Scribd
Upload
7 views11 pages

Lecture 341greens Theorem

This document discusses Greens' Theorem, which relates a line integral around a closed curve to a double integral over the region bounded by that curve. It provides the statement of Greens' Theorem and gives some important results for practice problems. It then works through two example problems applying Greens' Theorem to evaluate line integrals.

Uploaded by

vagish baweja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views11 pages

Lecture 341greens Theorem

This document discusses Greens' Theorem, which relates a line integral around a closed curve to a double integral over the region bounded by that curve. It provides the statement of Greens' Theorem and gives some important results for practice problems. It then works through two example problems applying Greens' Theorem to evaluate line integrals.

Uploaded by

vagish baweja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

MTH 166

Lecture-34

Greens’ Theorem
Statement:

Let C be a piecewise smooth simple closed curve bounding a region R


traced in anticlockwise direction. If f and g are two scalar functions
which are continuous and have continuous first order partial derivatives
on R, then:
CD CG
∮8 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = ∬B CE
− CH
𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA


Important Results for MCQ Practice:

CD CG
1. By Greens’ theorem: ∮8 𝑓𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔𝑑𝑦 = ∬B − CH 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
CE
2. Greens’ theorem is a relationship between double integral and line
integral.
3. Greens’ theorem is also called as First fundamental theorem of
integral vector calculus.
I
4. Area of region R = ∮8 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = − ∮8 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = ∮8 𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥
J
CD CG
5. If = , then by Greens’ theorem ∮8 𝑓𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔𝑑𝑦 = 0
CE CH
Problem: Use Greens’ theorem to evaluate: ∮8 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 J𝑑𝑦, where C is a
triangle with the vertices (0,0),(2,0) and (2,4) taken in the order.
Solution: Here the given integral is: ∮8 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 J𝑑𝑦
Comparing it with: ∮8 𝑓𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔𝑑𝑦
CG CD
𝑓 = (𝑥 + 𝑦) implies = 1 , 𝑔 = 𝑥 J implies = 2𝑥
CH CE
By Greens’ theorem:
CD CG
∮8 𝑓𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔𝑑𝑦 = ∬B CE
− CH
𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦

∮8 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 J𝑑𝑦 = ∬B 2𝑥 − 1 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
Now we are to get the limits of x and y for the evaluation of double integral.
Let us first draw the figure and find limits
0≤𝑥≤2
In the given figure: 𝑅:
0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2𝑥
Now, Let us evaluate the integral:
∮8 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 J𝑑𝑦 = ∬B 2𝑥 − 1 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
J JE
= ∫EST ∫HST 2𝑥 − 1 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥
J HSJE
= ∫EST 2𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 HST 𝑑𝑥

ESJ
= ∫EST 4𝑥 J − 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
U
= 4 −4
V

JT
= V
Answer
Problem: Use Greens’ theorem to evaluate:∮8 𝑥 V𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 V𝑑𝑥, where C is a the
circle: 𝑥 = 2 cos 𝜃, 𝑦 = 2 sin 𝜃 , 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋 .

Solution: Here the given integral is: ∮8 𝑥 V𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 V𝑑𝑥


Comparing it with: ∮8 𝑓𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔𝑑𝑦
CG CD
𝑓 = −𝑦 Vimplies CH
= −3𝑦 J, 𝑔 = 𝑥 V implies CE = 3𝑥 J
By Greens’ theorem:
CD CG
∮8 𝑓𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔𝑑𝑦 = ∬B CE
− CH
𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦

∮8 𝑥 V𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 V𝑑𝑥 = 3 ∬B 𝑥 J + 𝑦 J 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦


Here limits of x and y are in polar coordinates:
𝑥 = 2 cos 𝜃, 𝑦 = 2 sin 𝜃 , 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋
In the given region R: 0 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 2, 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋
∮8 𝑥 V𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 V𝑑𝑥 = 3 ∬B 𝑥 J + 𝑦 J 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦
J J^
= 3 ∫\ST ∫]ST 𝑟 J 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃
J V J^
= 3 ∫\ST 𝑟 𝑑𝑟 ∫]ST 𝑑𝜃
J
\_
= 3 𝜃 J^
]ST
` \ST
= 3 4 2𝜋
= 24𝜋 Answer
Line Integral Independent of Path of Integration
b
An integral of the form: ∫a 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 is independent of path of
CG CD
integration if and only if: CH = CE
b
Problem: Show that the integral ∫a 2𝑥𝑦 J𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥 J𝑦 + 1 𝑑𝑦 is independent of
path of integration.
b
Solution: Compare the given integral with: ∫a 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑦)𝑑𝑦
Here 𝑓 = 2𝑥𝑦 J and 𝑔 = 2𝑥 J𝑦 + 1
CG CD
This implies: CH = 4𝑥𝑦 and CE = 4𝑥𝑦
CG CD
Since, CH = CE = 4𝑥𝑦
So, the given integral is independent of path of integration.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

You might also like