 120∠0 𝑉
−1 −1
𝐼𝑅 = = 0.3 𝐴
𝑍 = 400−1 + 𝑗 50 + −𝑗 40 400 Ω
120∠0 𝑉
𝑍 = 178.8854∠ − 63.4349° Ω (𝑝ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚) 𝐼𝐿 = = 2.4∠ − 90 𝐴
𝑗50 Ω
𝜃 = −63.4349°
120∠0 𝑉
120∠0 𝑉 𝐼𝐶 = = 3∠90 𝐴
𝐼𝑇 = = 0.6708∠63.4349 𝐴 −𝑗40 Ω
178∠ − 63.4349° Ω
Answer: 𝒁 = 𝟏𝟕𝟖. 𝟖𝟖𝟓𝟒∠ − 𝟔𝟑. 𝟒𝟑𝟒𝟗° 𝜴 𝜽 = −𝟔𝟑. 𝟒𝟑𝟒𝟗° 𝑰𝑻 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟕𝟎𝟖∠𝟔𝟑. 𝟒𝟑𝟒𝟗 𝑨
𝐈𝑹 = 𝟎. 𝟑 𝑨 𝑰𝑳 = 𝟐. 𝟒∠ − 𝟗𝟎 𝑨 𝑰𝑪 = 𝟑∠𝟗𝟎 𝑨
PRACTICE PROBLEM 1
(a) For the RLC parallel circuit, find Z, IT, I1 ,I2 ,VR1, VR2, VL, and VC.

Answer: 𝑰𝑻 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟒𝟐𝟑𝟕∠𝟏𝟑. 𝟔𝟕𝟏𝟑° 𝑨 𝑰𝟏 = 𝟔∠ − 𝟓𝟑. 𝟏𝟑𝟎𝟏° 𝑨 𝑰𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟔𝟎𝟔𝟔∠𝟒𝟓° 𝑨


𝒁 = 𝟓. 𝟐𝟓𝟐𝟑∠ − 𝟏𝟑. 𝟔𝟕𝟏𝟑° 𝜴 𝑽𝑹𝟏 = 𝟑𝟔∠ − 𝟓𝟑. 𝟏𝟑𝟎𝟏° 𝑽 𝑽𝑹𝟐 = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟒𝟐𝟔𝟒∠𝟒𝟓° 𝑽
𝑽𝑳 = 𝟒𝟖∠𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟔𝟗𝟗° 𝑽 𝑽𝑪 = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟒𝟐𝟔𝟒∠ − 𝟒𝟓° 𝑽
PRACTICE PROBLEM 2
(a) For the RLC series circuit, find Z, IT, VR, VL, and VC.

Answer: 𝑰𝑻 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗∠𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟕𝟔𝟕° 𝑨 𝒁 = 𝟑𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟕∠ − 𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟕𝟔𝟕° 𝜴


𝑽𝑳 = 𝟑𝟐. 𝟎𝟒𝟏𝟒∠𝟏𝟐𝟔. 𝟖𝟕𝟔𝟕° 𝑽 𝑽𝑪 = 𝟓𝟎. 𝟎𝟒𝟒𝟐∠ − 𝟓𝟑. 𝟏𝟐𝟑𝟑° 𝑽
𝑽𝑹 = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟗𝟗𝟕𝟗∠𝟑𝟔. 𝟖𝟕𝟔𝟕° 𝑽

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