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Solar Water Pump: University of Aden Faculty of Engineering Mechanical Engineering Department Thermal Section

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18 views10 pages

Solar Water Pump: University of Aden Faculty of Engineering Mechanical Engineering Department Thermal Section

Uploaded by

sydbwlan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University Of Aden

Faculty Of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department
Thermal Section

Course Project l

SOLAR WATER PUMP

Prepared by:
Name: Hadi Ahmed Mohammed Reg.No:201004
Name: Saleh Mohammed Saleh Reg.No:201005
Name: Anas Abdullah Edhah Reg.No:501509

Class: B4MT

Supervised By
Dr. Mohammed Ali Moqbel
1
Subject Page

Introduction 3

SWPS Operation 3

SWPS Components 3

Types Of Water Pumps 4

Pump controller 5

Solar Array 5

Components Of Submersible Pump 6

Calculations 7-8-
9-10

2
1. Introduction:

A pump is a machine used to transfer fluids from lower level to


higher one or from place to another by increasing the pressure
of the fluid therefore converting mechanical energy to pressure
energy and it is operated by fuel which consider expensive to
farmers and other people in their jobs in villages so they tend
to use the solar pumps which run on the power of the sun, it is
environmentally friendly and economical in its operation. solar
pump covers the entire energy conversion, from sunlight, to
electrical energy, to mechanical, to stored energy.

2. SWPS Operation:

Sunlight Elec. Energy Mech. Energy Stored energy

3. SWPS Components:

3.1 Water pump 3.2 Pump controller 3.3 Solar array

3
• 3.1 Types of water pumps:
3.1.1 Submersible pumps:
They're completely submerged in water and used for deep-well
pumping and must never be operated without water otherwise
they will burn out due to dry running. They're available in both
centrifugal and positive displacement design.

3.1.2 Surface pumps:


They cannot be submerged in water otherwise pump failure will
occurs, they’re more efficient at high-flow pumping and are less
expensive than submersible pumps.

4
3.2 Pump controller:

The controller converts the power that is delivered to the pump


from the solar panels from DC to AC. Anothre important
function of the controller is to start the pump slowly (soft start)
and adjust its speed according to pumping load and power
available from the solar array.

3.3 Solar array:

To generate usable power, PV cells are connected in series and


parallel to produce solar modules with varying current, voltage,
and power outputs . The number of cells depends on the
application for which it is intended so the power rating of the
module increasing with the increase in number of cells.

5
Components Of Submersible Pump

6
Calculations

Flow rate ( Q ):
Is the quantity of water required in a day
Q= liter/sec or Kg/sec

Static head ( Hs ):
Is the vertical distance between the drawdown level and the
highest point in the output pipe.

Friction head ( Hf ):
Is the loss of pressure due to the friction force in pipes
Hf= F. L. v ^2/ (2.g.d)

Total dynamic head ( Hd ):


TDH= Static head + Friction head +Velocity head

Power ( P ):
P= 𝑝𝑔𝑄𝐻𝑇 In KW

7
Example:
A well is at a distance of 20 m of a tank and the high of the
tank is 6 m , a submersible pump is mounted at a distance of
-180 m underground. Dynamic rate is 165m , static rate is 150m
find the power required to run the pump if the quantity of
water required is 50m^3/hour.

Solution:
Volume 50
Q= = = 𝟐. 𝟕𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝐦𝟑 /s
Time 5×3600

𝑄
Dimeter is= √0.408 = 2 Inches = 0.0508 m
1.524

π
Area is = d2 = 0.002𝐦𝟐
4

𝑄 2.77x10−3
Velocity is = = = 1.38 m/s
𝐴 0.002

𝐇𝐕 = 6 + 165 = 171 m

Friction loss = 5 % of Total vertical head


Hf = 8.55

TDH= Hs + Hf = 171+8.55= 178.43 m

8
(another solution to find the frictional loss )

. Reynold's No.

vd 1.38 𝑥 0.0508
𝑅𝑒 = = = 66575.5 > 2000
γ 1.053 𝑥 10−6

1 . loss of energy due to friction "by using Darcy formula "

𝟒𝒇𝒍𝒗𝟐
𝒉𝒇 =
𝟐𝒅𝒈

0.079
Where 𝑓= for (4000 < Re.<106 )
𝑅𝑒 1⁄4
0.079
𝑓 = 1
= 4.9181 𝑥 10−3
66575.5 4

4𝑓𝑙𝑣 2 4 𝑥 4.9181 𝑥 10−3 𝑥 171 𝑥 1.382


So 𝒉𝒇 = = = 𝟔. 𝟒𝟐 𝐦
2𝑑𝑔 2 𝑥 0.0508 𝑥 9.81

2 . Loss due to fittings

Check valve K = 1.5


Abundance counter K = 1.5
Elbows K = 0.9

9
𝑣2 1.382
ℎ𝑓𝑜 = 𝑘𝑜 = (1.5 + 1.5 + 0.90) = 0.4 𝑚
2𝑔 2 𝑥 9.81

Total Dynamic Head =


Total vertical head +Frictional loss+ Fittings loss

𝐇𝐓 = Hv + Hf + Hfo = 171 + 6.42 + 0.4

𝐇𝐓 = 177.82

𝐏 = 𝐩𝐠𝐐𝐇𝐓 = 1000𝑥9.81𝑥2.77𝑥10−3 𝑥177.82


= 4832 𝑊 = 𝟒. 𝟖 𝐊𝐖

NO. of panels :
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 5000
= = 10 panels
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 500

10

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