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CBSE XII Practicals Functional Groups

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19 views2 pages

CBSE XII Practicals Functional Groups

Uploaded by

shruthiandsridhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MARY MATHA CMI PUBLIC SCHOOL, THENI

HIGHER SECONDARY - CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS

ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONAL GROUP IN AN ORGANIC COMPOUND


S EXPERIMENT OBSEVATION INFERENCE
N

1 Odour : a) Fishy odour May be Amine

Note the Odour of the organic b) Phenolic odour May be Phenol


compound
c) Pleasant fruity odour May be Ester

2 Test for Unsaturation:


a)Orange-yellow colour of bromine Substance is Unsaturated
To a small amount of the organic water is decolourised
compound is added with few
drops of bromine water. Shake it b) No Decolourisation Substance is Saturated
well

3 Test for Carboxylic Acid:

Esterification reaction:
To a small amount of an organic a) A Pleasant fruity odour is Presence of Carboxylic
compound is added with 1 ml of noted. group
ethyl alcohol and 4 to 5 drops
of Con. Sulphuric acid. Heat the
reaction mixture strongly for b) No fruity odour Absence of Carboxylic
about 5 minutes. Then pour the acid
mixture into a beaker containing
dil. Sodium carbonate solution
and note the smell.

4 Test for Phenol:

Neutral FeCl3 test:


To a small amount of organic a) Violet colouration is seen Presence of Phenol
compound is added with 1 ml of
neutral ferric chloride solution in b) No Violet colouration Absence of Phenol
a dry clean test tube.
5 Test for Alcohol:

Esterification reaction:
To a small amount of an organic a) A Pleasant fruity odour is Presence of Alcoholic
compound is added with 1 ml of noted. group
acetic acid and 4 to 5 drops
of Con. Sulphuric acid. Heat the
reaction mixture strongly for b) No fruity odour Absence of Alcoholic
about 5 minutes. Then pour the group
mixture into a beaker containing
dil. Sodium carbonate solution
and note the smell

6 Test for Carbonyl group:


a) Orange-yellow precipitate is Presence of Carbonyl
To a small amount of organic formed group
compound is shaken well with 2
ml of 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine b) No Orange-yellow precipitate Absence of Carbonyl
group

7 Test for Aldehyde group:

To a small amount of organic a) Red precipitate is formed Presence of Aldehyde


compound is added with 1 ml of group
Fehling’s solution A and B and b) No Red Precipitate
warm the mixture on a water Absence of Aldehyde
bath for about 5 minutes

8 Test for Ketone group:

A small amount of the a) Red colouration Presence of Ketone


substance is taken in a test tube.
1 ml sodium nitroprusside b) Red colouration Absence of Ketone
solution is added. Then sodium
hydroxide solution is added
dropwise

9 Test for Amine :


a) Scarlet red dye is Presence of an aromatic
To a small amount of an obtained amine
organic substance is added with
2 ml of HCl and few crystals of b) No red colour Absence of an aromatic
NaNO2, and then cool the mixture amine
in ice bath. Add 2 ml of ice
cold solution of β-naphtholin
NaOH

Result :

The given organic compound contains ____________functional group

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