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Density Lesson

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27 views

Density Lesson

Uploaded by

muwanguziebenezar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Density Lesson

The notes are at the bottom if you can access the video

Density Tutorial Questions

Just before we start there is something we need you to check

1) Just before we start there is something we need you to check


a. State the number of centimetres there are in one metre
b. So carefully think how many square centimetres there are in a square
metre
c. Now go on and think how many cubic centimetres there are in a cubic
metre.
2)
a. Measure or estimate the length, width and height volume of one of
one of the rooms in your home (if you are in school you can go and
collect a metre stick)
b. Calculate the volume of the room you are in.
c. Now calculate the mass of the air in the room taking the density of
air as 1.1 kg m-3
3) What is the density of a concrete beam of mass 24 750 kg and volume
4.5 cubic metres?
4) A candyfloss has a volume of 5 litres or 0.005 m3 and a density of 10 kgm-3.
a. Determine the volume of the candyfloss in cubic metres
b. Calculate the mass of the candyfloss.
5) Since the density of water is 1 103 kgm-3, calculate the volume 100 g of
water would have.
6) Rock 1 has a volume of 15cm 3 and a mass of 45 g. Calculate the density of
Rock 1 in g/cm3
7) Rock 2 has a volume of 30cm3 and a mass of 60g. Calculate the density of
Rock 2 in g/cm3
8) In the above two examples is Rock 1 or Rock 2 heavier? You must justify
your answer.
9) In the above two examples is Rock 1 or Rock 2 more dense? You must justify
your answer.
10)You decide you want to carry a boulder home from the beach. It is 30
centimetres on each side, and so has a volume of 27,000 cm 3. It is made of
granite, which has a typical density of 2.8 g/cm 3. Calculate the mass of this
boulder
11)Rocks are sometimes used along coasts to prevent erosion. If a rock needs to
have a mass of 2,000 kilograms (in order not to be shifted by waves),
calculate the volume of the rock. You are using basalt, which has a typical
density of 3200 kg/m3
12)A golden-coloured cube is handed to you. The person wants you to buy it for
$100, saying that is a gold nugget. You pull out your old geology text and
look up gold in the mineral table, and read that its density is 19.3 g/cm 3.
You measure the cube and find that it is 2 cm on each side, and weighs 40 g.
What is its density? Is it gold? Should you buy it?.... this is the basis of
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE! I’ll find some video stories.

Have you heard the old children’s question ”Which is heavier: a tonne of
feathers or a tonne of bricks?” Your immediate reaction (if you haven’t heard
the puzzle a million times before) is that it must be the bricks, as bricks are
“heavier” than feathers. However, the question asked about a tonne of each and
a tonne is a unit of mass. Therefore if both have the same mass then they would
weigh the same. The problem arose, not because of the mass but because we
are thinking of the density of each. The feathers would take up much more
space than the bricks since the bricks are heavier for the same volume, i.e. the
bricks have a much bigger density.

Density  (rho) is defined as:

mass per unit volume of a substance.

The SI unit (look this up if you have forgotten this term) for DENSITY is
KILOGRAM PER METRE CUBED (kg m-3)
If you think of the molecular behaviour of a substance it is obvious that there
is a connection between density and heat. The spacing of the particles increases
with temperature, therefore the density of a substance must decrease as
temperature increases.
Knowing about the spacing of particles in solids, liquids and gases also ought to
give us an indication as to how density and state are related.
In general the density of a gas is 1000 times less than the density of the
corresponding liquid or solid. NB the size of the particles does not change
but the spacing between the particles alters.

How does the spacing change?

Volume = 1000 x original volume 10


This means that the new spacing is 10
times greater since 103 = 1000.

10 10
Converting between metres and centimetres

Length 1 m = 100 cm

1m 100 cm

1m

Area

100 cm

1m
1 m2 = 10 000
cm 2
100 cm

Volume

100 cm
1m

1m
100 cm
1m
100 cm
1m 3
= 1 000 000 cm 3

= 106 cm3
1 l = 1000 cm3

1 m3 = 1000 l

1 m3 = 1 000 000 cm3

= 106 cm3

Solid Liquid Gas

Density 1 1

1000 1000 1

Volume 1 1 1000

Spacing of
1 1 10
particles

When submerged the anchor displaces a volume of water equal to its own volume. When
in the boat, the anchor is associated with displacing a volume of water with a weight equal
to its own weight - this is a larger volume than its own volume because the anchor's density
is higher than water's. Because the anchor displaces less water when it is submerged, the
water level drops when the anchor is thrown overboard.
http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/sc527_notes01/
weight.html#:~:text=Because%20the%20anchor%20displaces
%20less,the%20anchor%20is%20thrown%20overboard.
Tutorials
Just before we start there is something we need you to check

13)Just before we start there is something we need you to check


a. State the number of centimetres there are in one metre
b. So carefully think how many square centimetres there are in a square
metre
c. Now go on and think how many cubic centimetres there are in a cubic
metre.
14)
a. Measure or estimate the length, width and height volume of one of
one of the rooms in your home (if you are in school you can go and
collect a metre stick)
b. Calculate the volume of the room you are in.
c. Now calculate the mass of the air in the room taking the density of
air as 1.1 kg m-3
15)What is the density of a concrete beam of mass 24750 kg and volume 4.5 cubic
metres?
16)A candyfloss has a volume of 5 litres or 0.005 m3 and a density of 10 kgm-3.
a. Determine the volume of the candyfloss in cubic metres
b. Calculate the mass of the candyfloss.
17)Since the density of water is 103kgm-3, what volume does 100 g occupy?

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