Final Sample Research Paper Intro To Appendices 1

Enhancing Water Filtration Systems: Utilizing
Alkaline Balls, Coconut Shell Activated Carbon,

Maifan Stone Purification Balls, Ceramic
Mineralization Balls, and Shungite for
Improved Water Quality
This quantitative study is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in

Research 2
Saeed Faris F. Loong

Azlan L. Sadegh
Nafeesa C. Tan
Researchers
Leizel F. Mundo
Research Adviser
REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL-IX

Malasiga, San Roque, Zamboanga City
1
May 6, 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………….1
Background of the Study…………………………………………………...2
Aims of the Study…………………………………………………………..3
Significance of the Study…………………………………………………...4
Delimitation ………………………………………………………………..5
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE………………………………………….6
2
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study

In expansion to being a fundamental human require, having get to to clean,
secure water could be a key calculate in deciding open wellbeing. However, a sizable
parcel of the populace within the Philippines runs the regular hazard of getting to
risky groundwater sources. Based on current estimates, devouring or utilizing
unfiltered groundwater puts three million individuals within the Philippines at hazard
for wellbeing issues. There are additional health dangers and natural issues as a result
of the seven million people who don't have get to to cutting edge sanitation offices. In
provincial and underserved urban zones, where there’s small to no framework for
clean water and sanitation, these issues are most recognizable. As such, a expansive
number of individuals start to utilize polluted water sources for schedule errands like
drinking, cleaning, and washing. This reliance on unfiltered groundwater makes a
awful propensity of utilizing unfiltered groundwater as a family utilize..
B. Aims of the Study

1) Design and test a water filter that can effectively purify groundwater to
meet safety standards for potable water.
2) Evaluate the efficiency and reliability of the filtration system under various
conditions
3) Promote awareness about the potential benefits of groundwater harvesting and
filtration, encouraging wider adoption of these practices to improve water security and
reduce health risks.
C. Significance of the Study

The significance of this study lies in its potential to address a critical public
health issue while promoting environmental sustainability, economic efficiency, and
community empowerment. By developing a portable water filtration system, the study
aims to create a scalable solution that can benefit millions of people worldwide,
improving their quality of life and resilience to adverse circumstances.
3
D. Delimitation of the Study
This study focuses on the innovation of using a particular mineral or
producing water filter. It aims to lessen the use of non-biodegradable materials such
as plastic bottles or containers which are not safe for environment by using it to create
an eco-friendly water filter that will help people in case of emergencies. This study
aims to provide people with a water filter that can save many lives, and something
anyone can use to create clean water at home to be prepared in case a disaster comes.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
According to William M. Alley, Thomas E. Reilly, and O. Lehn Franke

(1999), groundwater is one of the nation's most important natural resources. It
provides about 40 percent of the nation's public water supply. In addition, more than
40 million people, including most of the rural population, supply their own drinking
water from domestic wells. (William M. Alley, Thomas E. Reilly, and O. Lehn
Franke, 1999)
As Ami Cobb, Mikell Warms, Edwin P. Maurer, andSteven Chiesa (2012) stated in
their study, chemical impurities such as pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers have
found their way into drinking water supplies and have been linked to severe health-
related issues. Activated carbon has the capacity to remove these problematic
chemicals from water sources. (Ami Cobb, Mikell Warms, Edwin P. Maurer, and
Steven Chiesa, 2012)
4
According to PJ Rangari and Priyanka Chavan (2017), activated carbon is a non-
graphite form of carbon that could be produced from any carbonaceous material.
Activated carbons are increasingly used as an economic and stable mass separation
agent for the removal of surfactants to raise the final product quality in many
industrial processes.
The higher purity, negative cost, high rate of production, and strong carbonaceous
structure of coconut shell prove it to be a precursor for carbon production. (PJ Rangari
and Priyanka Chavan, 2017)
In the study of Jessamine Gail M. Inson, Christian E. Supsup, and Mary Jane C.
Flores (2021), the measurements of selected groundwater quality parameters such as
pH, conductivity, nitrate, nitrite, and iron of groundwater samples were determined
on-site (Jessamine Gail M. Inson, Christian E. Supsup, and Mary Jane C. Flores,
2021).
According to M. Oyekeye, S. Yusuf, and S. Adeosun (2022), due to its high

adsorption capacity, activated carbon is extensively used in water treatment to remove
impurities from water. It is used in residential water filtering systems. In this study,
granular activated carbon was produced from coconut shell using chemical activation
with phosphoric acid as its activating agent at an impregnation ratio of 3:1 by weight.
The activated carbon produced was used in the treatment of surface rainwater, and
analyses were done on the treated and untreated water. This activated carbon is
suitable for the purification of physicochemical contaminants in water but not
biological contaminants or heavy metals (M. Oyekeye, S. Yusuf, and S. Adeosun,
2022).
5
METHODOLOGY
A. Research Locale
The study is to be conducted by student researchers from Regional Science
High School – Region IX based in Malasiga Drive, San. Roque, Zamboanga City.
B. Research Design
As this study is quantitative research, we'll be implementing an experimental
research design, more specifically CRD. In CRD, we would assign each filter a
different measurement of coconut shell activated carbon, then compare their
performance to one another and the commercialized product.
C. Research Sampling
This study’s objective is to develop a water filter that utilizes coconut shell
activated carbon; hence, probability sampling, or more specifically, simple random
sampling, will be employed. In simple random sampling. We would randomly
distribute different measurements of coconut shell activated carbon to a filter and then
compare their performance in filtering the ground water.
D. Research Procedure
As the goal of this study is to create a water filter using activated carbon from
coconut shells and determine the appropriate measurement of coconut activated
carbon, we will first assign each filter with a different measurement of activated
carbon from coconut shells. Next, we will gather data using probability sampling
procedure more specifically simple random, which involves choosing filters at
random with varying amounts of activated carbon from coconut shells and comparing
them to each other and the commercialized product.
E. Data Analysis
Data analysis will compare a standard (commercial) filter S vs experimental
filter A vs experimental filter B in terms of the following:
1. Retentiveness to fine precipitates
2. Flow of water
3. Bursting strength of wet paper
4. Thickness and weight
6
Data will be statistically evaluated using the One-way ANOVA. It is a statistical
method to test the null hypothesis (Ho) that three or more population means are equal
vs. the alternative hypothesis (Ha) that at least one mean is different. Using the formal
notation of statistical hypotheses, for k means we write:
Ho: u1=u2=…=uk
Ha: Not all means are equal
Where ui is the mean of the i-th level of the factor.
REFERENCES
Beattie, B. R., & LaFrance, J. T. (2006). The law of demand versus diminishing
marginal utility. Review of Agricultural Economics, 28(2), 263–
271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9353.2006.00286.x
Collins, M. E., Garlington, S., & Cooney, K. (2015). Relieving human suffering:
Compassion in social policy. Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 42(1),
95–120. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=3889&context=jssw
7
B. W. Scribner and W. K. Wilson. (1945). METHODS FOR THE EVALUATION

OF ANALYTICAL FILTER PAPERS. Part of Journal of Research of the
National Bureau of Standards, Volume 34, 454-457.
https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/jres/34/jresv34n5p453_A1b.pdf

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Enhancing Water Filtration Systems: Utilizing

Alkaline Balls, Coconut Shell Activated Carbon,

This quantitative study is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements in

Saeed Faris F. Loong

REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL-IX

Background of the Study…………………………………………………...2

Aims of the Study…………………………………………………………..3

Significance of the Study…………………………………………………...4

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE………………………………………….6

A. Background of the Study

B. Aims of the Study

C. Significance of the Study

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

According to William M. Alley, Thomas E. Reilly, and O. Lehn Franke

According to M. Oyekeye, S. Yusuf, and S. Adeosun (2022), due to its high

B. W. Scribner and W. K. Wilson. (1945). METHODS FOR THE EVALUATION

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